GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN ANTIBIOTIK MASYARAKAT DI

KELURAHAN PANARUNG DAN PAHANDUT SEBERANG, KECAMATAN

PAHANDUT, PALANGKA RAYA

SKRIPSI

Disusun oleh:

Zakia Sufiatinur
09/280153/FA/08246
FAKULTAS FARMASI
UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA
YOGYAKARTA
2013

AN OVERVIEW OF KNOWLEDGE OF ANTIBIOTICS AMONG PEOPLE IN

PANARUNG AND PAHANDUT SEBERANG VILLAGES, PAHANDUT
SUBDISTRICT, PALANGKA RAYA

Zakia Sufiatinur, Anna Wahyuni Widayanti

Pharmaceutical Faculty, Gadjah Mada University

ABSTRACT
Lack of knowledge about the proper antibiotics usage and the improper knowledge
about antibiotics among people has become a trigger factor to resist antibiotics. Resistance
for antibiotics is a global health problem today. This research was aimed to know an
overview of knowledge of antibiotics in Panarung and Pahandut Seberang Villages,
Pahandut Subdistrict, Palangka Raya.
The research is a descriptive research to which a data obtained directly from
respondents within the selected focus by using questionnaire method. Sample of research
was determined by purposive sampling method. The sample used is 68 samples: 35 samples
at Panarung Village and 33 samples at Pahandur Seberang Village. Analysis of data used a
descriptive method and it obtained percentage result.
The research result showed that a knowledge level at Panarung Village to be better
than a knowledge level at Pahandur Seberang Village. The knowledge level at Panarung
Village was 25.71% obtaining a Good predicate, 37.14% obtaining a Good Enough
predicate, and 37.14% obtaining a Less predicate. The knowledge level at Pahandut
Seberang Village was 0.00% obtaining a Good predicate, 27.27% obtaining a Good Enough
predicate, and 72.73% obtaining a Less predicate.
Keywords: knowledge, antibiotics, Panarung Village, Pahandut Seberang Village.

INTRODUCTION
The minimum of knowledge and
improper comprehension about antibiotics
among people has become the main factor
for antibiotics resistance (Bisht et al.,
2009). The minimum of knowledge and
improper comprehension leads to some
wrongness in using antibiotics. For
example, antibiotics are used in selfmedication. Based on research by
Widayati et al. (2011) for 559 respondents
in Yogyakarta City, 7.3 percent of
respondents have used antibiotics for selfmedication during 1 month. The
respondent's reasons to use antibiotics in
self-medication are because the prior
antibiotics usage had been evidenced to be
able to heal, to save time and money
compared with seeing a doctor, and
because there is an inclination from doctor
to be always prescribing the same
antibiotics.
Using
antibiotics
for
selfmedication has allowed using antibiotics
irrationally, for example: antibiotics are
used for non-bacterial infection or it is not
eaten entirely after the sick had been
recovered. So that bacterial resistance for
antibiotics may be happened. An
increasing of antibiotics resistance has
caused narrower of usable antibiotics. This
becomes a global health problem,
particularly for developing countries that
their cases are higher than developed
countries (Anonymous, 2001).
A study by Radyowijati and Haak
(2002) stated that people in developing
countries have opinion that antibiotics is as
"super drug" those are able to eradicate
various symptoms and to cure disease. On
the other hand, parents are also often as the
main factors to use over antibiotics. Some
parents stated that not using antibiotics
makes longer sick. Based on the statement
above, decision to use antibiotics depends
on parent particularly the mother, so that
the parents buy antibiotics without
doctors prescription (Wahyuni, 2009).
Therefore, it is important to give
education regarding antibiotics for people

to increase and to correct the improper

comprehension. It is also important to
know the knowledge level among people,
so it would be knowing to which real
condition does become the bases to do
education trough illumination, counseling,
and distribution of leaflet.
METODOLOGY
This research is a descriptive
research which the data were obtained
directly from respondent within a selected
focus by using questionnaire method to
take primary data and the questionnaire
should be completed directly by
respondents. The questionnaire was
distributed by visiting respondents one by
one to their house. The research was
conducted at Panarung and Pahandut
Seberang Villages, Subdistrict Pahandut,
Palangka Raya.
Subject of Research
The sample is an individual that
meets eligibility research criteria, such as
17 years old and not medical personnel, in
order to show good overview of general
people, not illiterate, ready to complete
questionnaire, and able to communicate
well.
On this research has took 70
respondents, however 2 respondents were
not completing questionnaire completely,
so the respondents participated here were
68 respondents, 35 respondents are at
Panarung Village and 33 respondents are
at Pahandut Seberang Village.
Material and Instrument
The material used is score from
every responding to questionnaire. The
instrument used is a questionnaire who has
3 parts, such as socio demography, general
questions (experience of respondents in
using antibiotics), and special question
(knowledge about antibiotics), correlation
method of Product Moment Pearson to
examine validity, method of Cronbachs
Alpha to examine reliability, and

descriptive method to analyze data of

questionnaire.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A. Socio Demography of Respondent at
Panarung and Pahandut Seberang
Villages
Most respondents at Panarung and
Pahandut Seberang Villages are 21-30
years old (32.35%), female (72.06%),
graduated from university (41.18%),
working as house wife (39.71%), having
1-3 million income per month (27.94%),
and placed within range of 1-5 km with
healthy facilities (67.65%). Characteristic
of socio demography respondents can
influence to knowledge level, but this
research here was not conducted by the
Chi-square test to know characteristic
correlation with knowledge level.
Some research indicated that
characteristics socio demography have
been influencing for knowledge level, for
example the research conducted by Lim et
al. (2012) showed that group of respondent
with 31-45 years old have better
knowledge about side effect and allergy
results in antibiotics and an instruction of
using antibiotics than group of respondent
with 18-30 years old. However, gender
was not influenced significantly. The
research by Shehaded et al., (2012) stated
that there is no significant difference. 50%
respondents are male and female have the
right answer <50%. Majority of the highest
respondents education at 2 villages are
graduated from university. The research by
Oh et al. (2011) also showed that most
good knowledge predicate respondents are
the respondent that their highest education
has been passing examination from
university. Study by Kim et al. (2011)
showed that unemployment respondents
have good knowledge are 33.3%, while the
working respondents are 60.5%. In a
study, income had an effect in achieving
good knowledge level, which the
percentage of respondents have good
knowledge are greater on respondents with
high income than other respondent (You et

al., 2008). There is no research result yet

showing the place distance with health
facilities
influenced
to
individual
knowledge, however the nearer place of
individual with health facilities will be
better to get health information and also
their knowledge would be better.
B. An
Overview
of
Respondent
Knowledge about Antibiotics at
Panarung and Pahandut Seberang
Villages
Predicate
of
respondent's
knowledge at 2 village are presented in
table I and table II.
Table I. Predicate of Respondent
Knowledge Level at Panarung
Village
Predicate
Good
Enough
Less

Frequency
(people)
9
13
13

Percentage
(%)
25,71
37,14
37,14

Table II. Predicate of

Respondent Knowledge Level at
Pahandut Seberang Village
Predicate
Good
Enough
Less

Frequency
(people)
0
9
24

Percentage
(%)
0,00
27,27
72,73

Based on the result obtained, more than

50% of respondent can answer correctly all
questions about one of antibiotics sample
available in market, the remaining
antibiotics can not be used again,
definition of using antibiotics before
eating, suggesting to use antibiotics to
other people is not instructed to do, and
using antibiotics must be finished,
although the sick was recover. However,
percentage of respondent at Pahandut
Seberang Village who can answer
questionnaire questions correctly is not

until 50.00% entirely.

The greatest
percentage is exist on 2 questions, these
are 39.30% respondents know of using
antibiotics must be finished, although the
sick has been recovered and 36.36%
respondents know that the remaining may
not be used again. This research is not
comparing an overview of knowledge at 2
villages, but because the obtained result
showed a significant differences, then the
factors from differences of knowledge
level is also discussed.
According to characteristic of area,
Panarung Village is including into urban
area, so that the access for health facilities
and education are easier to reach by
community (Indrayani, 2012). This can
influence to their knowledge level, so that
respondents in Panarung Village is exist to
get good predicate. Characteristic of area
in Pahandut Seberang Village is different
with Panarung Village. This Village is
staying along with Kahayan River (Loren,
2012). Pahandut Seberang Village is
located not far from city center, but this
area is located at edge of river, then
according to health facilities and education
are less obtaining better attention. This can
be influenced on knowledge level, the
survey result at this village is enough and
less, there is no respondent getting good
predicate.
Amount of respondent that obtains
less predicate and enough predicate are
still great enough. This can be an overview
that many people are still not knowing yet
some information related with antibiotics
and the using of it. It is expected that
people should be more digging
information
surrounding
of
drug,
especially antibiotics, this information for
the government can be a foundation to
stipulate a policy and action, and for
pharmacist is as foundation to restrict
antibiotics sell without prescription of
doctor to drugstore.
CONCLUSSION
An overview of knowledge of
antibiotics among people at Panarung

Village showed that 9 respondents

(25.71%) had Good knowledge level
predicate, 13 respondents (37.14%) had
Good Enough level predicate, and 13
respondents (37.14%) had the Less level
predicate.
An overview of knowledge of
antibiotics among people at Pahandut
Seberang village showed that no
respondents had Good knowledge level
(0.00%), 9 respondents (27.27%) had
Good Enough level predicate, and 24
respondents (72.73%) had the Less level
predicate.

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