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Topics Covered…
DATABASE
DBMS & RDBMS
DATABASE MODELS
DATABASE OBJECTS
NORMALIZATION
SQL COMMANDS & FUNCTIONS
JOINS
Database
MSAccess, Foxpro,DBase
Relational Database Management System[RDBMS]
Hierarchical Model
Network model
Relational Model
Hierarchical Model
Table
Table is a database object or structure where the
data is stored.A table will contains rows and
columns. A row in a table is called 'tuple' and the
column in the table is called 'Attribute'.
View
• A view is a virtual, dynamic or logical table
computed or collated from data in the database.
• Changing the data in a table alters the data shown
in the view.
Database Objects
Stored Procedure
A stored procedure is a subroutine available to
applications accessing a relational database
system. Stored procedures are actually stored in
the database.
Trigger
A database trigger is procedural code that is
automatically executed in response to certain
events on a particular table in a database. Triggers
can restrict access to specific data, perform
logging, or audit data modifications.
Database Objects
• Index
A database index is a data structure that improves the
speed of operations in a table.Indexes can be created
using one or more columns.The disk space required
to store the index is typically less than the storage of
the table , or audit data modifications.
Primary Key
• It is a unique and non-nullable attribute of the table
• The primary key of a relational table uniquely
identifies each record in the table.
Foreign key
• It is a field in a relational table that matches the
primary key column of another table.
• Foreign key is used to establish and enforce a link
between the data in two tables.
Keys in a table
Candidate Keys
• A key that uniquely identifies rows in a table. Any of
the identified candidate keys can be used as the
table's primary key.
Super Key
• A Candidate Key as a Super Key that contains only
the minimum number of columns necessary to
determine uniqueness.
Database Normalization
DWH Team
Outer Joins
Left outer join : The resultant table will contain all the
records from the first table plus the records from second table
which satisfying the join condition.
Right outer join : The resultant table will contain all the
records from the second table plus the records from first table
which satisfying the join condition
Full outer join : A full outer join combines the results
of both left and right outer joins. The joined table will contain
all records from both tables
Joins Diagrams