12th August,2013

Third Semester
Electical Engg Dept,PEC University Of Technology,chandigarh
Course-Electric Machines1(EE214)

Lecture Notes-3

3-PHASE CIRCUITS
Course Coordinator
Dhiraj Bharat
EE Dept,PEC

Prepared by
Mehar Grewal
12104002
BE 2nd year-electrical

What do you mean by three phase circuits?

3- balance circuit whether current or voltage are those which have same
frequency and amplitude and are out of phase by 120degree.Phase voltages(<=angle )

an=v<0 0
bn=v<-1200
cn=v<+1200
Represent these as-

Phase Sequence-it is time order in which 3phase quantities pass through their
respective passive values.
Delta and star connection are two types of connections.
Star connection-star connection is made by connecting one end of each of
the three-phase windings together. The voltagemeasured across a single
winding or phase is known as the phase voltage,. The voltage measured
between the lines is known as the line-to-line voltage or simply as the line
voltage. the line voltage is higher than the phase voltage by a factor of the
square root of 3 (1.732). In a star-connected system, phase current and line

current

are

the

same.

Delta connection-three separate inductive loads have been connected to

form a delta connection. This connection receives its name from the fact
that a schematic diagram of this connection resembles the Greek letter delta
().In the delta connection, line voltage and phase voltage are the same. The
line current of a delta connection is higher than the phase current by a factor

of the square root of 3.

Types of connections1 Y Y ( Upper part represents how source is connected &lower part
represents manner in which how node is connected)
2 Y-Y
3 Y (Y-node ,delta connected source)

4 Y
5

Zy=Z<

I~a=V~an/ZY=V<00/Z<00=V<-00/Z

an=V<00

I~b=V~bn/ZY=V<-1200/Z<00=V/Z<-1200-00

cn=V<1200
bn=V<-1200
I~n=I~a+I~b+I~c
=V<-00(1<O0 +1<-1200+<+1200)/Z
=0
2nd caseV~AB=3V<300
I~AB=V~AB/Z=3V<300/Z<=3V<3O-0 /2

I~CA=V~CA/Z=3V<150/Z<=3V<150-/Z
I~a=I~AB-I~CA=3V<--(1<300-1<1500)/Z -3V<-/Z(This is live current=3 times
phase current)
- CONNECTION-

Z=Z<
IAB=V~AB/Za=V<0/Z<
=V<-/Z
I~BC=V~AC/Z=V<-120/Z< = V<-120/Z
I~CA=V<120-</Z
2nd CASE-

V~ab =v<00

V~bc =V<-1200

V~ca =V<1200

KVL in mesh1-Ia Zi + IbZY+Vab=0(as moving from b to a is rise)

Ia-Ib =Vab /ZY -1
KVL in mesh2-IBZY +ICZY+VAB=0
IB-IC=VAB/ZY

-2

IA+IB+IC=0 -3
PUT VALUE OF IC FROM HERE IN 2
2IB+IA =VBC/ZY -4
4-1
3IB =VBC-VAB/ZY=3V<-150/Z<0
3POWERIn balance system main power is three times the balance power

P=3(VPh IPh cos)

Cas1-connected
Hence VPh =Vl & IPh =IL/3
Real power-PSD =3 VPh IPh cos
=3VL (IL 3) cos = 3 VL IL cos
NOW node is Y connected
Hence VPh =Vl/3 & IPh =IL
P= VPN IPN cos
=3VL (IL /3) cos = 3 VL IL cos
Reavtive power Q= 3 VPN IPN sin= 3 VL IL sin
What is the Q in the given circuit?
The circuit is given below in image. Theres a line IN FROM NODE AT J6 to AN
.Since
Since the load is unbalanced so cant use = 3 VL IL sin. Only inductor will use
Q
SL =(220)2/-J6(*J6)

=(220)2 J/6
=SC =(220)2/J3==(220)2 J/3
=SR =(220)2/6
So, P=(220)2/6+=(220)2(1/6-1/3)
Q=(220)2/6
If asked to find neutral current then=IA +IB+IC

THIS IS THE SOL WHEN NO IN LINE.