TENSES

PRESENT
SIMPLE

PRESENT
CONTINUOUS

FORM
(+) VERB /VERB+S/ES
(-) DO/DOES + NOT+INF.
(?) DO/DOES+ SUB+INF+?

(+) AM,/ARE/ IS+V (ING)

(-) AM,/ARE/ IS+ NOT+V(ING)
(?) AM,/ARE/ IS+SUB+V(ING)?

USES
1)
2)
3)
4)

UNIVERSAL TRUTH
FACTS (TRUTH)
ROUTINES, HOBBIES
(FUTURE- TIMETABLE)

1)

ACTIONS HAPPENING AT THE

TALKING TIME
TEMPORARY ACTIONS
(ACTIONS WHICH BREAK AN
USUAL ROUTINE)
FUTURE FIXED AND
ARRANGED ACTIONS
BACHILLERATO: ANNOYING
ACTIONS.
FINISHED PAST ACTIONS
(POINT IN TIME)
A LIST OR CATALOGUE OF
PAST ACTIONS, ONE
FOLLOWS THE OTHER ONE.
THE ACTION WHICH
INTERRUPS ANOTHER
PREVIOUS ACTION IN THE
PAST.

2)
3)
4)
1)

PAST SIMPLE

USED TO

(+) VERB+ ED/ IED/ YED

OR IRREGULAR FORM
(-) DID+ NOT+ INF.
(?) DID+ SUBJ+ INF+?

2)
3)

ROUTINES IN THE PAST

USED TO+ INFINITIVE VERB

1)

PAST
CONTINUOUS

(+) WAS/ WERE+V (ING)

(-) WAS/WERE+ NOT+V(ING)
(?) WAS/WERE+SUB+V(ING)?

IN DESCRIPTIONS (pretrito
imperfect,-aba,-a.)
2) ACTIONS IN PROGRESS IN A
SPECIFIC MOMENT IN THE
PAST.
3) TWO PAST ACTIONS
HAPPENING AT THE SAME
TIME.
4) THE INTERRUPTED ACTION IN
THE PAST.

EXPRESSIONS OR PHRASES

FREQUENCY ADVERBS IN GENERAL.

DAYS OF THE WEEK (ON TUESDAY),
MONTHS (IN SEPTEMBER)
PARTS OF THE DAY ( IN THE MORNING, IN
THE EVENING, , AT NIGHT)
THE TIME (AT THREE OCLOCK, AT HALF
PAST EIGHT, AT A QUARTER TO TEN, AT A
QUARTER PAST FOUR.)

1) NOW, AT THE MOMENT, AT THIS MOMENT.

2) TODAY, THESE DAYS, LATELY, THIS WEEK,
THIS YEAR, THIS MONTH.
3) TOMORROY, ON MONDAY, NEXT WINTER.
4) EXCLAMATION MARKS. !!
1)

YESTERDAY, A DAY AGO, A WEEK AGO, A

MONTH AGO, A YEAR AGO.
2) A VERB, A VERB,
3) PAST CONTINUOUS +WHEN + PAST SIMPLE
VERB

1)

WHEN I WAS A CHILD, WHEN I WAS A GIRL,

WHEN I WAS YOUNGER, IN THOSE DAYS,
IN THOSE YEARS

IT WAS A BEAUTIFUL MORNING, THE SUN

WAS SHINING, THE BIRDS WERE SINGING,
2) AT EIGHT OCLOCK I WAS DOING MY
HOMEWORK AT HOME.
3) HE WAS LISTENING TO MUSIC WHILE HE
WAS TIDYING UP HIS BETHROOM.
4) THE TELEPHONE RANG WHILE HE WAS
HAVING A SHOWER.

TENSES
PRESENT
PERFECT

PRESENT
PERFECT
CONTINUOUS

FORM
(+) HAVE/ HAS+ PAST
PARTICIPLE.
(-) HAVE/ HAS+NOT+PAST
PARTICIPLE.
(?) HAVE/HAS+ SUBJ+PAST
PARTICIPLE?
(+) HAVE/ HAS+BEEN+V(ING)
(-) HAVE/
HAS+NOT+BEEN+V(ING).
(?) HAVE/HAS+
SUBJ+BEEN+V(ING)?

WILL FUTURE

(+) WILL+ INF

(-) WONT+ INF.
(?) WILL+ SUBJ+INF+?

BE GOING TO

AM/ARE/ IS+ GOING TO+ INF.

MODAL VERBS

BARE INFINITIVE !!!!!!!!!!!!!

(+) MODAL+INF
(-) MODAL +NOT+INF
(?) MODAL +SUBJ+INF+C?

USES

EXPRESSIONS OR PHRASES

1) RECENT PAST ACTIONS.

2) VERY RECENT PAST ACTIONS.
( ACABO DE+ INFINITIVO)
3) UNSPECIFIED TIME PAST
ACTIONS BUT STILL VALID AT
PRESENT (PERIOD OF TIME)
(LLEVO+ GERUNDIO)
4) EXPERIENCES.
5) TO ASK ABOUT EXPERIENCES
6) ASKING FOR DURATION

1) I HAVE SEEN YOUR SISTER THIS MORNING.

2) I HAVE JUST SEEN YOUR SISTER
DOWNSTAIRS.
3) I HAVE WORKED IN ORCERA /FOR TWO
YEARS. / SINCE 2008.
4) I HAVE BEEN TO ENGLAND TWICE.
(WATCH OUT: BEEN TO)
5) HAVE YOU EVER TRAVELLED BY PLANE?
6) HOW LONG HAVE YOU KNOWN HER?

1)

1)

2)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
1)
2)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)

IT EMPHASIZES THE
DURATION OF THE ACTION
IT STRESSES THAT THE
ACTION IS STILL IN
PROGRESS.
PREDICTIONS
AGE
SUDDEN DECISTIONS/OFFER
PROMISSES.
OPINIONS : I THINK
WISHES(SUBJUNTIVO)
UNARRANGED PLANS OR
INTENTIONS FOR THE NEAR
FUTURE.
EVIDENT UNFIXED FUTURE.
PERMISSION
(USTED, SU SEORA)
PROBABILITY
OBLIGATION
POSIBILITY
CONDITIONALS

I HAVE BEEN PAINTING THIS PICTURE FOR 6

MONTHS!!!!!!!!!!!!!
2) I HAVE BEEN DOING THE WASHING UP ALL
THIS MORNING.
1) WEATHER, HOROSCOPES, HAND TELLING
2) NEXT YEAR MY SON WILL BE NINE.
3) ILL HAVE A COKE, PLEASE!/ ILL DO IT.
4) ILL BE A GOOD GIRL. I WONT DO IT AGAIN.
5) I THINK HELL LIKE IT.
6) PERHAPS, I HOPE, I WISH
1) AT WEEKEND, ON FRIDAY, WHEN I GET OLDER.
2)BLACK CLOUDS/ A BANANA ON THE FLOOR/ A
CHILD LEANING OUT OF A WINDOW/
IT IS GOING TO RAIN.
1) (- ) CAN, COULD, MAY, MIGHT(+)
2) (- ) CAN, COULD, MAY, MIGHT(+)
3) (-) MIGHT, MAY, COULD, CAN (+)
4) (-) SHOULD, MUST, HAVE TO+ INF (+)
5) (-) MIGHT, MAY, COULD, CAN, MUST, HAVE TO
6) (-) COULD, WOULD