UNIT 2 DC Machines

PART A
1. Give methods adopted to reduce the effect of armature reaction in a DC machine.
2. List the advantages of lap winding in a DC
3. State the relationship between number of armature coils and number of commutator segments
in a dc machine.
4. State different losses in a dc generator.
5. What are the main dimensions of a rotating machine?
6. Define specific magnetic loading.
7. Define specific electric loading
8. What is output equation?
9. Write the expressions for output co-efficient
10. List the factors that influences the separation of D and L of a dc machine .
11. What is square pole criterion?
12. In a dc machine what are the limiting values of armature peripheral speed and voltage
between adjacent commutator segments .
13. List the various L/ used for separation of D and L in induction motor.
14. What are the factors that affect the size of the rotating machines?
15. What are the factors that decide the choice of specific magnetic loading?
16. What are the factors that decide the choice of specific electric loading?
17. What are the factors to be considered for the selection of number of poles in a dc machine?
18. List the advantages and disadvantages of large number of poles.
19. Why square poles preferred?
20. What is the effect of interpole on main pole?
21. Give the main parts of a d.c motor.
22. Write the guiding factors for choice of number of armature slots of D.C machine.
23. Define brush contact loss.
24. What are the main parts of a DC generator?
25. Distinguish between lap and wave winding in a D.C.machine.
26. What are dummy coils?
27. What is meant by equalizer connections?
PART- B
1. A 250 kW, 500V, 600 r.p.m. d.c. generator is built with an armature diameter of 0.75m and a
core length of 0.3m. The lap connected armature has 720 conductors. Using the data obtained
from this machine, determine the armature diameter, core length, number of armature slots,
armature conductors and commutator segments for a 350kW, 440V, 720 r.p.m 6pole d.c.
generator. Assume a square pole face with ratio of pole arc to pole pitch equal to 0.66. The
full load efficiency is 0.91 and the internal voltage drop is 4% of rated voltage.The diameter
of commutator is 0.7 of armature diameter. The pitch of commutator segments should not be
less than 4mm. The voltage between adjacent segments should not exceed 15Vat no load.
2. Explain the design procedure for the shunt field winding of D.C.machine.
3. Derive the output equation of a d.c machine and point out its salient features.
4. State and explain the factors which govern the choice of specfic magnetic loading in a dc
machine.
5. Discuss the factors that influence the choice of number of poles of a dc machine.

6. Design a shunt field coil of a dc motor from the following data: Field ampere turns/pole=9000
Mean length of turn=1.4m,
Depth of coil=35X10-3m
Voltage across field coil=40V
Resistivity of wire=0.021 ohm/m and mm2. Thickness of insulating varnish=0.2mm, Power
dissipation from total surface of the coil <700W/m2. Check your design for power dissipation.
7. State and explain the factors which govern the choice of specific magnetic loading in a dc
machine.
8. A 5kW, 250V, 4 pole, 1500 rpm dc shunt generator is designed to have a square pole face. The
average magnetic flux density in the air gap is 0.42wb/m 2 and ampere conductors per meter =
15,000. Compute the main dimensions of the machine. Assume full load efficiency = 87%. The
ratio of pole arc to pole pitch = 0.66.
9. Compute suitable dimensions of armature core of a dc generator which is rated 50kW. P =4,
N=600rpm. Full load terminal voltage is 220V. Maximum gap flux density is 0.83 wb/m 2 and
specific electric loading is 30,000 Ampere conductors/ metre. Full load armature voltage drop
is 3 % of rated terminal voltage. Field current is 1% of full load current. Ratio of pole arc to
pole pitch is 0.67 pole face is a square.
10. A 4 pole 50 HP dc shunt motor operates with rated voltage of 480 volts at rated speed of 600
rpm. I has wave wound armature with 770 conductors. The leakage factor of the poles is 1.2.
The poles are of circular cross section. The flux density in the poles is 1.5 Wb/m 2. Compute
diameter of each pole.
11. Find the main dimensions of 200kW, 250V, 6 pole, and 1000rpm dc generator. The maximum
value of flux density in the air gap is 0.87wb/m 2. And the ampere conductors per meter length
of armature periphery are 31000. The ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0.67 and the efficiency is
91%. Assume that the ratio of length of core to pole pitch = 0.75.
12. A rectangular field coil of a dc machine is to produce an mmf of 7500 ampere turns when
dissipating 220W at a temperature of 60 degree Celsius. The inner dimensions of the coil are :
length = 0.24 metre. Width = 0.1 metre. Height of the coil = 0.15 metre. The heat dissipation is
30 w/m2/0C from the outer surface neglecting the top and bottom surfaces of the coil. The
temperature of the ambient air is 20 degree Celsius. Compute the thickness of the coil.
Resistivity of copper is 0.02 ohms/m.
13. A 4 pole, 500V, 600rpm, series motor has an efficiency of 82%. The pole face is square and the
ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0.67. Take Bav is 0.55 wb/ m2 and ac = 17000 amp
conductor/m. Obtain the main diameters of the core and particulars of a suitable armature
winding.
14. Enumerate the design of lap winding for a dc machine.
15. Enumerate the design of wave winding for a dc machine.
16. Compare lap winding and wave winding of dc machine.