Hafalan singkat :

1. Sekitar 30% dari protein di dalam tubuh manusia adalah kolagen

2. Kolagen tipe 1 lebih kuat dari pada baja
3. Kolagen lebih sering di temukan di dalam tubuh di bagian kulit, tulang dan
jaringan ikat
4. Selain memberikan kekuatan dan keelastisan pada kulit, kolagen juga
berfungsi menggantikan sel kulit yang mati
5. Produksi kolagen mulai berkurang ketika berumur 40 tahun
Sumber : medicalnewstoday.com <<
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/262881.php >>

1. How does the basic structural triple helix of collagen arise?

The triple-helical structure of collagen arises from an unusual abundance of
three amino acids: glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline. These amino acids make
up the characteristic repeating motif Gly-Pro-X, where X can be any amino acid.
Each amino acid has a precise function. The side chain of glycine, an H atom, is
the only one that can fit into the crowded center of a three-stranded helix.
Hydrogen bonds linking the peptide bond NH of a glycine residue with a peptide
carbonyl (CO) group in an adjacent polypeptide help hold the three chains
together. The fixed angle of the CN peptidyl-proline or peptidyl-hydroxyproline
bond enables each polypeptide chain to fold into a helix with a geometry such
that three polypeptide chains can twist together to form a three-stranded helix.
Interestingly, although the rigid peptidyl- proline linkages disrupt the packing of
amino acids in an helix, they stabilize the rigid three-stranded collagen helix.
Sumber : ncbi.nlm.nih.gov << http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21582/ >>
2. What damages collage?

High sugar consumption: a diet high in sugar increases the rate of

glycation, a process whereby sugar in the blood attaches to proteins to form new
molecules called advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs damage
adjacent proteins and can make collagen dry, brittle, and weak.
Smoking: many of the chemicals present in tobacco smoke damage both

collagen and elastin in the skin. Nicotine also narrows the blood vessels in the
outer layers of the skin, which is also bad for the skin's health. 23
Sunlight: Ultraviolet rays in sunlight cause collagen to break down at an

increased rate, damaging collagen fibers and inducing the accumulation of

abnormal elastin. Abnormal elastin leads to the production of an enzyme that can
also break down collagen. This process can lead to the formation of solar scars. 24
Autoimmune disorders: Some autoimmune disorders cause antibodies to
target collagen. Mutations to the genes responsible for the coding of collagen
alpha-chains can affect the extracellular matrix, leading to a decrease in the

amount of collagen secreted, or to the secretion of dysfunctional mutant

collagen.1
Sumber : Sumber : medicalnewstoday.com <<
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/262881.php >>