Cases 1

Beta2-agonist and aminophylline drugs are used for the treatment of asthma and
work by opening the airways to help people breathe more easily. Both drugs can
be given intravenously (IV) (directly through a vein). The question this review
considered was whether there was any important difference between these drugs
for patients with acute asthma. This review examined all the randomised
controlled trials comparing IV beta2-agonists to aminophylline.
We found 11 studies involving 350 patients (157 children and 193 adults) with
acute asthma. No consistent evidence favouring either IV beta2-agonists or IV
aminophylline was found from randomised trials of patients with acute asthma. It
is recommended that these results should be viewed carefully alongside the
conclusions from separate Cochrane reviews comparing IV beta2-agonists plus
inhaled beta2-agonists versus inhaled beta2-agonists alone and IV aminophylline
plus inhaled beta2-agonists versus inhaled beta2-agonists alone.
- See more at: http://summaries.cochrane.org/CD010256/AIRWAYS_intravenousbeta2-agonists-and-intravenous-aminophylline-for-acuteasthma#sthash.eKDVbOYn.dpuf
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Kasus 1
1. Apakah terapi menggunakan oksigen Dan nebulizer polmutcort
sudah tepat diberikan kepada yang menderita asma?
Alamat yang digunakan

http://www.webmd.com/asthma/guide/home-nebulizer-therapy

http://www.ehow.com/facts_6180917_nebulizer-treatmentconsidered-oxygen-therapy_.html

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asthma therapies using oxygen and nebulizer Pulmicort

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1. Nebulizer Therapy
o

A nebulizer treatment delivers liquid, prescription medicine in a

fine mist. Inhaling the mist, through a mouth piece or mask, takes
the medicine right into your lungs. A small air compressor, or
pressurized oxygen, makes the mist. The nebulizer therapy is
complete after the medicine is used up, usually in 10 to 20 minutes.
Most patients use nebulizer therapy two to four times a day, but
rarely more than once every two hours, to treat lung disorders.
Asthma is a condition often treated with nebulizer therapy.

Oxygen Therapy
o

Your brain, your heart, and everything else, right down to your hair
follicles, needs oxygen. Your lungs take it in, saturate your blood
with it, and your heart pumps it to your body which cannot store its
own oxygen. If your lungs or heart don't work well your doctor
may prescribe oxygen, usually by a cannula, a small tube strapped
under your nose, at 2 to 4 L per minute. Oxygen is usually used 24
hours a day, or during sleep, but never intermittently for a few
minutes, a few times a day.

Nebulizers: Home and Portable

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A nebulizer changes medication from a liquid to a mist so that it can be more

easily inhaled into the lungs. Nebulizers are particularly effective in delivering
asthma medications to infants and small children and to anyone who has difficulty
using an asthma inhaler.
It is also convenient when a large dose of an inhaled medication is needed.
Nebulized therapy is often called a "breathing treatment." And a variety of
medications -- both for immediate relief and maintenance of asthma symptoms -are available for use with a nebulizer.
Nebulizers come in home (tabletop) and portable models. Home nebulizers are
larger and must be plugged into an electrical outlet. Portable nebulizers run on
batteries -- either disposable or rechargeable -- or can be plugged into a car's
cigarette lighter. Smaller, portable units are slightly larger than a deck of cards, so

they can be carried in a purse, briefcase, or backpack to be used whenever and

wherever you need them.
To obtain a nebulizer, you need a prescription from your doctor, or it can be
dispensed from your pediatricians office. (Oftentimes, a breathing treatment is
administered at the doctors office.)
Home nebulizers vary in cost, ranging from about $50 and up, plus the cost of
accessories.
Portable nebulizers usually cost a little more than home nebulizers. Both are
usually covered under the durable medical equipment portion of health insurance
policies. But, most insurance companies will require you to work with a specified
durable medical equipment supplier. Check with your insurance company before
purchasing or renting a nebulizer to ensure it will be covered. Your health care
provider should be able to assist you with these arrangements.
10 Worst Cities for Asthma
How Do I Use a Nebulizer?

To use a nebulizer, you will need the following supplies:

Air compressor

Nebulizer cup

Mask or mouthpiece

Medication (either unit dose vials or bottles with measuring

devices)

Compressor tubing

Once you have the necessary supplies:

Place the air compressor on a sturdy surface that will support its
weight. Plug the cord from the compressor into a properly
grounded (three-prong) electrical outlet.

Before asthma treatment, wash your hands with soap and water
and dry completely.

Carefully measure medications exactly as you have been

instructed and put them into the nebulizer cup. Most

medications today come in premeasured unit dose vials so

measuring is not necessary. If you do measure, use a separate,
clean measuring device for each medication.

Assemble the nebulizer cup and mask or mouthpiece.

Connect the tubing to both the aerosol compressor and nebulizer

cup.

Turn on the compressor to make sure it is working correctly. You

should see a light mist coming from the back of the tube
opposite the mouthpiece.

Sit up straight on a comfortable chair. If the treatment is for your

child, he or she may sit on your lap. If you are using a mask,
position it comfortably and securely on your or your child's face.
If you are using a mouthpiece, place it between your or your
child's teeth and seal the lips around it.

Take slow, deep breaths. If possible, hold each breath for 2-3
seconds before breathing out. This allows the medication to
settle into the airways.

Continue the treatment until the medication is gone (an average

of 10 minutes). The nebulizer will make a sputtering noise, and
the cup will have just a little medication remaining.

If dizziness or jitteriness occurs, stop the treatment and rest for

about 5 minutes. Continue the treatment, and try to breathe
more slowly. If dizziness or jitteriness continues to be a problem
with future treatments, inform your health care provider.

During the treatment, if the medication sticks to the sides of the nebulizer cup,
you may shake the cup to loosen the droplets.
Using a portable nebulizer is similar to using a home nebulizer, except that you
don't need to plug it in. Most models are small enough to hold in your hand during
use.

Read more : http://www.ehow.com/facts_6180917_nebulizer-treatmentconsidered-oxygen-therapy_.html

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