Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources
Articles & Reports
Picturing the Presidency: President Reagan and the Cold War. Simi Valley: The Ronald Reagan
Presidential Library & Museum: Education Department, n.d. PDF.
In email communication with Myra Cohen, Educational Director, I received information
regarding President Reagans foreign policy during the Cold War. I was able to use this
information to further my understanding of his foreign policy and quote it on the Cold
War, Worldwide Freedom and Reagans Views on Communism pages.

Books
Matlock, Jack F. Reagan and Gorbachev: How the Cold War Ended. New York: Random House,
2004. Print.
This book was able to provide me with incite about the roles of Reagan and Gorbachev in
ending the Cold War. I used a quote from this book on my End of the Cold War page to
make the point that even though the Cold War ended after Reagan left office, It was
basically over before he left. The end of the Cold War is often mentioned as Reagans
greatest legacy. This book is written by Jack Matlock who was an American Ambassador
during Reagans presidency.
Reagan, Michael, and Jim Denney. The New Reagan Revolution: How Ronald Reagan's
Principles Can Restore America's Greatness. New York: Thomas Dunne /St. Martin's,
2011. Print.
After interviewing Michael Reagan I became more interested in hearing more from him
so my mom purchased this book. I was able to obtain even more information about
Ronald Reagan, his history and his views from this book from Michael Reagans
firsthand account of events. I used some additional quotes from Michael Reagan from
this source. I felt it was important to use a quote of the phrase Great Communicator on
the Legacy section as this was one of his nicknames.

Reagan, Ronald. An American Life. Simon & Schuster Hardcover ed. New York: Simon &
Schuster, 2011.
This is the autobiography of Ronald Reagan. It is his personal story about his life which
gives a firsthand account. I used a quote from this book to illustrate his Reagan Doctrine
policy.
Reagan, Ronald. Speaking My Mind: Selected Speeches. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989.
Print.
This is a book of selected speeches from Ronald Reagan. There is also comments from
Reagan regarding the various speeches. This helped me to see his personal thoughts and
beliefs in regards to the speeches.
Reagan, Ronald, and Douglas Brinkley. The Reagan Diaries. New York: HarperCollins, 2007.
Print.
Ronald Reagan kept a diary throughout his presidency. This is a book of his diary
entries. I used this book to look up his thoughts regarding key events I was researching.
I found it interesting to read his personal thoughts during these critical events.
Reagan, Ronald, Kiron K. Skinner, Annelise Graebner Anderson, and Martin Anderson. "Foreign
Policy." Reagan, in His Own Hand. New York: Free, 2001. 21- 66. Print.
This section shows that even before his presidency, Reagan was developing his own
beliefs on how foreign policy should be. He was against communism and believed we
needed a strong military. I didnt used quotes from this section, but I used ideas.
Shultz, George Pratt. Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State. New York:
Scribner's, 1993. Print.
Prior to my interview with George Shultz I was able to obtain his book from the public
library. I was able to use this book to prepare for my interview and to obtain additional
information about Ronald Reagans foreign policy and the events during his presidency.
Mr. Shultz gives a firsthand account of events during the Reagan presidency as well as
insight regarding his leadership and legacy.
Zubok, V. M. A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev.
Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina, 2007. Print.

I found a great quote in this book to use on the Military Strength page. It is a quote from
Mikhail Gorbachev admitting that the arms race did have an effect on the Soviets because
they were unable to keep up.

Documents
Records of the Geneva Summit Meetings Declassified document at the Ronald Reagan
Presidential Library. 10 Apr. 2015.
While visiting the Reagan Presidential Library the second time I was able to view copies
of some of the documents. I looked over the meetings at the Geneva Summit. I found an
interesting quote that I felt portrayed the importance of the Geneva talks which I used on
the Geneva Summit page.
Tear Down This Wall Document. Image. Web. 9 Nov. 2014.
http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2007/summer/berlin.html
This is an image of a page from President Reagans famous speech at the Berlin Wall in
1987 obtained from the US National Archives. I found this to be an interesting artifact
from the actual Berlin Wall speech by Reagan.
The Moscow Summit: Memo from George Shultz to President Reagan . Image. Web. 15 Feb.
2015. http://www.thereaganfiles.com/19880500-shultz-to-reagan.pdf
I embedded this memo from George Shultz to President Reagan regarding the Moscow
Summit. It speaks of the fact that the Moscow visit was the first presidential visit to
Moscow in 14 years and provided suggestions for talking points for the summit. I found
this an interesting example of an official government document associated with the
summits.

Interviews
Churchill, Ward. Skype interview. 20 Feb 2015.
Mr. Churchill agreed to do a skype interview. He provided a criticism of Reagan and his
policies. It was obvious that he was not fond of Reagan or his policies and believed his
legacy was a legacy of destruction and problems.
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Glass, Tony. Email interview. 19 Feb. 2015.

Mr. Glass is the curator and archivist at the Eureka College Reagan Museum. He
answered questions regarding Reagans leadership, the Leadership Letters and Reagans
legacy. I was able to use several quotes from Mr. Glass that related to my project.
McCollum, Bill. Phone interview. 20 Feb. 2015
This interview was conducted by phone. Mr. McCollum is on the board of directors of
the American Security Council Foundation. He talked about the Peace through Strength
policy, Reagans impact/legacy and comparison of todays policies.
Massie, Suzanne. Phone interview. 19 Feb. 2015.
This interview was conducted by phone. Ms. Massie consulted with Reagan during his
presidency regarding Russia/Russians. She told some interesting stories about advice she
had given to President Reagan and how he used this to improve the negotiations and
relations.
McFarlane, Robert. Phone interview. 9 Apr. 2015.
This interview was conducted by phone. Mr. McFarlane was a National Security Adviser
for President Reagan. He was the leading architect for SDI. He gave me great
information on the history of how and why SDI was created and the importance of
Reagans legacy today.
Morris, Edmund. Phone interview 23 Jan 2015.
This interview was conducted by phone. Mr. Morris wrote a biography of Ronald
Reagan. He shared some great information about the time he spent with Reagan during
his presidency and gave some amazing insight to his leadership and legacy.
Reagan, Michael. Phone phone interview. 13 Nov. 2014.
I conducted a phone interview with Michael Reagan. He told some great stories about his
father and gave his personal viewpoint regarding Reagans leadership and legacy. This
was my favorite interview because of his personal stories.
Shultz, George. Phone interview. 4 Dec. 2014.
George Shultz was Ronald Reagans Secretary of State for most of his presidency. I
spoke with Mr. Shultz on the phone and was able to ask him several questions about
Reagans leadership and legacy. He gave me firsthand accounts of key events and his
personal take on Ronald Reagan.
Smith, Donald. Phone interview. 26 Feb. 2015.
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General Donald Smith is the ASCF Chairman. He served in the military for many years.
He was able to give me insight on how Reagans policies affected changes in the military
compared to previous presidents. He also shared additional information about the peace
through strength doctrine.

Photographs
A Time for Choosing. Photograph. Web. 21 Sept. 2014. http://ulstermanbooks.com/timechoosing-video-message/
This photograph and quote were used from Reagans famous A Time For Choosing
Speech. I used it on my Reagans views on communism page.
B-1 Bomber. Photograph. Web. 15 Feb. 2015. < http://www.aviationspectator.com/moreaviation-photos?page=4>
This is a photo of a B-1 bomber. I used this photo next to a quote that discusses the
buildup of the B-1 bomber program by Reagan and previous presidents had nearly
eliminated the program.
Bay Area supportniks demonstrate in the 1980s support of Soviet Jews. photo/courtesy of eva
seligman-kennard Photograph. Web. 21 Feb. 2015
http://www.jweekly.com/article/full/40357/refuseniks-to-look-back-and-ahead-at-paloalto-jcc/
This is a photograph depicting demonstrators for the freedom of the Soviet
Jews/Refuseniks. I used this to illustrate the quote given by Michael Reagan about the
Refuseniks.
Bill McCollum. Photograph. Web. 20 Feb. 2015.
http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/news/state-regional/rider-tacked-on-life-insurancebill-to-give-mccoll/nL6BS/
This is a photograph I used of Bill McCollum, member of the ASCF board, on my
interview page.
Collapse of the U.S.S.R. Photograph. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.
http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB293/wall%20coming%20down.jpg
This is a photograph of the Berlin Wall coming down. The fall of the wall is a symbol of
the collapse of the U.S.S.R. In this photo you can see the stark differences between

communist and democratic sides of Germany. I used this photo to identify the link on the
Impact page to the Collapse of the U.S.S.R. page.
Credit desk plaque. Photograph. Web. 10 Jan. 2015. <http://jjusa.org/wpcontent/uploads/2013/03/6842321689_469c92d517_z.jpg>
This is a photograph of a famous plaque Ronald Reagan had on his desk. Michael
Reagan made a reference to this quote during my interview with him. It demonstrates
Reagans modesty when it came to taking credit.
Fall of the Berlin Wall Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of the Cold War:
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2,
2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.
This is a photograph showing a man tearing down the Berlin Wall. The fall became a
symbol of the end of the Cold War. This photo shows the German people directly
involved in tearing down the wall. I used this source for a number of images for my
website, and I have chosen to cite each image because each image is being used on
different sections of my site, and I feel that they are independent of each other. My
annotations for each image will explain how the image was ultimately used.
General Electric Progress. Photograph. Web. 10 Oct. 2014.
<https://lvgaldieri.wordpress.com/2014/08/11/a-fourth-note-on-the-first-ceo-the-postwarprovenance/>
This is a photo of Ronald Reagan during his days as a spokesman for General Electric as
he worked for their public relations. Many believe it was during this time that he
converted to conservatist viewpoint.
George C. Marshall. Photograph. Web. 10 Oct. 2014.
http://www.enterprisecioforum.com/en/bolgs/jdobbs/leadership-lessons-gen-george-cmarshall
This is a photograph of George C. Marshall which I used next to a quote from him
regarding the Cold War.
George Shultz and Ronald Reagan. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of
the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2,
2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.

This is a photograph of Ronald Reagan walking and talking with his secretary of state,
George Shultz. I used this photograph from a book I purchased that had an attached
DVD with many photographs. This image was used next to a quote about the fact that
Reagan and Shultz did not agree with the policy of dtente.
INF Treaty. Photograph. Personal Photograph at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. 10
Apr. 2015.
This is a personal photograph taken at the Reagan Library of the official INF treaty
currently on display there. I was able to view this when I went to the Reagan Library the
second time.
INF Treaty Signing. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of the Cold War:
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2,
2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.
This is a photograph of Reagan and Gorbachev signing the INF arms reduction
agreement. I felt this was a very important to include a photograph of this significant
event in negotiations with the Soviets.
Iron Dome. Photograph. Web. 14 Feb. 2015.
<http://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/07/10/israels_iron_dome_antirocket_system_
changing_face_of_battle.html>
This is a photograph to depict the Iron Dome technology. In both interviews and research
I found that the Iron Dome is an example of the impact the SDI technology had on the
world. This is an important part of the Israel defense system.
Leonid Brezhnev Photograh, quote. Web. 9 Nov. 2014. <http://izquotes.com/quote/213177>
Leonid Brezhnez was the Secretary General of the Soviet Union for 18 years during the
Cold War. This image illustrates his definition of dtente and that it was to be a peaceful
means of solving conflicts.
Margaret Thatcher. Photograph. Web. 9 Nov. 2014. <http://www.thedailysheeple.com/margaretthatcher-dead-at-87_042013>
This is a photograph of Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. She
was a world leader at the time of the Reagan presidency and she had great admiration for
Reagan and his accomplishments.

Mikahil Gorbachev. Photograph. Web. 11 Jan. 2015.

<http://www.writespirit.net/authors/mikhail-gorbachev/gorbachev-biography/>
This is a photograph of Mikhail Gorbachev which I used next to a quote from him
regarding the Geneva Summit page.
Military Collage. Photograph. Web. 11 Apr. 2015. <http://floridapundit.com/wpcontent/uploads/2010/01/us_military_collage_zus6-300x258.jpg>
This is a photo collage of the U.S. military. I used this photo to identify the link on the
impact page to the military strength page. It helps to show the impact of Reagans
influence on military might.
Naval Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 11 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.public.navy.mil/surfor/ddg62/Photos/121025-N-ZZ999-201.jpg>
This photograph shows a U.S. naval ship with a missile defense system, shooting off an
anti-missile interceptor. I used this to identify the link on the Impact page to the SDI
technology page. It illustrates the concept of how SDI impacted our current defense
system.
Official Portrait of President Ronald Reagan. Photograph. Courtesy Ronald Reagan Library.
Web. 11 Jan. 2015. <http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/photo.html>
Peace through Strength. Photograph. Web. 9 Oct. 2014.
http://www.brandchannel.com/home/post/2012/12/14/Reagan-Peace-Through-Strength121412.aspx
This is an image of Reagan next to the saying Peace through Strength. I used this image
in my header photos as it was a focus of the Reagan administration and it is a major part
of my project. The theme of Peace through Strength is found throughout my website.
People dancing on the Berlin Wall. Photograph. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.
<http:www.globalpeaceproject.net/proven-results/case-studies/global-peace-end-of-thecold-war/>
The photo is of people dancing on the Berlin Wall as it was about to fall. This was an
important event and this photo shows the excitement of the people with the change that
was happening in Germany.
Reagan with Flag Backdrop. Photograph. Web. 9 Nov. 2014.
http://www.history.com/photos/ronald-reagan/photo1
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This is a photograph of Reagan with the U.S. flag as the background. I used this photo
because I thought it was a good image of Ronald Reagan to portray his strength.
Richard M. Nixon. Photograph. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. <http://www.archives.gov/presidentiallibraries/events/centennials/nixon/>
This is an official photograph of President Richard Nixon which I used next to a quote
from him regarding the Cold War and communism.
Reagan Oval Office. Photograph. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. <http://dailysignal.com/wpcontent/uploads/reagan_ovaloffice_130205.jpg>
This is a photograph of President Reagan working at his desk in the Oval Office. I used
this photo as a depiction on my Reagan Doctrine page.
Refusniks. Photograph. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/images/People/sharanskys.jpg>
This image is of Soviet Jews (Refusniks) that obtained freedom as a result of President
Reagans efforts to improve Soviet human rights. It illustrates a personal effect of global
policies. I used this to illustrate part of Reagans legacy of worldwide freedom.
Refusenik, Natan Sharansky. Photograph. 10 Apr. 2015. Personal Photograph. Ronald Reagan
Presidential Library.
While on my second visit to the Ronald Reagan Library I saw a picture of Natan
Sharansky meeting Ronald Reagan. I already had a picture of Mr. Sharansky calling
President Reagan to thank him and decided to also include this picture on my site as a
further illustration of Reagans legacy of worldwide freedom.
Robert McFarlane. Photograph. Web. 8 Apr. 2015.
<https://johnib.wordpress.com/2012/12/29/best-advice-in-my-life/>
This is a photograph of Robert McFarlane, National Security Adviser. He is a member of
the ASCF board. I used the photograph on my interview page.
Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev in Geneva. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence,
and the End of the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley,
California, November 2, 2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical
Collections, 2011. Print.

I used 2 images from this collection to depict pictures from the Geneva Summit. This
was the 2 superpowers first meeting. The first picture shows the 2 men sitting casually
by a fire and speaking. The second picture they are on a couch surrounded by other
government officials.
Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev at the Moscow Summit. Photograph. Ronald Reagan,
Intelligence, and the End of the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi
Valley, California, November 2, 2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency,
Historical Collections, 2011. Print.
This photograph shows Reagan and Gorbachev standing in the famous Moscow Red
Square. Reagan traveled to Moscow to ratify the INF Treaty. He spoke of human rights
and wanted to tour the Red Square and meet the Russian people.
Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev in Reykjavik. Photographs. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence,
and the End of the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley,
California, November 2, 2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical
Collections, 2011. Print.
I used 2 pictures from this collection of Reagan and Gorbachev together in Reykjavik.
The first picture is the house in Reykjavik were the summit was held. The second picture
depicts the 2 men walking away from the failed negotiations. The picture appears to
show the disappointment of the meeting.
Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev in Reykjavik. Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. Web.
29 Dec. 2014. http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/gorby.html
This is 2 photographs of Reagan and Gorbachev at the Reykjavik Summit. The first
photograph shows them standing outside of the Reykjavik house. The second photograph
shows them sitting and speaking. These pictures depict the beginnings of some very
important negotiation talks for arms control.
Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev at the Washington Summit. Photograph. Ronald Reagan
Presidential Library. Web. 29 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/gorby.html>
This photograph shows Reagan and Gorbachev sitting and speaking in front of the oval
office desk during the Washington Summit. I feel this photograph shows the success felt
by both men at this summit.
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Ronald Reagan at Moscow State University. Photograph. Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.
Web. 15 Feb. 2015. http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB251/
This photograph is of President Reagan addressing the Soviet people at Moscow State
University. Reagan discussed the problems with communism and the alternative. This
photograph is an example of Reagans attempts to reach out the people of the Soviet
Union.
Ronald Reagan : Tear down This Wall. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of
the Cold War: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2,
2011. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.
This is a picture of Ronald Reagan giving his famous Tear down This Wall speech. I
felt it was important to use this picture on the page discussing the fall of the Berlin Wall.
This was Reagans call to Gorbachev to show progress in human rights and the ending of
the Cold War.
Screen Actors Guild logo. Photograph. Web. 10 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/screen-actors-guild-awards-voting-276980>
This is an image of the Screen Actors Guild logo. I used this image to depict Ronald
Reagans involvement as president of the SAG when he began his fight against
communism.
SDI announcement. Web. 7 Nov. 2014.
http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs
This is a photograph of President Reagan making the announcement of the Strategic
Defense Initiative. This announcement was made in a national address to the American
public. I used this photo as I found the announcement to be an important component of
the plan to increase the military buildup and negotiate from a position of strength. I used
this photo in my header photos as SDI was an essential part of my project.
Suzanne Massie and Ronald Reagan. Photograph. Web. 20 Feb. 2015.
http://www.suzannemassie.com/images/reaganYears/reagan-3_th.jpg
This is a photograph of Suzanne Massie and Ronald Reagan together in the White House.
Ms. Massie was a consultant to President Reagan on Russian culture and history. She
had many visits to the White House to meet to consult.

11

U.S. Aircraft. Photograph. Web. 12 Apr. 2015.

http://www.haaretz.com/polopoly_fs/1.404347.1325150096!/image/2134991539.jpg_gen
/derivatives/landscape_640/2134991539.jpg
This is an image of a U.S. aircraft carrier. I used it to illustrate the military buildup that
Reagan supported during his presidency. The aircraft carrier shows the might of the U.S.
military.

U.S. Starts Firing Air Controllers. Photograph. Web. 16 Feb. 2015.

http://www.courant.com/courant-250/moments-in-history/hc-day-in-history-august20140728-006-photo.html
This is an image of a newspaper article about the air traffic controllers strike of 1981 and
Reagans response. I used to illustrate a comment Edmund Morris made about Reagans
strength of character.
U.S. Submarine. Photograph. Web. 2 Apr. 2015. <http://www.wired.com/2013/01/secret-subdesign/
This is an image of a U.S. submarine. It is another example of the military buildup of the
Reagan presidency. Reagan improved the military all branches as part of his peace
through strength doctrine.
Ward Churchill. Photograph. Web. 15 Feb. 2015. http://www.counterpunch.org/2014/01/31/insearch-of-ward-churchill/
This is a photograph of Ward Churchill which I used on the interview page.

Political Cartoons
Berlin Wall. Cartoon. Web. 9 Oct. 2014. <http://riseandfallofberlinwall.weebly.com/politicalcartoons.html>
This image depicts Reagan riding off into the sunset on a horse through a hole in the
Berlin Wall. I found this to be an interesting illustration of the end of Reagans political
career and part of his legacy.
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ColdWarCartoon1953_thumb. Cartoon. Web. 22 Nov. 2014.

https://domesticempire.files.wordpress.com/2014/03/cold-war-cartoon-bycummings_full.jpg
I used this political cartoon to illustrate the theory of Mutually Assured Destruction. I felt
it helped to illustrate the tensions that existed during the Cold War and the possibility of
destruction from both sides.
Dtente. Cartoon. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. http://phbond.pbworks.com/w/page/26235360/Period
%201%3A%20%20The%20Cold%20War%20(Nixon%20to%20Reagan)
This image shows an American leader and a Soviet leader shaking hands as a depiction of
peaceful dtente negotiations. The Soviet leader is handcuffed to the Soviet people
representing that they were not a free people.
Reagan Monument Cartoon. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.
<http://img.docstoccdn.com/thumb/orig/112332038.png>
This cartoon illustrates a monument to President Reagan alongside gravestone for the
Berlin Wall, Cold War, and the Soviet Union. I felt this fit very well with my site and
specifically next to the audio quote from Edmund Morris about Reagans monuments.

Speeches
President Reagan Addresses the Nation from the Oval Office on National Security. Video. Web.
10 Oct. 2014. < http://www.reaganfoundation.org/>
This is a short video clip of President Reagan announcing SDI. I felt it was important to
use this video in my project and the SDI project was a very important part of the peace
through strength policy, Soviet negotiations and the ending of the Cold War.
Address to the Nation on the Meetings with Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev in Iceland
October 13, 1986. Website. 2 Apr. 2015.
http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1986/101386a.htm
After reading that Reagan addressed the nation after his meetings in Reykjavik with
Gorbachev, I was curious to see what he said. The talks were thought of as a failure by
13

many but Reagan refused to give up SDI and bring home a bad deal. I used a quote from
this speech to illustrate that point on the Reykjavik Summit page.
"Reagan at Brandenburg Gate Tear Down This Wall"" YouTube. YouTube. Web. 7 Dec. 2014.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YtYdjbpBk6A
These are some of Reagan's remarks from during his "Tear Down This Wall" speech in
front of the Berlin Wall. The gives the viewer the opportunity to hear s Reagan's actual
words as he called on Gorbachev to tear down the wall in a symbol of freedom.
Reagan, Ronald. Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Ronald Reagan: 1988-89.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O., 1990. Print. Cold War
This collection of Reagans writings and speeches contained the transcript of a radio
address from 1988, in which the President stated peace through strength works. Since
this statement corresponds to my thesis statement I decided to use it on my home page.
A Time For Choosing. Speech. Web. 10 Nov. 2014.
Ronald Reagan gave a speech during the 1964 U.S. presidential election campaign for
Barry Goldwater. It was said to have electrified the public. Many of the statements made
are believed to still apply to the world today. I was able to hear parts of this speech when
I visited the Reagan Library.

Websites
Reagan Diary Entry 10 Oct. 1983. Web. 10 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.reaganfoundation.org/white-house-diary.aspx>
I used this site to locate Reagans actually words in his journal entry after he watched The
Day After movie on October 10, 1983. I was actually able to see a digital image of
Reagans actual handwritten journal entry on this day while visiting the Reagan Library.

Secondary Sources
Articles
An Essay: Reagan & His Legacy." Furthermore. Web. 14 Sept. 2014.
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<http://klsouth.wordpress.com/reagan/>.
This site provided important points of his legacy, videos, pictures and key dates.
Watching the videos and seeing the pictures allowed me to see what he was like. This
site helped me identify key dates to do more research on.
Aron, Leon. "Reagan's Leadership Won Cold War." USA Today 24 Jan. 2011. Print.
This article helped me understand how and why the Strategic Defense Initiative affected
the Soviet negotiations, the collapse of the USSR and the ending of the Cold War.
Boehner, John. "Reagan Shaped Our times." USA Today 24 Jan. 2011. Print.
John Boehner is currently the Speaker of the House of Representatives. The Speaker
discusses how Reagan influenced our times.
Bowman, Tom. Reagan guided huge buildup in arms race. Baltimore Sun 4 June 2004. Print.
This article provided insight of impact of Reagans policies on military strength . It gave
good insight on the effects the military buildup had on not only the military but on the
world. It also provided information regarding criticisms of the military buildup.
Cox, Michael. "Ronald Reagan and the End of the Cold War: The Debate Continues." The Gilder
Lehrman Institute of American History. Web. 7 Dec. 2014.
This article provided perspectives on Reagans legacy in regards to the ending of the cold
war. I used this information in the perspective section of my project.
Dowd, Alan. "Leading Man." Sagamore. Web. 1 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.sagamoreinstitute.org/library-article/leading-man/>
This article talks about the negotiations between Reagan and Gorbachev. I used this
article to get a better understanding of their meetings and used a quote, on my Reykjavik
page, from Gorbachev referring to Reagan being difficult.
Edwards, Lee. "John Paul II: Winning the Cold War." The Heritage Foundation. 4 Apr.
2005. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.
This article discussed the ending of the Cold War. The credit for ending the Cold War
was given to Pope John Paul II who shared anti-communism views with Reagan and
taught that there was a better alternative. This provided another perspective.
"Gorbachev Calls Reagan a Great President." Msnbc.com. 6 June 2004. Web. 17 Dec.
2014. <http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5148407/ns/us_newsthe_legacy_of_ronald_reagan/t/gorbachev-calls-reagan-great15

president/#VJDzMPldV2o>.
This article quotes Mikhail Gorbachev several times following the death of President
Reagan. Gorbachev talks of his respect for Reagan and his accomplishments. I used a
quote from this article to talk illustrate the importance of the start of talks with the
Soviets.
Heuvel, Katrina, and Stephen Cohen. "Gorbachev on 1989." Gorbachev on 1989. The
Nation, 28 Oct. 2009. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.
This article discussed Gorbachevs perspective on the Cold War. I was able to use this
information to help me understand and explain the context of the Cold War.
Iran urges India, China & Russia to counter NATO missile system Article. Web. 19 Apr.
2015. <http://rt.com/news/250209-iran-cooperation-amd-nato>
This is a very current article regarding Iran and Russias response to the plan to send a
NATO missile defense system to Europe. I believe this is relevant to my project as it
shows how SDI technology is used today and also the current foreign policy issues.
Kaufman, Robert. "The First Principles of Ronald Reagan's Foreign Policy." The Heritage
Foundation. 1 Nov. 2011. Web. 14 Sept. 2014.
<http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/11/the-first-principles-of-ronald-reagansforeign-policy>.
This report gave a background of former foreign policies. It gives a detailed description
of the Reagan Doctrine. This helped me to understand how much he changed America's
foreign policy and how this affected the world as well as how the INF Treaty was signed
without compromising SDI.
NATO missile shield in Europe stays, despite understanding over nuclear Iran fairytale
Article. Web. 18 Apr. 2015. < http://rt.com/news/246709-nato-missile-shield-iran/?
This is an article about current events in the world that relate to defensive missile
technology. NATO is planning to move forward with placement of the systems in Europe
and Russia is not happy about it. I used information from this article on the SDI
Technology page.
Slobin, Sarah. "A NATION CHALLENGED: HEARTS AND MINDS." The New York
Times. The New York Times, 10 Nov. 2001. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.
This article provided information about communism and the Cold War. This provided a
16

quote from President Nixon for context information for my project.

Wheeler, Tim. The Real Ronald Reagan on his 100th Birthday. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.peoplesworld.org/the-real-ronald-reagan-on-his-100th-birthday/>
This article provides dissenting perspectives regarding Reagans legacy. It provides a
critical look at his various policies and their impact on the world. I used quotes from this
article for dissention opinions on my Reagans Views on Communism page and on my
Military Strength page.

Books
Casil, Amy Sterling. The B-1 Lancer. New York: Rosen Central, 2003. Print.
This book provides a history which provides a history of the B-1 bomber. From
this book I was able to obtain information about how Jimmy Carter had cut the B1 program and Reagan brought it back. An example of his focus on military
strength.
Chomsky, Noam. Deterring Democracy. London: Verso, 1991. Print.
Noam Chomsky is a know critic of Reagan and his policies. I had attempted to schedule
an interview with Mr. Chomsky; however, his schedule did not permit it. I selected a
dissenting perspective from this book regarding Reagans leadership.
DSouza, Dinesh. Ronald Reagan: How an Ordinary Man Became an Extraordinary Leader.
New York: Free, 1997. Print.
This book provided a very interesting read. Mr. DSouza takes the time to present
various viewpoints regarding Reagans policies and then draws conclusions. He used
additional data to back up his conclusions. I used a dissenting quote from Anthony Lewis
regarding Reagans Evil Empire speech.
FitzGerald, Frances. Way out There in the Blue: Reagan, Star Wars, and the End of the Cold War.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000. Print.
This book analyzed Reagan, SDI and the Cold War. I used a quote from this book
regarding the Reykjavik Summit being referred to as the highest stakes poker game.
Both leaders negotiated and tried to force the hand of the other but Reagan refused to fold
on SDI.

17

Granville, Johanna. "Strategic Defense Initiative." The Encyclopedia of Russian History. Ed.
James Millar. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. 1487. Print.
This excerpt clearly explained the Strategic Defense Initiative. This helped me to have a
better understanding of the SDI program. I used this information to explain SDI on my
project.
Gregory, Ross. Cold War America, 1946 to 1990. New York: Facts on File, 2003. Print.
George Marshall was famous for his leadership roles during World War II and the Cold
War. He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army, Secretary of State, and the third
Secretary of Defense. This quote from him helps to illustrate the dangers of the Soviet
Union and the threat of destruction that the world faced during that time.
Kernek, Sterling J. Foreign Policy in the Reagan Presidency: Nine Intimate
Perspectives. Lanham, Md.: U of America ;, 1993. Print.
This is a book about Reagans foreign policy. I selected a quote about
how Reagan remains the most creative president of our time. I felt this
was important to use as it relates to current times and speaks of his
legacy.
Ratnesar, Romesh. Tear down This Wall: A City, a President, and the Speech That Ended the
Cold War. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009. Print.
This book helped me get quotes for many different things. It helped explain Reagans
Tear Down This Wall speech.
Schweizer, Peter. Reagan's War: The Epic Story of His Forty Year Struggle and Final Triumph
over Communism. New York: Doubleday, 2002. Print.
I obtained his book from the public library. His book gave a viewpoint of Reagans anticommunism views from the beginning to the end. I was able to obtain more background
information on Reagans views and utilize it in my project for quotes.
Wallison, Peter J. "Conviction Politician." Ronald Reagan: The Power of Conviction and the
Success of His Presidency. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 2003. 45- 80. Print. This book is a
firsthand account by Peter J. Wallison, a former White House Counsel to President
Reagan. The Chapter "Conviction Politician" describes Reagan's commitment to
decisions to his foreign policy, especially the SDI. It showed how his commitment
affected the outcomes of many negotiations. I used it to provide research as well as a
18

quote regarding military buildup.

Images and Photographs

Berlin Wall Tumbles; London Herald. Image. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.
<http://d3l2rivt3pqnj2.cloudfront.net/highres_images/easyart/1/0/101009.jpg>
This is an image of the London Herald newspaper headline declaring the fall of the Berlin
Wall. This was noted as an important event throughout the world and I used this image to
illustrate that point on the Collapse of the U.S.S.R. page.
Chinese Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.wantchinatimes.com/newsphoto/2013-10-06/450/FD20001164735_copy1.jpg>
This is a photograph of a missile defense system from China. I used this as an example
of how SDI technology has affected missile defense systems worldwide.
Cold War Flags. Image. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. <http://historyofrussia.org/wpcontent/uploads/2011/08/Cold-War-Flags.jpg >
This is a split image of the U.S. and USSR flags. The two countries were considered the
superpowers during the Cold War era. I used this on my Context page to identify the link
leading to the Cold War page.
Communism Threat. Personal Photograph. Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. This is a photo
I took on my visit to the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library on 1 Sept. 2014. It
describes Reagan believed that communism was a threat even before he was a politician.
I used this photo on the Reagans Views on Communism page.
The Day After Poster. Image. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. < https://rmactsc.wordpress.com/tag/the-dayafter/>

19

This is an image of The Day After movie poster. This movie was about nuclear war and
its effects. This image gives a visual illustration to the viewer for this movie. I used it
on my Soviets Negotiation page to illustrate the movie that I refer to.
Dissolution of the USSR: New York Times headline. Image. Web. 17 Mar. 2015.
<https://eurasiawatch.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/ussr1.png>
This New York Times headline illustrates the dissolution of the USSR making reference
to the Death of the Soviet Union. This was headline news and a big change in the
world. I used this on the Collapse of the USSR page.
Eureka College. Image. Web. 23 Feb 2015. < http://www.eureka.edu/news/sage-seeks-vendorsfor-sustainability-festival/>
This is an image of the Eureka College logo. I used this on my interview page for
Anthony Glass as he is the curator and archivist at the Reagan Museum. I could not get a
photo of Mr. Glass.
Evil Empire. Image. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.
<http://unobtainium13.files.wordpress.com/2014/03/evil_empire_001_covera.jpg>.
This is an image with the words Evil Empire on it. Reagan referred to the USSR as an
evil empire in his first term. This image is used to identify the link leading to the
Reagan Doctrine page.
Defense Budget. Image. Web. 22 Feb. 2015.
https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2011/07/14/10016/a-return-toresponsibility/
This image is an illustration of the defense budget spending throughout several
presidencies. It illustrates the dramatic increase in spending during the Reagan years
compared to the dtente years.
Dtente. Image. Web. 15 Apr. 2015. <http://www.americanforeignrelations.com/photos/coldwar-evolution-and-interpretations-d-tente-4074.jpg>

20

This is an image of two people shaking hands with the world in the background. I used
this image to identify the dtente agreement of appeasement and it identifies the link
leading to the Dtente page.
Guided-missile cruiser USS Vicksburg. Photograph. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.
<https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CBmUB2bUIAAmqN6.jpg>
This is a photograph of a US missile cruiser. I obtained this picture from a recent article
about current events involving missile defense technology in which NATO is sending
missile defense technology to Europe.
Franco-Italian Missile Defense System. Photograph. 15 Apr. 2015.
<http://newsmilitary.com/pages/11779511-samp-slash-t-successful-on-a-franco-italianmissile-defense>
This is a photograph of a missile defense system that France and Italy use. I used this
photo to help illustrate the impact that SDI technology has had on missile defense
systems worldwide. I used this on the SDI Technology page.
Hofdi House. Photograph. Ronald Reagan, Intelligence, and the End of the Cold War: Ronald
Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California, November 2, 2011. Washington,
D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections, 2011. Print.
This is a photograph of the Hofdi House which was the site of the Reykjavik Summit in
Iceland. I used this on the Reykjavik Summit page as this house is a historic site because
of this historic summit.
India Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.indiastrategic.in/image/img_3360.jpg>
This is a photograph of Indias missile defense system. I used this on the SDI
Technology page as an illustration of the impact that SDI technology has had on missile
defense systems worldwide.
Iran Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 18 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.newworldorderwar.com/iran-ready-to-test-air-defense-system/>
This is a photograph of the missile defense system in Iran. This photo is used to help
demonstrate the impact SDI technology has had on missile defense systems worldwide.
21

Lets Talk. Geneva Time magazine. Image. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.

<http://content.time.com/time/covers/0%2c16641%2c19851118%2c00.html>
This Time magazine cover illustrates the desires of the two leaders to begin talks. It had
been 6 years since leaders of the two superpowers had talked. Reagan had sent personal
letters to the 2 previous leaders as well as Gorbachev expressing his desire to talk to
improve relations and prevent nuclear war.
Man of the Century. Gorbachev Time magazine cover. Image. Web. 4 Apr. 2015.
<http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19900101,00.html>
This is an image of the Time magazine that refers to Mikhail Gorbachev as the Man of
the Decade. I used this to illustrate the perspective that Gorbachev deserves the credit for
ending the Cold War. His image looks bronzed, almost as if it is immortalizing him.
Putting Moscow on the Defensive, Time magazine. Image. 15 Apr. 2015.
<http://content.time.com/time/covers/0%2c16641%2c19830919%2c00.html>
This is a Time magazine image of Reagan depicting his view on communism. This
image is used to identify the link leading to the Reagans Views on Communism page. I
thought it was a good representation of how Reagan went on the offensive against
communism.
Russian Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-SAM-Support-Vehicles.html>
This is a photograph of a Russian missile defense system. This is another example of
how SDI technology has impacted defense systems worldwide.
SDI. Image. Web. 10 Nov. 2014. http://ndawehistory.weebly.com/star-wars-and-strategicdefense-initiative.html
This is an image depicting the Strategic Defense Initiative in a space like manner. SDI
was often referred to as Star Wars and I thought this image was a good representation of
that idea.

22

SDI Time magazine. Image. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.

<http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1983/1101830404_400.jpg>
This is an image of a Time magazine depicting some of the concerns raised regarding the
SDI. Critics considered it a budget issue as well as being unrealistic, like science fiction.
I used this to illustrate a dissenting opinion on SDI. Critics felt that the cost of the
program was a mistake. I used to image to illustrate a criticism of Reagans SDI
program.
U.K. Royal Missile Defense System. Photograph. Web. 17 Apr. 2015.
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/hms-diamond-fires-sea-viper-missile-for-first-time
This is a photograph of a U.K. naval ship with a missile defense system. I used this
photo as an example of how SDI technology has affected missile defense systems
worldwide.
U.S.S.R. Dissolution. Image. Web. 8 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.worldology.com/Europe/modern_europe.htm>
This image depicts the dissolution of the USSR. It shows the previous borders of the
U.S.S.R. and the resulting borders and countries following the dissolution. This was a
dramatic change. I felt this image was important to include as this was a major impact
resulting from the leadership and policies of President Reagan. Although this happened
soon after Reagan left office, it was a result of his efforts.
We Win They Lose. Image. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. <http://meetville.com/quotes/tag/war/page76 Pic
we win they lose>
This is an image I found that states a comment Ronald Reagan said about Americas Cold
War strategy/Reagan Doctrine. It means that the strategy is very clear there is no option
but to win.

Interviews
Jeane Kirkpatrick interview. Web. 1 Feb. 2015.
http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/coldwar/interviews/episode-19/kirkpatrick1.html
23

Jeane Kirkpatrick served as Ronald Reagan's foreign policy adviser in his 1980 campaign
and later as a U.S. Ambassador. I used this site to read about an interview conducted with
Ms. Kirkpatrick about the Cold War. I used a quote from the interview to explain why
dtente was not working and that is was dangerous to the U.S.

Websites
American Security Council Foundation. Website. Web. 14 Feb. 2015. <http://ascfusa.org>
This site provided a plethora of information regarding Peace through Strength. It also
provided information regarding the leadership and legacy and impact of Ronal Reagan.
From this site I was able to obtain contact information for the foundation which allowed
me to conduct an interview with Bill McCollum, a board member. I also used quotes on
the Peace through Strength page to illustrate the importance of the doctrine.
Bill McCollum bio. Website. 18 Feb. 2015. http://www.dentons.com/en/bill-mccollum
This site provides a bio for Bill McCollum. He is a previous U.S. senator and is currently
on the board of the American Security Council Foundation.
Edmund Morris bio. Website. 5 Jan 2015.
< http://www.randomhouse.com/author/21275/edmund-morris>
This site provided a brief biography of Edmund Morris that I was able to use for my
interview page.
Evil Empire. Website. Web. 2 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.nationalcenter.org/ReaganEvilEmpire1983.html>
This website provides an explanation of the Evil Empire speech and its importance. It
also includes the transcript of the speech. I used this site to provide an explanation of the
Evil Empire speech on the Reagan Doctrine page. It has been deemed one of Reagans
most important speeches.
George Shultz bio. Website. Web. 10 Dec. 2015.
https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/shultz-george-pratt
This site provided a detailed biography of George Shultz that I was able to use describe
his relevance to my project and use on my interview page.

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JFK Library. Website. Web. 22 Mar. 2015. < http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-inHistory/The-Cold-War.aspx>

I used this website to read some background on the Cold War during the 60s. The Cold
War existed from the end WWII until the early 90s. I used a quote from this site on the
Cold War page to describe what the two superpowers were doing during the Cold War.
Leadership Letters. Website. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.
<http://issuu.com/eurekacollege/docs/leadership_letters_2?e=2342890/4500503>
The Eureka College Reagan Museum emphasizes Reagans lasting legacy, as well as his
leadership abilities One of the ways that Eureka passes on lessons in leadership is through
their Leadership Letters magazine. I embedded the letters in my site as an example of
Reagans legacy of leadership.
McFarlane, Robert. Website. Web. 10 Apr. 2015. <http://www.fampeople.com/cat-robertmcfarlane>
This site provided a biography of Robert McFarlane. He worked as Reagans National
Security Advisor from 1983-1985. He was a lead architect in the creation of SDI. I used
this biography on my interview page.
Michael Reagan bio. Website. Web. 10 Nov. 2014. http://michaelreagan.com
I used this website to obtain a bio for my interview page. It gives a succinct bio of
Michael Reagan.
"Miller Center." American President: Ronald Wilson Reagan: Foreign Affairs. Website. Web. 7
Dec. 2014. http://millercenter.org
I used this site to gain a better understand Reagan's foreign policy. It helped me get a
clear picture of Reagan's strategies, leadership and legacy. This site provided information
to add depth to my project.
Presidential Leadership in the Cold War. Website. Web. 14 Feb. 2015.
<http://reagan.civiced.org/lessons/middle-school/presidential-leadership-cold-war quotes and piccollapse prediction>
From this site I was able to read and overview of the Ronald Reagans leadership during
the Cold War and the ending of the Cold War.
25

Smith, Donald bio. Website. 24 Feb. 2015.

<https://www.ascfusa.org/content_pages/view/board-of-directors>
This site provided a biography of General Donald Smith. He served in the military
before and during Reagans presidency. This biography illustrates some of his many
accomplishments. He is currently the ASCF Chairman. I used this biography on my
interview page.
Suzanne Massie bio. Website. Web. 17 Feb. 2015. http://suzannemassie.com/bio.html>
I used this site to obtain background information prior to my interview with her. She
specialized in Russian history and culture and became a consultant to President Reagan.
I also obtained a short bio of her for the interview page.
The Reagan-Gorbachev Summits. Website. Web. 15 Feb. 2015.
http://www.thereaganfiles.com/the-summits.html
This website provided a summary of the 4 summits between Reagan and Gorbachev. I
used quotes and photographs from this site to add to my pages for the 4 summits. The
quotes added more information and depth to my pages.
Ward Churchill bio. Website. <http://www.breakingnews.com/topic/ward-churchill/>
This site provided a bio of Ward Churchill. I was able to read this information prior to
my interview and use it on my Interviews and Transcripts page.

26