by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

RELATIVE CLAUSES

NAME:
____________________________

A. Mnh quan h - Relative Clauses

DATE:
Mnh quan h a thm thng tin v ngi, vt, ni chn v lm r thm v iu chng ta ang ni ti.
Mnh quan h i lin sau danh t m n b ngha.
This morning I met the boy who lives next door.
B. Who / Whom / That: i t quan h who / whom theo sau danh t ch ngi.
who gi vai tr ch ng trong MQH; whom gi vai tr tn ng trong MQH; that c th thay th who hoc
whom
The man
who lives next to me
is friendly.
The man
that lives next to me
is friendly.
The man
whom I met yesterday
was friendly.
The man
that I met yesterday
was friendly.
C. Which / That: i t quan h which theo sau danh t ch vt / hin tng
which c th gi vai tr ch ng hoc tn ng trong MQH v c th c thay th bi that
The river
which flows through the town is polluted.
The river
that flows through the town is polluted.
The books
which I bought this morning were expensive.
The books
that I bought this morning were expensive.
D. Whose / of which: i t quan h whose dng ch s hu v KHNG th c thay th bi that
This is Mr. Brown
whose son is studying
in Paris.
Khi danh t c b ngha l vt (the house), whose c th c thay th bi of which
Thats the house
whose roof was blown off last night.
Thats the house
the roof of which was blown off last night.
E. Din t s lng: c th s dng some of, many of, all of, a few of, none of, half of, + whom / which
din t s lng
She bought a lot of dresses, only a few of which were nice.
She has lots of friends, some of whom now live...
PRACTICE
I. Insert who where necessary. Identify the relative clauses
1. The man answered the phone was polite.
2. I liked the people sat next to us at the soccer game.
3. People paint houses for a living are called house painters.
4. Im uncomfortable around married couples argue all the time.
5. While I was waiting at the bus stop, I stood next to an elderly gentleman started a conversation with me.
II. Correct the mistakes if necessary
1. A thief is a person which steals things.
5. I dont like people which never stop talking.
2. An airplane is a machine that flies.
6. I know somebody whom can help you.
3. A coffee maker is a machine who makes coffee. 7. I know a man who works in that shop.
4. Have you seen the money that was on the table? 8. Correct the sentences who are wrong.
III. Use who/whom/which to combine the sentences
1. The car is too expensive. It is made in Japan.
2. I have lost the ruler. I borrowed it from Mai.
3. Those boys are students. They are walking.
DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 1

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

4. The man teaches Maths here. Mrs. Apple is talking to him.

5. All the men attended the meeting. They are businessmen.
6. I havent read the novel. It was written by Charles Dickens.
7. The girl will come here tomorrow. She was recommended by my boss.
8. I am willing to help the woman. She is too poor to feed her family.
9. The party was interesting. I was invited to that party.
10. I met the man. He comes from England.
IV. Combine two sentences into one using whose
1. There is the man. His car was stolen. There is the man whose car was stolen.
2. There is the woman. Her cat died.
3. Over there is the man. His daughter is in my English class.
4. Over there is the woman. You met her husband yesterday.
5. There is the professor. Im taking her course.
6. That is the man. His daughter is an astronaut.
7. I live in a dormitory. Its residents come from many countries.
V. Are these sentences right or wrong? Correct them where necessary. Write OK if the sentence is
correct.
1. I dont like stories whose endings unhappy.
2. What was the name of the person who phoned you?
3. Wheres the nearest shop who sells newspapers?
4. The driver which caused the accident was fined 500.
5. Do you know the person that took these photographs
6. We live in a world what is changing all the time.
7. Dan said some things about me that were not true.
8. What was the name of the horse it won the race?
VI. Which of the following can be used in the blanks: who / whom / which / that / whose or x?
1. The people who/that moved into town are Italian.
2. The lamp I bought downtown is beautiful but quite expensive.
3. Everyone came to the audition got a part in the play.
4. Ms. Laura Rice is the teacher class I enjoy most.
5. Flowers grow in tropical climates usually have vibrant colors.
6. The man I found in the doorway had collapsed from exhaustion.
7. I like the people with I work.
8. I have a friend father is a famous artist.
9. The camera I bought has a zoom lens.
10. Students have part-time jobs have to budget their time very carefully.
11. The person you should send your application to is the Director of Admissions.
12. Flying squirrels live in tropical rainforests stay in the trees their entire lives without
ever touching the ground.
VIII. Rewrite the sentences
1. That mans wife is my teacher. That is
2. Three women walked into my office. All of them were wearing designer clothes.
Three woman
3. I met someone. I went to school with his brother. I met
4. The Browns have got five cars. They rarely use two of them. The Browns have
5. That mans daughter won a gold medal at the Olympic Games. Thats
6. The people were very nice. I met them at the party last night. The people
7. We stayed at a beautiful hotel. I cant remember its name now. I cant
DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 2

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

RELATIVE CLAUSES (2)

NAME:
____________________________

A. Trng t quan h - Relative Adverbs

DATE:
Thi gian:
when (= in/on/at which)
1982 was the year when I moved to Wales.
a im:
where (= in/at/on/to which)
Thats the hotel where we spent our honeymoon.
L do:
why (= for which)
Thats the reason why they were celebrating.
B. Where
Khi s dng where, trong mnh quan h KHNG s dng gii t ch ni chn (a).
Khi khng s dng where, trong mnh quan h phi c gii t ch ni chn (b).
(a)
The building where
he lives
is very old.
(b)
The building in which
he lives
is very old.
The building which
he lives in
is very old.
The building that
he lives in
is very old.
The building (x)
he lives in
is very old.
C. When
S dng when b sung ngha cho danh t ch thi gian. C th thay when bi that, on/at/in
which hoc lc b when. (b, c, d)
Khng t ring gii t v which nh trong v d (e).
(a)
Ill never forget the day
when
I first met you.
(b)
Ill never forget the day
that
I first met you.
(c)
Ill never forget the day
(x)
I first met you.
(d)
Ill never forget the day
on which
I first met you.
(e)
Ill never forget the day
which
I first met you on.
PRACTICE
I. Fill in:
a) where, whose, who, which, why or when.
Having visited a few countries 1) ...where.... the climate is different to yours, you will appreciate how important
it is to plan carefully before travelling. Not planning well enough is the reason 2)some holidays can go
wrong. A holiday 3) involves a lot of walking, for example, means you need to go at a time 4) it is
neither too hot nor too cold. It also means you need to plan to go with someone 5) enjoys walking and 6)
stamina is equal to yours. A travel companion 7) likes the same things as you is ideal, but it's very
difficult to meet someone 8) likes and dislikes are exactly the same as yours. In any case, you need to
decide on a holiday 9) suits both of you and a country 10) climate is not uncomfortable for either of
you.
b) who, whom, whose, where
1. Whats the name of the man . car you borrowed?
2. A cemetery is a place . people are buried.
3. A pacifist is a person . believes that all wars are wrog.
4. An orphan is a child . parents are dead.
5. What was the name of the person to . you spoke on the phone?
6. The place . we spent our holidays was really beautiful.
7. This school is only for children . first language is not English.
II. Fill in: Who, whom, whose, which, where and why. Identify the nouns it modifies.
The town of Keswick, () which lies at the heart of the Lake District, is the perfect place for a holiday, and the
Derwent Hotel, (1) overlooks the town, is the perfect place to stay. Robin and Wendy Jackson, (2).
bought this small hotel three years ago, have already won an excellent reputation. Robin, (3) cooking is
DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 3

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

one of the reasons (4) the Derwent is so popular, was once Young Chef of the Year. The comfort of the
guests, (5) the owners treat almost as members of the family, always comes first. Peter Ustinov, (6)
. once stayed at the hotel, described it as 'marvellous'. And the Lake District, (7).. has so much
wonderful scenery and (8) the poet Wordsworth lived, will not disappoint you.
III. Complete the article. Use relative pronouns.
Britains largest cave was discovered in the Peak District by a group of people (0)who followed the clues
in a 200-year old book. The cave, called Titan, is about 140 metres from floor to ceiling. It also has a huge
waterfall (1)falls far below the level of the ground. Dave Nixon read about the cave in a paper (2)
was written in 1793. The writer, James Plumtree, was an academic about (3) we know very little
and (4) paper was found by Mr. Nixon in a university library. In this paper, Plumtree described a cave
system (5) went far beyond what anyone had explored in the area. Mr. Nixon and a group of friends
spent three more years removing the rocks (6) concealed the entrance to the cave. He pointed out that it
was research and hard work (7) helped him and his collaborators find the cave, not Luck. The cave is
now an important tourist attraction in the area (8) it was discovered.
IV. Join the sentences. Put the relative pronouns / adverbs in parentheses if they are omissible.
1 It was during my first year of university. I first met Bernard then.
2 The hotel is the most expensive in the area. It overlooks the sea.
3 Thats the house. We lived there when we were university students.
4 A man repaired my car. He is a real expert.
5 The detective was following a man. He lost sight of that man.
6 An assistant served us. I thought I recognized her.
7 We visited a fishing village. It was really beautiful.
V. What would you say in these situations?
1. Your friend lost. You want to know if he has found them. Have you found ?
2. A friend is wearing a dress. You like it. I like the dress
3. A friend is going to see a film. You want to know the name of the film. Whats the
4. You wanted to visit a museum. It was shut when you got there. The museum
5. You invited some people to your party. Some of them couldnt come. Some
VI. Rewrite the sentences. Use two to five words. Put the relative words in parentheses if they are
omissible.
1 At the film festival we saw many people; some were famous actors.
whom At the film festival we saw many people, famous actors
2 That's the hotel we are staying in.
where That's staying.
3 That woman complained to the manager.
who That's to the manager.
4 We met several people from Portsmouth, but none of them knew Dr. Irons.
whom We met several people from Portsmouth, Dr. Irons.
5 The car we rented was very unreliable.
which We very unreliable.
6 Clare Spender is the author; her book became a bestseller overnight.
whose Clare Spender isa bestseller overnight.
7 We bought a kilo of apples; some of them were bruised.
which We bought a kilo of applesbruised.
8 August is the month when most people take their holidays.
which August most people take their holidays.
9 She has a class of twenty students; half of them are of Canadian origin.
DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 4

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

whom She has a class of twenty students, are of Canadian origin.

10 Sue tried on some shoes but none of them fitted.
which Sue tried on some shoesfitted.

RELATIVE CLAUSES (3)

Reducing adjective clauses to adjective phrases

NAME:
____________________________
DATE:

C hai cch bin i mnh tnh ng thnh cm tnh ng

1. Khi mnh tnh ng (MQH) cha ng t to be:
(a1) The man who is talking to John
is from Korea.
(a2) The man
talking to John
is from Korea.
(b1) The ideas
which are presented in that book
are good.
(b2) The ideas
presented in that book
are good.
(c2) Ann is the woman
that is responsible for the error.
(c3) Ann is the woman
responsible for the error.
* Ch : Nu mnh tnh ng bao gm be + mt tnh t:
Fruit that is fresh tastes better than old, soft, mushy fruit.
Fruit fresh
tastes better than old, soft, mushy fruit.
Fresh fruits
tastes better than old, soft, mushy fruit.
2. Khi mnh tnh ng khng cha ng t to be:
(a1) English has an alphabet
that consists of 26 letters.
(a2) English has an alphabet
consisting of 26 letters.
(b1) Anyone who wants to come with us is welcome.
(b2) Anyone wanting to come with us
is welcome.
*Ch :
Nu mnh tnh ng c du phy th cm tnh ng cng c ngn cch vi mnh chnh bi du phy
(a1) Paris, which is the capital of France, is an exciting city.
(a2) Paris, the capital of France, is an exciting city.
PRACTICE
I. Make one sentence from two. Complete the sentences with an -ing verb
1. A man was sitting next to me on the plane. I didnt talk much to him. I didnt talk much
2. A taxi was taking us to the airport. It broke down. The taxi
3. Theres a path at the end of this street. The path leads to the river. At the end of the street theres
4. A factory has just opened in the town. It employs 500 people.
A company has just opened in the town.
5. The company sent me a brochure. It contained the information I needed. The company sent me
II. Make one sentence from two. Complete the sentences with an -ed verb
1. A boy was injured in the accident. He was taken to hospital. The boy
2. A gate was damaged in the storm. It has now been repaired. The gate
3. A number of suggestions were made at the meeting. Most of them were not very practical. Most of the

4. Some paintings were stolen from the museum. They havent been found yet. The
5. A man was arrested by the police. What was his name? What was the name of
III. Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the correct form
blow - call - invite - live - offer - read - ring - sit -study - work
DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 5

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

1. I was woken up by a bell . loudly.

2. Some of the people . to the party cant come.
3. Life must be very unpleasant for people . near busy airports.
4. A few days after the interview, I received a letter . me the job.
5. Somebody . Jack phoned while you were out.
6. There was a tree . down in the storm last night.
7. The waiting room was empty except for a young man . by the window . a magazine.
8. Ian has a brother in a bank in London and a sister economics at university in Manchester.
IV. Change the adjective clauses to adjective phrases
1. Do you know the woman who is coming toward us?
2. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
3. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
4. The children who attend that school receive a good education.
5. The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
6. The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
7. They live in a house that was built in 1890.
8. We have an apartment which overlooks the park.
V. Find the mistakes in these sentences and get them right. There might be more than one mistake in
some sentences.
1. Toronto, is the largest city in Canada, is not the capital city.
2. There are over 5 million people live in this city.
3. The sunglasses I looking for were under the sofa.
4. The healthcare doctors I spoke was helpful.
5. The man standing over there I was telling you about him.
6. The meeting Omar went to it was interesting.
7. The car my motorbike crashed was badly damaged.
VI. Combine the sentences. Write all possibilities
1. A man is wearing a green hat. Do you see him?
2. A person is in charge of this department. He is out to lunch now.
3. The picture was painted by Picasso. It is extremely valuable.
4. A meeting is going to be held in a room. Is this that room?
5. Judge Savitt is a judge. People respect him very much.
6. Ms. Lake is a teacher. I enjoy her lessons.
7. The book was good. I read it.

DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 6

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

RELATIVE CLAUSES (4)

NAME:
____________________________

A. Non-defining clauses
DATE:
I. Mnh quan h khng hn nh khng gip xc nh danh t c b ngha, ch thm thng tin v
danh t . MQH khng hn nh c ngn cch vi mnh chnh bi du phy.
MQH hn nh:
The couple
who bought that house
have three children.
MQH khng hn nh:
The Andersons, who bought that house, have three children.
II. Khng s dng that trong MQH khng hn nh:
Canada, which shares border with the USA, is a multicultural country. (NOT that shares borders)
III. Khng lc b i t quan h trong MQH khng hn nh:
Anna, whom I told you about, is one of my best friends. (NOT Anna, I told you about, is one of)
B. S dng which thay cho mt mnh
He decided to see a doctor about the problem which had been bothering him.
(Which = the problem) (which had been bothering him = MQH hn nh.)
He decided to see a doctor about the problem, which was a good idea.
(Which = the fact that he decided to see a doctor about the problem.)
* Trong trng hp which thay cho mt mnh , MQH ng cui cu v c ngn cch vi mnh chnh
bi mt du phy.
PRACTICE
I. Add commas where necessary
1. We enjoyed the city where we spent our vacation.
2. We enjoyed Mexico City where we spent our vacation.
3. One of the elephants which we saw at the zoo had only one tusk.
4. In Venezuela, there are plants that eat insects with their roots.
5. A rebel is a person who resists or fights against authority.
II. Non-defining and connective. Combine the following pairs or groups of sentences, using relative
pronouns.
1. Tom had been driving all day. He was tired and wanted to stop.
2. Ann had been sleeping in the back of the car. She felt quite fresh and wanted to go on.
3. Paul wanted to take the mountain road. His tyres were nearly new.
4. Jack's tyres were very old. He wanted to stick to the tarred road.
5. Mary didn't know anything about mountains. She thought it would be quite safe to climb alone.
6. He gave orders to the manager. The manager passed them on to the foreman.
7. She said that the men were thieves. This turned out to be true.
8. The matter was reported to the Chief of Police. He ordered us all to be arrested.
9. In prison they fed us on dry bread. Most of it was mouldy.
10. We slept in the same room as a handcuffed prisoner. His handcuffs rattled every time he moved.
III. Write sentences with coordinate relative clauses. Use the sentences in the list.
It made them ill.
It was a sign that he was getting angry.
It was a surprise for everyone.
It was frightening for my sister and her husband.
It will give her the rest she needs.
This is impressive for a woman of her age.
This is making her very unhappy.
This means you should pack lots of warm clothing.
DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 7

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

This was an expensive mistake.

0 She's going to have to sell the business.
Shes going to have to sell the business, which is making her very unhappy.
l My grandmother runs five miles every day.
5 She arrived a day earlier than we expected.
2 She's going to take a month off work.
6 My nephew had to go into hospital suddenly.
3 He spent a lot of money on a car he couldn't afford.
7 He suddenly got very red in the face.
4 The weather there is very cold at this time of year.
8 The children ate too much cake at the party.
IV. Complete the article. Use prepositional phrases or participle clauses formed from the relative clauses
in brackets
In the opening scene of Titanic, Brock Lovett is a treasure hunter (33)(who is searching for a diamond
necklace) (34) (which is believed to have sunk with the famous ship).
He finds a safe (35) (which has a photograph of a woman) (36) (who is wearing the necklace).
He shows the photo on television and an old woman (37) (who is called Rose Dawson Calvert) comes
forward and claims that she is the person (38) (who is in the photograph).
Rose, (39) (who is played by Kate Winslett), boards the Titanic when she is just seventeen years old.
She is unhappily engaged to an American (40) (who has a lot of money). Rose falls in love with Jack
Dawson (Leonardo DiCaprio), a third-class passenger on the ship. The historic events that follow change their
lives forever.
V. Read the information and complete each sentence. Use commas where necessary.
1 Theres a woman living next door to me. Shes a doctor. The woman
2 My brother, Rob, lives in Australia. Hes a doctor. My brother
3 There was a strike at the car factory. It began ten days ago. It is now over. The strike at the car
factory
4 I was looking for a book this morning. Ive found it now. Ive found
5 London was once the largest city in the world, but the population is now falling.
The population of London
6 A job was advertised. A lot of people applied for it. Few of them had the necessary qualifications.
Few of
7 She showed me a photograph of her son. Hes a policeman.
Amy showed me

DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 8

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

RELATIVE CLAUSES (4)

NAME:
____________________________
DATE:

I. Make one sentence from two. Use the sentence in brackets to make a relative clause. You will need to
use who(m)/whose/which/where.
1 Catherine is very friendly. (She lives next door.)
2 We stayed at the Park Hotel. (A friend of ours had recommended it.)
3 We often go to visit our friends in Bristol. (It is not very far away.)
4 I went to see the doctor. (He told me to rest for a few days.)
5 John is one of my closest friends. (I have known him for a very long time.)
6 Sheila is away from home a lot. (Her job involves a lot of travelling.)
7 The new stadium will be opened next month. (It can hold 90,000 people.)
8 Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland. (My brother lives there.)
9 A friend of mine helped me to get a job. (His father is the manager of a company.)
II. WORK IN PAIRS. Join sentences from the boxes to make new sentences. Use which

1. Laura couldnt come to the party, which was a pity.

DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 9

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

RELATIVE CLAUSES (5)

NAME:
____________________________

I. Put in a suitable relative pronoun or adverb (15pts)

DATE:
1. London is the city in I was born.
2. They didnt thank us for the meal before they left, was very rude of them.
3. Thats the room I used to stay.
4. The land and the people I have met are nice.
5. There was a time movies cost a dime.
6.. Sarah, lives next door, is very friendly.
7. People outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people.
8. At Christmas, we saw shops windows were decorated beautifully.
9. The reason Nick came was that he wanted to see Rita.
10. I was waiting for some relatives Ive never met before.
11. This morning I met Diane, I hadnt seen for ages.
12. The woman I was talking about suddenly came into the room.
13. Mark likes to travel at night, the roads are quiet.
14. Atlanta is the city the Olympic Games were held in 1996.
15. I went to Riverside Restaurant, I once had lunch with Henry.
II. Use a relative pronoun or relative adverb to combine each pair of sentences below. Use commas where
necessary (5pts)
1. I talked to a doctor. He was very pleasant. The doctor
2. Bens father works for a TV company. He used to be a teacher. Bens
3. The office is very small. Im working in that office. The office
4. Whats the name of the man? You borrowed his car. Whats?
5. A machine broke down yesterday. It is now working again. The machine

__________________________________________________________________________________

ANSWER SHEET
I. (15pts)
1.
6.
11.

2.
7.
12.

3.
8.
13.

4.
9.
14.

5.
10.
15.

II. (5pts)
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .

2. They are repairing the tubes. Water is brought into our house through them.
3. I was dancing with a woman. She stepped on my toe.
DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 10

by Pham Thu Trang

Junior 4

4. Tina got very good marks in the exam. This pleased all her teachers.
5. I hope I can visit New Zealand. My cousin is living there.
6. Summer is the time of the year. The weather is the hottest then.

DUHOCVIET., JSC

Page 11