Creating A Digital 6th Sense With Lte Direct

July 2014
th
6
Creating a Digital
Sense with LTE Direct
2013-2014 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its affiliated companies. All Rights Reserved.
LTE Direct is creating a Digital 6th Sense through always-on

proximal discovery services
1
Always-on device-to-device discovery of friends, services, offers in ones proximity

Proximal discovery services efficiently integrated with existing LTE Advanced services and networks
to scale up from todays location-based and proximity beacon solutions

2 Required
Privacy sensitive and battery efficient discovery of 1000s of devices/services in the proximity of ~500 meters
underway defined in 3GPP R12
3 LTE Direct ecosystem implementation
1
Operator trials throughout 2014 ; app developers testing innovative use cases today with LTE Direct Trial SDK2
1 Deutsche Telekom trial in Germany announced and enabled by trial devices from Qualcomm Technologies; other trials in planning; 2 LTE Direct Trial SDK by Qualcomm Technologies limited availability through ltedirect.qualcomm.com
The next generation mobile services in a hyper-connected world

Mobile devices aware of the user and surroundings, connecting our digital and physical worlds
Discovers
Filters
Things relevant to you
For things relevant to you
Senses
Knows
Your environment and motion
You and whats around you
Learns
Your preferences
A Digital 6th
Sense
Interacts
With your surroundings
Creating a Digital 6th Sense with always-on proximal discovery

Whos around? Whats nearby? Is it relevant to me, now?
The always-on proximal discovery challenge

Scaling proximity services for mass consumer adoption
Privacy
Barriers to technologies that continuously track location
Battery Life
Always-on services require continuous proximal discovery
Always-on
Proximity
Services
Scale
Long range and high capacity required to expand use cases
Interoperability
Proprietary platforms lead to mobile app silos
Proximal discovery services are expanding the reach of mobile

Utilizing technologies today that either track users location or proximity to nearby beacons
Location-based app
Proximity Beacons (BT-LE2)
Tracking users location and access

cloud to identify relevancy
Deliver relevant value by notifying

nearby users using an associated app
+ Unlimited range
+ Large install base
+ Privacy sensitive
+ Low power consumption
+ Indoor support
- Privacy barrier with location tracking

- Battery drain from constant network pings
- Proprietary platform
- Limited range 10s of meters

- Limited capacity that doesnt scale
- Proprietary platform
>$7B total M&A activity in proximal discovery services in 20131

1 Source: BIA/Kelsey, May 13; 2 Bluetooth Smart (Low Energy) feature as part of the Bluetooth Core Specification version 4.0 and higher
LTE Direct is a device-to-device technology

required to scale up from todays proximal
discovery solutions
LTE Direct is solving the always-on proximal discovery challenge

Discovery at scale
Interoperable discovery
Discovery of 1000s of devices /

services in the proximity of ~500m
Universal framework for discovery

across apps/devices/operators
Always-on awareness
Part of global LTE standard
Privacy sensitive and battery

efficient discovery without
user/app intervention
Opportunities for entire mobile

industry leveraging vast LTE
ecosystem
Discovery with unparalleled scalability and capacity

LTE Direct enables broader set of use cases than other device-to-device technologies
Discovery Density
(# of devices covered)
Range (m)
Active Duration (ms)1
BT-LE
LTE Direct
Hundreds
Thousands
~50
~500
~4000
~75
1 Source Qualcomm Technologies simulations; Assumptions: outdoor deployment model ( e.g. Farmers market), Ped A channel model, ITU-1411 pathloss mode, Carrier frequency of 2 GHz for LTE Direct / 2.4 GHz for BT-LE, System bandwidth of 10 MHz
FDD for LTE Direct / 2 MHz for BT-LE, LTE Direct protocol implementation of 75 subframes every 18 seconds, BT-LE beacon protocol implementation of advertising for 1.518 ms every 1.20 s with <20% collision / scanning for 256 ms every 1.28 s
Battery efficient and privacy sensitive always-on awareness

LTE Direct provides enhanced user experience over location-based solutions
Privacy sensitive
Battery efficiency
Autonomous
Devices do not need to reveal their

identity or allow location tracking,
thus minimizing privacy barriers
Determining relevancy is done at the

device level eliminating battery
inefficient network pings
Continuously and passively proximal

discovery of relevant value without
user or app intervention
10
LTE Direct provides interoperable discovery

Vastly expanding the reach and value of proximal discovery for mobile app developers
RETAIL
SOCIAL
TRAVEL
MAPS
CLASSIFIEDS
Universal framework for discovery across apps, devices, operators
Broader reach
Trusted apps
Better context
Compared to vertical
Walled Gardens
Notification alerts set through

your favorite, trusted apps
User context determined by apps

that know the most about you
11
LTE Direct leverages the global LTE ecosystem

Part of 3GPP Release 12 expected to be complete in 2014
Common global standard

Support for paired (FDD) and
unpaired (TDD) spectrum
Vibrant, global ecosystem
>275
>1,500
Global LTE network

launches in >100 countries
Global LTE devices from

>100 vendors
Source: www.gsacom.com July 17 2013 for networks and July 5, 2013 for devices. Source: GSA, Mar. 14.
12
We must make best use of all technologies for proximity services
Location-based
LTE Direct
Proximity beacons
User-initiated search
(plus navigation)
Always-on device-to-device
proximal discovery
Micro-location awareness
and geo-fencing
Enhance relevancy of search

results through location tracking
with unlimited range
Privacy sensitive and battery efficient

discovery of 1000s of devices /
Engage customers in close

proximity (~50m) with relevant,
timely, and personalized content
13
LTE Direct provides privacy sensitive and

battery efficient discovery at scale and range
How does it work?
14
LTE Direct: A day out at the shopping center
15
LTE Direct is a device-to-device proximal discovery technology
16
All devices can broadcast needs and services via expressions
Lisa via Social Match:

I like shopping!
Coffee Shop via Food Finder:

Live music this afternoon
Smoothie Shop via Deal Finder:

10% off your usual order
Jamie via Friend Finder:

Looking for nearby friends
Rob via Ticket Finder:
Tickets for game today
17
Services are efficiently mapped to Expressions

Public Expressions
Application agnostic
Any proximal device can decode expression
Good for advertising, local finder apps, etc.
Service
Live Music @ Coffee House
Private Expressions
Application specific
Only proximal devices with key can decode expression
Good for personal identification
Mobile app leverages

centrally managed
hierarchical mapping1
00110000011101111.
128-bit Expression
1 See appendix slide for more details on how this works. Note: Private Expression mappings based on a one-way hash function with a private key and permissions controlled via specific apps
18
Relevance is passively identified with no user/app intervention

Relevancy is determined at device level
Optional metadata
Additional info available
following discovery (e.g.,
street address)
Sale @ Smoothie Shop

10001110111100010.
2 new alerts!
Your friend
Jamie is nearby!
10% off your
smoothie!
Jamie @ Friend Finder

10110000011101010
Relevant Expressions
10110000011101010
10001110111100010.
Filtered Expressions
00110000011101111.
10010000010101111.
11110001010001111.
19
Communication via traditional LTE or Wi-Fi/Wi-Fi Direct
we r nearby.
wanna meet
for coffee?
Text Jamie
20
LTE Direct efficiently utilizes LTE spectrum for discovery

Leverages LTE infrastructure
For timing, resource allocation (to LTE
Direct), as well as user authentication
LTE RAN:
Timing, Configuration,
Authentication, Communication
LTE Air Interface:
Discovery
LTE
LTE
10s
64ms
Uses LTE licensed spectrum

Uplink resources in LTE FDD system or
dedicated frames in LTE TDD system
Negligible impact to capacity

1 Source: Qualcomm simulations; Assumes 20MHz system with ~2,000 expressions
Utilizes <1% of uplink resources1

21
LTE Direct resources are managed by mobile operators

Devices either broadcast or listen within assigned LTE sub-frames
Discovery
LTE
LTE
10s
Expressions
64ms
x 44
LTE sub-frames
Up to 2,816
discovery
resources
x 64
Jamie @ Friend Finder

10110000011101010
Alex @ Friend Finder

11110000011111010
1 Assumptions: 1 Expression = 2 LTE Resource Blocks (RBs); 88 RBs used for discovery in 20MHz FDD system that uses 64 sub-frames @ 1ms each, every 10 seconds
22
LTE Direct provides interoperable discovery across apps

Vastly expanding the field of value for proximal discovery
Application B
Application C
The Golf Shop has a 20%

discount sale on all golf
equipment
Buy one, get one free Golf

lesson at The Golf Pro
Application A
Application A
Im interested in golf
Your friend Lisa is nearby

and is interested in golf
23
LTE Direct ecosystem implementation is

underway creating opportunities for the
entire mobile ecosystem
24
LTE Direct creates big opportunities for the mobile industry

The next generation of proximity services across an extensive set of use cases
Social networking services
Social Matching
Shared Interests
$1.9B
Mobile advertising
Shared Experiences
Retail
$5.7B
Expected revenue in proximitybased social networking

applications/services in 20151
Local Services
Classifieds
Expected spend in locationtargeted mobile advertising in

20152
And many more use cases
Travel
services
Gaming
Loyalty
programs
Safety Geo-fencing Search

services
Services services
Source: 1 Smith's Point Analytics, Feb 13; 2 BIA/Kelsey, May 13

25
LTE Direct will benefit the entire mobile ecosystem

LTE Direct
Access
Mobile
Operators
OEMs
& ASPs
Mobile
Subscribers
LTE Direct
Services
26
LTE Direct enables operators to deliver new mobile services

An opportunity to monetize services beyond voice and data with always-on proximal discovery
Operator-owned
Global spectrum holders
for LTE Advanced
LTE
API Access Fee

Supply APIs to mobile app developers for
easy access to discovery services
Retail
Social
Travel
Maps
Enables discovery across apps/devices
LTE
<1% of uplink resources*
Negligible impact to
existing LTE capacity
Additional potential value

Commercial advertisers pay for consumer
notifications and customer-approved data
Push Advertising
Data Mining
Source: Qualcomm simulations; Assumes 10MHz system with ~2,000 expressions

27
LTE Direct empowers app providers and OEMs to differentiate

Lead the next generation of mobile proximity services through a differentiated user experience
Discovery at scale
Always-on awareness
Interoperable discovery
Discovery of 1000s of devices /

Privacy sensitive and battery efficient

discovery without user/app intervention
Universal framework for discovery

across apps/devices/operators
Solving the always-on proximal discovery challenge

28
Achieving scale requires discovery between mobile operators

Option 1
Option 2
Operator A Uplink or TDD

BROADCAST
LTE
LISTEN
Operator A
Device
LTE
LISTEN
Operator B
Device
Operator B Uplink or TDD

LTE
All devices in a country/region

broadcast and listen to LTE
Direct expressions on the same
agreed-upon spectrum band(s)
BROADCAST
LTE
LISTEN
MHz
LISTEN
10s
64ms
10s
64ms
64ms
Time
Broadcast and listen to expressions on their own spectrum

Listen-only on other operators spectrum
Both options will require LTE Advanced multiband, multimode devices

with global support for the many frequency band combinations of LTE
29
Implementation of the LTE Direct ecosystem is underway

Standards
Standardization by 3GPP as feature in

Release 12 expected to be complete
late 2014
Proof of concept
Demonstrated at MWC 2014 with live

over-the-air demo enabled by trial
devices from Qualcomm Technologies
Operator trials
Trial Announced by Deutsche Telekom

in Germany for 2014 enabled by trial
Trials Planned by additional

operators in 2014
App developer interest
Partnerships Announced
with early app partners to create and
test use cases leveraging trial SDK by
Qualcomm Technologies1
Submit creative use case ideas

for access to the trial SDK at:
ltedirect.qualcomm.com
1 Limited availability starting in May 2014

30
Implementation of the LTE Direct ecosystem is underway

Standardization by 3GPP as feature in
Standards
Release 12 expected to be complete
We are participating in this trial because LTE Direct
late 2014
promises new opportunities in the mobile ecosystem.
Thomas Kiessling
Demonstrated at MWC 2014 with live
Chief
Product
Innovation Officer at Deutsche
Telekom
over-the-air
demo enabled by trial
Proof
of and
concept
Trial
Announced
by Deutsche
Trials
We're
excited
to be bringing
to lifeTelekom
the frictionless
userPlanned by additional
in Germany
2014 enabled
by trialbut thatoperators
in 2014
Operator trials
experiences
we for
all expect
of the future,
have
from Qualcomm
Technologies
not devices
been possible
with today's
proximity and geolocation technologies.
Partnerships Announced
Submit creative use case ideas
Colin ODonnell
with early app partners to create and
for access to the trial SDK at:
Partner,
Control
Group
App developer interestFounding
test use cases leveraging trial SDK by
ltedirect.qualcomm.com
1
Qualcomm Technologies
1 Limited availability starting in May 2014
31
LTE Advanced is evolving and expanding into new frontiers

LTE Direct is one example enabling new, differentiated mobile apps/services with LTE Advanced
Learn more at:
www.qualcomm.com/lte-advanced
~3.5 GHz
& ASA
Extending LTE
Advanced to
unlicensed spectrum
Dynamic LTE broadcast.

Being considered for beyond
mobile for terrestrial TV
LTE Direct for always-on,

autonomous device-todevice proximity awareness
Higher spectrum bands

new licensing models
authorized shared access
32
LTE Direct is creating a Digital 6th Sense through always-on

proximal discovery services
1
Always-on device-to-device discovery of friends, services, offers in ones proximity

Proximal discovery services efficiently integrated with existing LTE Advanced services and networks
to scale up from todays location-based and proximity beacon solutions

2 Required
Privacy sensitive and battery efficient discovery of 1000s of devices/services in the proximity of ~500 meters
LTE Direct ecosystem implementation underway defined in 3GPP R12

Operator trials throughout 20141; app developers testing innovative use cases today with LTE Direct Trial SDK2
Learn more at:

www.qualcomm.com/lte-direct
1 Deutsche Telekom trial in Germany announced and enabled by trial devices from Qualcomm Technologies; other trials in planning; 2 LTE Direct Trial SDK by Qualcomm Technologies limited availability through ltedirect.qualcomm.com
33
Questions? - Connect with Us

www.qualcomm.com/technology
BLOG
http://www.qualcomm.com/blog/contributors/prakash-sangam
@Qualcomm_tech
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8AD95E4F585237C1&feature=plcp
http://www.slideshare.net/qualcommwirelessevolution
http://storify.com/qualcomm_tech
34
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Follow us on:
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www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog
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permission. Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
References in this presentation to Qualcomm may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsi diaries or business units within the
Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable.
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July 2014

LTE Direct is creating a Digital 6th Sense through always-on

Always-on device-to-device discovery of friends, services, offers in ones proximity

to scale up from todays location-based and proximity beacon solutions

The next generation mobile services in a hyper-connected world

Things relevant to you

For things relevant to you

Your environment and motion

You and whats around you

Creating a Digital 6th Sense with always-on proximal discovery

The always-on proximal discovery challenge

Proximal discovery services are expanding the reach of mobile

Proximity Beacons (BT-LE2)

Tracking users location and access

Deliver relevant value by notifying

- Privacy barrier with location tracking

- Limited range 10s of meters

>$7B total M&A activity in proximal discovery services in 20131

LTE Direct is a device-to-device technology

LTE Direct is solving the always-on proximal discovery challenge

Discovery of 1000s of devices /

Universal framework for discovery

Part of global LTE standard

Privacy sensitive and battery

Opportunities for entire mobile

Discovery with unparalleled scalability and capacity

Battery efficient and privacy sensitive always-on awareness

Devices do not need to reveal their

Determining relevancy is done at the

Continuously and passively proximal

LTE Direct provides interoperable discovery

Universal framework for discovery across apps, devices, operators

Notification alerts set through

User context determined by apps

LTE Direct leverages the global LTE ecosystem

Common global standard

Global LTE network

Global LTE devices from

We must make best use of all technologies for proximity services

Enhance relevancy of search

Privacy sensitive and battery efficient

Engage customers in close

LTE Direct provides privacy sensitive and

LTE Direct: A day out at the shopping center

LTE Direct is a device-to-device proximal discovery technology

All devices can broadcast needs and services via expressions

Lisa via Social Match:

Coffee Shop via Food Finder:

Smoothie Shop via Deal Finder:

Jamie via Friend Finder:

Services are efficiently mapped to Expressions

Mobile app leverages

Relevance is passively identified with no user/app intervention

Sale @ Smoothie Shop

Jamie @ Friend Finder

Communication via traditional LTE or Wi-Fi/Wi-Fi Direct

LTE Direct efficiently utilizes LTE spectrum for discovery

Uses LTE licensed spectrum

Negligible impact to capacity

Utilizes <1% of uplink resources1

LTE Direct resources are managed by mobile operators

Jamie @ Friend Finder

Alex @ Friend Finder