f forte

loud

cantabile

in a singing style

p piano

quiet / soft

legato

smoothly

mf mezzo forte

quite loud

staccato

detached (hop)

mp mezzo piano

quite quiet

slur

play all notes inside the slur legato

ff

fortissimo

very loud

pause

pause (rest) on the note

pp pianissimo

very quiet

espress. espressivo

expressive

dim. diminuendo

gradually get quieter

dolce

sweetly

decresc. decrescendo

gradually get quieter

grazioso

gracefully

cresc.

gradually get louder

giocoso

playfull, merry

play the note louder

sostenuto

sustained

crescendo

Accent
Fp Fortepiano

loud, then immediately quiet

semi-staccato

a little detached

sFz / sF Sforzando

forced, accented

staccatissimo

as short as possible

tenuto

slightly more pressure (half accent)

amore

love

calando

getting softer, dying away

anima

spirit, soul

morendo

dying away

forza

force

perdendosi

dying away

delicate

delicate

al niente

to nothing

leggiero

light, nimble

estinto

as soft as possible, lifeless

mesto

sad

rF / rFz rinforzando

reinforcing

tristamente triste.

very sad, sorrowful

scherzando/scherzoso

playful, joking

lento

slow

energico

energetic

adagio

slow

agitato

agitated

andante

at a medium speed

risoluto

resolute (bold, strong)

moderato

moderately

brio

vigour

allegretto

quite fast

deciso

decisive (with determination)

allegro

fast

semplice

simple

accel. accelerando

gradually get faster

ritmico

rhythmically

rall.

rallentando

gradually get slower

marziale

in a marching style

rit.

ritardando

gradually get slower

ad lib. ad libitum

at choice (play freely)

grave

very slow, solemn

facile

easy

largo

slow, stately

amabile

amiable (pleasant)

larghetto

quite slow

affettuoso

tenderly

andantino

slightly faster than andante

appassionato

passionately

vivace/vivo

lively, quick

fuoco

fire

presto

very fast

nobilmente

nobly

allargando

broadening

sonoro

resonant, with rich tone

maestoso

majestic

cantando

singing

adagietto

quite slow

dolente

sad, mournful

largamente

broadly

dolore

grief

animato

animated, lively

lacrimoso

sad

tranquillo

calm

piangevole

plaintive, in the style of a lament

pesante

heavy

piacevole

pleasant

animando

becoming lively

teneremente/teneremezza

tenderly

stringendo

gradually getting faster

lusingando

coaxing, sweetly and persuasive

alla breve

in a minim beat, faster tempo

smorzando

dying away in tone and speed

rubato

with some freedom of time

affrettando

hurrying

veloce

swift

volante

flying fast

incalzando

getting faster

doppio movimento

double movement (twice as fast)

72 crotchet beats in a minute

et

and

repeat marks

un / une

one

tempo

speed/time (a tempo - in time)

mais

but

fine

the end

non

not

D.C Da Capo

repeat from the beginning

tres

very

D.S Dal Segno

repeat from the sign

peu

little

8va (above or below)

play an octave above or below

assez

enough

poco

a little

avec

with

al, alla

in the manner of

sans

without

con, col

with

plus

more

ma

but

moins

less

non

not

lent

slow

meno

less

modere

moderately

piu

more

vite

fast

molto

much

vif

lively

troppo

too much

cedez

yield, relax the speed

senza

without

presser

hurry

sim. Similie

in the same way (similar)

anime

animated, lively

moto / mosso

movement

retenu

held back

ben

well

ralentir

slow down

sempre

always

douce

sweet

tanto

so much

legerement

light

subito

suddenly

en dehors

prominent

comodo

comfortable, convenient

primo / prima

first

und

and

seconda

second

ein

one

volta

time

aber

but

come

similar to, as

nicht

not

giusto

exact

sehr

very

listesso

the same

wenig

little

quasi

as if, resembling

mit

with

possibile

possible

ohne

without

sopra

above

immer

always

sotto

below

wieder

again

voce

voice

etwas

rather

loco

normal (play at normal pitch)

langsam

slow

lunga

long

breit

broad

misura

measure

massig

moderate

ossia

or, alternatively

schnell

fast

pochettino poch.

very little

lebhaft

lively

tosto

swift, rapid

frohlich

cheerful, joyful

segue

go straight on

traurig

sad

attacca

go straight on

ruhig

peaceful

bewegt

with movement, agitated

einfach

simple

zart

tender, delicate

suss

sweet

ausdruck

expression

and