CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

This circuit helps you to manage your appliances in your home devoid of getting off
from your bed. All you need is to just clap or you can puff in front of the
microphone and after that, the device attached to the microphone becomes ON or
OFF.

The plus points of this circuit are as follow:

At the same time, you can either ON or OFF up to three devices.

To ON or OFF the device, it is not necessary for you to shift from your place.

It will give you visual indication of the appliances also like it is ON or OFF.

CHAPTER 2
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

2.1 Circuit Components:

IC

NE555 1

7490 1

Resistor

R1, R2 (10K) 2

R3, R4 (100K) 2

R6, R7, R8, R9 (100E) 4

R10, R11, R12, R13, R5 (1K) 5

VR1 (1K) 1

C1,C2,C3,C4(.1uf) 4

T1 (BC548) 1

T2,T3,T4,T5(BC547) 4

LED 3

MIC 1

RELAY 4,Switch 1
CHAPTER 3

BASIC Circuitry
The main electronic components of clap switch are:
1. MICRO PHONE:
Microphone pick ups the sound signal and convert the sound signal into electrical
signal. So it acts as a transducer.
2. AMPLIFIER:
It picks up the weak electrical signal and amplifies those weak signals. The BC 548
Transistor acts as amplifier.
3. NE 555 TIMER:
This 555 timer generates the one short pulses and it is followed by the decade counter.
4.7490 DECADE COUNTER:

It pick up the signals from timer and counts the numbers from 0 t0 9 so that corresponding
appliances will ON. Based on the corresponding functioning of relay.
5. LED:
Out put of the corresponding relay is given to the led, if led is blown it indicates that
the corresponding appliance connected to the relay is on otherwise it is off.

CHAPTER 4
CLAP SWITH CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION AND ITS WORKING:
This circuit is mainly built in the region of the two ICs along with a few other components 4.1 NE555 Timer This IC is basically configured in the monostable state. In this mode, the
555 works like a one-shot pulse producer. Applications comprise timers, lost pulse recognition,
bounce free switches, contact switches, frequency separator, capacitance measurement, pulsewidth modulation (PWM) and lots of more.
IC 555 timer is a one of the far and wide used IC in the field of electronics and is employed in
different varieties of electronic circuits for its properties like robustness and stability. It is used
to produce square-wave having duty cycle with a range from 50% to 100%, Oscillator can also
offer time delay in circuits. The 555 timer got its forename from the three 5k ohm resistor
coupled in a voltage-divider pattern.
The circuit used to make a 555 timer in monostable is:

4.2 IC 555 TIMER PIN DISCRIPTION:

Pin
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Function

Name

Ground (0V)
Voltage below 1/3 Vcc to trigger the pulse
Pulsating output
Active low; interrupts the timing interval at Output
Provides access to the internal voltage divider; default 2/3
Vcc
The pulse ends when the voltage is greater than Control
Open collector output; to discharge the capacitor
Supply voltage; 5V (4.5V - 16 V)

Ground
Trigger
Output
Reset
Control Voltage
Threshold
Discharge
Vcc

As you can observe, the trigger input is detained HIGH by the 10 k drag up resistor moreover
is pulsed LOW at the time the trigger switch is pushed. The circuit is triggered by a declining
edge, that is, by a rapid move from HIGH to LOW.

The trigger pulse, created by pressing the button, has to be of less period than the proposed
output pulse.
The period, t, of the output pulse can be calculated from the design equation:
T=1. 1 (R*C)

4.3 IC 7490 This IC is basically a decade as well as a binary counter. This IC holds four master
slave flip flop along with divided by two as well as divided by five counter. It can also be
employed as divided by 9 counter by linking Q0 by the clock input pin1 (CP1) and in addition to
it giving clock pulse to CP0 which is on pin 14. This IC can also be worked like a divided by 6
counter by just linking Q0 along with CP0 and providing input pulse at CP1.
9 different ways of combinations are being provided by the IC 7490 for ON and OFF of the
four totally different appliances in 9 claps. In the same way, 7492 IC is as well available in the
market which will give you 11 fully different groups of output for the purpose of controlling the
four numbers of appliances. And one more type of IC that is 7493 is available in the market
which offers 15 different varieties to hold the four appliances.
When you clap or puff on face of the microphone, microphone transferred the sound of clapping
into the electrical energy. Now, the transistor which works as a preamplifier enlarges these week
signals. With the help of variable resistor VR1, the sensitivity of the signal can be enhanced.
Now the output from the transistor T1 is supplied to the monostable circuit which connects to
NE555 IC.
At the time you clapped in front of the microphone, pin 3 output of IC1 moves to high state and
this is given to the pin 14 clock input of IC2. Now the output of IC2 is given to the transistor T2T4 with the help of 100 ohm resistor to drive the related relay attached to it. To indicate the states
of the different appliances, different colors of LED is also connected with the circuit. Glowing of
the LED indicates that the appliance is ON while if LED will not glow it indicates that the
device isOFF. The stages of the output for IC7490 (Q0-Q3) for the different number of claps is
being displayed in the table below.
4.4 TRUTH TABLE FOR IC 7490

In the above table, logic 1 shows that the corresponding transistor carries out to
energize the equivalent relay and the device linked with it activated. While the logic
0 in the above table shows that the device is inactive state.
4.3 BC 547 & 548 TRANSISTOR DATA SHEETS:

CHAPTER 5
5.1 ALTERNATIVES TO CLAP SWITCH
9 different ways of combinations are being provided by the IC 7490 for ON and
OFF of the four totally different appliances in 9 claps.
In the same way, 7492 IC is as well available in the market which will give you 11
fully different groups of output for the purpose of controlling the four numbers of
appliances.
One more type of IC that is 7493 is available in the market which offers 15 different
varieties to hold the four appliances.

CHAPTER 6

FUTURE SCOPE
We can increase the range of this equipment by better mic.
We can use this as remote controller.

CHAPTRER 7
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES:

7.1 Advantages:
It is used to turn something (e.g. a lamp) on and off from any location (e.g.
while lying on the bed) simply by clapping your hand.
It involves elderly and mobility impaired persons.
No fear of electrical shocks as you not required to touch any of mechanical
switches physically.
7.2 Disadvantage:
It cumbersome to have to clap ones hand to turn something ON/OFF.
Unnecessary disturbances may occur while using in the apartments.

Also, generally seen as simpler for most cases to use traditional switches.

CHAPTER 8
APPLICATIONS:
Clap switch generally used for a light , television, radio or similar electronic
devices that the person will want to turn ON /OFF from the bed.
Clap activated switch device will serve well in different phono controlled
applications.
The primary application involves elderly or mobility impaired persons.

CHAPTER 9
CONCLUSION:
The clap activated switching device function properly by responding to the
both hand claps about 3 to 4 meter away and finger tap sound at very close
range,
since both are low frequency sounds and produce
the same pulse wave features. This resulting circuit
is realizable and had good reliability and its
relatively inexpensive.

CHAPTER 9
REFERENCES:

Electronics Hub.org

www.HowStuffWorks.com
www.webopedia.com