Overview on 3G

ZTE University
TD&W&PCS BSS Course Team

Objectives

At the end of this course, you will be able to:

Understand evolution of mobile communications
Master UMTS Features and 3G frequency allocation
Master WCDMA Standard Evolution
Understand ZTE WCDMA Features

Content

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Standardization Organizations of 3G
WCDMA Development and Evolution
ZTE WCDMA Features

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Basic Concepts of Communication---Mobile Communication

Mobile communication is the communication between

mobile bodies or that between mobile body and fixed
body. Mobile communication has some features
compared with fixed communication:
f Mobility, keep communicating in the mobile state.
f Complicated radio propagation conditions.
f Heavy noise and interference.
f Complicated system and network structure.
f Efficiency utilization of bandwidth and good performance of

system are needed.

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Basic Concepts of Communication---Multiple Access

Multiple Access: Simultaneous private use of a transmission medium
by multiple, independent users.

Why Multiple Access?

f Increased capacity: serve more users

Transmission

f Reduced capital requirements since fewer

media can carry the traffic

Medium

f Decreased per-user expense

Types of Transmission Medium:

Each pair of users enjoys a

dedicated, private circuit
through the transmission
medium, unaware that the
other users exist.

f Twisted pair
f Coaxial cable
f Fiber optic cable
f Air interface (radio signals)

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Basic Concepts of Communication---Multiple Access

FDMA-- Frequency Division Multiple Access

f Each user on a different frequency
f A channel is a frequency

FDMA
Power
T im

u
eq
Fr

cy
en

TDMA-- Time Division Multiple Access

f Each user on a different window period
TDMA
in time (which is called time-slot)
f A channel is a specific time slot on a specific frequency Power
CDMA-- Code Division Multiple Access
f A channel is a unique code pattern
f Each user uses the same frequency all the time, but
mixed with different distinguishing code patterns

Tim

Fr

y
enc
equ

CDMA
Power
Tim
e

eq
Fr

y
nc
ue

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Basic Concepts of Communication---- Duplex

Why Duplex?

TDD

f Separate Unlink and Downlink signals

f Make sure the transmission to each end can be

DUDDDDDD

fulfilled at the same time

Time Division Duplex (TDD)

FDD

f Uplink and Downlink share the same frequency

Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)

DDDDDD

f Uplink and Downlink use respective frequencies

to fulfill the transmission

U

Uplink

Downlink

Unused

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Mobile communications existed half a century ago, but it

was in the 1980s that it was really developed.

The main goal of mobile communications is to realize

communication among any objects at any time, and in
any place.

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Public Land mobile communications system (PLMN)

has gone through 3 stages:

f 1. First Generation ----Analog Mobile Telephone System
f 2. Second Generation----Digital Mobile Communications System
f 3. Third Generation----IMT-2000

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Evolution of Mobile Communications

1G
1G

GSM

AMPS

TACS
NMT

S
p
e Requirement
e
c
h

D
a
t
a

CDMA
IS95
TDMA
IS-136

Others

PDC

Analog
Analog

3G
3G
(IMT-2000)
(IMT
(IMT-2000)

2G
2G

Digital
Digital

WCDMA
W
i
S
d
p
e Requirement e
b
e
a
c
n
h
d

S
e
r
v
i
c
e

CDMA2000
TD-SCDMA
Wimax

Wideband
Wideband
Multimedia
Multimedia

Evolution of Mobile Communication

1G --Analog Mobile Telephone System

1. The first generation mobile communications
Analog cellular mobile communications
1) Features:
y

frequency division multiple access (FDMA)

analog signal

narrow band

2) Representative Systems:
y

North-Americans AMPS

Britains TACS

North Europeans NMT-450/900

Evolution of Mobile Communication

2G --Digital Mobile Telephone System

2. The second generation mobile communications
Digital cellular mobile communication
1) Features:
y

time division multiple access (TDMA)

narrow code division multiple access (N-CDMA)

digital signal

narrow band

2)Representative Systems:
y

pan-European GSM

American D-AMPS

American N-CDMA(CDMA IS-95)

Japans PDC

Evolution of Mobile Communication

3G -- IMT-2000 (UMTS)
3. The third generation mobile communications
Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
IMT-2000 (UMTS)
1) Features:
y

code division multiple access (CDMA)

digital signal

broadband

2) Meaning of 2000 :
y

frequency spectrum around 2000MHz

data rate up to 2000kbps

putting into business about year 2000

3) Representative Systems:
WCDMA CDMA2000 TD-SCDMA

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Why we use 3G?

Limited frequency resource:

f Present frequency cannot satisfy the need of mobile

communications development.
f The frequency efficiency of 2G is lower than that of 3G.

Need of mobile multi-media:

f Mobile data service will be the necessary product
f of the combination of mobile communication and Internet.
f The feature of 3G is the transmission capability of
f providing data service in high rate.

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Multiple Services

Evolution of Mobile Communication

The Goal of 3G

Higher transmit rate

Rich and colorful service

Good voice quality

Larger capacity

Lower cost

Good secret performance

High frequency efficiency

Easy to transition from 2G

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Data Rate of IMT-2000

Voice
4.75Kb/s -- 12.2Kb/s

Data
y

Fast mobile environment- 144Kb/s

From outdoor to indoor or walking - 384Kb/s

indoors- 2Mb/s

Content

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Standardization Organizations of 3G
WCDMA Development and Evolution
ZTE WCDMA Features

Standardization Organizations of 3G

3G Radio Transmit Technology Standard

WCDMA

TD-SCDMA CDMA 2000

IMT-DS
CDMA DS

IMT-TD
CDMA TDD

UMTS FDD

UMTS TDD

UWC-136

E-DECT

IMT-SC
IMT-2000
TDMA SC

IMT-FT
IMT-2000
FDMA/TD
MA

IMT-MC
CDMA MC

IS-136

DECT

Standardization Organizations of 3G

Standardization Organizations of 3G
ITU

Japan

Korea

China

American

Europe

American

10

Standardization Organizations of 3G

3GPP in the World

3GPP - Third Generation Partnership
Project
ARIB - Association of Radio Industries
and Businesses
CWTS - China Wireless
Telecommunication Standard group
ETSI - European Telecommunications
Standards Institute
T1 - Standards Committee T1
Telecommunications
TTA - Telecommunications
Technology Association
TTC - Telecommunication Technology
Committee
GSM - Global System for Mobile
Communications
UMTS - Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System
IETF - Internet Engineering Task
Force
ITU-R - International
Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication
ITU-T - International
Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization

Standardization Organizations of 3G

3G Frequency Band Allocation

3G Core Band

ITU

NULL

TDD

20

20

DECT TDD

Europe/Japan
20
FDD-U

China

30

20

FDD-D TDD TDD

30

20

20

1755 1785 1850 1880 1900 1920

FDD-U

60
FDD-U

60
FDD-U

60
1980

SAT

TDD

NULL

30

15

85

MBB

TDD

NULL

30

15

85

SAT

TDD

NULL

30

15

85

2010 2025

FDD-D

60
FDD-D

60
FDD-D

TDD

60
2100

100
2170

2300

2400

11

Content

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Standardization Organizations of 3G
WCDMA Development and Evolution
ZTE WCDMA Features

WCDMA Development and Evolution

WCDMA Standard Evolution

Already commercialized

Max. data rate: 2Mbps

UL : 384Kbps
2000.3

HSDPA introduced

DL : 384Kbps

Control and bearing

separating

Iu interface introduced

Multimedia domain
(IMS) introduced

R99

R4

DL : 2Mbps

UL : 384Kbps

R5

DL : 14.4Mbps

UL : 384Kbps

HSUPA introduced

MBMS

R6

DL : 14.4Mbps

UL : 5.72Mbps

ata rate
Higher d

2001.3

2002.6

Function freezing time

12

WCDMA Development and Evolution

WCDMA subscribers forecast

Informal forecast (reference from GSA): in 3 years, WCDMA subs. will

reach 500 million. There into, there will be 300 million in Europe, 150
million in Asia Pacific and 50 million in Africa/Americas/Middle East

WCDMA Development and Evolution

WCDMA and HSPA Deployments

13

Content

Evolution of Mobile Communication

Standardization Organizations of 3G
WCDMA Development and Evolution
ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTE 3G Total Solution

Service
Service Platform
Platform
Management Platform

SS7

SCP

Sigtran

Service
Platform

Service
Gateway

Service
Portal

WAP Gateway

Internet

Core
Core Network
Network
MSC
Server

GGSN

HLR
SGSN

MGW

GSM/GPRS
BSS

PSTN/ISDN

RNC

RNC

UTRAN
UTRAN
Pico
Node B
RRU

Indoor
Micro
Node B

Indoor
Macro
Node B

Base Band Pool

RRU

Outdoor
Micro
Node B

Outdoor
Macro Node
B

RRU

RRU

RRU

14

ZTE WCDMA Features

Competitive 3G Solution Provider

HSDPA/GSM/WCDMA
HSDPA/GSM/WCDMA

TD-SCDMA
TD
TD-SCDMA

Commercial system based

Full series of commercial system

on R99/R4/R5, one-stop

Leading solution with maturity

end to end solution

and capability

Commercial deployment in

50%+ market share in China

global market

Unified V3 IP
Platform
CDMA
CDMA 2000
2000

NGN
NGN
NGN
NGN
Top 1 brand in China

Top 1 brand in China

Deployed in over 60 countries,

Global footprint

over 80M lines, 22000 macro

The exclusive vendor of worlds

BTS and 8000 micro BTS and

largest NGN for China Telecom.

RRU

ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTE Mobile Networks Reference

NORWAY
ZTE

UKRAINE
ZTE

GEORGIA KAZAKHSTAN

ZTE
ZTE
UZBEKISTAN
ZTE
TAJIKISTAN
ZTE
ZTE
ZTE
ZTE
KUWAIT

KUWAIT

ZTE

ALGERIA
ZTE
ZTE
ZTE

BENIN

ZTE
ZTE

BRAZIL

ZTE

ZTE GSM

SAUDI
ARABIA
ETHIOPIA

CONGO
ZTE

ZTE
ZTE

SOMALIA

ZTE ZTE

CHINA

ZTE

PAKISTAN
ZTE
ZTE INDIA

ZTE

ZTE
SOMALIA
ZTE

ZTE
ZTE

ZTE

VIETNAM

ZTE

Sri Lanka

KENYA

ZAMBIA
ZTE
ZTE

ZTE
ZTE ZTE

INDONESIA
EAST TIMOR
ZTE

ZTE

ZTE

ZTE CDMA

CHILEARGENTINA

ZTE UMTS

ZTE

EGYPT

NIGERIA
ZTE

PERU

ZTE
ZTE

NIGER

ZTE

COLOMBIA

ZTE
RUSSIA
ZTE

GSM/GPRS: used in over 35 countries, total capacity more than 70 million lines
CDMA2000: used in over 60 countries, total capacity more than 50 million lines
WCDMA: used in over 20 countries

15

ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTEs WCDMA
Worldwide Application, world-class Quality
Country

Operator

Network Mode

Libya

Libyana

GSM/WCDMA

Tajikistan

Indigo

GSM/WCDMA

Estonia

Bravocom

WCDMA

Ethiopia

ETC

GSM/WCDMA

Nepal

NTC

GSM/WCDMA

ni
to
Es

ZTEs
WCDMA
commercial
system
has
successfully launched on nearly 20 countries
including Libya, Tunis, Estonia, Ethiopia, Nepal,
Tajikistan. In the expansion of oversea market,
with ZTEs V3 series commercial system, we
successfully set up the solo network, 2G/3G hybrid
network and various network constructions on the
basis of R99 or R4 version.

Tu
n is

Ta j
ikis

ZTE
l
pa
Ne

tan

ZTE WCDMA Features

Libya
Large Scale Commercial Application
one of the few profitable
WCDMA large Scale networks

Libya
Libya

Network Scale
Speciality

Phase: 1.8 Million line GSM/WCDMA core network,

adopted ZTEs WCDMA V3 platforms, finished at the end
of 2005.
Phase: 1 million line WCDMA, covering the Capital,
Tripoli and the other 14 main cities, can serve 90% of the
population in Libya.
Fast growth of subscriber: The number of subscribers
broke through 300,000 at the end of 2006.

R4 architecture; GSM and WCDMA hybrid network;

support 2G/3G handover and roaming
Both Pre-paid and Post-paid are available
Thousands of dual mode mobile subscribers can
smoothly migrate to 3G network
Within 3 months, finished the construction and
optimization of 1 M lines 3G network
HSDPA

in scale application, smoothly evolve to

HSPA+

16

ZTE WCDMA Features

Tajikistan
The Largest WCDMA Application in Middle Asia

PSTN

ZXWN
MSC Server

ZXWN GGSN(10k)

Internet
Existing GSM
MSC

ZXWN SGSN
ZXWN MGW

Link

ZTE built up the commercial WCDMA network

ZXWN HLR

in the capital Dushanbe and the second largest

Traffic
Data Link

city Khujand. 3G Subscriber can easily roam

ZXWR RNC

between the two cities and inter-work with the

ZXWR Node B

2G or fixed line network.

2G and 3G share the same core network with

Dushanbe
ZXWR Node B

Khujand

150,000 capacity.

ZTE WCDMA Features

Nepal
First WCDMA application in Southern Asia
NTCNepal Telecomis the only one operator in Nepal that
offer a full service of fixed telephone, broadband, mobile
services and etc.
750,000 lines of NTCs GSM network is provided by ZTE,
which covers Katmandu, the capital of Nepal and the number
of the subscribers is more than 250,000.

Network scale
UTRAN: 100,000 WCDMA subscribers, covering 90% area of the
capital
CN: 200,000 lines all based on R4

Network Features
The same PLMN networking mode, cell re-selection achieves 2G/3G
roaming.
High speed data rate service is available for visitors.

17

ZTE WCDMA Features

Brunei
Excellent KPI Network

Brunei, is the third biggest oil product country

in southeast-asia and the fourth biggest natural
gas product country in the world.

DST, is the biggest mobile operator in Brunei

In Oct.31, 2005, ZTEs WCDMA network at Brunei successfully passed the DSTs radio
performance and service test. It began to offer wholly 3G service and achieve 2G/3G access.

With only half of the schedule, ZTE finished the network construction and optimization, DST
highly commented ZTEs efficiency in network construction we are very satisfied with the
speed and the good quality.

ZTE achieved the theoretical maximum value in the online single cell test.

ZTE WCDMA Features

Tunis
Widely Recognized in High Value

The World Summit on the Information

Society (WSIS) was convened in Tunisia
ZTE gave a great and complete

during Nov.16th 18th, 2005

support to the communication

system of the WSIS.
In this summit, the government
leaders, guests and visitors of
more than 70 countries enjoyed

Tunisia

the good services in voice, data

and multimedia by WCDMA
network which was constructed by
ZTE.

18

ZTE WCDMA Features

ZTE WCDMA Latest Applications

For TM and Dialog, ZTE got

UMTS contract in Sri Lanka
in Apr 2007.

As to Etisalat, ZTE UMTS

products have been deployed
near Abu for commercial trial
in Nov 2006.

In Ethiopia, ZTE got a 15

million lines GSM/UMTS
contract in Mar 2007, and will
be the sole vender of the
whole network in future 3
years.

19