Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Pre-Service Modules
Discussion
Overview:
Pre-service reflection provides an opportunity for you to being to think about
what you want to get out of our service-learning experience in a meaningful
way. The concepts of power and privilege are dynamics that underlie all
social relationships. This module will focus on these concepts and task you
with connecting them with your previous experiences. Focused reflection of
your current and/or past perspectives and viewpoints can aid in the
After reading all of the posts submitted by your peers, please post a
response with the following prompt as guide:
Part 2
After reviewing your peers understanding of power and privilege, how are
they similar and different from yours? Were there any personal examples
that resonated with your own? Were there any that seemed the opposite?
What factors do you think contribute to this? Please provide examples that
directly connect to your peer's responses.
Based on your exploration of the similarities and differences between your
response and your peers, please articulate some insights about the nature of
power and privilege that you have discovered.
Pre-Service Reflection Rubric
Discussion Assignment
Domain Being Assessed = Power and Privilege
The
Outcomes
The Assessment of those Outcomes Evidenced in Your
Your Work
Work
is to
Demonstr
ate
EXCELLENT
SATISFACTO NEEDS
UNSATISFACT
/VERY
RY
WORK
ORY
GOOD
What:
You have
You have
You have
You have
You are to
described
described
described
described your
describe
your current your current
your current
current
your
understandi understandin understanding understanding
current
ng of power g of power
of power and
of power and
understandi and
and privilege privilege in a
privilege in a
ng of power privilege in
in a way that limited way
way that
and
a complex
includes
that includes
includes few, if
privilege
way that
many
few personal
any personal
includes
personal
examples.
examples.
many
examples.
personal
examples.
So What:
You have
You have
You have
You have not
You are to
explored
explored
limitedly
explored
explore the
similarities
and
differences
of your
understandi
ng of power
and
privilege
compared
to your
peers.
Now
What:
You are to
articulate
new
insights
about
power and
privilege
several
similarities
and
differences
of your
understandi
ng of power
and
privilege
compared
to your
peers.
You have
included
several
references
to
classmates
understandi
ngs of
power and
privilege.
You have
articulated
3+ new
insights
about power
and
privilege.
some
similarities
and
differences of
your
understandin
g of power
and privilege
compared to
your peers.
explored
similarities
and
differences of
your
understanding
of power and
privilege
compared to
your peers.
You have
included
some
references to
classmates
understandin
gs of power
and
privilege.
You have
included
limited
references to
classmates
understanding
s of power
and privilege.
You have
articulated 2
new insights
about power
and
privilege.
You have
articulated 1
new insight
about power
and privilege.
similarities and
differences of
your
understanding
of power and
privilege
compared to
your peers.
You have
included no
references to
classmates
understandings
of power and
privilege.
You have
articulated no
new insight
about power
and privilege.
You are to
identify
course
theories,
concepts,
materials,
and/or
objectives
that relate
to your
service
learning
experience.
identified
several
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/r
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
identified
some
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
Identified
limited
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives and
your service
learning
experience.
So What:
You are to
describe
the
relevance
of your
service
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which
service
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
Now
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
The
Outcome
identified
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories,
objectives and
your service
learning
experience or
the
connections
you made are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning
or the
examples you
have provided
are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or guide
your future
learning.
Your Work
is to
Demonstr
ate
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
te meaning.
EXCELLENT
SATISFACTO NEEDS
/VERY
RY
WORK
GOOD
The writing
The writing
The writing
style you use style you use
style you
is suited to
is somewhat
use is well
the
suited to the
suited to
assignment
assignment
the
and the
and the
assignment
audience,
audience, and
and the
and conveys conveys
audience,
meaning with meaning
and conveys
few
somewhat
meaning
distractions
well with
well without
from
some
the
grammar,
distraction
distraction
syntax and
from
of grammar,
spelling
grammar,
syntax and
errors.
syntax and
spelling
spelling
errors.
errors.
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Blog
Overview
Pre-service reflection provides an opportunity for you to being to think about
what you want to get out of our service-learning experience in a meaningful
way. The concepts of power and privilege are dynamics that underlie all
social relationships. This module will focus on these concepts and task you
with connecting them with your previous experiences. Focused reflection of
your current and/or past perspectives and viewpoints can aid in the
development of a critical lens in which you will continually examine your
service-learning experience. Ideally, through this practice you will begin the
process of asking questions and making connections two factors that will
assist you in deepening your service-learning experience.
In addition to preparing you for your service-learning experience, this preservice blog module will provide you with the opportunity to deeply reflect on
your past experiences. Your past experiences may intersect in various ways
with this service-learning opportunity. This module will assist you in making
these initial connections.
Resources:
-Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack
- Social Identities
- What is Privilege?
-Taxonomy of Power
Part 1
After reviewing Peggy McIntosh's "White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible
Backpack" (see resource section), please generate a list of 5 privileges that
are associated with your various social identities. As a reminder, these
identities can include race, gender, sex, economic status, religious affiliation,
Part 2
How does the concept of privilege connect with course content? Are there
any tensions? Why or why not? If it is difficult to make this connection, try to
widen your reflection by thinking about how various social identities intersect
with the academic discipline (for example, being a woman in STEM). How do
you anticipate these privileges intersecting with your service learning
experience?
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
What:
You have
You are to
described
describe
several
personal
personal
examples of examples of
privilege
privilege
associated
associated
with your
with your
various
various
social
social
identities
identities in
a complex
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have
described
many person
examples of
privilege
associated
with your
various social
identities.
You have
described few,
if any, personal
examples of
privilege
associated with
your various
social identities
You have
described
personal
examples of
privilege
associated
with your
various social
identities in a
limited way.
So What:
You are to
examine
how these
examples
relate to
your
academic
discipline.
Now
What:
You are to
explore the
ways that
privilege
may arise
in your
servicelearning
experience.
way
You have
critically
examined
several
possible
ways in
which these
examples
relate to
your
academic
discipline.
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways
that
privilege
may arise in
your
servicelearning
experience.
You have
examined in
many ways
how these
examples
relate to your
academic
discipline.
You have
provided a
limited
examination
of how these
examples
relate to your
academic
discipline.
You have
provided no
examination of
how these
examples
relate to your
academic
discipline.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways
that privilege
may arise in
your servicelearning
experience
You have
included
limited
examples of
the ways that
privilege may
arise in your
servicelearning
experience.
You have
included no
examples of
the ways that
privilege may
arise in your
servicelearning
experience.
materials,
and/or
objectives
that relate
to your
service
learning
experience.
concepts,
theories
and/r
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
So What:
You are to
describe
the
relevance
of your
service
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which
service
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
Now
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
theories,
objectives and
your service
learning
experience or
the
connections
you made are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning
or the
examples you
have provided
are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or guide
your future
learning.
UNSATISFACT
/VERY
GOOD
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
te meaning.
The writing
style you
use is well
suited to
the
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning
well without
the
distraction
of grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
RY
WORK
ORY
The writing
style you use
is suited to
the
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning with
few
distractions
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
The writing
style you use
is somewhat
suited to the
assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
meaning
somewhat
well with
some
distraction
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Personal Power
Power over
Power within
Social Power
Power with
Example: Selected identity - Gender
(personal power over) A woman being coerced by a mans use of physical
intimidation to do what he wants.
(personal power within) A woman building self-confidence to become a
leader in her work.
(social power with) Men joining together to challenge sexism.
While the chart itself does not need to be included in your essay,
please answer the following prompt in the second part of your
essay:
What new information did you learn about power? Using the examples you
came up with as a guide, how do you foresee issues of power arising during
your service-learning experience?
What:
You are to
describe
your
current
understandi
ng of the
different
forms of
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
You have
described
your current
understandi
ng of power
in a
complex
way that
includes
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have
described
your current
understandin
g of power in
a way that
includes
many
personal
You have
described your
current
understanding
of power in a
way that
includes few, if
any personal
examples.
You have
described
your current
understanding
of power in a
limited way
that includes
few personal
examples.
power
many
personal
examples.
So What:
You have
You are to
connected
explore how your
your
understandi
understandi ng to at
ng of power least one of
connects to the forms of
different
power and
forms of
explored
power and
how it
different
impacts
social
several
identities.
different
social
identities
examples.
You have
connected
your
understandin
g to at least
one of the
forms of
power and
explored how
it impacts
many
different
social
identities.
You have
connected
your
understanding
to at least one
of the forms
of power and
limitedly
explored how
it impacts
different
social
identities.
Now
What:
You are to
articulate
new
insights
about
power and
how it
might arise
during your
service
learning
experience.
You have
articulated 2
new insights
about power
and how it
might arise
during your
service
learning
experience
You have
articulated 1
new insight
about power
and how it
might arise on
your service
learning
experience
You have
articulated no
new insight
about power
and how it
might arise on
your service
learning
experience.
You have
articulated
3+ new
insights
about power
and how it
might arise
during your
service
learning
experience
What:
You are to
identify
course
theories,
concepts,
materials,
and/or
objectives
that relate
to your
service
learning
experience.
You have
identified
several
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/r
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
You have
identified
some
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
You have
Identified
limited
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives and
your service
learning
experience.
So What:
You are to
describe
the
relevance
of your
service
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which
service
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
Now
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
The
Outcome
Your Work
is to
Demonstr
ate
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
te meaning.
Work
EXCELLENT
SATISFACTO NEEDS
/VERY
RY
WORK
GOOD
The writing
The writing
The writing
style you use style you use
style you
is suited to
is somewhat
use is well
the
suited to the
suited to
assignment
assignment
the
and the
and the
assignment
audience,
audience, and
and the
and conveys conveys
audience,
meaning with meaning
and conveys
few
somewhat
meaning
distractions
well with
well without
from
some
the
grammar,
distraction
distraction
syntax and
from
of grammar,
spelling
grammar,
syntax and
errors.
syntax and
spelling
spelling
errors.
errors.
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Pre-Service Multimedia
Overview:
Pre-service reflection provides an opportunity for you to being to think about
what you want to get out of our service-learning experience in a meaningful
way. The concepts of power and privilege are dynamics that underlie all
social relationships. This module will focus on these concepts and task you
with connecting them with your previous experiences. Focused reflection of
your current and/or past perspectives and viewpoints can aid in the
development of a critical lens in which you will continually examine your
service-learning experience. Ideally, through this practice you will begin the
process of asking questions and making connections two factors that will
assist you in deepening your service-learning experience.
In addition to preparing you for your service-learning experience, this preservice multimedia module will provide you the opportunity to begin to
reflect on the experiences you are bringing into your service-learning
opportunity in a unique way. Using images, this module you will assist you in
understanding the concepts of power and privilege and how they connect to
your daily experiences.
Resources:
-Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack
- Social Identities
- What is Privilege?
-Taxonomy of Power
photographs should correlate with the concept of power and three should
correlate with the concept of privilege. After you have taken the
photographs, please include a paragraph for each explaining how this image
connects to your understanding of the concept of power or privilege.
Part 2
Finally, conclude your post by identifying how these concepts may intersect
with your service-learning experience. In other words, how do you foresee
the concepts of power and privilege arising during your service-learning
experience?
connect
with your
current
understandi
ng of power
and
privilege.
understandi
ng of power
and
privilege to
these
images in a
complex
way that
includes
several
personal
examples.
understandin
g of power
and privilege
to these
images way
that includes
many
personal
examples.
understanding
of power and
privilege to
these images
in using
personal
examples.
of power and
privilege to
these images
in limited way
that includes
few, if any,
personal
examples.
Now
What:
You are to
explore the
ways the
concepts of
power and
privilege
may arise
in your
servicelearning
experience.
You have
explored the
ways the
concepts of
power and
privilege
may arise in
your
servicelearning
experience
using
several
examples.
You have
explored the
ways the
concepts of
power and
privilege
may arise in
your servicelearning
experience
using a few
examples.
You have
explored the
ways the
concepts of
power and
privilege may
arise in your
servicelearning
experience
using one
example.
materials,
and/or
objectives
that relate
to your
service
learning
experience.
concepts,
theories
and/r
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives and
your service
learning
experience.
So What:
You are to
describe
the
relevance
of your
service
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which
service
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
Now
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
theories,
objectives and
your service
learning
experience or
the
connections
you made are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning
or the
examples you
have provided
are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or guide
your future
learning.
UNSATISFACT
/VERY
GOOD
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
te meaning.
The writing
style you
use is well
suited to
the
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning
well without
the
distraction
of grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
RY
WORK
ORY
The writing
style you use
is suited to
the
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning with
few
distractions
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
The writing
style you use
is somewhat
suited to the
assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
meaning
somewhat
well with
some
distraction
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Mid-Service Modules
opportunity to think about how what you are learning can relate to your
other current learning experiences, both in and outside the classroom.
Resources:
Websites and chapters to reference with questions about Power and Privilege
Explore these readings for better understanding topics, terms, and systems
of power and privilege
http://www.agjohnson.us/glad/what-is-a-system-of-privilege/
https://feminsttheoryreadinggroup.wordpress.com/2010/11/23/marilyn-fryethe-politics-of-realityoppression/
http://mlkkpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/documentsentry/doc_the_drum_
major_instinct/
https://buildingabetterworld.wordpress.com/links/social-justice-educationinterrogating-powerprivilege-race-class-gender-and-more/
Further Reading
These resources provide deeper understanding of the concepts surrounding
your service learning
experience, as well as provide even more resources if you seek to explore
more in depth.
http://www.agjohnson.us/books/privilege/excerpt-from-privilege-power-anddifference/
http://caps.ucsf.edu/wordpress/wpcontent/uploads/2013/05/PowerPrivilegeResourceList.pdf
http://www.paulkivel.com/component/jdownloads/finish/1/50/0?Itemid=31
During this discussion reflection exercise you will you will:
Articulate questions which will prompt classmates to name their personal
privilege
Respond to classmates discussion points in a thoughtful way which
challenges their peers to think critically about their own power and privilege
Create a plan for how such discussions and conversation could facilitated in
a face to face context
Discussion Instructions:
This assignment is intended to prompt students to interact with and have
productive, respectful conversations with their classmates around the
concepts of power and privilege. The first part of this assignment is to write
a brief (two paragraph) summary of your service learning assignment and
what your responsibilities are there. Within this summary please include
your experience with privilege on site.
Each student is then to respond to two of their classmates (assigned) twice.
This should result in a conversation that looks like this: Summary, response
from classmate, response to classmate, response from classmate, response
to classmate. Thus in total each student will write one summary, two
responses to classmates and three responses from classmates.
The third part of this assignment is to plan a discussion with questions and
anticipated situations which could be instituted in the classroom, rather than
on-line. Two students will be selected at random to execute their plan in a
classroom setting.
is to
Demonstr
ate
What:
You are to
clearly
articulate
questions
which
enable
classmates
to
recognize
their
privilege.
So What:
Respond to
classmates
discussion
points in a
thoughtful
way which
challenges
their peers
to think
critically
about their
own power
and
privilege
Now
What:
Create a
plan for
how such
discussions
and
conversatio
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
You asked
thought
provoking
questions
which
encouraged
classmates
to name
their
privilege in
a
meaningful
way.
You have
responded
to
classmates
discussion
points in a
thoughtful
in an
outstanding
way which
challenges
them to
think
critically
about their
own power
and
privilege.
You have
created an
excellent
plan which
would allow
for a
discussion
of this
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have
asked
questions
which
encouraged
classmates
to name their
privilege on
a surface
level.
You have
asked
questions
which only
encouraged
classmates to
name their
privilege in a
roundabout
way.
You have
responded to
classmates
discussion
points in a
thoughtful
way which
challenges
them to think
about their
own power
and
privilege.
You have
responded to
classmates
discussion
points in a
thoughtful
way which
without
challenging
them to think
critically
about their
own power
and privilege.
You have
created a
plan which
would allow
for a
discussion of
this nature to
happen in a
You have
created a plan
which would
allow for a
discussion of
this nature to
happen in a
facilitated in
n could
facilitated
in a face to
face
context
nature to
happen in a
facilitated in
classroom
conversatio
n.
facilitated in
classroom
conversation,
but it could
have some
problems or
lack
respectful
room for
diverse
responses.
classroom
conversation
with little
thought for
how the
conversation
may play out
in the
classroom
setting.
classroom
conversation
with little
respectful
discussion
which could be
generated.
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
Now
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
or informed
your learning
or the
examples you
have provided
are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or guide
your future
learning.
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
te meaning.
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
The writing
style you
use is well
suited to
the
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning
well without
the
distraction
of grammar,
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use
is suited to
the
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning with
few
distractions
from
grammar,
syntax and
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
The writing
style you use
is somewhat
suited to the
assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
meaning
somewhat
well with
some
distraction
from
syntax and
spelling
errors.
spelling
errors.
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
syntax and
spelling errors.
Resources:
Websites and chapters to reference with questions about Power and Privilege
Explore these readings for better understanding topics, terms, and systems
of power and privilege
http://www.agjohnson.us/glad/what-is-a-system-of-privilege/
https://feminsttheoryreadinggroup.wordpress.com/2010/11/23/marilyn-fryethe-politics-of-realityoppression/
http://mlkkpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/documentsentry/doc_the_drum_
major_instinct/
https://buildingabetterworld.wordpress.com/links/social-justice-educationinterrogating-powerprivilege-race-class-gender-and-more/
Further Reading
These resources provide deeper understanding of the concepts surrounding
your service learning
experience, as well as provide even more resources if you seek to explore
more in depth.
http://www.agjohnson.us/books/privilege/excerpt-from-privilege-power-anddifference/
http://caps.ucsf.edu/wordpress/wpcontent/uploads/2013/05/PowerPrivilegeResourceList.pdf
http://www.paulkivel.com/component/jdownloads/finish/1/50/0?Itemid=31
The
Outcomes
Your Work
is to
Demonstr
ate
What:
Discuss
power and
privilege in
a way that
is easily
understood
by many
types of
audiences
who might
access this
online
forum
So What:
Articulate
the ways in
which this
post
acknowledg
es your own
power and
privilege
and the
way this
makes you
feel
Work
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
You have
discussed
power and
privilege in
a way that
is easily
understood
by many
types of
audiences in
an
outstanding
way. This
discussion
uses three
personal
examples
which
others can
relate to.
You have
articulated
the ways in
which your
posts
acknowledg
es your own
power and
privilege
and the way
this this
acknowledg
ement
makes you
feel using at
least two
personal
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have
discussed
power and
privilege in a
way that is
easily
understood
by many
types of
audiences.
This
discussion
uses three
personal
examples
which others
can relate to.
You have
discussed
power and
privilege in a
way that is
not easily
understood
by many
types of
audiences.
This
discussion
uses few to
no personal
examples
which others
can relate to.
You have
articulated
the ways in
which your
posts
acknowledge
s your own
power and
privilege and
the way this
this
acknowledge
ment makes
you feel
using one or
less personal
illustration.
You have
articulated
the ways in
which your
posts
acknowledges
your own
power and
privilege and
the way this
this
acknowledge
ment makes
you feel
without using
appropriate
personal
illustrations.
Now
What:
Recognize
the way in
which other
online
media
acknowledg
e and apply
the
concepts of
power and
privilege
You have
recognized
the ways in
which other
online
media
acknowledg
e and
employ the
concepts of
power and
privilege,
citing at
least three
examples
and linking
to them in
your posts.
illustrations or
examples.
You have
You have
recognized
recognized
the ways in
the ways in
which other
which other
online media online media
acknowledge acknowledge
and employ
and employ
the concepts the concepts
of power and of power and
privilege,
privilege,
citing at least citing at least
one example three
and linking
examples
to it in your
without
post.
linking to
them or citing
them.
experience.
experience.
experience.
experience.
So What:
You are to
describe
the
relevance
of your
service
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which
service
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
Now
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
The writing
style you
use is well
suited to
the
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use
is suited to
the
assignment
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
The writing
style you use
is somewhat
suited to the
assignment
effectively
communica
te meaning.
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning
well without
the
distraction
of grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning with
few
distractions
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
and the
audience, and
conveys
meaning
somewhat
well with
some
distraction
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
EXCELLENT/
VERY GOOD
SATISFACT
ORY
NEEDS
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
What:
Articulate the
change to
this point in
the semester
in personal
understandin
g of power
and privilege.
You have
articulated the
change and
growth you
have
experienced in
your
understanding
of power and
privilege using
at least two
personal
examples.
So What:
Dissect a
specific type
of privilege
witnessed in
one scenario
of the service
learning
experience
Now What:
Identify
implications
of the
privilege that
has been
witnessed as
they relate to
the students
understandin
g of self.
You have
dissected an
experience with
power and
privilege
experienced
during your
service learning
experience,
citing your
example, which
could be more
detailed.
You have
clearly identified
implications of
power and
privilege as they
relate to your
life outside the
classroom as
well as to your
service learning
experience,
You have
attempted to
articulate the
change and
growth you
have
experienced in
your
understanding
of power and
privilege using
at least one
personal
example.
You have
attempted to
dissect an
experience with
power and
privilege
experienced
during your
service learning
experience,
citing an
example.
You have
attempted to
clearly identify
implications of
power and
privilege as
they relate to
your life outside
the classroom
as well as to
your service
personal
examples are
weak.
learning
experience,
personal
examples are
weak.
So What:
You are to
describe the
relevance of
your service
experience to
your learning
in the course.
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or has
informed your
learning.
SATISFACT
ORY
You have
identified
some
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your learning.
Now What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
You have
included a
detailed
description of
how the
You have
Included
some
description of
how the
What:
You are to
identify
course
theories,
concepts,
materials,
and/or
objectives
that relate to
your service
learning
experience.
EXCELLENT/
VERY GOOD
You have
identified
several
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories and/r
objectives and
your service
learning
experience.
NEEDS
WORK
You have
Identified
limited
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have not
identified
connections
between course
concepts,
theories,
objectives and
your service
learning
experience or
the connections
you made are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
examples of the
ways in which
service learning
may be
relevant to or
informed your
learning or the
examples you
have provided
are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
description of
how the
insights you
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
EXCELLENT/
VERY GOOD
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to effectively
communicate
meaning.
The writing
style you use
is well suited
to the
assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
meaning well
without the
distraction of
grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
SATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use
is suited to
the
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning with
few
distractions
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
NEEDS
WORK
The writing
style you use
is somewhat
suited to the
assignment
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning
somewhat
well with
some
distraction
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys limited
meaning and/or
evidences
notable
distraction from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Articulate the way in which your service site has changed your personal
perspective on power and privilege.
Multimedia Instructions:
This assignment is open ended and creative. A student can use any sort of
multimedia he or she chooses to illustrate the answer to the question below.
Using any of the following programs: video, Powerpoint, Xtranormal,
Goanimate, Animoto, or PowToons, the student should design a project that
will generate a presentation that lasts approximately 5 minutes that will
generate a conversation after the presentation among classmates lasting 20
minutes. The project is intended to be thought provoking and respectful.
Prompt:
Describe in a 10 minute multimedia presentation how your perception of
power and privilege has changed over the course of the last few weeks in
response to your service learning experience. Pose at least three questions
to your classmates for discussion during the course of your presentation.
understandi
ng of the
goal of
service
learning
service
learning
experience
using
several well
articulated
personal
examples.
So What:
You have
Utilize the
expertly
tools of
used the
multimedia tools of
to illustrate multimedia
your
to illustrate
learning
your
process
learning
thus far in
process
your service thus far in
learning
your service
and what it learning and
has taught
what it has
about
taught
power and
about power
privilege.
and
privilege.
experience
using a few
well
articulated
personal
examples.
experience
using one well
articulated
personal
example.
experience
using several
well articulated
personal
examples.
You have
used the
tools of
multimedia
to illustrate
your learning
process thus
far in your
service
learning and
what it has
taught about
power and
privilege.
Now
What:
Articulate
the way in
which your
service site
has
changed
your
personal
perspective
on power
and
privilege.
You have
articulated
the way in
which your
service site
has changed
your
personal
perspective
on power
and privilege
in an
outstanding
way, citing at
least one
personal
example.
You have
articulated
the way in
which your
service site
has changed
your personal
perspective
on power and
privilege
without using
any personal
examples.
You have
articulated
the way in
which your
service site
has
changed
your
personal
perspective
on power
and
privilege in
an
outstanding
way, citing
at least
three
personal
examples.
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or guide
your future
learning.
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
te meaning.
EXCELLENT
SATISFACTO NEEDS
/VERY
RY
WORK
GOOD
The writing
The writing
The writing
style you use style you use
style you
is suited to
is somewhat
use is well
the
suited to the
suited to
assignment
assignment
the
and the
and the
assignment
audience,
audience, and
and the
and conveys conveys
audience,
meaning with meaning
and conveys
few
somewhat
meaning
distractions
well with
well without
from
some
the
grammar,
distraction
distraction
syntax and
from
of grammar,
spelling
grammar,
syntax and
errors.
syntax and
spelling
spelling
errors.
errors.
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Post-Service Modules
Post-Service Essay
Module Overview:
The post-service reflection essay provides a space for you to thread your
service-learning experiences together in a purposeful way. A focused study
on the progression of your understanding of power and privilege, that has
taken place over your semester, can deepen your understanding of its
interplay within your life.
In addition to providing closure to your service-learning experience,
post-service reflection can encourage action to name and identify power and
privilege in your future workplace.
During this reflection exercise, you will be able to:
What:
You are to
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
You have
expressed
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have
expressed
You have
expressed your
You have
expressed
express
changes of
understandi
ng of power
and
privilege as
it
developed
over the
semester
So What:
You are to
articulate
how power
and
privilege
surfaced
during your
servicelearning
experience
Now
What:
You are to
brainstorm
ways to
actively
name
power and
privilege in
daily life
changes of
understandi
ng of power
and
privilege as
it developed
over your
semester
that
includes
many
personal
examples
You have
articulated
how power
and
privilege
surfaced
during your
servicelearning
experience
with specific
connections
to personal
examples
You have
brainstorme
d 3-5 ways
to actively
name power
and
privilege in
your daily
life
some
changes of
understandin
g of your
power and
privilege and
included one
personal
example
little change
of
understanding
of your power
and privilege
and included
one personal
example
current
understanding
of power and
privilege in a
way that
includes few, if
any personal
examples.
You have
articulated
how power
and privilege
surfaced
during your
servicelearning
experience
but provided
minimal
personal
examples
You have
minimally
articulated
how power
and privilege
surfaced
during your
servicelearning
experience
but provided
minimal
personal
examples
You have
brainstormed
1 way to
actively name
power and
privilege in
your daily life
You have
brainstormed
2-3 ways to
actively
name power
and privilege
in your daily
life
You have no
way to actively
name power
and privilege in
your daily life
is to
Demonstr
ate
What:
You are to
identify
course
theories,
concepts,
materials,
and/or
objectives
that relate
to your
service
learning
experience.
So What:
You are to
describe
the
relevance
of your
service
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
Now
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
You have
identified
several
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/r
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which
service
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have
identified
some
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives
and your
service
learning
experience.
You have
Identified
limited
connections
between
course
concepts,
theories
and/or
objectives and
your service
learning
experience.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
future
learning.
future
learning.
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
te meaning.
EXCELLENT
SATISFACTO NEEDS
/VERY
RY
WORK
GOOD
The writing
The writing
The writing
style you use style you use
style you
is suited to
is somewhat
use is well
the
suited to the
suited to
assignment
assignment
the
and the
and the
assignment
audience,
audience, and
and the
and conveys conveys
audience,
meaning with meaning
and conveys
few
somewhat
meaning
distractions
well with
well without
from
some
the
grammar,
distraction
distraction
syntax and
from
of grammar,
spelling
grammar,
syntax and
errors.
syntax and
spelling
spelling
errors.
errors.
Post-Service Blog
Module Overview
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Blog Instructions
Your post-service blog provides a space for you to define power and privilege
in your own words in relation to your experiential learning. Include the
following in your entry:
Describe how the above image relates to your definition of power and
privilege. Articulate this definition, and describe an experience that is an
example of this definition. Afterward, take a moment to reflect how this
image is representative of other experiences you may have in the future.
How can you correct the image, and make sure no one is being pushed
down?
Post-Service Reflection Rubric
Blog Assignment
Domain Being Assessed = Power and Privilege
The
Outcomes
Your Work
is to
Demonstr
ate
What:
You can
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
You have
described
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have
described
You have
described no
You have
described one
describe
your
experiences
with power
and
privilege
using
imagery
words
So What:
Articulate
experiences
after their
servicelearning
experience
in relation
to power
and
privilege
Now
What:
Apply
experiences
of power
and
privilege to
other areas
outside of
several
personal
examples of
power and
privilege
associated
with your
experiences
using
imagery
words in a
complex
way
You have
articulated
your
experiences
, showing
progression
from the
beginning of
the
semester,
after your
servicelearning
experience
in relation
to power
and
privilege
several
personal
examples of
power and
privilege
associated
with your
experiences
using
imagery
words
personal
example of
power and
privilege
associated
with your
experiences
using imagery
words in a
complex way
personal
examples of
power and
privilege
associated with
your
experiences
using imagery
words in a
complex way
You have
articulated
your
experiences
after your
servicelearning
experience in
relation to
power and
privilege
You have
unclearly
articulated
your
experiences
after your
servicelearning
experience in
relation to
power and
privilege.
You have
applied your
experiences
of power
and
privilege to
2-3 other
areas
outside of
You have
applied your
experiences
of power and
privilege to
1-2 other
areas outside
of servicelearning
You have
applied your
experiences
of power and
privilege to
one other
area outside
of servicelearning
servicelearning
servicelearning
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
included no
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or guide
your future
learning.
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
te meaning.
EXCELLENT
SATISFACTO NEEDS
/VERY
RY
WORK
GOOD
The writing
The writing
The writing
style you use style you use
style you
is suited to
is somewhat
use is well
the
suited to the
suited to
assignment
assignment
the
and the
and the
assignment
audience,
audience, and
and the
and conveys conveys
audience,
meaning with meaning
and conveys
few
somewhat
meaning
distractions
well with
well without
from
some
the
grammar,
distraction
distraction
syntax and
from
of grammar,
spelling
grammar,
syntax and
errors.
syntax and
spelling
spelling
errors.
errors.
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Discussion Assignment
Domain Being Assessed = Power and Privilege
The
Outcomes
The Assessment of those Outcomes Evidenced in Your
Your Work
Work
is to
Demonstr
ate
EXCELLENT
SATISFACTO NEEDS
UNSATISFACT
/VERY
RY
WORK
ORY
GOOD
What:
You have
You have
You have
You have
Articulate
described
described
described
described your
what power your current your current
your current
current
and
understandi understandin understanding understanding
privilege
ng of power g of power
of power and
of power and
mean to
and
and privilege privilege in a
privilege in a
you
privilege in
in a way that limited way
way that
a complex
includes
that includes
includes few, if
way that
many
few personal
any personal
includes
personal
examples.
examples.
many
examples.
personal
examples.
So What:
You have
You have
You have
You have not
Identify
explored
explored
limitedly
explored
similarities
several
some
explored
similarities and
and
similarities
similarities
similarities
differences of
differences
and
and
and
your
in your
differences
differences of differences of understanding
definition of of your
your
your
of power and
power and
understandi understandin understanding privilege
privilege in
ng of power g of power
of power and
compared to
relation to
and
and privilege privilege
your peers.
your
privilege
compared to compared to
You have
compared
your peers.
your peers.
included no
to your
You have
You have
references to
peers.
included
included
classmates
some
limited
understandings
You have
references
to
references
to
of power and
included
classmates
classmates
privilege.
several
understandin
understanding
references
Now
What:
Reflect on
constant
change
within
personal
definition of
power and
privilege
to
classmates
understandi
ngs of
power and
privilege.
You have
articulated
3+ new
insights
about power
and
privilege.
gs of power
and
privilege.
s of power
and privilege.
You have
articulated 2
new insights
about power
and
privilege.
You have
articulated 1
new insight
about power
and privilege.
You have
articulated no
new insight
about power
and privilege.
So What:
You
described
the
relevance
of your
service
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
Now
What:
You have
applied the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which
service
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included no
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning
or the
examples you
have provided
are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or guide
your future
learning.
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
communica
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
The writing
style you
use is well
suited to
the
assignment
and the
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use
is suited to
the
assignment
and the
audience,
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
conveys
The writing
style you use
is somewhat
suited to the
assignment
and the
audience, and
te meaning.
audience,
and conveys
meaning
well without
the
distraction
of grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
and conveys
meaning with
few
distractions
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
conveys
meaning
somewhat
well with
some
distraction
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
Post-Service Multi-Media
Overview:
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.
Directions:
Using PicMonkey (http://www.picmonkey.com/collage) create a collage that
uses photography from your learning experience, images that reflect on what
power and privilege mean to you, and words that communicate your
conception of this theme. Arrange the images so they reflect your critical
thinking progression; how has your idea of power and privilege changed over
time?
What:
gather
images that
reflect your
experience
with power
and
privilege
this
semester
So What:
apply a
learning
progression
through
images of
how your
definition of
power and
privilege
has
changed
over the
semester
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
You have
identified
6+ images
that are
reflective of
the
concepts of
power and
privilege.
You have
made the
connection
between
your current
understandi
ng of power
and
privilege to
these
images in a
complex
way that
includes
several
personal
examples.
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
You have
identified 6
images that
are reflective
of the
concepts of
power and
privilege.
You have
identified 3-5
images that
are reflective
of the
concepts of
power and
privilege.
You have
identified few,
if any, images
that are
reflective of
the concepts of
power and
privilege.
You have
made the
connection
between
your current
understandin
g of power
and privilege
to these
images way
that includes
many
personal
examples.
You have
made the
connection
between your
current
understanding
of power and
privilege to
these images
in using
personal
examples.
Now
What:
Reflect on
the
progression
of your
understandi
ng of power
and
privilege
and name
what
moments in
the
semester
challenged
your idea of
power and
privilege.
You have
explored the
ways the
concepts of
power and
privilege
may arise in
your
servicelearning
experience
using
several
examples.
You have
explored the
ways the
concepts of
power and
privilege
may arise in
your servicelearning
experience
using a few
examples.
You have
explored the
ways the
concepts of
power and
privilege may
arise in your
servicelearning
experience
using one
example.
So What:
You are to
describe
the
relevance
of your
service
experience
to your
learning in
the course.
Now
What:
You are to
apply the
insights you
have
developed
to guide
your future
learning
You have
included
several
examples of
the ways in
which
service
learning
may be
relevant to
or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
included a
detailed
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included
some
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant
to or has
informed
your
learning.
You have
Included
limited
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning.
You have
Included
some
description
of how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
You have
included a
limited
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or
guide your
future
learning.
inappropriate.
You have
included no
examples of
the ways in
which service
learning may
be relevant to
or informed
your learning
or the
examples you
have provided
are
inappropriate.
You have
included no
description of
how the
insights you
have made
thus far can
inform or guide
your future
learning.
You are to
use
appropriate
conventions
to
effectively
EXCELLENT
/VERY
GOOD
The writing
style you
use is well
suited to
the
assignment
SATISFACTO NEEDS
RY
WORK
UNSATISFACT
ORY
The writing
style you use
is suited to
the
assignment
and the
The writing
style you use is
not suited to
the assignment
and the
audience, and
The writing
style you use
is somewhat
suited to the
assignment
and the
communica
te meaning.
and the
audience,
and conveys
meaning
well without
the
distraction
of grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
audience,
and conveys
meaning with
few
distractions
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
audience, and
conveys
meaning
somewhat
well with
some
distraction
from
grammar,
syntax and
spelling
errors.
conveys
limited
meaning
and/or
evidences
notable
distraction
from grammar,
syntax and
spelling errors.