Stats 2B03 Test #2 (Version 1)

November 18, 2014

Name:___________________________________________
(Last Name)
(First Name)
Student Number:_____________________
Day Class
Duration: 75 Minutes
Maximum Mark: 19

Instructor: Childs

This test paper consists of 18 multiple choice questions worth 1 mark each, and one question
worth 1 mark on proper computer card filling. Marks will NOT be deducted for wrong answers
(i.e., there is no penalty for guessing). QUESTIONS MUST BE ANSWERED ON THE
COMPUTER CARD with an HB PENCIL. Answer all questions. You are responsible for
ensuring that your copy of this paper is complete. Bring any discrepancy to the attention of your
invigilator. Only the McMaster standard Calculator Casio fx-991 is allowed.
1. A statistics student wants to test the hypothesis that a certain coin is a fair coin (i.e., that it is
equally likely to land on either heads or tails when it is flipped). The student flips the coin
200 times and obtains 116 heads. Using the 10% significance level, what is the conclusion?
(a) We conclude that the coin is not fair since 2.29 is greater than 1.645
(b) We conclude that the coin is not fair since the :-value is equal to .0060, which is less
than .10
(c) We conclude that the coin is not fair since the :-value is equal to .0119, which is less than
.10
(d) We conclude that the coin is not fair since 2.26 is greater than 1.645
(e) We conclude that the coin is not fair since 2.29 is greater than 1.28

2. Suppose that we want to test the hypothesis L! ." .# vs LE ." .# based on two
independent samples where both sample sizes are less than 30. The analysis requires that
both populations follow a normal distribution. What method could be used to check this
assumption?
(a) Test the hypothesis L! 5"# 5## vs LE 5"# 5## and see if the :-value is greater than
.10
(b) Test the hypothesis L! 5"# 5## vs LE 5"# 5## and see if the :-value is less than .!&
(c) Construct a normal probability plot for each sample and see if the points fall close to a
straight line.
(d) Find a confidence interval for ." .# and see if it contains the value 0.
(e) Analysis of variance.

3. The following Minitab output summarizes data from the number of bacteria colonies present
in each of several petri dishes after I -963 bacteria were added to the dishes and they were
incubated for 24 hours. The "soap" dishes contained a solution prepared from ordinary soap,
and the "control" dishes contained a solution of sterile water.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Variable
Control
Soap

N
8
7

N*
0
0

Mean
41.75
32.43

SE Mean
5.53
8.63

StDev
15.64
22.83

Minimum
21.00
6.00

Q1
31.25
16.00

Median
37.00
27.00

Q3
58.50
46.00

Maximum
66.00
76.00

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------We want to test the hypothesis that soap decreases the amount of bacteria using the 1%
significance level. If we assume that the population variances are equal, what is the critical
value?
(a) 3.0123 (b) 3.100 (c) #'#% (d) #'&! (e) #'!#

4. The following Minitab output summarizes data from the number of bacteria colonies present
in each of several petri dishes after I -963 bacteria were added to the dishes and they were
incubated for 24 hours. The "soap" dishes contained a solution prepared from ordinary soap,
and the "control" dishes contained a solution of sterile water.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Variable
Control
Soap

N
8
7

N*
0
0

Mean
41.75
32.43

SE Mean
5.53
8.63

StDev
15.64
22.83

Minimum
21.00
6.00

Q1
31.25
16.00

Median
37.00
27.00

Q3
58.50
46.00

Maximum
66.00
76.00

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------We want to test the hypothesis that soap decreases the amount of bacteria using the 1%
significance level. If we assume that the population variances are not equal, what is the
value of the test statistic?
(a) .8444 (b) 4.1358

(c) 4.0806 (d) .9333 (e) .9094

5. An advertisement for a toothpaste claims that use of this product significantly reduces the
number of cavities of children in their cavity-prone years. Cavities per year for this age
group are normal with mean 3 and standard deviation 1.2. A study of 85 children found an
average of 2.95 cativies per child. Can we conclude, at the 5% significance level, that the
company's claim is correct?
(a) Yes, becasue .384 is greater than 1.645.
(b) Yes, because .384 is greater than .05
(c) No, because the :-value is equal to .3520, which is greater than .05
(d) Yes, because the :-value is equal to .3520, which is greater than .05
(e) No, because .384 is greater than 1.96.

6. A researcher conducts an analysis of variance on Minitab, and produces Minitab Output #1,
given on the last page of this test. Find the value of B# (The second missing entry in the 2nd
row of the ANOVA table).
(a) 2342.11 (b) 1785.86

(c) 830.53 (d) 984.67 (e) 759.18

7. A researcher conducts an analysis of variance on Minitab, and produces Minitab Output #1,
given on the last page of this test. Find the value of B" (The first missing entry in the 2nd
row of the ANOVA table).
(a) 36 (b) 35

(c) 34 (d) 37 (e) 38

8. Most salamanders of the species P. cinereus are red striped, but some individuals are all red.
The all-red form is thought to be a mimic of the salamander N. viridescens, which is toxic to
birds. In order to test whether there is a difference in the survival rate between the red
striped and all-red forms, 163 striped and 41 red individuals of P. cinereus were exposed to
predation by a natural bird population. After two hours, 65 striped and 23 of the red
individuals were still alive. What method could be used to test the relevant hypothesis?
(a) Two-sample >-test assuming equal variances
(b) Two-sample >-test assuming unequal variances
(c) Analysis of variance
(d) Contingency table (chi-square test)
(e) One-sample test for proportions

9. A biologist wanted to know if the cowpea weevil has a preference for one type of bean over
others as a place to lay eggs. She put equal amounts of three types of seeds into a jar and
added adult cowpea weevils. After a few days she observed the following data:
Type of Bean
Pinto
Cowpea
Northern Beans

Number of Eggs
167
176
194

Do these data provide significant evidence of a preference for some types of beans over
others? Use !&.
(a) No, because 2.11 is less than 5.991
(b) No, because 2.11 is less than 7.815
(c) Yes, because 9.81 is greater than 5.991
(d) Yes, because 9.81 is greater than 7.815
(e) Yes, because 194 is much bigger than 167 and 176

10. A researcher conducts an analysis of variance on Minitab, and produces Minitab Output #1,
given on the last page of this test. Test the hypothesis
L! ." .# .$ vs LE .3 .4 for at least one pair 3 4
using the 5% significance level.
(a) Reject L! since 21.821 33.466 12.423
(b) Reject L! since 49.34 8.62
(c) Reject L! since 49.34 19.46
(d) Reject L! since the :-value is equal to 0.000, which is less than .05
(e) Reject L! since 5.317 4.103 4.912

11. A water official insists that the average daily household water use in a certain region is more
than 400 litres. To check this claim, the researcher takes a sample of 25 households and
rejects the null hypothesis at the 5% significance level. Which of the following statements is
true?
(a) The :-value is less than .05
(b) The daily household water use in that region is in fact more than 400 litres.
(c) A Type II error might have occurred.
(d) The null hypothesis is L! . %!!.
(e) The population must follow a >-distribution

12. After surgery a patient's blood volume is often depleted. In one study, the total circulating
volume of blood plasma was measured for each patient immediately after surgery. After
infusion of a "plasma expander" into the bloodstream, the plasma volume was meaured again
and the increase in plasma volume (ml) was calculated. Two of the plasma expanders used
were albumin (25 patients) and polygelatin (14 patients). The below table reports the
increase in plasma volume.
8
mean increase
variance

Albumin
25
490
60

Polygelatin
14
240
30

Test the hypothesis that the population variance of the increase in plasma volume is the same
for both groups using the 10% significance level.
(a) Reject L! since #") #
(b) Do not reject L! since # #%#
(c) Reject L! since % #%#
(d) Do not reject L! since # #")
(e) Reject L! since % #")

13. An experiment was conducted in which the antiviral medication zanamivir was given to
patients who had the flu. The length of time until the alleviation of major flu symptoms was
measured for the three groups: 5 patients who were given inhaled zanamivir, 3 patients who
were given inhaled and intranasal zanamivir, and 4 patients who were given a placebo. The
data is given in the table below
Inhaled
Zanamivir
5.4
4.8
3.7
6.1
5.2

Inhaled and
Intranasal
Zanamivir
5.3
5.1
6.3

Placebo
6.3
7.1
5.1
6.4

Find the residuals for the second sample (Inhaled and Intransal Zanamivir).
(a) "$$ #'( !%!! (b) ''( #$( *!% (c) $'( "$$ #$%
(d) ($' %$$ $!$ (e) #'( %'( ($$

14. A farmer claims to be able to produce larger tomatoes. To test this claim, a tomato variety
that has a mean diameter size of 8.2 cm with a standard deviation of 2.4 cm is used. If a
sample of 16 tomatoes yielded a sample mean of 9.1 cm, can we conclude at the 1%
significance level that the farmer's tomatoes are indeed larger? Assume that the population is
normally distributed.
(a) No, because 2.02 is less than 2.583
(b) No, becasuse 1.5 is less than 2.602
(c) No, because the :-value is equal to .0668, which is greater than .01.
(d) Yes, because the :-value is equal to .0668, which is greater than .01.
(e) No, because 2.02 is less than 2.602

15. Marine biologists have noticed that the color of the outermost growth band on a clam tends
to be related to the time of the year in which the clam dies. A biologist conducted a small
investigation of whether this is true for the species Protothaca staminea. She collected a
sample of 78 clam shells from this species and classified them according to the month that
the clam died (February or March) and the color of the outermost growth band (clear, dark,
or unreadable). The data are given in the Minitab output below.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Rows: Month

Columns: Color

All

?
?

26
?

?
?

44

6
?

?
?

3
?

All

12

Cell Contents:

Count
Expected count

Chi-Sq = 2.377, DF = 2, P-Value = 0.305

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------What conclusion can we draw from the above output using !&?
(a) We conclude that month of death and color are dependent since 2.377 .305
(b) We conclude that month of death and color are dependent since .305 .05
(c) We cannot reject the hypothesis that month of death and color are independent since
.305 .05
(d) We conclude that month of death and color are independent since .305 .05
(e) We cannot reject the hypothesis that month of death and color are independent since
2.377 3.841

16. A researcher conducts an analysis of variance on Minitab, and produces Minitab Output #1,
given on the last page of this test. Using Tukey's test at the 5% significance level, which
pairs of means are significantly different?
(a) 1 and 2, 1 and 3, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2, 1 and 3 only
(d) 1 and 2, 2 and 3 only (e) 1 and 2 only

(c) 1 and 3, 2 and 3 only

17. Marine biologists have noticed that the color of the outermost growth band on a clam tends
to be related to the time of the year in which the clam dies. A biologist conducted a small
investigation of whether this is true for the species Protothaca staminea. She collected a
sample of 78 clam shells from this species and classified them according to the month that
the clam died (February or March) and the color of the outermost growth band (clear, dark,
or unreadable). The data are given in the Minitab output below.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Rows: Month

Columns: Color

All

?
?

26
?

?
?

44

6
?

?
?

3
?

All

12

Cell Contents:

Count
Expected count

Chi-Sq = 2.377, DF = 2, P-Value = 0.305

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------If a chi-square analysis were performed on the above data, what would be the value in cell
(1,1) of the expected table?
(a) 5.67 (b) 8.46

(c) 9.35 (d) 7.32 (e) 9.16

18. Consider the Databank data set described in the lab manual. Suppose that we were interested
in testing whether smoking status has an effect on systolic blood pressure. What
method could be used?
(a) J -test for variances
(b) D -test for proportions
(c) >-test for comparing two means
(d) Contingency table (chi-square test)
(e) Analysis of variance.

19. Correctly fill out the bubbles corresponding to your student number and the version number
of your test in the correct places on the computer card.
Note: You are writing Version 1.

Some Partial Tables

Percentiles of the > Distribution
df.
>*&
>*(&
>**
>**&
6 1.9432 2.4469 3.143 3.7074
7 1.8946 2.3646 2.998 3.4995
8 1.8595 2.3060 2.896 3.3554

13 1.7709 2.1604 2.650 3.0123

14 1.7613 2.1448 2.624 2.9678
15 1.7530 2.1315 2.602 2.9467
16 1.7459 2.1199 2.583 2.9208

Denominator
Degrees of
Freedom
2
3

12
13
14

23
24

30
40

Percentiles of the Chi-Square Distribution

#
d.f. ;#*!
;#*&
;#*(&
;**
" #(!' $)%" &!#%
''$&
# %'!& &**" ($()
*#"!
$ '#&" ()"& *$%) ""$%&
4
7.779 9.488 11.143 13.277

J*5
Numerator Degrees of Freedom

10
12
15
20
24
19.40 19.41 19.43 19.45 19.45
8.79
8.74
8.70
8.66
8.64

3
19.16
9.28

4
19.25
9.12

30
19.46
8.62

40
19.47
8.59

3.49
3.41
3.34

3.26
3.18
3.11

2.75
2.67
2.60

2.69
2.60
2.53

2.62
2.53
2.46

2.54
2.46
2.39

2.51
2.42
2.35

2.47
2.38
2.31

2.43
2.34
2.27

3.03
3.01

2.80
2.78

2.27
2.25

2.20
2.18

2.13
2.11

2.05
2.03

2.01
1.98

1.96
1.94

1.91
1.89

2.92
2.84

2.69
2.61

2.16
2.08

2.09
2.00

2.01
1.92

1.93
1.84

1.89
1.79

1.84
1.74

1.79
1.69

Percentage Points of the Studentized Range for 2 Through 10

Treatments Upper 5% Points
Error
d.f.
1
2
3

40
60
120

2
17.97
6.08
4.50

3
26.98
8.33
5.91

4
32.82
9.80
6.82

5
37.08
10.88
7.50

6
40.41
11.74
8.04

7
43.12
12.44
8.48

8
45.40
13.03
8.85

9
47.36
13.54
9.18

10
49.07
13.99
9.46

2.86
2.83
2.80

3.44
3.40
3.36

3.79
3.74
3.68

4.04
3.98
3.92

4.23
4.16
4.10

4.39
4.31
4.24

4.52
4.44
4.36

4.63
4.55
4.47

4.73
4.65
4.56

11

Minitab Output #1
One-way ANOVA: C1 versus C2
Source
C2
Error
Total

DF
?
B"
?

S = ?

R-Sq = 73.82%

Level
1
2
3

N
17
12
9

SS
?
B#
?

Mean
?
33.466
12.423

MS
1171.0
?

F
49.34

P
0.000

R-Sq(adj) = 72.32%

StDev
5.317
4.103
4.912

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

Pooled StDev
-------+---------+---------+---------+-(--*---)
(---*---)
(----*---)
-------+---------+---------+---------+-14.0
21.0
28.0
35.0

Pooled StDev = ?
Tukey 95% Simultaneous Confidence Intervals
All Pairwise Comparisons among Levels of C2
Individual confidence level = 98.04%
C2 = 1 subtracted from:
C2
2
3

Lower
7.151
-14.311

Center
11.645
-9.398

Upper
16.138
-4.485

--------+---------+---------+---------+(--*--)
(---*--)
--------+---------+---------+---------+-15
0
15
30

C2 = 2 subtracted from:
C2
3

Lower
-26.298

Center
-21.043

Upper
-15.787

--------+---------+---------+---------+(---*--)
--------+---------+---------+---------+-15
0
15
30

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Answers (Version 1):

1. d 2. c 3. d 4. e 5. c 6. c 7. b 8. d 9. a 10. d
11. a 12. b 13. e 14. b 15. c 16. a 17. b 18. e

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