Here is a very simple pure sinewave inverter based on the microntoller "PIC 16F628A",

"don't freak out !", NO it is not difficult to use microntollers, actually it could not be any
easier than this.
For those wondering, Yes I myself designed the circuit concept, schematic and
components but had to hire a programmer to write the code since I have no idea how to write
software programming, I even paid him money to do this job since no one works for free
these days, probably if he see this instructable he would be laughing at me on how I gave
everything for free here :-/
The principal used for creating the sinewave:
Most hard work in this circuit is done by the 16F628A chip itself, where it divides the half
wave into small segments generating PWM train of pulses to create each half wave as shown
in the pic, generated oscillation then go to get amplified by the 4 transistors Q1,Q2,Q3 and Q4
where they feed the power stage to drive the power transistors. Can't be much simpler than
that !
There are 2 options to program the 16F628A:
1- Most of the electronic parts selling shops do this service for you for an additional 3$ cost,
where you take the program which is a "Inverter.HEX" file in our case, written on a disk to
the shop and they will hand you an already programed 16F628A.
2- If you're an electronic hobbiest I suggest you buy your own programing device (I bought
mine for 22$) and experiment with it because the microcontroller applications that can be
built are endless. I bought the cheapest / smallest USB one which is a DIY K128 it came
along with a CD containing the MicroBurn software "older versions known as MicroPro" and
a driver for your computer, after setting up the driver and operating the thing, it programed the
16F628A IC in 10 seconds !
Here is a link to see how the programmer looks like.
Note: Both 16F628 and 16F628A will work, the difference is that the 'A' has more memory
capacity, but both work the same.
The filter:
The 2.2 uF capacitor which is the filter is a very very important part of this design, without it

you'll never get a pure sine wave.

I have included 2 screen shots of the oscilloscope (with-filter and without-filter) so you can
see the difference and importance of this capacitor.
Other notes:
- Included is the movie file "IMG_0690.MOV" in case you encounter any problem and need
to see the wave form on pins 11 and 12 of the 16F628A how it looks like.
- The PIC16F628A is so sesitive to static, if you're sitting on a plastic chair never touch the
IC's pins with your hand.
- You can build bigger versions of this inverter up to 5000w, to see what needs to be done on
the power stage please see details on my other instructable here.
- Heat sinks are required to cool the power transistors they should be big enough to cool the
transistors, they are separate and should NOT touch each other.
- Wiring connections marked in dark black on the power stage section should be thick enough
to handle the big amps drain from the batteries.
- A cooling fan will be needed to reduce heat off the heat sinks and transformer.
- Be cautious when building this circuit it involves high voltage which is lethal, any part you
touch when the circuit is ON could give you a nasty painful jolt, specially the heat-sinks,
never touch them when the circuit is on to see if the transistors are hot.
Finaly:
Do not forget to rate this instructbale with 5 stars "of course if you like it and appreciate the
effort done" and also click the "follow me" button to keep updated of future instructables and
updates that I do.
We need to get this inverter to perfection by adding some more options to it like:
- Low DC Battery voltage detection to trigger a buzzer and a to auto-stop oscillation at some
point.
- Heat detection to trigger a fan ON
- Battery level indicator 3 LEDs (High-Medium-Low) and to trigger charger ON
We'll need some help to code the above..
so any suggestions, help in coding or design on this project to make it better are very
welcomed so send your thoughts.
Inverter.HEX2 KB
IMG_0690.MOV7 MB

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maclee4real5 days agoReply

Hello all,
I don't think Nickk is here to assist us. I'm sure if we decide to help one another everything
will be fine
thanks

ward.haidara1 month agoReply

Hi Nick,Let me thank you for this wonderful work....i have made this circuit But I faced some
problems,I hope to have a solution.....When I use the filter 2uf Ceramic capacitor Even if
another type of capacitor. The load on the battery is more than 20 amperes without any load
on the output circuit....And the voltage drops to the 180volt

maclee4real ward.haidara5 days agoReply

hello, how did you do it, I made mine and got nothing. i really don't know if the problem is
from my programming. I used the Genius G540 programmer since Nickk has stopped
responding to us i think we can help ourselves here by sharing. my question goes to how you
did your programming and what programmer did you use?
thanks

kathkathmina11 days agoReply

hi.. i built a circuit same as yours, I already put it on a pcb, uploaded the hex file you gave.
But the problem is, it cant produce AC when I connect a 12V battery, what do you think is the
problem? Please help.

diogo.raposo.5628 days agoReply

Is the inverter.hex 50hz? How can I use a 24v 12-0-12 transformer on this circuit? What do I
have to modify?

amer.ozeir1 month agoReply

hello can anyone tell me plz why he is using two differents types of transistors in the full Hbridge thxx

kathkathmina1 month agoReply

I was wondering if it is okay to use arduino uno? And I dont know how to program it in
arduino uno. Can you give me a sample making 12vDC/220vAC pure sine wave inverter
using arduino uno?

MehyeW1 month agoReply

hello
is this circuit sine wave or square wave

hoi.pham.5012 months agoReply

Hi.can you give me a code hex sine 50hz.thanks all

syedhamzahasan hoi.pham.5012 months agoReply

Yes I was wondering the same thing. Im about to make this circuit. can you either give me the
C code of this circuit or HEX file of 50Hz ?
Thanks

npyasith1 year agoReply

Hey nick,
I built this circuit but I keep getting high voltages instead of 230V. I used the transistor 3055
instead of 3773. Is this the problem???

syedhamzahasan npyasith2 months agoReply

I know its a very late reply but it might help somebody else with the same problem.
Try to find voltages without the transformer. Only then you may decide the rated transformer.
Like I made an inverter whose schematic showed 12-0-12 Transformer but the output was
very low. About 160v without load! So I applied 9-0-9 Transformer and got 230v AC which
were excellent! How I figured that out? By finding voltage without transformer.
I hope this helps :)

RobertC8 npyasith2 months agoReply

really? what is the rated input windings of your tranformer? i guess its 6 0 6 or close...
the best relief is to use a 12 0 12 transformer and then replace the transistors with power
mosfets like irf2808 or irf z46...... i might be of help..... cater4lipptton@gmail.com

shaheers22 months agoReply

Hi, may i have a source code of that inverter, Please?
Reasion is that i am developing and working on high power inverter, so this may help me a
little bit,
if yes, here is my email id: engr.solutions@gmail.com

sanmlight1 year agoReply

Hi chuksthewoundy,
i don't have a oscilloscope to test the wave form of this circuit.
DMM testing...
12-0-12 12amp transformer , IRFz44N 4pcs
with capacitor 2.2uF:
without load = 218Vac
with load 40W = 199Vac
without capacitor:
withoutload = 238Vac
withload 40W = 214Vac
i'm using 60Hz without on/off hex file.
the on/off functionality is still not working with me even i change the push button switch.
Regards,

chuksthewoundy sanmlight1 year agoReply

From what i can see its working properly.
1.check if the battery voltage drops when you add a load. measure the Amperage drawn with
and without load. and reply!
2.Also test it using an ac fan. The fan should run smoothly at full speed without any noise,
this confirms you have a clean sine wave.

sanmlight chuksthewoundy1 year agoReply

electric fan wont run fast and the voltage dropped from 218vac to 157vac

chuksthewoundy sanmlight1 year agoReply

Hi samlight .....i also experienced the same thing the output voltage drops when the inverter is
loaded and i discovered that the drive voltage from the oscillator was not enough, so i used an
op amp amplifier to boost the voltage. now the output only drops a few volts when loaded.

RobertC8 chuksthewoundy2 months agoReply

replace the bipolar transistors with mosfets... irf 2808 would do just fine... contact me for
further assistance..

Nick_Zouein (author) chuksthewoundy1 year agoReply

I made many many tests yesterday, here are the results:
-Transformer used 12-0-12 80VA
-1 pair of IRFz44N
-DC supply : 12.5VDC
Results with NO filter:
-Output voltage: 210VAC not stable (playing rapidly between 180 to 210)
-Waveform: -Witdistorted, has no shape and can't get a reading on the frequency.
-With Load: A 18w compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) was connected, voltage dropped to
190vac, DC still 12.5v
Results with filter:
-Output voltage: 166VAC stable
-Waveform: Sinewave, 61Hz
-With Load: A 18w compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) was connected, voltage dropped to
153vac, DC still 12.5v stable.
-amperes consumption up to 1amp
-Gate driving voltage: 11.5vdc or 3.28vac
-Primary voltage on the transformer: 12.40-0-12.30
In short, this is exactly what happened with my original design and that's why I have in my
schematic a 6-0-6 primary transformer.
arist.aquino Nick_Zouein6 months agoReply
Hi Nick, as I mentioned in my previous post; I asked transformer manufacturer to provide me
a 500watts 12-0-12 transformer -- will it work with this pure sine driver? I'm really interested
about finishing this, your help will be greatly appreciated :) Thanks

Nick_Zouein (author) sanmlight1 year agoReply

The waveform is a pretty clean sinewave and the freq. is exactly 61Hz. Please increase the
load by an additional 20W or 40W to see if the "with load 40W = 199Vac" will decrease
further or it stablised on 199Vac. Be careful not to reach the limit of your transformer. If it
decreases further it means that the problem is with the transformer.

sanmlight Nick_Zouein1 year agoReply

every additional load the voltage will dropped 20vac. the dc supply is stable.
for a 60 watts electric fan it wont run fast. the voltage dropped from 218Vac to 157Vac

chuksthewoundy sanmlight1 year agoReply

i will post the schematic for the op amp amplifier that i used.... when i am done testing...

sanmlight chuksthewoundy1 year agoReply

kindly test also the on/off functionality.
thanks

RobertC82 months agoReply

using bipolar transistors such as 2n3055 isnt the best idea... i rather advice u to use a mosfet
because they emit less heat and they are extremely very efficient... just two mosfets like
irf2808 or irfz46 would do the work of about ten bipolar transistors... give it a try... contact me
if for further assistance... CARTER4LIPPTTON@GMAIL.COM

JoremieJ2 months agoReply

sir why do we have to program the 16F628A ic?

hoi.pham.5012 months agoReply

Here is my e-mail
hoikutea1@gmail.com
Or phamhoi9693@gmail.com
hoi.pham.5012 months agoReply
Here is my e-mail
hoikutea1@gmail.com
Or phamhoi9693@gmail.com
antonio.franca.92353 months agoReply
Hello Nick, congratulations on your initiative to publish this his project.
I have a doubt, this project is used transformer 6 - 0 - 6 volts and 12 volts on the center tap?
Thank you,
Antonio

iceaudio3 months agoReply

here is my e.mail. icedumagpi@gmail.com

iceaudio3 months agoReply

here is my e.mail. icedumagpi@gmail.com

iceaudio3 months agoReply

here is my e.mail. icedumagpi@gmail.com

iceaudio3 months agoReply

here is my e.mail. icedumagpi@gmail.com

iceaudio3 months agoReply

gud day sir could you pls post the list of parts needed for this
pure sine wave circuit.. tnks

iceaudio3 months agoReply

gud day sir could you pls post the list of parts needed for this
pure sine wave circuit.. tnks

iceaudio3 months agoReply

sir coul you please give me a list of parts needed to make the250w pure sine wave.. thnks

upright3 months agoReply

Please if u can send the hex file to my email so I can program the pic16f628a pure sine wave.
Here is my email >stevejossy80@yahoo.com

upright3 months agoReply

How do I get the program file for sine wave to down load

Trng ChnhT4 months agoReply

i'm vietnames
Thanks to nickk for his all wonderful articles specially on power electronics, I want to use the
same nickk's circuit for my inverter, but am using pic 16F877A & 20Mhz crystal can any one
help me with source codes.
My email is chanhtin990@gmail.com, hope to here from you soon.
Thanks
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