Lesson 2: Genitive

Warm-Up Passages
Vocabulary

Matthew 8:1516

Matthew 8:15
1.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

Matthew 8:16
2.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

Matthew 12:3841
Background
Within the narrative concerning rising opposition to Jesus and his message (12:145), the religious
leaders attack the source of Jesus supernatural power (12:2237). Immediately after Jesus strong
rebuke of the Pharisees for thinking that he is empowered by the devil (12:2537, especially 3132),
they ironically ask for more proof concerning the source of his power (12:38). But enough miracles
have been donethe sign of Jonah is all that is needed now (12:3945).
Text

Matthew 12:38
3.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

Matthew 12:40
4.

: What type of conjunction is this? (Give the specific usage listed in Basics 293302 or
ExSyn 66678.) [2]

Matthew 12:41
5.

: Case, case usage, word related to? (See BDAG on

6.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

for forms.) [1+1+1]

Syntax Passages
Luke 2:3641
Background
The first two chapters of Luke detail the births of John the Baptist and Jesus (1:572:52). There are
strong parallels, though with significant differences. At every point Jesus is shown to be greater than
John. Johns birth and infancy (1:5780) parallel Jesus birth and infancy (2:152) in the following
manner: first, the mention of the birth, then the circumcision, then a song of praise, and finally the
growth of the child. But there is contrast too: Jesus birth is announced by angels to shepherds in a
nearby field (2:820); at his circumcision, Anna prophesies along with Simeons song (2:2538); and
the growth of Jesus is detailed more completely (2:4152).
Text

Vocabulary

Luke 2:36
7.
: Case, case usage, word related to? (
is an indeclinable noun and a
transliterated Hebrew proper name. Its case is determined by its function in the sentence.)
[1+1+1]

8.

(This is a genitive object of the preposition . Whenever a noun is the object of a

preposition, you need to classify it as object of the preposition rather than think of it as a
simple genitive, dative, or accusative noun. Then you can classify the preposition + case
usage by consulting BDAG. (See Basics 16264; ExSyn 36062.)
: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

(BDAG notes that

can be used to make an advance in
time. They also give the gloss advance in years [BDAG, s.v.
1]. BDF states in
regard to
that it carries the weight of a dative of respect. In other words it
clarifies
: She was advancing in regard to many days. Perhaps this was a polite
way of saying that she was very old [BDF, 197].)

(Accusative neuter plural noun from

. This is an accusative of time, which indicates
extent of time. Anna had been married for an extent of seven years.)

(BDAG notes that it can refer to the time of virginity [w. focus on time of

entry into married status] [BDAG, s.v.

]. The idea here would therefore be that Anna
had been married seven years. The time of her virginity, refers to her single status prior to
being married.)
Luke 2:37

(predicate nominative related to an implied

(BDAG gives the translation until she was now 84 years old
[BDAG, s.v.

9.

].)

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

(datives of manner related to

[cf. Basics 7475; ExSyn 16162])

(adverbial participle of cause or contemporaneous time [cf. Basics: 27273, 275

76; ExSyn 62327, 63132)

10.
: (These are accusatives of measure/time related to
[cf. Basics 90;
ExSyn 201203]. Since they are accusatives of time, they describe the extent or duration of
time. Anna was worshiping every night and every day.) What if these nouns had been in the
genitive case instead of the accusative
How would the meaning be
different? [2]

Luke 2:38

(The noun
is a dative of measure/time [cf. Basics 7273; ExSyn 15557] It
signals a point in time. The
is in the predicate position and should be translated as an
intensifier [cf. Basics 155; ExSyn 34850]. This is woodenly rendered at the hour itself;
more idiomatically, at that very moment.

(This is an attendant circumstance participle. These participles are used to

communicate an action that, in some sense, is coordinate with the finite verb. It can be
translated like a finite verb plus and. Here it would be rendered, she came and [began to
give thanks] [ExSyn 640; cf. Basics 27981; ExSyn 64045].)

11.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

Luke 2:39
12.

: What type of conjunction is this? (Give the specific usage listed in Basics 293302 or

12. : What type of conjunction is this? (Give the specific usage listed in Basics 293302 or
ExSyn 66678.) [2]

: (The article is substantizing the prepositional phrase

[cf. Basics 105;
ExSyn 236]. It can be translated the things [according to the law of the Lord].)

13.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

14.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

15.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

Luke 2:40
16.

: Case, case usage? [1+1]

Luke 2:41
17.

18.

: Case, case usage? [1+1]

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

Ephesians 1:1318
Background
This letter begins with praise for God as a theological preface to the body of the letter (1:314):
God is blessed and is to be praised because (1) the Father elected them in eternity past (1:36), the
Son redeemed them in the historical past (1:712), and the Spirit sealed them in their personal and
individual pasts (1:1314). Thus the letter begins with a reminder of the great things God has done
for them individually. With this as a backdrop, a prayer is offered up that the readers will understand
what God has done for them corporately (1:1523).
Text

Vocabulary

Ephesians 1:13

(Here the preposition with the dative relative pronoun refers back to Christ in v. 12. This
should be translated in whom.)

(This is an adjunctive example of a connective conjunction [cf. Basics 296; ExSyn 671]. It
is being used emphatically and should be translated also.)

19.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

20.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

21.

22.

: Case, case usage? [1+1]

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

Ephesians 1:14
(relative pronoun, referring back to
in v. 13; the gender is neuter because
is
neuter. Some MSS have masculine d? here, because it is attracted to the gender of the PN in v.
14,
)
23.

24.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

(Genitive, objective,

(This is a genitive of possession related to

.)

Ephesians 1:16

(This is a complementary participle related to

participle completes the thought of another verb [ExSyn 646].)

. The complementary

25.
(The majority of MSS list a second
after
. It is probably not authentic.
More than likely the second pronoun was a scribal addition to help clarify the meaning of the
text. What would the syntactical function of the second
be and how would it clarify the
text?) [2+2]

26.

27.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

Ephesians 1:17

(This is a conjunction communicating purpose or result [cf. Basics 2067; ExSyn 473
74].)

28.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

29.

: Case, case usage? [1+1]

30.

31.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

(This verb is in the subjunctive mood and is communicating purpose or result with the
clause [cf. Basics 2067; ExSyn 47374].)

32.

33.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+2+1]

(Genitive, objective,

Ephesians 1:18

(Genitive, possessive or possibly partitive [in a figurative sense],

)
(This is an infinitive of purpose or result related to
94].)

34.

35.

[cf. Basics 25658; ExSyn 590

(This interrogative pronoun is functioning as the predicate nominative of

.)

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

(This is the same kind of construction that we saw in

.)

36.

37.

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]

: Case, case usage, word related to? [1+1+1]