Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
B1 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
LEXIS
MORPHOLOGY
Entrance Test
Choose the correct answer.
1. (a) What time do you usually get up?
(b) What time usually do you get up?
(c) What time do usually you get up?
2. Does she work in an office?
(a) Yes, she works.
(b) Yes, she does.
(c) Yes, she does work.
3. (a) Does he got a sister?
(b) Does he has a sister?
(c) Does he have a sister?
4. (a) Champagne doesnt come from Italy.
(b) Champagne not comes from Italy.
(c) Champagne doesnt comes from Italy.
5. (a) I am not understanding the problem. Can you explain?
(b) I do not understand the problem. Can you explain?
(c) I not understand the problem. Can you explain?
6. (a) Do you can speak Japanese?
(b) Do you speak Japanese?
(c) Do you to speak Japanese?
7. (a) I have a party on Friday. Do you want to come?
(b) I am having a party on Friday. Do you want to come?
(c) I going to have a party on Friday. Do you want to come?
8. (a) What film stars are you liking?
(b) What film stars you like?
(c) What film stars do you like?
9. (a) Where did you be yesterday?
(b) Where were you yesterday?
(c) Where did you were yesterday?
10. (a) Did you enjoyed your holiday?
(b) Did you enjoy your holiday?
(c) Did you enjoying your holiday?
11. (a) I was watching the news when the phone rang.
(b) I watched the news when the phone rang.
(c) I had watch the news when the phone rang.
12. (a) What would you like doing this evening?
(b) What would you like to do this evening
(c) What would you like do this evening?
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13. (a) The teacher made the student to do his homework again.
(b) The teacher made the student do his homework again.
(c) The teacher made the student doing his homework again.
14. (a) He is very interested study philosophy.
(b) He is very interested in studying philosophy.
(c) He is very interested to study philosophy.
15. (a) The phones ringing. Im going to answer it.
(b) The phones ringing. Ill answer it.
(c) The phones ringing. I answer it.
16. (a) The weather forecast says it snows today.
(b) The weather forecast says it is snowing today.
(c) The weather forecast says it is going to snow today.
17. (a) I first came to Venice in 1987.
(b) I first have come to Venice in 1987.
(c) I first had come to Venice in 1987.
18. (a) My father never has ate caviar. He doesnt like it.
(b) My father has never eaten caviar. He doesnt like it.
(c) My father never ate caviar. He doesnt like it.
19. (a) If I have time tomorrow, I phone you.
(b) If I have time tomorrow, I will phone you.
(c) If I have time tomorrow, I am phoning you.
20. (a) The doctor said I should stop smoking.
(b) The doctor said I might stop smoking.
(c) The doctor said I have stop smoking.
21. (a) He will send me an e-mail as soon as he has time.
(b) He will send me an e-mail as soon as he will have time.
(c) He will send me an e-mail as soon as he is having time.
22. (a) When I was young I used playing the piano.
(b) When I was young I used to play the piano.
(c) When I was young I used to playing the piano.
23. (a) Mercedes cars are made in Germany.
(b) Mercedes cars made in Germany.
(c) Mercedes cars are making in Germany.
24. (a) If you won the lottery, what would you do?
(b) If you won the lottery, what you do?
(c) If you won the lottery, what will you do?
25. (a) The advice he gave me was very useful.
(b) The advice he gave me were very useful.
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UNIT ONE: Word order; present simple / present continuous; have/have got; question forms;
negative and short answers; plural and uncountable nouns; like; it/the; emphasis
GRAMMAR REFERENCE:
An Intermediate English Syntax (IES) Geraldine
Ludbrook (Cafoscarina)
IES p. 17-18
EXERCISE 1
WORD ORDER IN QUESTIONS
Put the words in the correct order to form a question.
1. tennis often play you how do ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
2. get up time usually you what do ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
3. staying where they are ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
4. husband when your you meet did ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
5. rang phone doing you what were when the ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
6. the BBC how long you worked have - for ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
7. free time doing what do like you your in ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
8. father you your like do look ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
9. you - summer next going where are ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
10. you talking who to are ?
__________________________________________________________ ?
Present simple
general truths: Christmas is on 25th December
habitual action: I go to the gym every evening
describing art/literary works: The painting represents the artists dream
programmed future event: Term ends on Friday
subordinate clause in future time: Well phone you if we have an answer
Present progressive
emphasis of continuing character of action in or around present: Hes studying at the moment
future event: Im meeting my professor tomorrow
5
satisfy
love
hate
prefer
remember
forget
believe
mean
(significance)
seem
understand
want
need
know
belong
own
doubt
recognize
cost
owe
matter
contain
suppose
astonish
concern
detest
wish
depend
be
look
feel
have
hear
taste
see
appear
smell
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
EXERCISE 4
Complete the following with the present simple or present continuous.
1. Tom ________________ (work) in a pizzeria.
2. We _____________ (meet) Anna for dinner this evening.
3. What ______________ he ___________________ (do) at the moment?
4. Liz always _______________ (look) so glamorous!
5. ___________ you _________ (come) down? Dinner is ready.
EXERCISE 5
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences
1. She cant come to the phone now. She has a shower.
2. We are needing an answer from you before Wednesday.
3. Are you going out this evening? I dont know. It is depending on the weather.
4. Are you owning this motorbike?
5.Id like to buy this coat. How much is it costing?
6. Im usually getting up at 6.00
7. This exercise is difficult. Im not understanding it.
8. Excuse me. Are you knowing the way to the museum?
EXERCISE 6
Choose the correct answer.
1. It is my brothers birthday today and he (has / is having / having) a party.
2. We (go / going / are going) round to his house at seven o clock this evening.
3. He (not usually celebrates / doesnt usually celebrate / isnt usually celebrating ) his birthday but
this one is special because hes forty.
4. After work I (go / am going / will going) to buy him a present.
EXERCISE 7
HAVE VS. HAVE GOT
Choose the correct sentence.
1. (a) Do you got two sisters?
(b) Have you got two sisters?
(c) Have you two sisters?
2. (a) She cant answer the phone. She has a bath.
(b) She cant answer the phone. She has got a bath.
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IES p. 25-28
EXERCISE 8
PLURAL AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
Complete the following sentences with is or are
1. Your hair ________ really long. You need a haircut.
2. My glasses ________ dirty.
3. Where ________ the money I gave you this morning?
4. The information the tourist office gave us ________ very useful.
5. The police ________ questioning the student about the murder.
6. Have you heard the news? It ________ really terrible.
7. This homework ________ really difficult. Can you help me?
8. His advice ________ to study more.
9. Our furniture ________ 10 years old. Lets look for something new.
10. The people ________ furious because the Prime Minister wants to increase the taxes.
EXERCISE 9
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
1. The teacher gave me some good advices.
2. Can you give me any informations?
3. The furnitures in this shop are very expensive.
4. Today Ive many works to do.
5. The police is looking for the thief.
6. People is complaining about the latest rise in taxes.
EXERCISE 10
LIKE
Match the questions with the correct answers.
1. What is your new neighbour like?
2. How is your father?
3. What does your son look like?
4. What does he like doing in his free time?
IES p. 58-59
EXERCISE 11
IT/THERE
Complete the sentences with it or there
1. ________ wasnt a good idea to phone him.
2. Are ________ any good Indian restaurants here?
3. Is ________ any butter in the fridge?
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PROGRESS TEST 1
1. What kind of a car ______________ ?
/ does she has / she has / has she got /
2. I ______________ to work by car, but sometimes I walk.
/ go usually / 'm usually going / usually go /
3. People ______________ against the rise in taxes.
/ is protesting / are protesting / protests /
4. Why are you under the table? What ______________ ?
/ do you do / do you / are you doing /
5. I ______________ what you are talking about.
/ don't know / 'm not knowing / not know /
6. They saved our ______________.
/ life / lives / the life /
7. Who ______________ the window?
/ did break / broke / has broke /
8. ______________ was with great horror that I learnt the truth.
/ That / It / What /
9. Never ______________ such a terrible accident!
/ have I seen / I have seen / have I see /
10. He's got a wonderful life, ______________ ?
/ hasn't he / has he / doesn't he /
[U6 p95]
[U4 p81]
[U2 p27]
[U6 p104]
[U6 p108]
[U2 p2 7]
[U1 p17]
[U3 p58]
[U4 p84]
[U1 p19]
Mistakes
1. I'm not seeing what the problem is.
[U6 p108]
[U2 p27]
[U1 p17]
[U1 p21]
[U6 p108]
[U1 p15]
[U2 p25]
[U3 p61]
[U1 p17]
[U2 p30]
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UNIT 2: past tenses; present perfect; for/since; used to; articles; some/any; much/many;
possessives; present and past participles; comparatives and superlatives
Past simple
action occurring in past before time of speaking: Susan arrived an hour ago
past subjunctive in hypothetical conditions: I wish he were here
reported speech: She asked me if I played the piano
Past progressive
continuing action in the past: We were eating when you called earlier
describing scenes: The sun was shining and the birds were singing
Past perfect
action taking place in the past preceding another action in the past: the train had left when I arrived
at the station
past unreal events in hypothetical statements: If I had studied English better, I wouldnt have failed
the exam
reported speech: He said he had gone to the shops the day before
IES p. 98
EXERCISE 13
PAST SIMPLE / NEGATIVES AND IRREGULAR VERBS
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets in the past simple.
1. When ____________ (you /move) to Italy?
2. Yesterday I ____________ (not / go) shopping because I was too tired.
3. When she was young she ____________ (use ) to go swimming every day.
4. There ____________ (be) a lot of people at the concert last week.
5. Im sorry. I ____________ (not /have) time to phone. Ill do it now.
6. I ____________ (eat) too much for lunch. I think Ill go for a walk.
7. He ____________ (write) to me but I havent replied yet.
8. What ____________ (you /say) ? I wasnt listening.
9. They ____________ (drive) for two hours and then stopped for a rest.
10. Who ____________ (drink) all the milk? Theres none left.
EXERCISE 14
Complete the sentences with the past simple of the verbs in brackets.
1. He _____________ (stop) working at 7 pm.
2. Richard _____________ (work) in a restaurant last summer.
3. I _____________ (not/see) my friends last weekend.
4. _____________ they _____________ (go) on holiday last year?
5. Tom _____________ (leave) school in 2008.
6. When _____________ you _____________ (come) to Italy?
7. Mark _____________ (fix) my stereo for me last night.
8. My grandmother _____________ (have) a cottage in the country.
9. When_____________ the film _____________ (finish)?
10. They _____________ (organize) a surprise party for me.
EXERCISE 15
What is the past simple of the following verbs?
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1. fall
2. send
3. find
4. eat
5. buy
6. drink
7. keep
8. tell
9. write
10. break
11. bring
12. catch
12
EXERCISE 16
Re-write the following sentences in the past:
1. I go shopping every Saturday.
Yesterday
2. He doesnt play tennis on Fridays.
Last Friday
3. Do you like that book?
.
4. I have got two cats.
When I was young I
5. They dont like travelling by car.
.
EXERCISE 17
Make sentences with the following words using the past simple.
1. When / they / leave / school?
_________________________________
2. He / wait / for two hours but she / not phone.
_________________________________
3. You / see the film on TV last night?
_________________________________
4. Tom / stop smoking last week / and he start playing football yesterday.
_________________________________
5. They ask / the teacher a question / but she / not answer.
_________________________________
EXERCISE 18
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences
1. Where did you went last night?
2. I didnt knew the answer.
3. Sue maked a lot of noise.
4. I didnt liked my new teacher.
5. Took you your medicine?
6. Helen comed home late last night.
7. I didnt got up early this morning.
8. What did you saw at the cinema.
EXERCISE 19
Complete the sentences with the past continuous form of the verbs in brackets
1. The sun _____________ (shine) this morning but it isnt now.
2. Helen _____________ (tell) us a joke when you arrived.
3. I closed the door because the children _____________ (make) a noise.
4. I saw your father five minutes ago he _____________ (read) a newspaper.
5. The students _____________ (not do) anything when the teacher entered the classroom.
6. They _____________ (have) dinner when I rang.
7. He _____________ still _____________ (work) hard when I phoned at eleven.
8. Who _____________ you _____________ (talk) to on the phone this morning when I saw you?
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EXERCISE 20
IES p. 98; p. 106
PAST SIMPLE / PAST CONTINUOUS
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1.____________ (you / speak) to Sally?
No. She ____________ (have) a bath when I phoned.
2. Who ____________ (you /speak) to when I saw you yesterday?
A friend I ____________ (meet) at the tennis club.
3. Look! It ____________ (snow) last night. Everything is white.
4. What ____________ (you /think) about McEwans latest book?
5. While I ____________ (walk) to work, I ____________ (phone) the dentist.
6. The station ____________ (be) full of people who ____________ (wait) for the train because it
was late.
7. He ____________ (drive) to the airport when he ____________ (hear) the news.
8. When he ____________ (drive) to work, he ____________ (have) an accident.
9. What ____________ (you / do) at seven o clock yesterday? When I phoned nobody
____________ (answer) the phone.
10. When the doctor ____________ (arrive), the child ____________ (sleep).
EXERCISE 21
Write questions for the following answers.
1. I was reading a book at 9 o clock.
_____________________________________
2. Yes, the sun was shining.
_____________________________________
3. No, I wasnt laughing about you.
_____________________________________
4. No, the television wasnt working.
_____________________________________
5. They were playing football when I left.
_____________________________________
IES p. 102-104
EXERCISE 22
PAST SIMPLE /PAST PERFECT
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1. The students ____________ (arrive) late because the train ____________ (break down).
2. They were late and when they ____________ (come) home, everyone ____________ (finish)
their meal.
3. My husband ____________ (be) furious when he ____________ (get) home because he
____________ (have) an argument with his boss.
4. When it ____________ (start) to rain, he ____________ (catch) the bus because he
____________ (forget) to take an umbrella.
5. I ____________ (go) home early because the children ____________ (forget) their keys.
EXERCISE 23
PAST SIMPLE /PAST PERFECT / PAST CONTINUOUS
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
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Fred Lorz, from New York, 1. ____________ (win) the marathon at the St Louis Olympic Games in
1904. He 2. ____________ (finish) the race in three hours 13 minutes. After the race Fred 3.
____________ (wait) to get his medal and the spectators 4. ____________ (cheer) him. Alice
Roosevelt, the daughter of the US President, 5. ____________ (be) in the crowd and some
journalists 6. ____________ (take) a photograph of Fred with her. But then suddenly somebody 7.
____________ (start) shouting cheat and soon everybody 8. ____________ (shout) the same
thing. It was true. Fred 9. ____________ (travel) 18 of the 42 kilometres in a friends car! Fred 10.
____________ (not / win) the gold medal and he was banned from athletics.
IES p. 100-102
EXERCISE 24
PRESENT PERFECT
Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meaning.
1. I met Carol 10 years ago and we are still good friends.
I have known Carol for ten years.
2. I bought my bag in 2001 and I still have it.
I
3. I moved to Venice in 1990 and still live there.
I
4. She began teaching in 1980 and still teaches.
She
5. They came to university at nine o clock this morning and are still there.
They
EXERCISE 25
Read the sentences in the past simple. Write new sentences using the Present Perfect without
the time expression.
1. I bought some books on Sunday.
_______________________________________
2. We put up some new pictures last week.
_______________________________________
3. My husband fixed the shelves at the weekend.
_______________________________________
4. We painted the house three years ago.
_______________________________________
5. We replaced all the windows last year.
_______________________________________
EXERCISE 26
PRESENT PERFECT / PAST SIMPLE
Choose the correct sentence
1. Can I have another book?
I read this one.
15
still
16
17
19
EXERCISE 38
IES p. 76-77
MUCH / MANY / FEW / LITTLE
Complete the sentences below with one of the words/expressions in the box below.
much (3x) many (2x)
little (3)
few (2x)
1. There isnt __________ time. Youd better hurry up or we will miss the train.
2. Have you seen __________ films in English?
3. How __________ is that jacket? Its beautiful.
4. How __________ people live in Venice?
5. Not everyone could sit down at the concert. There were too __________ chairs.
6. Im sorry I have so __________ time. I would have loved to talk to you for a while.
7. There were a __________ problems with the contract but they soon sorted it out.
8. There was __________ information on the notice board. I had to ask them for more.
9. How __________ flour do we need to make that cake? Half a kilo?
10. We cant go on holiday. Weve got too __________ money.
IES p. 55
EXERCISE 39
POSSESSIVES
Complete the following conversation by choosing the correct answer.
Mary:
Ann:
Mary:
Ann:
Mary:
rings?
IES p. 71
EXERCISE 40
NOBODY / NOTHING / SOMEBODY / SOMETHING / ANYBODY / ANYTHING
Complete the following sentences with one of the words in the box below.
somebody
something
nothing
nobody
anything
anybody
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PROGRESS TEST 2
1. We went to the cinema last night but we ______________ the film.
/ didn't enjoy / didn't enjoyed / haven't enjoyed /
2. They are not at home. ______________ answered the phone.
/ Anybody / Somebody / Nobody /
3. My mother ______________ by air.
/ never has travelled / is never travelled / has never travelled /
4. I ______________ a long time.
/ have known Jane for / have known Jane since / know Jane for /
5. There was ______________ interesting programme on the radio last night.
/ the / a / an /
6. There was ______________ food in the fridge. It was nearly empty.
/ few / little / much /
7. I went out to meet a friend of ______________.
/ me / my / mine /
8. Jack ______________ to Paris three times this month.
/ is gone / has gone / has been /
9. I ______________ on the left because I've lived in Britain for a long time.
/ used to drive / am used to driving / used to driving /
10. I was exhausted yesterday evening. I ______________ a hard day at work.
/ have had / had had / had been having /
[U6 p98]
[U1 p15]
[U6 p100]
[U6 p100]
[U3 p47]
[U3 p48]
[U3 p55]
[U6 p100]
[U8 p139]
[U6 p102]
Mistakes
1. I have been writing three letters this morning.
[U6 p107]
[U1 p17]
[U4 p69]
[U6 p100]
[U6 p109]
[U3 p41]
[U3 p55]
[U3 p47]
[U7 p119]
[U6 p100]
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UNIT 3: Modals;
Modal auxiliary verbs have the following characteristics:
There is no infinitive form of these verbs; they are followed by the bare infinitive of the verb (apart
from ought to); there is no s in the third person singular present; they do not need the auxiliary do
to form the interrogative and negative forms; they have no ed and ing forms. The modal
auxiliaries are:
can, could, will, would, shall, should, ought to, may, might, must
ABILITY / POSSIBILITY / PERMISSION / REQUEST: CAN / BE ABLE TO / BE
ALLOWED TO / COULD
Ability:
Present: I can swim.
Past: I could ride a bicycle when I was 5.
I have been able to speak English since I was at school.
Future: I will be able to come to the meeting tomorrow.
Permission:
Can/Could/May/Might I use your phone?
We were allowed to leave the lesson early.
Requests: Can / Could / Will / Would you buy me a newspaper, please?
Possibility. It might/could/may rain later today.
IES p. 131-137
EXERCISE 48
Which category to the following sentences belong to?
Ability 1
Possibility 2
Permission 3
Request 4
1. My brother can speak three languages.
2. Can I leave early, please?
3. You can leave your car there.
4. Can you help me with my homework?
5. You can buy stamps at the local tobacconist.
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
IES p. 132
EXERCISE 49
Choose the correct verb form in the following sentences.
1. My brothers daughter (is not allowed to / not allowed to /cannot allowed) come home after ten
at night.
2. When I was young, I (could to play / could playing / could play) the clarinet.
3. Can you (able speak / able to speak / speak) Japanese?
4. Mr Smith (doesnt can come / cant come / cant able come) to the meeting.
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5. Unfortunately we (were unable to / unable to / couldnt able to ) go to the party because our son
was ill.
6. She (is able to / can / has been able to) drive since she was 18.
7. It was too expensive so I (wasnt able buy / couldnt buy / couldnt to buy) it.
8. I (wont be able to / cant to / cant be able to) come to the meeting tomorrow. Im sorry.
9. He (wasnt able to / wasnt able / couldnt able) take the exam because he was ill.
10. It was snowing so heavily we (couldnt go / couldnt to go / not able to go ) out.
Obligation:
Present.
You must study more.
You have to drive on the left in Britain.
Past.
They had to go to hospital.
Did you have to tidy your room when you were young?
Future.
I will have to climb the stairs. The lift is out of order.
Prohibition: You mustnt touch that dog. Its dangerous. He wasnt allowed to go out.
No necessity: You dont have to / dont need to / neednt come with me if you dont want to.
IES p. 134-135
EXERCISE 50
OBLIGATION: MUST / HAVE TO
Rewrite the sentences using a form of have to (negative and affirmative)
1. Its necessary for children to wear a uniform.
Children _________________________________ a uniform.
2. I can stay in bed until late tomorrow.
I __________________________________ get up early tomorrow.
3. Why was it necessary for you to go to the office?
Why ______________________________________ the office?
4. Must you leave so soon?
_________________________________________ so soon?
5. I needed to make a phone call.
I _____________________________________ a phone call.
6. It wasnt necessary for us to buy anything.
We _______________________________________ anything.
EXERCISE 51
Write questions with have to
1. I have to learn a lot of words for homework.
How many ______________________ ?
2. They have to wear a school uniform.
What ______________________ ?
3. I had to wait a long time for my bus this morning.
25
IES p. 139-140
EXERCISE 55
MODALS TO EXPRESS ADVICE: SHOULD / OUGHT TO / HAD BETTER
Match a sentence on the left with one on the right.
1. I feel really tired.
A. You should look for a new
one.
2. Ive never been to the USA.
B. You should start
studying now.
3. Ive got a terrible headache.
C. You should go to bed early.
4. Ive got an exam tomorrow and I havent done much work.
D. You should take an
aspirin.
5. Ive just lost my job.
E. You should plan a trip.
EXERCISE 56
Complete the following sentences with ONE word.
1. You ought _________ go to bed earlier.
2. You _________ better not speak to me like that again!!
3. Im putting on weight. I _________ do more exercise.
4. Have you heard from Mark? He _________ to be here by now.
5. _________ we go and visit your parents this weekend?
MODALS TO EXPRESS DEDUCTION
Probability:
Stephen may/might be here, but Im not sure.
The bus should be here by now.
Dogs can be difficult to educate.
Deduction:
This painting cant be a Picasso-theres no signature.
You must be tired after such a hard day.
She must have been tired.
He cant have known.
Modals expressing deduction and possibility
The modals must, will, may, might, cant and could also express deduction and possibility.
Present
The man must be extremely rich to own a Rolls Royce.
She must be working a lot at the moment. Shes never at home.
Youve just had lunch. You cant be hungry.
Ask Susan, she may/might know the answer.
The phone is ringing. It could be my mother.
IES p. 135-136
EXERCISE 57
Choose the correct answer.
27
IES p. 134-135
EXERCISE 60
MODALS IN THE PAST
Put the following into the past tense.
1. I shouldnt go to bed so late.
_______________________________________________________
2. They might be on holiday.
_______________________________________________________
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29
Necessity: The child needs to have his own room. Her hair needs cutting.
IES p. 141
EXERCISE 61
NEED + gerund
Rewrite the following sentences using need + gerund
1. I think its time for the windows to be cleaned.
The windows ______________________________________________ .
2. I think its time for the car to be washed.
The car ______________________________________________ .
3. Look at the plants. You didnt water them.
The plants ______________________________________________ .
4. Your hair is too long. You should go to the hairdresser and have it cut.
Your hair ______________________________________________ .
5. I think its time for the house to be painted.
The house ______________________________________________ .
IES p. 141
EXERCISE 62
NEED + INFINITIVE
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of need and the verb in brackets
1. If you want to pass the exam, you __________ (study) more.
2. __________ I __________ (come) to the meeting this afternoon?
3. We __________ (not leave) yet. We have lots of time.
4. If I go to the United States, __________ I __________ (have) a visa?
5. We have lots of time. You __________ (not rush).
30
PROGRESS TEST 3
1. When I was young, I ______________ very fast.
/ can run / could run / might run /
2. I don't like hot weather but Anne ______________.
/ likes / does / doesn't /
3. They didn't want to come at first but we ______________ to persuade them.
/ were able / could / succeeded /
4. You ______________ come with me if you don't want to.
/ mustn't / haven't to / needn't /
5. They live on a busy main road. ______________ very noisy.
/ It must be / There must be / It must have been /
6. The car needs ______________.
/ cleaning / to clean / clean /
7. I'm feeling sick. I ______________ so much chocolate last night.
/ didn't have to eat / shouldn't eat / shouldn't have eaten /
8. David says I ______________ got the job. I'll find out tomorrow.
/ must have / had to / might have /
9. Children ______________ be very tiring sometimes.
/ can / have to / should /
10. It's very hot in here. ______________ I open the window?
/ Will / Shall / Would /
[U8 p132]
[U8 p125]
[U8 p132]
[U8 p135]
U8 p142]
[U8 p141]
[U8 p134]
[U8 p134]
U8 p137]
[U8 p137]
Mistakes
1. You mustn't to take photographs in the theatre.
[U8 p135]
[U8 p135]
[U8 p133]
[U8 p140]
[U8 p136]
[U8 p132]
[U8 p136]
[U8 p141]
[U8 p135]
10. When I was young, I should play with my dolls for hours.
[U8 p139]
31
I wish/If only
Reference to present time:
Wish /If only + noun/pronoun + simple past: I dont have much time now = I wish / If only I had
more time.
Wish / If only + noun/pronoun + past subjunctive of verb to be: You are not here but I would like
you to be here = I wish / If only you were here.
Wish / If only + same noun/pronoun as subject + could: I cant fly = I wish / If only I could fly.
Wish / If only + different noun/pronoun from subject + would: You dont tidy your room, but I
want you to tidy it = I wish you would tidy your room.
Reference to past time:
Wish / If only + noun/pronoun + past perfect: I didnt go to university. Now I have a badly-paid job
= I wish / If only I had gone to university.
EXERCISE 66
FIRST CONDITIONAL
Complete the First Conditional questions.
1. Perhaps it will rain. What (we/do) _______________________ if it rains?
2. Its possible Richard will lose his job. What _______________________ if he loses his job?
3. Its possible there wont be any time. What will I do if _______________________ any time?
4. Perhaps Sam will miss his train. What _______________________ if he misses his train?
5. Its possible you will get lost in the woods. What will you do if _______________________ in
the woods?
EXERCISE 67
SECOND CONDITIONAL
Choose the correct answer
1. If we didnt /dont have to work, wed travel around the world.
2. If you took/take more exercise youd be fitter.
3. Id help/Ill help you if I had more time.
4. If I am / were you, Id forget all about it.
5. If I win /won the lottery, Id give all the money to charity.
IES p. 99-100
EXERCISE 68
Match the situations with the appropriate advice
1. Im really tired
2. I have no money.
3. I was rude to my boss.
4. I have an exam tomorrow and I havent done any work.
5. Ive lost my wallet.
IES p. 97-100
EXERCISE 69
CONDITIONALS 1 and 2
33
Complete the following sentences by putting the verb in brackets in the correct form and
adding ll / will or d / would if necessary.
1. If you give me your address, I _____________ (send) you a postcard.
2. If I had a car, I _____________ (drive) to work.
3. If it _____________ (rain) this evening, Ill cancel the party.
4. I _____________ (come) and get you if you finish early.
5. What would you do if they _____________ (get) married?
6. He _____________ (lend) you the money if he had it.
7. If they _____________ (study) more, they would get better marks.
8. I dont know what I _____________ (do) if I didnt have you!
9. If you won the lottery, what _____________ (you / do)?
10. I _____________ (go) to the beach tomorrow if the weather is nice.
IES p. 104
EXERCISE 70
CONDITIONAL 3
Complete the following sentences using the third conditional
1. I would have phoned you if I _________________ (know) you were ill.
2. If he had gone to university, he _________________ (get) a better job.
3. If you had asked me, I _________________ (help) you.
4. We _________________ (not miss) the start of the film if we had arrived earlier.
5. I wouldnt have gone on holiday if I _________________ (know) what was going to happen.
EXERCISE 71
CONDITIONALS 1, 2, 3
Choose the correct answer to complete the sentence.
1. If youd done your homework, you
(a) wont get in trouble.
(b) wouldnt have got in trouble.
(c) wouldnt get in trouble.
2. Ill help him if he (a) would ask me.
(b) will ask me.
(c) asks me.
3. If you do the cooking I
(a) would do the washing- up.
(b) do the washing-up.
(c) will do the washing-up.
4. We would have missed the plane if
(a) we hadnt taken a taxi.
(b) didnt take a taxi.
(c) dont take a taxi.
5. Its a pity you didnt come skiing with us.
(a) You will love it.
(b) You would love it.
(c) You would have loved it.
EXERCISE 72
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences where necessary
1. If it will rain tomorrow, I wont go jogging.
2. If John phones tonight, Ill go out with him, but it depends how I feel when he calls.
3. Im warning you. You will get stomach ache if you will eat too many apples.
4. People would fall off the earth if there is no gravity.
5. Ill walk out if I wont like the concert this evening.
6. I dont like big cities. If I lived in the USA, I hadnt a flat in New York.
34
7. You never know. If we do the lottery this week, we will become millionaires.
8. If you would come from my country, you would understand what Im saying.
9. Unless you arent careful, youll lose all your money.
10. If Ill see Peter, Ill tell him to phone you.
Future simple
decision at time of speaking: I forgot to phone Jane. Ill call her now.
offering to do something: Ill help you with those bags Shall I open the door?
promising to do something: Ill write to you when I get there
requesting somebody to do something: Will you open the window, please?
future real events in hypothetical statements: If I get the tickets, Ill phone you
Future perfect
action that will already be complete some time in the future: The play will have started by the time
we get to the theatre
Future time
There are no inflected forms to express the future, so other alternative forms are used:
Arrangement:
Timetables:
Personal intention:
Spontaneous decision:
Promise:
Prediction:
Time clause:
Continuing action in the future: I will be studying every evening next week.
Action completed some time in the future: We will have finished painting the room by the time
you get
Continuing action completed at some time in the future: She will have been studying English
for one year by the end of term.
EXERCISE 73
Choose the correct answer
1. I think Juventus will win/is winning the match tonight.
2. The phone is ringing. Dont worry. Ill answer / Im going to answer it
3. Im seeing / Ill see the lawyer at nine o clock tomorrow.
4. Be careful! You will crash / are going to crash.
5. Look at the sky. Its going to rain / It will rain.
6. Theres no food in the fridge. Ok. Ill go / Im going to the supermarket.
7. Susans pregnant. Shes going to have / Shell have a baby.
35
8. What are you going to eat? I think Ill have / Im going to have a steak.
9. Were travelling/ We travel to Munich tomorrow morning.
10.What do you do/ are you doing this weekend?
EXERCISE 74
Underline the correct verb form in the sentences
a) Ive got a headache. Have you? Wait a minute. Ill get you/Im going to get you an aspirin.
b) Its Tonys birthday next week. Is it? I didnt know. Ill send/Im going to send him a card.
c) Why are you putting on your coat? Because Ill take/Im going to take the dog for a walk.
d) Are you and Alan still going out together? Oh, yes. Well get married/Were going to get
married next year.
e) A telephone conversation: Would you like to go out for a drink tonight? Im going to
watch/Ill watch the football on television. Oh! I didnt know it was on. Come and watch it
with me! OK. Ill come/Im going to come round at about 7.30.
f) Did you phone Peter about tonight? No, I forgot. Ill do/Im going to do it now. Whats his
number?
EXERCISE 75
Tick the correct response.
a) Have you booked your holiday?
Yes, we have. Were going to Italy.
Yes, we have. Well go to Italy.
b) Have you got toothache again?
Yes, its terrible. But I see the dentist this afternoon.
Yes, its terrible. But Im seeing the dentist this afternoon.
c) What a beautiful day! Not a cloud in the sky!
Ah, but the weather forecast says its raining
Ah, but the weather forecast says its going to rain.
d) I thought you had a fax machine.
Yes, thats right. Its being delivered tomorrow.
Yes, thats right. It will be delivered tomorrow.
e) Please dont tell anyone. Its a secret.
Dont worry. We wont tell anybody.
Dont worry. Were not telling anybody.
f) I havent got enough money to pay for my ticket.
Its OK. Im going to lend you some.
Its OK. Ill lend you some.
g) You two look really shocked. Whats the matter?
Weve just learnt that well have twins.
Weve just learnt that were going to have twins.
h) Can you meet me after work?
Id love to, but Johns taking me out tonight.
Id love to, but Johnll take me out tonight.
RELATIVE CLAUSES
Relative pronouns and adverbs are used in relative clauses to join sentences together to avoid
repetition.
Relative pronouns
relative pronoun
Use
Example
Who
subject/object pronoun -people The man who gave you a lift
36
Which
Whose
Whom
That
Relative adverbs
relative adverb
When
Where
Why
Use
time expression
Place
Reason
Example
The year when we got married
The house where he lived
The reason why he left
EXERCISE 76
Complete the sentences using the information in brackets and who or which
(1) (A dog bit me. It belonged to Mrs Jones).
The dog ________________________ belonged to Mrs. Jones.
(2) (A woman wrote to me. She wanted my advice.)
The woman ____________________________________ wanted my advice.
(3) (A bus crashed. It was 23 years old.)
The bus _____________________________ was 23 years old.
(4) (Ann talked to a man. He had won a lot of money.)
Ann talked to the man ______________________________________ .
(5) (Mary was staying with her friend. He has a big house in Scotland.)
Mary was staying with her friend _______________________________ .
EXERCISE 77
Complete the sentences using the information in brackets and that
(1) (I read about a new computer. I had seen it on TV.)
I read about the new computer
(2) (Jane made a cake. Nobody liked it.)
Nobody liked the cake
(3) (Mary sent me a letter. It was very funny.)
The letter ..
(4) (My sister wrote an article. The newspaper is going to publish it.)
The newspaper is going to publish the article
(5) (I met an old lady. She was 103 years old)
The old lady .
EXERCISE 78
Put in who or that only if necessary.
(1) The match ______ we saw was boring.
(2) Did I tell you about the people _____ live next door?
(3) The horse _____ won the race belongs to an Irish woman.
(4) I love the ice-cream _____ they sell in that shop.
(5) The book _____ Im reading is about jazz.
(6) The woman _____ came to see us was selling magazines.
(7) Well go to a restaurant _____ has a childrens menu.
(8) The factory _____ closed last week had been there for 70 years.
37
EXERCISE 79
From the notes, make one sentence. Use who or which with the words in brackets.
a. Football. (It first started in Britain.) It is now popular in many countries.
Football, ..
b. Margaret Thatcher. (She was the Prime Minister of Britain for 11 years.) She studied science at
university.
..
c. Michelangelo. (He lived until he was 90). He is one of Italys greatest artists.
..
d. The Nile. (It runs through several countries.) It is the longest river in Africa.
..
e. Gandhi. (He was born in 1869). He became Indias nationalist leader.
..
38
PROGRESS TEST 4
1. You ______________ listen to what I say, you never do.
[U8 p137]
/ will / won't / shall /
2. When I ______________ home this evening, I'm going to have a bath.
[U6 p97]
/ get / will get / got /
3. Be careful! You ______________ spill your coffee on the carpet.
[U6 p111]
/ about to / are going to / -- /
4. Even if he arrives, it ______________ too late.
U6 p97]
/ is / would be / will be /
5. If he ______________ harder, he would pass the exam.
[U6 p99]
/ would study / studies / studied /
6. What would you ______________ if you had been there?
[U6 p104]
/ do / have done / had done /
7. I wish I ______________ to go so soon.
U6 p100]
/ didn't have / don't have / hadn't /
8. We stayed at the Palace Hotel, ______________.
[U10 p150]
/ which John recommended / that John recommended / John recommended /
9. That woman ______________ didn't know about the fire.
[U10 p152]
/ I spoke to / which I spoke to / to which I spoke /
10. People ______________ to see the painting can visit the National Gallery. [U10 p153]
/ wish / wishing / to wish /
Mistakes
1. The phone's ringing - I answer it.
[U6 p110]
[U10 p150]
[U6 p110]
[U6 p104]
[U6 p97]
[U10 p152]
[U6 p99]
8. Unless you practice more, you will pass your driving test.
[U6 p97]
[U10 p153]
[U10 p152]
39
promise
refuse
*remember
say
start
*stop
threaten
*try
want
wish
complete
consider
delay
imagine
love
mind
deny
detest
practice
resist
risk
spend(time)
suggest
40
tolerate
waste (time)
41
IES p. 116-123
EXERCISE 80
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verb
1. I want _________________ (go) to bed early tonight.
2. He loves _________________ (ski). He goes to the mountains every weekend.
3. Mark is excellent at _________________ (learn) languages. He can speak five!
4. They enjoy _________________ (listen) to classical music.
5. It was getting dark when we finished_________________ (pack).
6. She refused _________________ (help) me. I was really upset.
7. The shop didnt mind _________________ (change) the jumper. They just needed the receipt.
8. Some people find English really difficult _________________ (learn).
9. Tom decided _________________ (study) economics.
10. They had an argument and stopped _________________ (talk) to each other.
EXERCISE 81
Complete the sentences with the infinitive or ing form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Im looking forward to _________ (see) you soon.
2. They want _________ (go) to the mountains for Christmas
3. But Id like _________ (stay) at home
4. Were thinking of _________ (move) to the country.
5. She loves _________ (swim). She goes swimming three times a week.
EXERCISE 82
Read the letter and underline the correct verb form.
Dear Dennis,
We just wanted a) say/to say/saying thank you for putting us up before we caught the plane last
week. It was a lovely evening, and we enjoyed b) meeting/to meet/meet your friends, Pete and
Sarah. We managed c) get/getting/to get to the airport with plenty of time to spare. We even tried d)
getting/to get/ get and earlier flight, but it wasnt possible.
We had a wonderful holiday in Spain. We just loved e) driving/to drive/drive through the
countryside, and we often stopped f) walk/walking/to walk round a mountain village. We met our
friends, Bill and Sue, and they invited us g) having/to have/have a meal with them. They wanted h)
that we stay/us to stay/we to stay with them, but we couldnt as we had already booked a hotel.
The weather was fantastic. The sun didnt stop i) shining/to shine/shine all the time we were there.
Leaving Spain was very sad. It made me j) want/wanting/to want to cry.
Anyway, were looking forward to hearing from you, and hope k) see/to see/seeing you soon. Let us
l) to know/knowing/know if youre ever in the area.
You must call in!
Best wishes,
Sandra.
IES p. 113-115
REPORTED SPEECH
When reporting what somebody says, unless we report the speech on the same day, we go back a
tense. Always check pronouns, place and time expressions and tenses and aspect.
Direct speech
Reported speech
Present simple
Past simple
Present progressive
Past progressive
Past simple +progressive
Past perfect simple + progressive
Present perfect simple +progressive
Past perfect simple + progressive
42
No change
Was/ were going to
Would
Conditional 2
No change
The day before
The next day, the following day, the day after
Reporting statements: I speak French = She said that she spoke French.
I am going to University = He said that he was going to University.
Reporting questions: Why do you smoke? = He asked me why I smoked.
Do you like beer? = He asked me if / whether I liked beer.
Requests: John, sit down, please. = She told John to sit down.
EXERCISE 83
Are the following sentences about changes in reported speech True (T) or False (F)?
1. Tenses change when the main verb is in the past tense.
2. Some verbs do not change.
3. Words such as time expressions never change.
4. Auxiliary verbs remain unchanged.
5. The word order of a reported question remains unchanged.
6. Punctuation changes.
7. Yes / No questions are reported using if or whether.
EXERCISE 84
Choose the correct answer.
1. a) He wanted to know what my name was.
b) He wanted to know what was my name.
c) He wanted to know what my name.
2. a) She asked me how was I.
b) She asked me how I was.
c) She asked me how am I.
3. a) He said he has already spoken to the manager.
b) He said he had already spoken to the manager.
c) He said he already speaks to the manager.
4. a) She told me that she didnt eat for several days.
b) She told me that she not eat for several days.
c) She told me that she hadnt eaten for several days.
5. a) He asked whether I have talked to the doctor while I was in hospital.
b) He asked whether I had talked to the doctor while I was in hospital.
c) He asked whether had I talked to the doctor while I was in hospital.
43
IES p.115
EXERCISE 85
Indirect questions
Complete the following sentences.
1. Could you tell me / when does the train leave?
2. Do you know / where is the museum?
3. Do you think / will there be a lot of people at the party?
4. I wonder / what time will they be home?
5. Could you tell me / what is the time?
TENSES: PASSIVE VOICE
PAST:
simple
progressive
I was watched
I was being watched
They were watched
They were being
watched
perfect
I had been watched
progressive
The room is being
cleaned
perfect
The room has been
cleaned
perfect
The room will have
been cleaned
make
steal
invent
build
paint
write
give
invite
employ
agreements and disagreements with statements: London is very expensive. Yes, it is. This film is
terrible. No, it isnt.
he?
Some colloquial exceptions are:
Do sit down.
IES p. 17-18
EXERCISE 91
Complete the following sentences with one of the words from the box below.
made
would
did
had
have (2x)
are
are
do
can
Question tags. Add the correct question tag in the sentences below.
1. Tom has been helping you, _________________?
2. You dont eat meat, _________________?
3. Ann was sleeping, _________________?
4. I missed a good party, _________________?
5. We are going to miss the train, _______________?
6. Im late, _________________?
7. You werent sleeping, _________________?
8. He will come and help, _________________?
9. Mark walks to work, _________________?
10. Sally doesnt like classical music, _________________?
EXERCISE 94
Compound adjectives. Rewrite the following sentences using a compound adjective.
1. My daughter is four years old.
I have a ___________________________________________________ .
2. The film lasts 90 minutes.
Its a ___________________________________________________.
3. His yacht was twenty-five metres long.
He has a ___________________________________________________
4. The building is 150 years old.
Its a ___________________________________________________.
5. The lesson lasts two hours.
It was a ___________________________________________________.
48
IES p. 123-124
PHRASAL VERBS
EXERCISE 95
LOOK UP / AFTER / FOR / OUT /FORWARD TO
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of one of the phrasal verbs in the box
below.
look up
look after
look forward to
look for
look out
1. I ____________________________ seeing you next week. I havent seen you for ages.
2. If you dont know the meaning of a word, you must __________ it __________.
3. Im __________ my keys. Have you seen them anywhere?
4. __________ ! Youre going to hit the car in front.
5. Nurses __________ the sick.
EXERCISE 96
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of one of the phrasal verbs in the box
below.
take after
bring up
take off
put off
put up with
5. Tourists are terrible. They leave all their rubbish on the floor.
a) I wish they would pick up it.
b) I wish they would pick it up.
IES p. 161-167
EXERCISE 98
VERB + PREPOSITION
Choose the correct preposition to complete the following sentences
on
of
for
with
in
to
after
about
at
1. Im really worried _________ the exam tomorrow.
2. You arent listening _________ me. What are you thinking _________?
3. Who were you talking _________ on the phone yesterday?
4. Im sorry but I really dont agree _________ you.
5. Im really looking forward _________ going skiing this weekend.
6. I get ________ really well with my brother. We never argue.
7. He was born _________ 04. 04. 1944!
8. Shall we meet _________ eight o clock?
9. I dont know if well go to the beach tomorrow. It depends _________ the weather.
10. Hes not interested _________ anything I say.
50
PROGRESS TEST 5
1. We would really like ______________ you.
/ seeing / see / to see /
2. They made me ______________ all day yesterday.
/ work / to work / working /
3. She is ______________ the Channel when she was twenty.
/ thought to swim / thought to have swum / thought to be swimming /
4. We ______________ stay at home than go for a walk.
/ would rather / did rather / had rather /
5. They went to the manager ______________ about their low salary.
/ to protest / for protest / for to protest /
6. A lot of accidents ______________ by careless driving.
/ are causing / are caused / caused /
7. I've tried ______________ my plants, but they still keep dying.
/ to water / watering / water /
8. He asked me ______________.
/ what was my name / what my name was / how was my name /
9. I spend my weekends looking ______________ my little niece.
/ for / after / about /
10. The lights are still on - turn ______________ !
/ off them / it off / them off /
[U7 p117]
[U7 p116]
[U9 p147]
U7 p116]
[U7 p119]
[U9 p146]
[U7 p122]
U6 p115]
[U7 p123]
U7 p123]
Mistakes
1. He told me don't use the phone.
U6 p116]
[U6 p115]
U7 p121]
U7 p124]
6 p116]
[U7 p121]
U9 p147]
U9 p148]
[U7 p122]
10. They had to look for their father when he was ill.
[U7 p123]
51
DO
TAKE
a mistake
a meal
money
friends
a decision
a noise
progress
a difference
homework
the housework
a subject
a course
the shopping
research
someone a favour
well
something/nothing
an exam (also do
a photo
a break
a decision (also make)
a shower (also have)
a bus/train/plane/ taxi
a seat
periods of time (time you need
to do something: it takes me 20
minutes to get to work
time off
A. Underline the correct verb(s) in italics. Be careful: in some sentence both verbs are correct.
1. I couldnt do/make my homework last night.
2. When do you take/do your next exam?
3. Did he do/make any mistakes?
4. I dont often make/do the housework.
5. Did you make/take many photos.
6. I think Ive done/made a lot of progress.
7. I want to do/make a course in Japanese.
8. We must take/make a decision soon.
9. He is doing/making research in biology.
10. They did/made a lot of noise during the party.
B. Replace the underlined phrase with a phrase from above using the verb in brackets.
1. I buy my food on Friday mornings. (do)
2. He is definitely improving. (make)
3. Ok, lets stop work and relax for 15 minutes. (take)
4. Could you help me and post this letter for me? (do)
5. Now I have a car it changes things a lot. (make)
6. They both want to become rich. (make)
7. When are they going to decide? (make)
8. Im afraid she failed in both exams. (do)
52
53
KEEP
Keep + noun/pronoun + adjective: to make something/somebody stay in a particular state
e.g. These gloves will keep your hands warm
Keep + -ing: to do something again and again
e.g. I keep losing my keys
BREAK
to break a record
to break the law
to break the news to someone
to break someones heart
SEE
to see = to understand (e.g., I dont see what the problem is
to see = to find out (e.g. Is that John at the door? Yes, Ill see what he wants.
A. Complete the gaps with the correct form of one of the verbs from above.
1. She _______________ me a big smile when I arrived this morning.
2. He said he was sorry to _______________ us waiting.
3. Thats the second time shes _______________ the record.
4. Before we make a decision, lets _______________ what Mary says.
5. He just came up to me and _______________ a big hug
6. I dont know what the problem is, but I _______________ getting headaches.
7. I dont know when the next train is due Ill go and _______________ what the timetable says.
8. A: Theres something wrong with this window. B: Yes, I _______________ what you mean.
9. Ill have to _______________ the news when they get here.
10. I dont _______________ the point of spending a lot of money on childrens clothes.
B. Complete the sentences with a suitable adjective or ing form.
1. This umbrella should keep you _______________.
2. I dont know why she keeps _______________ - it wasnt a very funny story.
3. I never drink coffee at night; it keeps me _______________.
4. If you do lots of exercise, itll keep you _______________.
5. Its really stupid but I keep _______________ to lock the door when I go out.
54
CATCH
a bus
a criminal
a cold/the flu
not catch (= not understand)
a ball
LET
let someone do something
let someone know
lets
let me see
let me do something
A. Fill the gaps in these sentences and dialogues with a suitable verb from above.
1. We can walk to the High Street and then _______________ a bus to the station.
2. (on the phone) Im afraid Tom is out. Do you want me to _______________ a message?
3. I asked Mum be she wont _______________ me borrow the car.
4. The teacher _______________ them talking to each other in the exam so they might be in
trouble.
5. A: Im sorry, I didnt _______________ your name. B: Harry.
B. Complete the sentences in bold in the following sentences.
1. Please leave me _______________; Im trying to read the paper.
2. Im sorry, I didnt quite _______________ what you said.
3. If you need any help, just let me _______________.
4. We cant make a cake. We havent got any eggs _______________.
5. I caught a _______________ on holiday and Ive still got it. I feel terrible.
55
GET
GET
receive: I got a couple of letters this morning.
find/buy: I got my tickets for the concert yesterday.
become: It gets very dark in December.
arrive/reach: Ill phone when I get home.
fetch: Wait here while I get the car.
GET + adjective
Its getting hot/cold/dark
Its getting better/worse
Im getting hot/cold/tired
Im getting hungry/thirsty/ ready
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DAILY LIFE: shopping, clothes, house and home, food and drink, transport
Shopping and money
A. Underline the correct answer in the sentences below.
1. I think these trousers are the wrong size/number for you.
2. Sandra wants to buy/to take some new shoes.
3. Thank you, Madam. This is your recipe/receipt.
4. Id like to buy this jacket but it costs a lot of money/cash.
5. I saw some black boots in the window. Can I try/put them on?
6. Im sorry but the shop closes/ends in five minutes.
7. Could I have a small white loaf/bread please?
8. Please name/sign on this line.
9. Could you put these things in a bag/sack please?
10. Excuse me, could you tell me how much this costs/prices?
B. Complete the sentences with the most appropriate word from the box below.
assistant
customer
bargain
label
change
sale
cheque
size
counter
shoplifter
1. Tim signed a __________________ for 500 but the shop refused to accept it.
2. Mark bought his i-pod cheap in a __________________
3. You gave me 50,00 and the present cost 45,00 so here is 5,00 __________________.
4. Sally left her purse on the __________________ when she paid for the food.
5. The old lady forgot to pay for the blouse and was arrested for being a __________________.
6. I only paid 10,00 for this skirt. It was a real __________________.
7. Helen asked the __________________ to help her choose a dress.
8. These shoes are __________________ 38. Are they big enough?
C. Write the appropriate shop from the box below next to the correct sentence.
bakers
bank
department store
butchers
chemists
corner shop
market
greengrocers
newsagent
post office
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
box
carton
tube
bar
packet
bunch
tin
1. a ______________ of biscuits.
2. a ______________ of toothpaste.
3. a ______________ of tomatoes.
4. a ______________ of milk.
5. a ______________ of tissues.
6. a ______________ of chocolate.
7. a ______________ of bananas.
8. a ______________ of bread.
House and home
A. Complete the sentences below with the appropriate word from the box below.
bathroom
kitchen
ceiling
stairs
door
wall
floor
window
garden
bed-sit
bungalow
semi-detached house
cottage
hotel
terraced house
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
C. Complete each of the sentences with an appropriate word from the box below.
carpet
curtains
cushion
drawer
pillow
59
radiator
settee
socket
bus
driver
drive
fare
get/catch/take
get on/off
journey
bus station
train
driver
drive
fare
get/catch/take
get on/off
journey
railway station
plane
pilot
fly
air fare
get/take
get on/off
flight/journey
airport
Taxi
driver
drive
fare
get/take
get in/out of
taxi rank
bicycle
cyclist
ride
go on (my)
get on/off
ride
-
Car
Driver
drive
go in (my)
get in/out
journey
-
B. Write down two different words that can combine with each of the words below.
1.
________________
fare
________________
2. get on
________________
________________
3.
________________
station
________________
4.
________________
driver
________________
5. get in
________________
________________
area
limit
belt
crash
park
fine
rank
hour
station
jam
transport
lane
lights
works
C. Complete the compound nouns below using an appropriate word from the box above.
1. petrol ________________
2. traffic ________________
3. seat ________________
4. rush ________________
5. car ________________
6. parking ________________
7. traffic ________________
8. speed ________________
9. public ________________
10. pedestrian ________________
11. cycle ________________
12. road ________________
13. taxi ________________
14. car ________________
61
62
FREE TIME:
Travel and holiday
camper
pilot
flight attendant
tourist
driver
travel agent
guide
hitchhiker
journey
trip
passenger
waiter
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
travel
B. Complete the definitions below with a word from the box above.
1. A ________________ is when you travel from one place to another by car, train, plane, etc.
2. ________________ is normally used as a verb, e.g. I ________________ a lot.
3. A ________________ is when you go somewhere by plane.
4. A ________________ is when you go somewhere, either for a holiday or on business, stay there
and come back again.
C. Underline the appropriate words to complete the passage below.
Most people enjoy going 1. out/forward/abroad/foreign for their holidays, and having the
opportunity to 2. remain/pass/spend/stay in an interesting city or a seaside 3. resort/post/too /one. If
you speak 4. strange/stranger/foreign/foreigner languages, you can make new friends, and 5.
fetch/take/go/get home some interesting 6. memories/souvenirs/memoirs/recollections as presents.
But before you can do that, you have to 7. reach/arrive/go/get your destination, and that is often a
problem! If you fly, then you may find that your flight has been 8. waited/reversed/delayed/booked.
9. Journeys/Travels/Voyages/Passes by train can also be difficult, since trains are often 10.
filling/occupied/overdone/crowded in the summer, and you might have to reserve a 11.
post/chair/seat/position in advance. Whichever way you 12. voyage/travel/trip/tour, you can have
problems with your 13. baggages/luggage/goods/sacks , and it is often difficult to find good 14.
staying/homes/lodges/accommodation. Apart from this, you might not be able to afford the 15.
fare/fair/far/fur.
Different kinds of holiday
skiing
beach
camping
sailing
hiking
safari
cruise
sightseeing
63
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
romance
comedy
thriller
disaster movie
romantic comedy
action film
B. Are you a cinema expert? Match one of the films above with an appropriate title.
1. Pearl Harbour.
2. Four Weddings and a Funeral.
3. Die Hard.
4. Frankenstein.
5. Silence of the Lambs
6. Basic Instinct.
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
Types of music
classical music
opera
jazz
C. Are you a music expert? Match one of the types of music above with an appropriate title or
composer.
1. Miles Davis.
2. La Traviata
3. U2
4. Beethoven.
____________
____________
____________
____________
64
The Media
Most newspapers are daily. Magazines are weekly or monthly. People often refer to newspapers
as the press.
A newspaper includes: reports, articles, headlines, reviews and adverts.
D. Match the descriptions below with the correct word in the box above.
1. Words and pictures about a product to make people buy it.
2. Pieces of writing about news items.
3. Articles giving opinions about a new film or book, etc.
4 Titles in large letters above the report/article.
____________
____________
____________
____________
a park
a party
a running track
a stage
a funfair
a circus
a beach
a gym
captain
goalkeeper
players
coach
team
referee
umpire
crowd
spectator
66
secondary school
state schools
nursery school
primary school
head
pupils
boarding schools
uniforms
explain
practise
fail
have
share
take
make
underline
B. Complete the sentences with an appropriate word from the box above.
1. We have to _____________ books because there arent enough for everyone.
2. Dont worry if you _____________ the exam. You can take it again in July.
3. I must remember to _____________ this book back to the library today.
4. During the exam, Jack tried to _____________ Jills work.
5. Some teachers dont _____________ things very clearly.
6. What exactly does this word _____________ ?
7. We didnt have a history _____________ today because our teacher was ill.
8. Its a good idea to _____________ important words with a pencil.
9. If you dont _____________ a foreign language, you soon forget it.
10. I cant _____________ up my mind about the answer to this question.
fill
pick
get
hand
stand
keep
take
look
write
make
C. Complete the sentences with an appropriate word from the box above.
1. If you dont know the answer, _____________ it up in the back of the book.
2. If you speak so fast I cant _____________ down what you are saying.
3. Stop talking and _____________ on with your work.
4. Harry finds it hard to _____________ with the rest of the maths class.
5. I can see the whiteboard but I cant _____________ out what the words say.
6. Carol had a holiday in Spain and managed to _____________ up some of the language.
7. Could you _____________ in this form please with your personal details?
8. My boss wouldnt let me _____________ time off to visit my parents.
9. Dont forget to check over your work before you _____________ it in.
10. Mrs Smith is going to _____________ in for your teacher while he is away.
67
Higher Education
arts
degree
science
courses
do research
subjects
professors
D. Complete the text below with an appropriate word from the box above.
At university you can do ____________ in many different ____________ (e.g. law). Some students
prefer to do an ____________ course (e.g. languages) and others prefer a ____________ course
(e.g. engineering). In Britain it usually takes three or four years to get a university ____________ .
when they finish their course, some people stay at university and ____________ . The most
important teachers at a university are called ____________
Jobs
A. Put the following sentences in the correct chronological order.
He was sacked
He was looking for a job
He got promoted
He decided to apply for it
He earned a good salary
He went to sign the contract
He was unemployed
He sent in his CV and application form
He worked hard and did overtime
He saw an advertisement as a computer programmer
They phoned to say he had got the job
retire
employer
company
manager
trade union
employee
(go on) strike
resign
inspector
scientist
librarian
other
68
Noun
verb
protect
destroy
survive
B. Match a word on the left with one on the right to form compound words or phrase.
1. peace
2. civil
3. natural
4. global
a. resources
b. settlement
c. warming
d. war
Many people believe we are destroying the environment. Cars and factories pollute the air. We
continue to cut down rainforests and increase the dangers of global warming (an increase in
temperature because of increased carbon dioxide around the earth).
How can the planet survive?
We must save/conserve natural resources. We must not waste them.
We must protect animals and plants.
We mustnt throw away bottles and cans. We must recycle the.
C. Read the text above and then complete the definitions with a word or phrase
1. Global warming is an increase in temperature caused by an increase in _____________
2. A disaster is when something _____________
3. A famine is a long period of time when people may die because there isnt enough
_____________.
4. A flood is the result of too much _____________.
5. A drought occurs when there is a long period without _____________
6. A war is a long period of _____________
7. A civil war is a war between to or more groups from _____________
8. To assassinate means to _____________
9. Soldiers are people who fight in an _____________
10. Civilians are people who are not _____________ .
The Weather
Weather conditions
A. Complete the table below
noun
sun
adjective
Noun
Wind
cloudy
fog
adjective
icy
Shower
hot
humid
a. freezing
b. to drizzle
69
c. boiling
d. shower
e. to pour
C. Put the different kinds of wind in the correct order, starting with the weakest.
Hurricane
Strong wind
Breeze
Gale
Wind
D. Complete the gaps with a suitable word.
1. We had really thick ___________ this morning.
2. When its hot, you still get a lovely ___________ off the sea.
3. I hope we dont get any more thunder and ___________.
4. We had a heavy ___________ of rain this morning but it only lasted a few minutes.
5. The hurricane completely ___________ the village.
6. Its quite hot when the sun ___________ out.
7. Whats the ___________ today? It feels much colder than yesterday.
8. They said it was ten degrees below ___________ in New York yesterday.
70
PREPOSITIONS
to
on
of
at
with
for
as
about
at
on
- (no preposition)
to
in
with
by
between
on
with
to
of
from
at
in
72
Morphology. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Participation of a trained ___________ is advisable when assessing needs (law).
2. The _____________ has promised to give more funding for special needs. (to govern).
3. A _________ between the school and family helps the childs progress considerably.
(partner)).
4. Many of those who are ___________ generally come from families with considerable
problems (home).
5. ________ families have lower incomes (poverty).
6. It is a __________ offence to sell goods that are unsafe. (crime)
7. Children find divorce very __________. (trauma)
8. The __________ need to be provided with accommodation. (home)
9. 14. People sleeping on the streets is an example of modern-day __________. (poor)
10. Psychoactive drugs alter a person's __________ and feelings. (to perceive)
11. A ________ environment is essential in childcare. (to support)
12. There may be a ________ in the services offered. (to vary)
13. Lack of psychological counselling can be ________ for children who have suffered abuse.
(harm)
14. One ________ parents frequently experience concerns schooling. (difficult)
15. The teachers noted a clear ________ in the childs behaviour after counselling. (to improve).
16. During ____________ many children suffer from bullying (adolescent).
17. Bullies often ________ in a similar way (behaviour).
18. Bullies frequently __________ their victims verbally. (threat).
19. Not all people think bullies should be ___________ (punishment).
20. One of the characteristics of bullies may be __________ (depressed).
21. She gives the children a great sense of __________ . (secure)
22. I found it hard to overcome the feeling of __________ when my husband died. (to lose)
23. Childrens __________ can be caused by parental conflict. (sad)
24. Divorce can be very __________ for all the people involved. (harm)
25. The __________of the case could have been avoided. (to manage)
26. How parents deal with divorce is of the greatest _________ for their children (important).
27. The ________ that they caused the divorce is a big problem for children (believe).
28. Increased mental ___________ can be a result of divorce (ill).
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74
APPENDIX 3:
MORPHOLOGY KEY
1. lawyer
2. government
3. partnership
4. homeless
5. poor
6. criminal
7. traumatic
8. homeless
9. poverty
10. perception
11. supportive
12. variation
13. harmful
14. difficulty
15. improvement
16. adolescence
17. behave
18. threaten
19. punished
20. depression
21. security
22. loss
23. sadness
24. harmful
25. mismanagement
26. importance
27. belief
28. illness
29. aggressiveness
30. criminal
31. carers
32. homeless
33. sight
34. behavioural
35. protection
36. belief
37. suggestions
38. vulnerable
39. parental
40. parental
41. partnership
42. development
43. counselling
44. reference
45. reduction
46. identification
47. resettlement
48. recommendations
49. supportive
75
50. published
76