15/01/2014

Lecture outline

IT skills:
PowerPoint & Excel

PowerPoint

Excel

Text on slides

Animations - Dont overdo it

Using the fill handle

Useful formulas
 The Sum function
 The AutoSum function
 Calculating an Average

Sorting data

Creating graphs
 Inserting error bars
 APA style
 Labelling axes

Using the notes section

Using video clips

Dr Julie Gawrylowicz
Julie.Gawrylowicz@rhul.ac.uk

General good power point

presentations

Presentation skills

How to control your nerves

Text on slides

What is science?

The scientific revolution (1473-1860)
The first thing to notice is that the scientific revolution and the emergence of Psychology as a science did not happen over night. This
revolution occurred over a time period of over 200 years.
Here are the main developments which led to the scientific revolution and the emergence of psychology:


The realisation that the Earth did not form the centre of universe
 Copernicus & Galilei heliocentric model

Many things on Earth can be understood as machines

 Descartes mechanistic view & dualism

Many movements on Earth and in the universe can be described with a mathematical
equations
 Newton Law of physics

Scientific method
 Bacon interaction theory and observations, falsifications & replications
 Comte - Positivism

The emergence of Psychology






Darwin
Kant
Establishment of Psychophysics
Development of statistics

Choose a font style that your audience can

read from a distance
+
+
-

Helvetica
Arial
Times
Narrow Arial

Choose a font colour

 Dark blue on light yellow preferred over black
and white

Animations - Dont overdo it!

Text on slides

The scientific revolution

Choose a font size that your audience can read

from a distance
 Big enough to be seen by the audience!

Name given to a series of discoveries in the 17th

century, involving Galilei, Descartes and Newton,
that enhanced the status of science in society

 Try to never go smaller than 18-point

Three key developments

 Labels and captions should never be smaller

than 14-point but bigger is better

1) The realisation that the Earth did not form the centre of
universe
2) Many things on Earth can be understood as machines
3) Many movements on Earth and in the universe can be
described with a few relatively simple mathematical
equations Law of physics

Toolkit

Toolkit

Toolkit

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Using movies

Useful tips when using movies

Update file paths to movies!

Ueful tips when using movies

Free Windows
Movie Maker

Using the notes section

Printing the notes section

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General tips for good presentations

KISS Keep it simple stupid!

Rule of tellem

Rehearse, but dont overdo it!

Every slide deserves 10 sec, and no slide more
than 2 min

Timing is important!

Tell me and I forget. Show me and I remember.
Involve me, and I understand - Chinese proverb

Presentation skills

Appearance & mimicry
 Dress to impress
 Smile!

Presentation skills

Gestures = visual reinforcement of the words





Open
Spontaneous
Broad and flowing
Varied

Body movements
 Dont hide behind the podium
 Get physically close to audience

Controlling your nerves

Practice!
 Be aware of the difference between presenting
and reciting!

Make notes, but dont use them

 I carry fire insurance, but I dont expect my
house to burn down (Winston Churchill)

Controlling your nerves

Stage fright is normal

Stage fright = negative term for excitement
 Rechannel into enthusiams!

Taking a deep breath

Smile

Excel

Excel is great for...
 Lists:
 To-do lists

 Storing/Filtering/Summarising:
 Experimental data
 Visualising data
 Calculations

Eat bananas

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Using the fill handle

1

Useful formulas

Formulas beginn with (=)
 The Sum function
 The AutoSum function
 Calculating an Average

Enter

Type in
formula

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Calculating an average
3
1
4

Calculating a standard deviation

Sorting data
1

4
2

Many types of graphs!

Bar graphs showing frequencies

Bar graphs showing means

Bar graphs with error bars

Bar graphs without error bars

Histogramms, Line Charts, Pie Charts

Line graph or bar graph?

When intermediate values of the independent
variable are possible...
 Use a line graph
E.g. when your independent variable shows points in
time

When no possible intermediates between

independent variables are possible...
 Use a bar graph
E.g. when your independent variable is gender

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Error bars or no error bars?

Start making a proper graph...

When you are showing means of your dependent

variable in your graph...
 Add error bars

E.g. when your dependent variable is average number of

cigarettes smoked per week.

When you are showing frequencies (number of

people)...
 Do not add error bars

E.g., number of males and females studying psychology.

Why?

What to select?

This is the graph you should get

Bar graph or line graph?

Error bars?

How to turn it into a graph?

To add error bars...

Click once on the chart to select the whole thing

(make sure you don't click on the inner part of the
chart because that will select just the axes and bars).

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To add error bars...

Your graph now looks like this:

Greyscale & gridlines

APA-style

Greyscale no colour!
No gridlines
Dont forget to label your axes
Dont forget to give your graph a figure legend
(this you simply do in Word not in Excel)

Click on graph to select it (whole graph).

 Removing gridlines:
 Simply click on the
gridlines to select them
and then click on delete

Labelling the axes

Tadaaaaa!!

Click on graph to select it (whole graph).

Y-axis
X-axis

Figure 1. Mean annual expenditure of men and women on beer,

pizza, kebabs, and shoes.

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The good news...

Creating other graphs works in a very similar
manner
 Try some different versions when you get home
today!

Thank you for your attention!

Further questions?
Dr Julie Gawrylowicz
Julie.gawrylowicz@rhul.ac.uk