Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1998 McGraw-Hill
Un ciclo Esfuerzo-Deformacin
1998 McGraw-Hill
Materiales de resortes
De nsity,
, lbf/in.3
M aximum
service
temper ature
F
11.5 x 10
0.283
250
30 x 106
11.5 x 106
0.283
250
Common name
Specification
Modulus
of
Elasticity,
E, psi
ASTM A228
30 x 10
Hard drawn
ASTM A227
Shear
modulus of
elasticity,
G, psi
Stainless steels
Martensitic
29 x 106
11 x 106
0.280
500
Austenitic
28 x 106
10 x 106
0.282
600
Copper-based alloys
Spring brass
ASTM B134
16 x 10
6 x 10
0.308
200
Phosphor bronze
ASTM B159
15 x 106
6.3 x 106
0.320
200
Beryllium copper
ASTM B197
19 x 106
6.5 x 106
0.297
400
Nickel-based alloys
Inconel 600
31 x 10
0.307
600
Inconel X-750
Ni-Span C
11 x 10
31 x 10
11 x 10
0.298
1100
27 x 106
9.6 x 106
0.294
200
Coeficientes de esfuerzos
Material
Size range
in.
mm
Music wirea
0.004-0.250
0.10-6.5
Oil-tempered wireb
0.020-0.500
0.50-12
Hard-drawn wirec
0.028-0.500
0.70-12
Chromium vanadiumd
0.032-0.437
0.80-12
Chromium siliconee
0.063-0.375
1.6-10
a
Surface is smooth and free from defects and has a bright, lustrous finish.
b
Surface has a slight heat-treating scale that must be removed before plating.
c
Surface is smooth and bright with no visible marks.
d
Aircraft-quality tempered wire; can also be obtained annealed.
e
Tempered to Rockwel C49 but may also be obtained untempered.
Constant, Ap
m
0.146
0.186
0.192
0.167
0.112
ksi
196
149
136
169
202
Mpa
2170
1880
1750
2000
2000
Tabla Coeficientes usados en Ec. (16.2) para cinco materiales de resortes [Desde
Design Handbook (1987)]
1998 McGraw-Hill
Resorte Helicoidal
1998 McGraw-Hill
Plain
0
Na
pNa+d
d(Nt+1)
(lf-d)/Na
Type of spring e nd
Plain and
Square d or
ground
close d
1
2
Na+1
Na +2
p(Na +1)
pNa +3d
dNt
d(Nt+1)
lf/(Na +1)
(lf-3d)/Na
Square d and
ground
2
Na+2
pNa+2d
dNt
(lf-2d)/Na
Table 16.3 Useful formulas for compression springs with four end conditions.
1998 McGraw-Hill
Figure 16.5 Various lengths and forces applicable to helical compression springs. (a)
Unloaded; (b) under initial load; (c) under operating load; (d) under solid load.
1998 McGraw-Hill
Force vs.
Deflection
1998 McGraw-Hill
Figure 16.7 Critical buckling conditions for parallel and nonparallel ends of
compression springs. [From Design Handbook (1987).]
1998 McGraw-Hill
1998 McGraw-Hill
Figure 16.10 Preferred range of initial shear stress for various spring indexes [From
Almen and Laszlo (1936).]
1998 McGraw-Hill
Torsion Spring
1998 McGraw-Hill
Leaf Spring
Belleville Spring
1998 McGraw-Hill
1998 McGraw-Hill
1998 McGraw-Hill
1998 McGraw-Hill
1998 McGraw-Hill