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Blues
Etimologa: La frase the blues hace referencia a los blue devils (diablos
azules o espritus cados), la depresin y la tristeza.
Una de las primeras formas de msica conocida que guarda similitud con el
blues, se corresponde con los gritos de llamada y respuesta (msica), los
cuales se definieron como expresiones funcionales de un estilo con
acompaamiento o armona y alejados de la formalidad de cualquier
estructura musical.
2. jazz
3. gspel
Estos inmigrantes forzosos traen consigo un estilo musical propio. Una vida
comunitaria basada en la msica y el baile, siempre dirigido por una
percusin insistente, se incorpora al rito de la recin descubierta fe
cristiana. El canto se acenta con la animada participacin de los oyentes
(exhortaciones, palmas, baile improvisado). Poco a poco la msica
eclesistica blanca, europea, estril a odos de estos nuevos conversos
se transforma, y nacen los llamados espirituales negros.
4. soul
Es un tiempo de lucha por los derechos civiles, marcado por lderes como
Martin Luther King, en el que estaba floreciente la conciencia racial y a la
orden del da los motines callejeros. En este tiempo es cuando la msica
soul adquiere un valor de smbolo dentro del contexto social. Se descubre
el R&B en Europa, lo que hace posible la aparicin de fenmenos de fans
como The Beatles o The Rolling Stones.
1. Blues
The blues (which means melancholy or sadness) is a vocal and
instrumental musical genre originating in African American communities in
the United States, was developed through spiritual, prayer songs, work
songs, rhymes English, Scottish and Irish ballads narrated and screams
field.
The use of blues notes and the importance of call and response patterns in
both music and lyrics are indicative of African-western heritage of this genre.
The blues influenced later American and Western popular music in
general, becoming part of musical genres such as ragtime, jazz, bluegrass,
rhythm and blues, rock and roll, funk, heavy metal, hip-hop, country music
and songs pop.
Etymology: The phrase the blues refers to the devils blue (blue devils or
fallen spirits), depression and sadness.
One of the earliest known forms of music that keeps similarity with the
blues, corresponds to the screams of call and response (music), which is
defined as "functional expression of a style accompaniment or harmony and
away from the formality of any musical structure.
A form of this pre-blues style was heard in the cries or screams slave
camp, which took the form of "songs from one artist with emotional content".
Source: The blues has evolved from an unaccompanied vocal music,
played by poor black workers at a variety of styles and subgenres, with
regional variations across the United States and later in Europe and West
Africa.
The musical forms and styles that are considered today as the blues, as
well as in modern country music, born in the same regions of the southern
United States during the nineteenth century. Recorded blues and country
dating back to the twenties, a period in which the recording industry created
marketing categories called "race music" and "hillbilly music" to sell music
by blacks and whites, respectively can be found.
While blues emerged from African American culture, some blues musicians
were known worldwide. Some studies place the origin of the black spiritual
in the exhibition that took slaves to gospel, (originally from the Hebrides) of
2. jazz
Geographically, jazz emerged in the state of Louisiana, specifically in the
area of influence of New Orleans (birthplace of jazz music style and main
center during the early days of jazz), where large consignments of slaves
arrived in color, mainly western Africa south of the Sahara, the area known
as Ivory Coast, "Gold Coast" or "Slave Coast".
in 1987 the United States Congress declared American jazz as an
"outstanding model of expression" and as an "exceptional national
treasure". It has been noted that the engine of this progress has been
innovation, a feature that has always been present in the history of this
music.
The jazz musical identity is complex and can not be isolated or easily
defined. First, although often the term is used to refer to a musical language
(such as is done, for example, when discussing classical music), jazz is
actually a family of genres whose members share common characteristics
but not individually represent the complexity of gender as a whole.
While it is true that jazz is a product of African American culture, has
always been open to influences from other musical traditions, and since
1920 has been executed by musicians from around the world with a very
different background.
3. gospel
The gospel music, gospel music or gospel music at its most narrow
definition, is the religious music that emerged from African American
churches in the eighteenth century and became popular during the 1930s.
generally, religious music composed and sung by southern Christian
singers, regardless of ethnicity often also included.
The gospel music, unlike Christian hymns, are light character in music.
The word gospel is derived from the Saxon word Godspell, which means
"word of God", translating the Greek euangelion biblical term, "good news".
This form of singing is it called so because it was a gospel song, to invite
people to God. The lyrics often reflect the values of Christian life.
The strong division between whites and African descent in EE. UU.,
Especially between churches of targets and those of African descent, has
maintained both branches of gospel separated, although this separation was
never absolute (both leave from Methodist hymns and artists of a tradition
sing songs sometimes the other), and such separation has declined slightly
in the last half century.
It is a musical genre characterized by the dominant use of choirs with an
excellent use of harmony. Among the subgenres traditional gospel, black
gospel, southern, etc. are included
The gospel music born from the tradition of "Negro spirituals" entrenched
in the suffering of generations of African slaves who were uprooted from
their land and deported to Latin music.
The music dates back to 1619, when the first African reaches the colony of
Virginia.
These forced immigrants bring their own musical style. A community life
based on music and dance, always led by an insistent percussion joins the
rite of newfound Christian faith. The song is accented with lively audience
participation (exhortations, palms, impromptu dance). Gradually the white
church, european, music -a sterile ears of these new conversos- is
transformed and born-called "Negro spirituals".
Another feature of indigenous slaves imported genre is the ballad, the
story-the oral tradition of the tribe of the exploits of ancient heroes. This
aspect is incorporated into the new Christian content. The heroes of the Old
Testament, like Abraham, Joshua, Gideon, and Daniel are part of the
musical pantheon.
In addition to the memory of the heroes of the Bible, Negro spirituals that
slaves used to communicate in code and circumvent the surveillance of the
master.
The slaves believe the best news of all is the gospel of salvation in Jesus
Christ. While the masters propagate the faith to keep the brutish masses,
many of those who make these masses now see in Jesus the greatest of all
the ancient heroes, and sing of his love, his power, his suffering and his
cross.
4. Soul
The soul is a music genre originating in the United States combining
elements of gospel and rhythm and blues.
the soul is a kind of "music that arose from the experience of the black
community in America through the transmutation of gospel and rhythm &
blues into a form of funky, secular statement.
Catchy rhythms, accented by palms and spontaneous body movements
are an important element of the soul. Other features include the call and
response between the soloist and chorus, and an especially tense vocal
sound.
After the Second World War came a period full of postwar poverty,
especially for the lower strata of society, at the end of where the black
population was. The phenomenon of migration of population to the north
and west by the immense pressure enduring the white population appears.
It is a time of struggle for civil rights, marked by leaders like Martin Luther
King, which was flourishing racial consciousness and agenda street riots. At
this time is when soul music takes on a symbolic value within the social
context. R & B is discovered in Europe, making possible the emergence of
phenomena fans as The Beatles and The Rolling Stones.
In 1967 came the revolution of the soul, enhanced by the claim of racial
rights and the emergence of Aretha Franklin album "I never loved a man the
way I love you" and hit singles such as "Respect". These moments are
considered the peak of the soul.