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SAT Chemistry
TEST 1
I ANSWER
KEY
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS
OF ANSWERS
TEST 1
PART A
PART A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
IC)
(D)
(B)
(B)
(D)
IA)
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
(D)
105.
106.
107.
108.
F, T
F, F
T, T
F, F
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
(E)
(B)
IE)
(C)
(G)
IB)
(D)
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
(A)
109.
110.
111.
112.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
IE)
IB)
IC)
IA)
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
(E)
IE)
(D)
(B)
IE)
F, T
F, T
T, F
T, T, GE
113.
114.
115.
116.
F,
T,
T,
F,
(A)
(B)
(B)
IB)
IE)
IG)
(G)
IB)
IB)
(B)
(E)
(A)
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
(D)
(D)
PARTB
101.
102.
103.
104.
T, F
F, F
T, T, GE
F, T
F
T, CE
T, GE
F
PARTe
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
(G)
(D)
IA)
IE)
(D)
(D)
(E)
IE)
(A)
(A)
(A)
(A)
(D)
(E)
IG)
(D)
(B)
(G)
(E)
(D)
(G)
(B)
(E)
(E)
IC)
(D)
(C)
(G)
(E)
(E)
(A)
(e)
The metalloids have characteristics of both the metals and the nonmetals. Metals are conductors while nonmetals are insulators.
I.
2.
(D)
The halogens (Group VII A) el" Br2' and 12 are examples of diatomic molecules. None of the other choices occur as diatomic molecules.
3.
(B)
An oxide of formula X10 indicates that X has an oxidation state of
+ 1 since oxygen has an oxidation state of -2. The alkali metals (Group IA)
have an oxidation state of +1. The alkali earth metals (Group IIA) usually
have an oxidation state of +2, thus giving an oxide with the formula XO.
The metalloids have varying oxidation states as do the rare earths. The
halogens usually have an oxidation state of -1.
4.
(B)
The sulfate group has an oxidation number of -2. Thus, an oxidation
number of +2 is required to produce an acid salt with the formula XS04
The alkaline earth metals usually have an oxidation number of +2.
5.
(D)
The halogens have the largest electronegativity values since they re:
quire only one electron to completely fill their valence shell. The alkali
metals have the smallest electronegativity values since they can lose one
electron and have a complete valence shell. The alkali earth metals ~so
have small electronegativities since they can lose two ~lectrons to attal~a
~oblegas configuration. The metalloids have intermediate electronegauvtty values.
98
99
en
z
o
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za:
<cw
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><z
W<c
I-
UJ
I-
eLL
~o
-;!
w
o
UJ UJ
oo
>-' u,
>-' u."
u, fu, f-
wwocow
---->-
>
w
l/)
...
.-E
.....
Q) ~
s: en
ow
~
!C(
en
.,.
co
~~
oww606uww~
----------
-"' -
---<0
----.------------------alr:omwOOCCCCIIlW<:(
a:
w
OJ
en
"' "'
==
en
I-LLI-LL
u.~LL.- 1--
Z
<C
---.-------------------WCDOW()OOJowoom
LL.~
--
UJ
.~
< oocomo~
<
Q.
M .j <ri <0
E
~
III:
13
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V)
------"
u.u.
<
~
M
0 0 0
~~
------------------------
>-' ....
OOc(wooww<[c(
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Q.
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-
-'
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"
SAT Chemistry
SAT Chemistry
TEST 1
I ANSWER
KEY
PARTA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
(C)
(D)
(B)
(B)
(D)
(A)
PART
101.
102.
103.
104.
7.
9.
10.
11.
12.
(E)
(C)
(C)
(B)
(D)
(D)
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
(E)
(8)
(C)
(A)
(D)
(A)
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
(E)
(E)
(D)
(B)
(E)
105.
106.
107.
108.
F, T
F, F
T, T
F, F
109. F, T
110.F,T
111. T, F
112. T, T, CE
113.
114.
115.
116.
F, F
T, T, CE
T, T, CE
F, F
36.
37.
3B.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
(E)
(B)
(0)
(E)
(C)
(0)
(B)
(C)
(E)
(0)
(C)
(B)
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68
69.
(D)
(E)
(E)
(C)
(D)
(C)
(C)
(E)
(E)
(A)
B.
T, F
F,F
T, T, CE
F, T
PARTe
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
98
(C)
(D)
(A)
(E)
(D)
(D)
(E)
(E)
(A)
(A)
(A)
(A)
(A)
(B)
(B)
(8)
(E)
(C)
(C)
(8)
(B)
(8)
(E)
(A)
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS
OF ANSWERS
TEST 1
PART A
L
(e)
The metalloids have characteristics of both the metals and the nonmetals. Metals are conductors while nonmetals are insulators.
2. (0)
The halogens (Group VII A) Cl" Br,. and I, are examples of diatomic molecules. None of the other choices occur as diatomic molecules.
3.
(B)
(B)
The sulfate group has an oxidation number of -2. Thus, an oxidation
number of +2 is required to produce an acid salt with the formula XS04
The alkaline earth metals usually have an oxidation number of +2.
5. (0)
. The halogens have the largest electronegativity values since they re:
quire only one electron to completely fill their valence shell. The alkali
metals have the smallest electronegativity values since they can lose one
electron and have a complete valence shell. The alkali earth metals also
have small electronegativities since they can lose two electrons to attai~ a
~oble gas configuration. The metalloids have intennediate alectroneganv-
tty values.
99
r
SA T Chemistry
(Al
The smallest ionization energies are realized when the removal ofone
electron yields a noble gas configuration. Thus, the alkali metals havethe
6.
lowest ionization energies, then the alkali earth metals, metalloids, and
(E)
A buffer is a solution made by the combination
(C)
9.
(C)
=:
[H+][CI-]
[HCI]
10. (B)
The Br0nsted-Lowry notion of an acid-base reaction requires a protontobetranf
d I
.
and a
b
sterre . n this concept an acid must donate a proton
ase must accept one.
11. (D)
NH3 is a weak base because in the reaction
NH,(aq) + H20 <- .....NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq)
h ee
100
f oir is
0
Detailed Explanations
of Answers I Test 1
12. (0)
Cl is also considered to be a weak base. This is so because it is the
conjugatebase of a strong acid.
13. (E)
NaHC03 is a salt. It is a salt of the weak acid H,C03
14. (B)
. NaOH is a strong base because it dissociates completely to give OHIOns.
15. (C)
The oxidation number of Na in NaCI is +1. In all monatomic ions, the
oxidationnumber is that of the charge on that ion.
16. (A)
17. (0)
. The oxidation number of S in Na-S is -2. Because the charge on Na
15 + I and there are two of them in order to create a neutral compound. the
oxidationnumber of S must be ~2.
18. (A)
Solid sulfur is yellow. In addition, it smells like rotten eggs.
19. (E)
Aqueous hydrochloric acid is colorless.
20. (E)
Aqueous sodium hydroxide is colorless as well.
21. (0)
In the reaction given, since there is an excess of oxygen. it is the
amount only of ammonia put in that will determine how m~ch product
there will be. For every 4 moles of ammonia put into the reacuon- 6 moles
of water will be obtained. The first step is to determine how many moles
are in 16.00 grams of ammonia. Dividing J 6.00 by the molecular weight
of ammonia:
101
SAT Chemistry
16.00 g
~ 0.9395 moles NH3
17.03 g/mole
Using cross multiplication, if for every 4 moles of NH3 you get 6 molesof
water:
4 moles ammonia ~0.9395 moles ammonia
6 moles water
x moles water
x :;::1.409 moles of water. To convert this to grams, we multiply by the
molecular weight of water:
1.409 moles H20 X 18.02 glmol ~ 25.39 g H20.
This corresponds to choice (D).
22. (B)
Here you must determine which is the limiting reagent. First yo,u
must convert the masses of both the ammonia and the oxygen to therr
respective number of moles by dividing by the molecular weights.
66.00 g NH,
17.04 g/mole ~ 3.873 moles NH3
54.00 g 0,
32.00 g/rnole ~ 1.688 moles 0,
Oxygen is therefore the limiting reagent.
. For every 5 moles of oxygen put in, you get 6 moles of water OUl.
Usmg cross multiplication:
x ~ 2 025 m I
.:"
0 es water. Convert to grams by multiplying
weight of water:
2.025 moles
by
th
olecul~
em
.......-\
Detailed Explanations
of Answers / Test 1
PARTS
101 T, F
Acid rain is generally considered to be destructive to limestone
(CaCO]) because acid rain contains sulfuric acid (H2S04) or nitric acid
(HNO]).The reaction that occurs is
CaCO, (5) + H2S04 (aq) -> CaSO, (5) + CO, (g) + H20
102. F, F
The correct net ionic equation is
Ca'+ (aq) + 504'"- (aq) -> CaSO, (5).
NaClis soluble in water and does not appear in the final net ionic equation.
103. T, T, CE
K equals the product of the equilibrium concentrations of the ions in
sp
a compound where each concentration is raised to the power of the ion
coefficient.
104. F, T
In a neutral solution, [H+] = 1 x 10-7. This is equivalent to saying that
~solution has a pH of 7. This is not true in an acidic or basic solution. Kw
14.
IS, however, always equal to I x 10--
105.F, T
Strong acids do ionize completely in an aqueous solution, but HF
doesnot ionize completely and is therefore considered a weak acid.
106. F, F
NH + is a weak acid because it doesn't dissociate completely in wa4
ter. NH4+ is the conjugate acid of NH3, a weak base.
107. T, T
Both statements are true but the latter is not a correct explanation of
the former. By the Lewis definition, F- is a base because it can donate an
electronpair.
108. F, F
Because normality depends on the number of transferable protons in
a Species and molarity doesn't, a IN solution of H2S04 is half as concentratedin terms of H2S04 as a 1M solution of H2S04.
103
SA T Chemistry
109. F, T
no. F, T
LikeofO.
any other elementary substance, the CI in
number
]J
el2 has
an oxidation
I. T, F
Water has a high boiling point for its molecular weight due to hydro.
gen bonding. Polar covalent bonding also occurs in methane (CH ) which
has a boiling point of -1620C.
4
112. T, T, CE
Benzene is a poor electrolyte because it does not ionize in water
solution.
113. F, F
The reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid goes to completion because the hYdrogen gas which is evolved is allowed to escape. This is in
effect removing one of the reaction products causing the equilibrium to
shift towards completion of the reaction.
114. T, T, CE
Atoms of the same element form Covalent bonds because their electronegativity values are the same. Bonds formed between elements whose
electronegativities differ from 0.5 to 1.7 form polar covalent bonds. Differences greater than 1.7 in element electronegativities result in ionic
bonds.
115. T, T, CE
Most metals characteristics SUch as malleability, flexibility, strength,
and electrical conductivity are characteristic of the positive atomic nuclei
surrounded by mobile electrons.
116. F, F
acid is a weak acid because it is only Partially dissociated in a
water Acetic
SOlution.
104
Detailed Explanations
of Answers / Test 1
PARTe
24. (C)
SA T Chemistry
28 (0)
One mole of NaCI weighs 58.5 g as obtained by: the atomic weightof
Na plus the atomic weight of CI from the periodic table. Thus, 58.5 g of
NaCI in one liter of solution is 1 molar and 58.5 g of NaCI in one kilogram
of solvent is I molal. By simple proportions, 58.5 g of NaCI in 2 kilograms of solvent is 0.5 molal.
29. (0)
Molecules in the gaseous state have the greatest kinetic energy. The
difference in energy between the liquid and gas phases is greater than the
difference in energy between the solid and liquid phases. This may be readily
seen by the energy changes occurring in water; the heat of fusion of wateris
80 calories/gram, while the heat of vaporization is 540 calories/gram.
30. (E)
Cr(NH)sS04Br represents 27 atoms.
15 x H; I x S; 4 x 0; and I x BI.
3l. (El
. The element of atomic weight 197 is gold (Au-atomic number 79).
Since the atomic weight is equal to the number of protons and neutrons m
the nucleus and the atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the
nucleus, the number of neutrons in the nucleus is 197 _ 79 or 118.
32. (A)
Diamond, composed solely of carbon cannot have ionic bonds or
hydrogen bonds. Van der Waals attraction between the nucleus of one
atom and the electrons of an adjacent atom are relatively weak cornpar~d
t~ the covalent bonding network (sp3 hybrid) between the carbon atoms In
dIamond. On the other hand, graphite (another allotropic form of carbon)
IS sp2 hybrid and not strongly bonded as compared to diamond.
33. (A)
. Atomic radius decreases as one goes from left to right across a p~n~d,. so the atomic radius of carbon is greater than that of oxygen. ThiS
ehmmates choices (B) and (D). Now we must determine whether the CO,
molecule is linear Or bent. Linearity means the O-C-O bond angle is 180.
Recall that the nu I' f
erience
c er 0 a molecule anent themselves so as to exp
.
the smallest repUlsions of the positive nuclei. Thus a triatomic molecule IS
expected to he Ii
. C
. .
The lone
.
near as IS 02' However this IS not always true.
electron pairs 0"
that the
n oxygen III a water molecule bend the molecule so
106
a
Detailed Explanations of Answers / Test 1
hydrogen nuclei and the two electron pairs occupy the comers of a tetrahedron. Thus, the water molecule is bent. The same effect occurs in ammonia, NH3, where a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen distorts the expected
trigonal planar geometry. Shape of a CO2 molecule is
:0=
C =0:
~180)
34. (Al
All three phases (solid, liquid and gas) may coexist at a single pressure/temperature combination known as the triple point. This point occurs
at the intersection of the solid-liquid, solid-gas and liquid-gas equilibrium
Curves as illustrated by point C.
35. (A)
Examining a labeled phase diagram we see that the solid phase can
Pressure
solid
liquid
G
D
C
gas
Temperature
36. (El
The critical point is the point above which a gas cannot change mto a
liquid. This means that a liquid cannot exist above this poi~t~ but a~ an.d
below this point a liquid can exist. The temperature at the cntl~~l point IS
called the critical temperature and the pressure is called the c.f1tIcalp,resSure,The critical point in the phase diagram shown is the pomt H, smce
above it a gas cannot be liquefied.
107
SA T Chemistry
37. (B)
Referring to the phase diagram previously given we see that the solid
and liquid phases coexist on the line upon which point D is located.
38. (0)
An electrolyte is a substance which, when melted or dissolved in a
suitable medium, conducts electricity. Therefore (D), a solution of sodium
chloride dissolved in water, is electrolytic since the sodium and chloride
ions are free to move. Neither (A) mercury in water, (B) a benzene solution of ethanol, nor (C) sucrose in water, are electrolytic.
39. (E)
The oxidation state of sulfur in sodium bisulfate may be determined
by recalling that the oxidation states of sodium, hydrogen, and oxygen are
usually + 1, + I, and -2, respectively. Since the sum of the oxidation stales
for the atoms of a neutral compound are zero we have:
oxidation state of S + 1 + 1 + 4(-2) = 0; therefore
oxidation state of S :;::+6
So, the oxidation state of sulfur in NaHS04
40.
is +6.
(el
41. (0)
This is an exam p If
e 0 a neutralization reaction where an acid and a
base ~eac~to produce water and a salt. It must be known that barium has
an oxidation number of +2 and that perchloric acid is HCI04.
2HCI04 + Ba(OH)2 --'> 2H,O + Ba(CI04),
108
42. (B)
An endothermic reaction is one in which heat may be considered one
ofthe "reactants." An exothermic reaction releases heat upon formation of
the products. An equilibrium reaction may be either exothermic or endothermic.The same holds true for spontaneity; spontaneity can only be
determinedif one also knows the entropy change (~) for the reaction.
43 (e)
The transition metals have highest energy electrons in d subshells
(3d, 4d, and 5d). Lanthanides and actinides are characterized by highest
energyelectrons in the 4jand 5jsubshells, respectively.
44. (E)
Neutral fluorine atoms have 9 electrons as determined by their atomic
number. Magnesium atoms have 12 electrons so Mg3+ has 9 electrons.
Boronhas 5 electrons so B3- has 8 electrons (the same as oxygen). Nitrogenhas 7 electrons so N+ has 6 electrons (the same as carbon). Neon has
10electrons so Ne- has 11 electrons (the same as sodium). Sodium has] 1
electronsso Na- has 12 electrons (the same as magnesium).
45. (0)
109
..
SA T Chemistry
46. (e)
An acid H3X is classified as triprotic since it may "give up" three
protons to a base. An example of a triprotic acid is phosphoric acid,
H3P04 Examples of monoprotic and diprotic acids are hydrochloric, Hel
and sulfuric, H2S04, respectively. The term bidentate, rather than referring
to acids, is associated with ligands. Bidentate ligands have two atoms that
may coordinate to a metal ion.
47. (B)
The salts of strong bases and weak acids hydrolyze to form a basic
solution while the salts of weak bases and strong acids hydrolyze to form
an acidic solution.
is insoluble and
48. (A)
The reaction of the Haber process is:
ammon,. (Note Ch
hi h'
.
ange III pressun
w IC a zas or gas
110
0
es are reactants or
L,
mo~
lbrium III
....
Detailed Explanations of Answers I Test 1
49. (B)
The ionization energy is defined as the energy required to remove the
most loosely bound electron from an element in the gaseous state. The
energy released by an element in forming an ionic solid with another
element is the lattice energy of that ionic compound. The electronegativity
of an element gives the relative strength with which the atoms of that
element attract valence electrons.
50. (B)
Plutonium-238 has a mass of 238 and an atomic number of 94. The
atomic mass tells us the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
while the atomic number tells us the number of protons. An alpha particle
(a) is a helium nucleus j: He composed of 2 neutrons and 2 protons
(atomic mass of 4). Hence, upon emitting an alpha particle, the atomic
number decreases by 2 and the atomic mass decreases by 4. This gives us
2~~
X. Examining the periodic table we find that element 92 is uranium.
Thus~our new atom is 2j: U. 2j: Pu and 2j: em are impossible since the
atomic number of plutonium is 94 and that of curium is 96. 2~PU and
2~~Cmare impossible since these nuclei could only be produced by fusion
of 2lPu with an alpha particle. In addition, ~~ Pu is incorrectly named.
The reaction (decay) is 238Pu~
234U~
4He
94
92
2
51. (B)
First we determine the number of moles present in solution taking the
molecular weight of ethylene glycol to be 62 g. Thus,
6.20 g x = 0.1 mole of ethylene glycol
We must also know the molality-the
I L
since the density of water is I g/rnL. The molality of the solution is
Q.I mole
0.2 kg
For Ii 0
= 0.5 molal.
. 1.86 'CimolaI.
IS
111
SAT Chemistry
0.5 molal
o 'C
- 0.93
-c ~ -0. 93 "C
52. (E)
A 100 g sample of this gas contains 25.9 g of nitrogen and 74.1.g of
N102.5
53. (C)
16 g ~3.2 g
22.4L
54. (C)
Th ere Iations hirp M1 VI = M V in neutralization
2 2
. volving'
problems III
55. (B)
A 1M
f sulrate
I of
IOn per .hter of solution. Thus 0.2 L of aIM solution contains 0.2 mo e te
sulfate IOn 02 L f 2'
.
Ie ofsu l ar
.
'.
0 a
M solutIOn would then con tam 0.4 roo
Ion.
.
112
56. (B)
The atomic weight of lead is 207.2 g/mole from the periodic table.
The number of moles present in 103.6 g of lead is given by
103.6 g x
1 mole
207.2 g
= 0.5 mole
Since lead is in the +2 oxidation state, two moles of electrons are required
for every mole of lead to reduce it to the metals. However only one mole
of electrons is required to reduce 0.5 mole of Pb2+ to Pb".
57. (B)
Copper is being reduced from Cu2+ to the metal according to
Cu2+ + 2e-
---7
Cu
1F
=0.22 F
96,500 coulombs
58. (E)
. The hydrogen
WIth
electrode
113
a
SA T Chemistry
59. (A)
61. (E)
. An sp3cfl configuration is represented by the square planar orientatron, which looks like the following. Note: two hybridizal pairs of electrons are unbounded.
--~
"
"
"
62. (E)
----7
2Hz + 02 yields
63. (e)
Balancing the reaction equation gives
114
64. (0)
The molecular weight of a compound is the sum of its constituents'
atomic weights. Elements or groups followed by a subscript have their
atomic weight multiplied by that subscript. Thus, the molecular weight of
perchloricacid (HCI04) is
atomic weight of H + atomic weight of Cl
+ 4 x atomic weight of 0
or
65. (C)
The first member of the alkyne series is acetylene (or ethyne), whose
structure is
HC"CH
Thesecond is propyne:
HC" C - CH3
Thethird is butyne:
Note that there are no analogous compounds in the alkene or alkyne series
forthe first member of the alkane series (methane - CH4)
66. (C)
Alcohols are named by replacing the -e of the corresponding hydrocarbon name by the suffix -ol. The position of the hydroxy substituent IS
numbered from the shorter end of the chain. Thus, the structure is named
3-hexanol. It is a hexanol because the parent hydrocarbon has six carbons
and the prefix 3- (not 1-) is used to indicate the location of the hydroxy
group on the third carbon.
67. (E)
The metals are found on the left side of the periodic table, with
~etallic character increasing as one goes down a group. All the choices
given are in Group IA, so the one farthest down in the group has the
greatest metallic character. This is francium (Fr).
68. (E)
The oxidation states of the element comprising a neutral compound ~ust
~avea sum of zero. Thus, nitrogen in HN03 has an oxidation sta~eof +5, since
rdrogen and oxygen have oxidation states of +1 and -2, respectively.
i.e.,
n=5
115
SA T Chemistry
69. (A)
A mole is defined to be 6.02 x 1023 atoms, molecules, ions, particles,
etc. Thus, 1.5 x 1023 atoms represents 0.25 mole. Recalling that the molar
volume of any ideal gas at STP is 22.4 liters, we may calculate the volume
of 1.5 x 1023 atoms to be
116
---.--PRACTICE
TEST 2
SAT Chemistry
Practice Test 1
(Answer sheets appear in the back of this book.)
PART A
TIME:
1 Hour
85 Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each set of questions below consists of five lettered
choices followed by a list of numbered statements
Vote: For all questions involving solutions, assume that the solvent is
water unless otherwise
noted.
(D) Halogens
(C) Metalloids
l.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
values
83
SAT Chemistry
Practice Test 1
(Answer sheets appear in the back of this book.)
PART A
TIME:
1 Hour
85 Questions
DIRECTIONS: Each set of questions below consists of five lettered
choices followed by a list of numbered statements or questions. For each
statement or question, select the answer choice that is most closely
related to it. Each answer choice may be used once, mere than once, or
not at all.
Note: For all questions involving solutions, assume that the solvent is
(D) Halogens
(E) Rare earths
Metalloids
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
83
SA T Chemistry
(E)
A buffer
7.
8.
9,
(E) A salt
12, CI-
13. NaHC03
14, NaOH
Questions 15-17
f
'
re er to the followmg values.
(A) 0
(D) -2
(8) -t
(E) +2
(C) +\
15 The idan
.
ox! ation number of Na in NaCl
84
Test 1
(D) White
(B) Purple
(E) Colorless
(C) Green
18. S(s)
19. HCI(aq)
20. NaOH(aq)
Questions 21-23 refer to the following reaction and the given values.
4NH,(g) + 502(g) -> 4NO(g) + 6H,O(g)
(A) 2.294
(D)
25.3
(B) 36.49
(E) 2.513
(C) 1.409
21. If you begin with 16.00 grams of ammonia, and an excess of oxygen,
how many grams of water will be obtained?
22. If you begin with 66.00 grams of ammonia, and 54.00 grams of
oxygen, how many grams of water will be obtained?
23. How many moles of NH, are needed to produce 2.513 moles of NO?
85
SA T Chemistry
PARTS
DIRECTIONS: Each question below consists of two statements. Determine if Statement I is true or false.a.r::K!.jf Statement II is true or false an?
fill in the corresponding ovals on your answer sheet. Fill in oval CE If
Statement II is a correct explanation of the true Statement I.
(I)
(II)
because
because
86
because
because
Kw = [OH-j (W]
= 1 X 10-14
because
because
it is the conjugate
acid of a strong base.
because
it can accept
protons.
L
Test 1
because
108.A 1 N solution of
units of concentration
and refer to the
same thing.
as a 1M solution
ofH2S04
because
because
it contains OH-
as a common Ion.
number of Cl in Ch
Cl is missing one
electron to fill its
shell.
is +1
111. Water has a high boiling
normality and
because
of polar covalent
bonding.
weight
111. ~enzene is a poor electrolyte
In
because
because
hydrogen gas is
water solution
not evolved.
container
because
because
because
it ionizes completely
in water solution.
IS
a strong acid
87
SA T Chemistry
PARTe
DIRECTIONS: For each question
In
se Iec t the
. best answer
the
.
'. this section,
.
from
among
the
given
choices
and
fill
in
the
corresponding
oval
on
answer sheet.
(B) a nonmetal
(C) a metalloid
:N:N:
(D)
:N:::N:
(E)
N::: N
(B) :N::N
(C)
'N:: N
88
a neUlron
Test 1
represents
(A) 4 atoms
(D) 23 atoms
(B) 8 atoms
(E)
27 atoms
(C) 12 atoms
31. How many neutrons are there in the nucleus of an element of atomic
weight 197?
(A) 43
(D) 100
(B) 79
(E)
118
(C) 83
32
b exe
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SA T Chemistry
33. Which
.. of the followmg best represents the geome tr y a nd atomic radii
(B) 0-0-0
(C)
/,,-
(D)
o
/,,o
(E) 0-0--0
H
D
Pressure
Temperature
(E)
(C) E
(B) B
(E) F
(C) C
36.
Which
(A) B
(D) G
(B) E
(E) H
(C) F
90
Test 1
37. At which point can only the solid and liquid phases coexist?
(D) A
(A) C
(E) B
(B) D
(C) E
(D) +4.
(B) +2.
(E) +6.
(C) -2.
40. A small crystal of NaCl is added to a sodium chloride solution resul~ing in the precipitation of more than I gram of sodium chloride. This
solution had been
(A)
unsaturated
(B) saturated
(D) dilute
(E) concentrated
(C) supersaturated
41, The salt produced by the reaction of perchloric acid with barium
hydroxide is
(A) BaCIa,
(D) Ba(CIO.),
(B) BaCia.
(E) BaCl2
(C) Ba(OH)2
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SA T Chemistry
42. A reaction that occurs only when heat is added is best described as
(A) exothermic
(D) spontaneous
(B) endothermic
(E)
non-spontaneous
(D) Na-
(B) N+
(E) Mg3+
(C) Ne-
(D) remOVing the products from the reaction mixture as they are
formed
(E) decreasing the reactant concentration
46. An acid H3X is classified as
(A) monoprotic
(B) diprotic
(C) triprotic
92
(D) bidentate
(E) polar covalent
Test 1
47. Which of the following salts will result in a basic solution when
dissolvedin water?
(A) Ba(NO,),
(D) Pb,(P04)2
(B) Na,S
(E) NaCl
(e)
Al,(S04h
48. TheHaber process is used for producing ammonia from nitrogen and
hydrogen. This reaction could be forced to produce more ammonia
by
so.
234pU
(D) 242pU
96
(B)
234U
(E)
92
92
242Cm
96
(C) 234Cm
92
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SA T Chemistry
5].
What is the approximate melting point of 0.2 liters of water containing 6.20 g of ethylene glycol (C,H,O,)?
(A) -186"C
(D) 0.93"C
(B) -D.93 -c
(E) 1.86"C
(C)
52.
a -c
(D) N,04
(E) N,O,
53. weighs
The molecular weight of a gas is 16. At STP, 4.48 liters of this gas
(A)
2.3 g
(B) 2.7 g
(C) 3.2 g
(D) 4.1g
(E) 4.9 g
54. tralize
How many
milliliters of 5 M NaOH are required to completely neu2 liters of 3 M Hel?
(A)
600 mL
(B)
900 ml,
(C) 1,200 mL
(D)
1,500 mL
(E)
1,800 mL
55. SOlution?
How many moles of SUlfateion are in 200 mL of a 2 M sodium sulfate
(A)
0.2 mole
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Test 1
56. How many moles of electrons are required to reduce 103.6 g of lead
fromPb2+ to the metal?
(A) 0.5 mole
(D) 4 moles
(B) I mole
(E) 8 moles
(C) 2 moles
57. How many grams of copper will be deposited from a solution of
CUS04 by a current of 3 amperes in 2 hours?
(A) 5 g
(D) 11 g
(B) 7 g
(E) 15g
(C) 8 g
(A)
gold
(D)
(B)
platinum
(E) hydrogen
(C) copper
(A)
Zn
(D)
(B)
Cr
(E) 3e-
(C) Z02+
60 A
.
.?
(A) tetrahedral
(B) planar
(E) square
(C) linear
95
SAT Chemistry
3 2
trigonal planar
(C) linear
(B)
I : I:!
(B)
2: 1: I
(C)
I :2: I
(D)
of water into
2:1:2
(E) 2:2:1
process below?
H,O(g)
--?
(A)
3 liters
(8)
5 liters
H,(g)
+ O,(g)
(C) 10 liters
64.
(D)
14 liters
(E)
16 liters
(D)
100.5 g/rnol
(E)
116.5 g/mo!
73.5 g/mo]
96
Test 1
OH
H-C-C-C-C-C-C-H
(A) hexanol
(D) l-hexanol
(B) 3-hydroxyhexane
(E) isohexanol
(C) 3-hexanol
67. Which of the elements in Group IA of the periodic table has the
(D) Rh
(B) Na
(E) Fr
(C) K
(D) +4
(B) +2
(E) +5
(C) +3
69. What volume does a sample of 1.50 x 1023 atoms of helium at STP
represent?
(A) 5.6 liters
(E)
1.5 liters
(C) 17.8liters
97