A VTU

UG Program BE Project
Report Format

Prepared by

Prof.B.B.S.Kumar
Research Scholar, Assistant Professor,
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
RajaRajeswari College of Engineering,
#14, Ramohalli Cross, Mysore Road, Kumbalagodu,
Bengaluru-560074, Karnataka State, India.
Email : bbskumarindia@gmail.com

2014

VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangama, Belgaum 590014

A PROJECT REPORT
ON

ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FOR

QUADRIPLEGIA
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE
AWARD OF DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Submitted by

B.MANJUNATHA

MANISH KISHORE JAGGI

USN: 1RR08EC004

USN: 1RR08EC012

VISHNU.C.S

VISHNU R.PILLAI

USN: 1RR08EC034

USN: 1RR08EC035
Under the guidance of
Mr. B.B.S.KUMAR
Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

RAJARAJESWARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

BENGALURU-560074
2011-2012

RAJARAJESWARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

[ISO Certified 9000:2008, Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi]

#14, Ramohalli Cross, Mysore Road, Kumbalagodu, Bengaluru-74

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the project work entitled ADVANCED COMMUNICATION
FOR QUADRIPLEGIA is a bonafide work carried out by B. Manjunatha ,
with USN: 1RR08EC004, Manish Kishore Jaggi, with USN: 1RR08EC012,
Vishnu.C.S, with USN: 1RR08EC034 and Vishnu.R.Pillai, with USN:
1RR08EC035, in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering
in Electronics and Communication Engineering of the Visvesvaraya
Technological University, Belgaum, during the year 2011 - 12. It is certified that
all corrections/suggestions indicated for internal assessment have been
incorporated in the report deposited in the departmental library. The project
report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of
project work prescribed for the said degree.

Signature of the Guide

Mr. B B S Kumar

Signature of the HOD

Prof. L N Das

Signature of the Principal

Dr. M S Bhagyashekar

External Viva
Name of the Examiners:
1.
2.

Signature with Date:

DECLARATION
We,

B.MANJUNATHA

(1RR08EC004),

MANISH KISHORE JAGGI

(1RR08EC012), VISHNU.C.S (1RR08EC034), VISHNU.R.PILLAI (1RR08EC035)

students of 8th semester BE in Electronics and Communication Engineering, RajaRajeswari
College of Engineering, Bangalore, hereby declare that the project work entitled ADVANCED
COMMUNICATION

FOR

QUADRIPLEGIA

submitted

to

the

Visvesvaraya

Technological University during the academic year 2011-12, is a record of an original work
done by us under the guidance of Mr. B.B.S.KUMAR, Assistant Professor, Department of
Electronics & Communication Engineering, RajaRajeswari College of Engineering, Bengaluru.
This project work is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the
degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics & Communication Engineering. The results
embodied in this thesis have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award
of any degree.

Date:
Place: Bengaluru

B.Manjunatha
Manish Kishore Jaggi
Vishnu.C.S
Vishnu.R.Pillai

I would like to dedicate this

Project

To my

Beloved Parents

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Thanksgiving to those who directly and indirectly helped to complete the project work
Ex:

Chairman
Principal
HOD
Guide
Co-guide
Project Co-ordinator
Teaching Staff and Non Teaching Staff
Industries/R&D Centres/Organisation
Friends
Family members

B.Manjunatha
Manish Kishore Jaggi
Vishnu.C.S
Vishnu.R.Pillai

ABSTRACT

Past & Present trends techniques related to project work few lines
Project title
Scope of project
Implemented on Simulation/Embedded/Hardware ex: MATLAB/C++/VB
Methodology
Testings,
Experimental results analysis brief
Throughput
Achievements
Merits

Contents
Page no.s
Front Page
Certificate
Declaration
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Flowcharts
List of Acronyms

Chapters

Titles

Chapter 1:

INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2:

LITERATURE SURVEY

Chapter 3:

IMAGE PROCESSING

Chapter 4:

EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Chapter 5:

HARDWARE/SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

Chapter 6:

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Chapter 7:

ALGORITHMS FOR PROJECT DESIGN

Chapter 8:

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Chapter 9:

CONCLUSION
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
REFERENCES
PUBLICATION DURING TENURE IN UG PROGRAM

Page no.s

LIST OF FIGURES
Page no.s
Fig.1.1 : DWT
Fig.1.2 : DCT

LIST OF TABLES
Page no.s
Table 1.1 : DWT
Table 1.2 : DCT

LIST OF FLOWCHARTS
Page no.s
Flowchart 1.1 : DWT
Flowchart 1.2 : DCT

LIST OF EQUATIONS
Page no.s
Equ. 1.1 : DWT
Equ. 1.2 : DCT

LIST OF ACRONYMS
DWT : Discrete Wavelet Transform
DCT : Discrete Cosine Transform

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 1(font size 16)

INTORDUCTION(font size 18)

Give few lines introduction with respective to project related present trends
techniques. (Font size 12) (Line spacing 1.5) (Paragraph gap 12 point) (Single tap
at every paragraph begins)

Objective of Project, Scope

Brief explanation of project.

1.1

Any Industrial/R&D Centre/Organization Visit

(Section font size 16)
Mention few lines.

Fig.1.1: Prof.B.B.S.Kumar

Table 1.1: Publications

Sl.No.
Publications
Journals
10
Conference
22

1.2 Area of field and domain explanation (in brief )

1.2.1 Image Processing (Sub Section-font size 14)

1.3 Structure of Report

Chapter 1:
Chapter 2:
Chapter 3:
.............
.............

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 1

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 2

LITERATURE SURVEY
Give introduction regarding literature survey- Why we need of ?......... few lines

2.1 Base Papers

The order of paper references

o Authors Name
o Title of paper
o Publication(ex : ieee, eslevier....)/Organisation/R&D Centres
o ISSN or ISBN
o Vol No.
o Issue No.
o pp. No.(ex:1-23, 234-240)
o Year of Publication

Write on total 05 paper publication of journals in descending order of year, ex:2014,

2013, 2012, 2011.......................with base paper coming first, mention specifically

Give brief explanation about paper description.

2.2 Motivation
Regarding- how you motivated to do the project.

2.3 Need(Scope) of project

2.4 Previous Existing System
With Demerits brief explanation.
Results & Discussion in brief
Methods
Utility Tools used for implementation

2.5 Proposed System

Explain in brief regarding proposed system comparing with previous work.

2.5.1 Define problem description/definition/statement

2.5.2 Methodology
2.5.3 Project limitation
2.5.4 Merits & Applications of proposed system
2.5.5 Tools used-explain in brief

Note: This chapter can be added in the first chapter or can make
separate chapter.
Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 2

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 3

Area of Domain
Ex: IMAGE PROCESSING
Explanation with

Diagrams

Relevant equations

Merits

Application

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 3

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 4

Area of Domain
Ex: EMBEDDED
/SIMULATION/SOFTWARE/MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(related to project implementation)
MATHEMATICAL PROOFS (if any)
Explanation with

Diagrams & Specifications

Relevant equations

Merits

Application

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 4

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 5

HARDWARE/SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
With respective to area of research work/ project

Diagrams/Specification/Configuration

Relevant equations

Coding Techniques/Utility tools used

Merits

Application

Related to project implementation

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 5

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 6

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Explanation of working principle of project design

Block Diagrams

Relevant equations/Mathematical

Merits

Application related to project

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 6

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 7

ALGORITHMS FOR PROJECT DESIGN

7.1 Algorithms of Image Processing
Flowchart : Image Processing
7.2 Algorithms (If any)
Flowchart : (If any)
7.3 Execution of project path link (software/hardware)

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 7

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 8

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS & DISCUSSION

Input Specification (if any diagrams and tables)

Output Specification (if any diagrams and tables)
If hardware/embedded, add snapshots/photo of project model
Mathematical Analysis
Brief explanation of input/output
Results discussion
Throughput
Achievements
Comparisonsif any(bar charts and graphical characteristics representation)

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 8

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

Chapter 9

CONCLUSION
Concluding with

Scope and Results analysis

Throughput

Methodology

Comparing with previous analysis

Project work achievements

9.1 Future Enhancement

Related to project work further what can be modified with present trends

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 9

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

APPENDIX A
If any specification related to project work, not mentioned in main report

ICs pin configuration......if any

Equations.....if any
Block diagrams.....if any

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 10

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

APPENDIX B
If any specification related to project work, not mentioned in main report

Software Description----if any

Hardware Description---if any

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 11

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

REFERENCES
More than 20+ should be given as references.

In a descending order, publication year wise Ex: 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010,
2009...................etc.,
Order of references : paper publication, text books, websites
Format : IEEE
References citation should be mention in the main report text, whichever publication
papers/text books/ websites is discussing/explaining related to topics.
ex:[1], [2], [3]..

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 12

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

PUBLICATION DURING TENURE IN UG PROGRAM

Example
1. B.B.S. Kumar & Dr. P. S. Satyanarayana, Compression and Denoising - Comparative
Analysis from still Images using Wavelet Techniques, International Conference on
Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology (ICRTET-2013), ITSI, Bangalore, India
24th March 2013, ISBN : 978-93-81693-88-18.

Compression and Denoising - Comparative Analysis

from still Images using Wavelet Techniques
B. B. S. Kumar1 and Dr.P. S. Satyanarayana2
Dept. of ECE, Rajarajeswari College of Engineering, Bangalore.
2
Dept. Of ECE, Cambridge Institute of Technology, Bangalore.
E-mail : bbskumarindia@yahoo.com1, pssvittala@gmail.com2

Abstract With the growth of the multimedia technology over the past decades, the demand
for digital information has increased dramatically. This enormous demand poses difficulties
for the current technology to handle. One approach to overcome this problem is to compress
the information by removing the redundancies present in it. This is the lossy compression
scheme that is often used to compress information such as digital images. The main objective
is to investigate the still image format compression and de-noising using different wavelet
techniques.
The Compression and Denoising Comparative Analysis from still Images using Wavelet
Techniques is implemented in software using MATLAB2012a version Wavelet Toolbox
and 2-D DWT technique. The purpose is to analyze still images using different wavelets
families such as Haar, Daubechies, Coiflets, Symlets, Discrete Meyer, Biorthogonal and
Reverse Biorthogonal. The experiments and simulation is carried out on still image .jpg
formats.
This work tries to introduce wavelets and then some of its applications and technique in
image processing. The scope of the work involves Compression and de-noising, image
clarity and comparing the results of wavelet families, to find the effect of the decomposition
and threshold levels and to find out energy retained (image recovery) and lost, knowing the
best wavelet and so on. The wavelet differs from each other in image clarity and energy
retaining. Each method is compared and classified in terms of its efficiency at different
decomposition and threshold levels. Therefore, the image recovery is good and clarity, but
the percentage of compression and retaining the energy is different. In order to quantify the
performance of the de-noising, a noise is added to the still image and given as input to the de-

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 13

Advanced Communication for Quadriplegia

noising algorithm, which produces an image close to the original image.
Keywords: Joint Production Experts Group (.jpg), Two Dimensional Discrete Wavelet
Transform(2-D DWT)

Attachment of National/International Conference(if any technical presentations)

certificate photocopy

Attachment of any awards received certificate photocopy

Dept. of ECE, RRCE, Bengaluru

2013-14

Page 14