A Nobel Approach On Educational Data Mining

ISSN(Online): 2395-xxxx
International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer

and Electronics Engineering
Vol. 1, Issue 4, April 2015
A Nobel Approach On Educational Data Mining

Daljit Kaur1 and Harjot Kaur2
Lecturer, Dept. Of computer science,
Sant Baba Bhag Singh Post Graduate College, Jalandhar, Punjab, India1
Lecturer, Dept. Of computer science,
Sant Baba Bhag Singh Institute of engineering and technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India2
Abstract: Now a day in the area of information technology, information plays a very important role. We gather data
from different data sources store it and process it to generate some meaningful information which help us in decision
making. With the immense use of computer and electronic devices there is explosive growth in data collection. With
the immense growth of data we store data in data warehouse, which help us to enhance business intelligence, data
quality. So to analyze this vast amount of data which help us to draw some meaningful decisions we use a special tool
called data mining. In this paper we review data mining and its application in field of education. It is an emerging
discipline developing method and using those methods for better understanding students.
KEYWORDS: Educational Data Mining, Data Mining, Modern application of data mining
i.
Introduction
Data mining is process of analyzing data and summarizing it into meaningful information. Data mining help end
user to extract useful information from large databases [1].Data mining techniques are used continuously on software
and hardware platforms to increase the value of existing information resources. Data mining tools help in predict
future trends which help organization to make knowledge driven decisions. Data mining popularly known as
knowledge discovery in database, it is the nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown and potentially useful
information from data in databases [3, 5].
Data mining techniques are basically outcome of long process of research. The evolution began when business data
is first stored on the computer. As data become huge data mining techniques are used for knowledge discovery. There
are many data mining tools that are used analyze massive amount of data. Commonly used data mining tools for
creating data mining solutions are data mining wizard, model viewer, prediction query builder etc.
ii.
Educational Data Mining
Educational data mining is research area which utilizes data mining techniques and research approaches for
understanding how student learns [2].EDM increase the understanding of learning by finding educational trends
which improve Students performance, selection regarding course, training. According to HAN and Kamber [4] Data
mining software should be developed in such a manner that it allow the user to analyze data from different
perspective, enable to categorize it and summarize the derived results.EDM can be used to evaluate student methods,
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processes and roles helping us understand the strategies that learners develop as they participate in constructionist
learning activities [6].EDM help us in analysis and visualization of data and help to highlight useful information.
EDM uses computational approaches to analyze educational data. Educational data mining focuses on developing
new tools and algorithms for discovering data patterns .Various techniques like statistics, machine learning, neural
network etc. are applied during data mining process. Data collected from online learning systems can be aggregated
over large number of students and can contain many variables that data mining algorithm can explore for model
building. New EDM applications will focus on allowing non-technical uses use and engage in data mining tools and
activities ,making data collection and processing more accessible for all users of EDM [16]
iii.
Objective of Educational data mining
A. Educational Research
It convert raw data coming from various educational systems or institutions into useful information which help us in
doing research in field of education.
B. Effective learning
EDM help us doing research in educational field, which lay down groundwork for more effective learning [7]. With
the help of data mining techniques a result evaluation system can be developed which can help teacher and students
to know weak points of the traditional classroom teaching model and it will help them to face rapidly developing reallife environment and adapt the current teaching realities [8].
C.
Prediction
EDM techniques help us in predicting values or variables which help us in decision making. Now a days educational
organizations are getting strong competition from other academic competitors[8].To have an edge over other
organizations, needs deep and enough knowledge for better assessment, evaluation ,planning and decision making[8].
D. Providing Feedback
AS EDM include huge amount of data related to educational institute, by analyzing that data we are able to provide
feedback to teacher /administrator which help them to improve student performance.
iv.
Techniques of Data Mining
A. Summarization
It is mainly generalization of data. It provides more compact representation of data set, including visualization and
report generation [9].Simple summarization method such as tabulating the mean and standard deviation are often
applied for data analysis, data visualization and automated report generation [11].
B. Cluster analysis
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This approach is very popular in machine learning, pattern recognition, information retrieval and biometrics. The
main task of clustering is to make groups of similar objects called clusters. The clustering technique defines the
classes and put the similar objects into one class they belong. For example we make classes of students who like
music and sports after doing analysis students like music put in class music and who like sports put in class music and
make clusters. The objects are clustered based on principle of maximizing the intra class similarity and minimizing
inter class similarity [9].
C. Classification and prediction
Classification is used to classify each item in data set of data into one of predefined set of classes or groups. To make
classification it use various mathematical techniques such as decision tree, neural networks etc. For example we can
apply classification in educational institute to know students who always get marks above 80%, above 70 %, above
60% and student who get marks below 60 % are fall in class of poor of students. This classification helps us to know
students who are poor in studies and necessary steps are taken to improve their performance. The prediction of
students performance with high accuracy is more beneficial for identifying low academic performance of the
students at the beginning [10].
D. Decision Tree
Decision Tree is one of the most easy to learn technique of data mining. The root of decision tree is simply the
question that has multiple answers. Decision tree help us in decision making. Another use of decision tree is a
descriptive mean for calculating conditional probabilities [9].For example a decision tree is shown below to analyze
the admission criteria for institute.
Admission Criteria
Entrance test qualify
+2 marks<50%
Marks>50%
No admission
Management seats
Admission
granted
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+2 marks <60%
No
admission
+2 mark>60%
Admission
granted

FIG.1 Decision tree based on admission criteria [9].

E. Association
Association mining helps us to discover pattern based on the relationship between them. Association mining
technique is mainly used in market basket analysis to identify set of item that sell together. For example in a
supermarket on analyzing data we find out that if bread sells than eggs also sell, is association rule mining. It helps us
in discovering pair of items that sell together.
v.
Data Mining Techniques in Education
We apply data mining techniques in education for knowledge discovery. Knowledge driven data help us in decision
making. It helps us to learn educational trends. It focuses on how data mining is used for improving students success
and processes directly related to students learning [12].Goals of educational data mining is improvement in student
models , it represent information about student behavior, their knowledge etc. EDM method have enable researcher to
model broader range of potentially relevant student attribute in real time ,including higher level constructs than were
previously possible[13].Second goal of EDM is domain knowledge structure which characterize the content to be
learned. Third goal of EDM is pedagogical approach [13]; it is a process which is used to find educational data to
help creating personalized recommendations [14].To accomplish these goals the following EDM techniques are used.
A. Statistics:
This technique is used in EDM for collection and analysis of large set of data. we use this large set of data to make
predictions and to make decisions. The module of statistical analysis is responsible for extraction and processing of
data in database, providing graphical interface to realize the real time statistical analysis of online learning behavior
[19].
B. Visualization:
Another good way of analyzing the data is through visualization. In visualization we graphically represent the data.
Data shown graphically is easy to learn and analyze. For example: we use graphical representation to show students
current performance comparison with his previous years performance and learn easily performance increased or
decreased. These techniques are also helpful for instructor which can manipulate the graphical representations
generated and get the understanding and interest of their learners [10].
C. Web mining
Web mining is data mining technique which is used to discover information from web pages or documents.
Information that is discovered by web mining is web graph, web activity an web content etc.web mining is mainly a
four step work i.e. collection of data from web, extracting useful data, analyzing that data and last is producing some
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meaningful information from that data. Information collected using web mining is used to gain knowledge based on
findings and analysis.
D. Text Mining
Text mining is way to make qualitative data usable by computer. Qualitative data is descriptive data that we are
unable to measure in numbers. Information can be extracted to drive summaries of words contained in document for
the document based on the words contained in them. You could analyze documents and determine similarities
between them. Text mining used in analyzing open ended survey response, automatic processing of messages and
emails, investigating competitors etc.
E. Educational system
EDM techniques are also used for e-learning. E-learning means online learning on computer using web services. In
this there are basically to groups of peoples one is learner and another is provider. In e-learning data bases are used to
store information of service provider Applying data mining would enable us to help the learner who are interested in
certain areas by suggesting relevant and complimentary courses of which they are might be not aware in an efficient
way[15].
vi.
Modern Applications of Data mining
A. Online learning
In online learning lectures are delivered using internet instead of classroom. Using data mining techniques are apply
to make online learning more effective. it is convenient way of learning and different methods of learning can be used
on online learning.
B. Educational data research
Educational data research is a wide area of research. In educational data research data is related to teachers, students,
placement and admissions of students etc. Various data mining techniques are applied in this area to generate some
useful information, which help us in making decisions.
C. Automatic Grading
Automatic grading is also a new area of educational data mining. In this automatic grades are generated on the basis
of previous and current data of student related to their performance in exam. Various artificial intelligence methods
could be used with data mining methods. In this method there are less chance of errors and is more fairer.
D. Social network analysis
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Social network analysis helps us to find relation b/w persons and groups. Social network analysis is can be tool of
considerable utility in the educational context for addressing difficult problems like uncovering students level of
cohesion, their degree of participation in forums, or identification of most influential ones.
vii.
Conclusion
In the present paper, we review data mining and its application in field of education. In this paper we learn some
basic goals of educational data mining and its techniques that are used for knowledge discovery and help us in
making useful decisions. There are number of data mining tools are developed that are used in educational data
mining. In this paper we discuss some new applications of EDM and future research work done in this field help us
in making useful analysis on students performance, their behavior which help us in improving students learning
.Hopefully some new techniques of Educational data mining with new applications are discussed in our next paper.
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ISSN(Online): 2395-xxxx

International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer