Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Examples.
Chair, table, book, cup, computer, picture, (names of things)
New York, Paris, Canada, Toronto, school, hospital, cinema, garden, (names of places)
John, Newton, R.H Stephen, Einstein, man, boy, doctor (names of persons)
Types of Noun
There are two main types of noun.
Common Noun
Proper Noun
Common Noun.
Name of a common or a non-specific thing, place, or person is called common noun.
Common noun refers to a non-specific or non-particular thing, place or person.
For example book, pen, room, garden man, girl, road, camera, month, day, chair, school, boy,
car, are common nouns because each of these nouns refers to a common thing, place or person.
Proper Noun.
Name of a particular or a specific thing, place or person is called proper Noun.
For example BMW Car, April, Monday, Oxford University, New York, America, John, Newton,
Einstein, R.H Stephen, are proper nouns because each of these nouns refers to a particular thing,
place or person.
If a common noun is specified it becomes a proper noun. For example day is a common noun but
if it is specified like Monday or Friday, it becomes proper noun. Similarly car is a common noun
but if it is specified like BMW Car, it becomes proper noun.
8. The is used before the name of a geographical region and points on globe, for example
the Middle East, the West, the Equator, the North Pole
9. The is usually used before the names of organizations for example, the Association of
Chartered Accountants, the World Health Organization,
A countable noun can be singular as well as plural. Article a or an is used before singular
noun but not before plural noun.
If a singular noun starts with consonant letter then a is used before it, i.e. a book, a cat, a pen.
If a singular noun starts with a vowel letter or with consonant which sounds like vowel in that
word, an is used before it i.e. an apple, an umbrella, an onion, an hour.
1.
Plurals are usually formed by adding s or es to singular noun for example bookbooks,
catcats, boxboxes, taxtaxes. If a word ends with y, the y is changed to I then
es is added to make it plural, for example, babybabies, ladyladies. There may be some
exceptions.
2. Some plural are formed in different ways for example, manmen, childchildren, leaf
leaves, wifewives, footfeet, tootteeth, datumdata, basisbases. Such plurals are
called irregular plural forms.
3. Some nouns have same plural and singular form, for example, sheepsheep, deerdeer,
swineswine.
Uncountable Nouns.
Uncountable noun refers to substances which cannot be counted.
For example, water is an uncountable noun because we cannot count it. We cannot say, one water
or two water. Such substances which cannot be counted in terms of numbers are called
uncountable noun.
Examples: Water, milk, bread, honey, rain, furniture, news, information, pleasure, honesty,
courage, weather, music, preparation, warmth, wheat are examples of uncountable nouns.
Uncountable nouns may be used as countable noun when it refers to an individual thing. For
example life is uncountable noun but it be used as countable noun if refers to individual, lives.
Example.
It was feared that two lives had been lost.
We can also use word like some, any, no, little, more etc before uncountable nouns if needed in
sentence.
Examples.
They have no information about the accused.
There is little milk in the glass.
Pronoun
Pronoun is a word that is used instead of a noun, e.g. he, she, it, they, his, her, him its etc.
Example.
John is an intelligent student. He goes to school daily. He studies a lot. He is making preparation
for examination. He will get high marks examination.
In the above paragraph pronoun he is used instead of noun John. If we do not use pronoun in
above paragraph we will have to use the noun John again and again in each sentence. So, the
purpose of pronoun is to avoid the repetition of a noun.
Examples. He, she, it, they, you, I, we, who, him, her, them, me, us, whom, his, its, their, your,
mine, our and whose, myself, himself, herself , yourself, which, this, that these, those, are the
pronouns which are mostly used.
Personal Pronouns: e.g. I, you, He, she, it, they, who, me, him, her, them, whom
Reflexive Pronouns: e.g. myself, himself, herself, itself, yourself, ourselves, themselves
Types of Pronoun
Personal Pronouns.
Personal pronoun describes a particular person or thing or group.
Personal pronoun describes the person speaking (I, me, we, us), the person spoken to (you), or
the person or thing spoken about (he, she, it, they, him, her, them).
Personal Pronouns
Personal pronoun describes a particular person or thing or group.
Personal pronoun describes the person speaking (I, me, we, us), the person spoken to (you), or
the person or thing spoken about (he, she, it, they, him, her, them).
Example.
He helps poor.
The pronoun he in above sentence describes a person who helps poor.
Personal Pronoun
Namber
Singular
Plural
Person
Subject
Object
1st Person
Me
2nd Person
You
You
3rd Person
He, She, It
Him, Her, It
1st Person
We
Us
2nd Person
You
You
3rd Person
They
Them
Examples.
She is intelligent
They are playing chess.
He sent me a letter.
It is raining.
We love our country.
The teacher appreciated them.
I met him yesterday.
He gave her a gift.
Did you go to home?
Possessive Pronouns
Possessive Pronoun indicates close possession or ownership or relationship of a thing/person to
another thing/person.
e.g. yours, mine, his, hers, ours, theirs, hers,
Example.
This book is mine.
The pronoun mine describes the relationship between book and a person (me) who possesses
this book or who is the owner of this book.
Namber
Singular
Plural
Person
Possessive Pronoun
1st Person
Mine
2nd Person
Yours
3rd Person
1st Person
Ours
2nd Person
Yours
3rd Person
Theirs
Examples.
That car is hers.
Your book is old. Mine is new.
The pen on the table is mine.
The smallest cup is yours.
The voice is hers.
The car is ours not theirs.
I have lost my camera. May I use yours?
They received your letter. Did you received theirs.
Note: Possessive adjectives (my, her, your) may be confused with possessive pronouns.
Possessive adjective modifies noun in terms of possession. Both possessive adjective and
possessive show possession or ownership, but possessive adjective is used (with noun) to modify
the noun while Possessive pronoun is used instead (in place of) a noun.
Examples.
This is my book. (Possessive adjective: my modifies the noun book)
This book is mine. (Possessive pronoun: mine is used instead of noun to whom the book
belongs)
Reflexive Pronoun.
Reflexive pronoun describes noun when subjects action affects the subject itself.
e.g himself, yourself, herself, ourselves, themselves, itself are reflexive pronouns.
Reflexive pronouns always act as objects not subjects, and they require an interaction between
the subject and an object.
Namber
Singular
Plural
Person
Subject
Reflive Pronoun
1st Person
Myself
2nd Person
You
Yourself
3rd Person
He, she, it
1st Person
We
Ourselves
2nd Person
You
Yourselves
3rd Person
They
Themselves
Examples.
I looked at myself in the mirror.
You should think about yourself.
They prepared themselves for completion.
She pleases herself by think that she will win the prize.
He bought a car for himself.
He locked himself in the room.
He who loves only himself is a selfish.
Note: Reflexive noun can also be used to give more emphasis on subject or object. If a reflexive
pronoun is used to give more emphasis on a subject or an object, it is called Intensive
Pronoun. Usage and function of intensive pronoun are different from that of reflexive pronoun.
Each other
One another.
Examples.
John and Marry are talking to each other.
The students gave cards to one another.
The people helped one another in hospital.
Two boys were pushing each other.
The car and the bus collided with each other.
The students in the class greeted one another.
Relative Pronouns.
Relative Pronoun describes a noun which is mentioned before and more information is to be
given about it.
Or
Relative pronoun is a pronoun which joins relative clauses and relative sentences.
For example, It is the person, who helped her.
In this sentence the word who is a relative pronoun which refers to the noun (the person)
which is already mentioned in beginning of sentence (It is the person) and more information (he
helped her) is given after using a relative pronoun (who) for the noun (the person).
Similarly, in above sentence the pronoun who joins two clauses which are it is the person
and who helped her.
Examples. The most commonly used five relative pronouns are, who, whom, whose, which, that.
Who is for subject and whom is used for object. who and whom are used for people.
Whose is used to show possession and can be used for both people and things. Which is used
for things. That is used for people and things.
Examples.
It is the girl who got first position in class.
Adjective is a word that modifies noun.
The man whom I met yesterday is a nice person.
It is the planning that makes succeed.
The boy who is laughing is my friend.
It is the boy whose father is doctor.
The car which I like is red.
Demonstrative Pronouns.
Demonstrative pronoun is a pronoun that points to a thing or things.
e.g. this, that, these, those, none, neither
These pronouns point to thing or things in short distance/time or long distance/time.
Short distance or time: This, these.
Long distance or time: That, those.
Demonstrative pronouns this and that are used for singular thing while these or those are
used for plural things.
Examples
This is black.
That is heavy.
Can you see these?
Do you like this?
Adjective
Adjective is a word that modifies (gives more information about) a noun or pronoun.
For example, tall man, old house, red car. The words tall, old, red are adjectives which give
more information about nouns man, house, and car in these examples.
More than one adjective can also be used for a single noun in sentence.
Examples.
The beautiful girl entered into the room.
The tall, beautiful girl entered into the room.
The tall, thin, beautiful girl entered into the room.
The tall, thin, beautiful and intelligent girl entered into the room.
An adjective gives information about the colour, size, characteristic, quality, quantity or
personal traits of a noun or pronoun.
Some examples.
White, red, black, green, purple, yellow, orange, brown, and black are adjectives because
they mention the colour of noun or pronoun.
Beautiful, pretty, ugly, thin, slim, fat, tall, and short are adjectives and they describe
physical characteristic of a noun or pronoun.
Intelligent, brave, courageous, determined, exuberant and diligent are adjective and they
describe the personal traits of a noun or pronoun.
Before noun
After some verbs (After stative verbs like seem, look, be (when used as stative verb), feel
etc)
2. Comparative Adjective
3. Superlative Adjective
Positive
Comparative
Superlative
Big
Great
Short
Old
Large
Happy
Lucky
Heavy
Beautiful
Horrible
Good
Bad
Little
Many
Bigger
Greater
Shorter
Older
Larger
Happier
Luckier
Heavier
More beautiful
More horrible
Better
Worse
Less
More
Biggest
Greatest
Shortest
Oldest
Largest
Happiest
Luckiest
Heaviest
Most beautiful
Most horrible
Best
Worst
Least
Most
Examples.
She is taller than Mary.
A cup is smaller than a glass.
He is junior to me.
Chinese is more difficult than English.
Paris is more beautiful than New York.
object is surpassing all others (things in comparison) in quality or characteristic. For example,
John is the most intelligent student in his class. It means John is surpassing all other students in
his class and no other student in his class is as intelligent as John.
Article the is used before superlative degree. In or of etc is used after the superlative and
modifying noun in sentence.
Examples.
Bills Gate is the richest person in world.
Brunel is the most beautiful hotel in England.
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in world.
She is the tallest girl in class.
Our generation is the most modern.
His house is the biggest in the street.
The winter is the coldest time of year.
Verb
Examples. Write, run, eat, drink, catch, clean, speak, laugh, weep, are some verbs
He is writing a letter.
In the above example, the verb write tells us about the action (writing) of the subject (he). A
verb has its subject in sentence and verb tells us what its subject does, did or will do.
Verbs describe action or state. Most verbs describe action, such verbs are called dynamic verb,
for example write, eat, run, speak. Some verbs describe state of something, such verbs are called
stative verb and are not usually used in continuous tense for example be, impress, please,
surprise, belong to, consist of, resemble, seem
Examples.
He works in a factory(action)
I boughta computer. (action)
John seems happy. (state)
He resembles his brother (state)
Base form
2. Past Simple
4. Past participle
For example, gowentgone. Go is base form, went is past simple form, and gone is
past participle form. These three form may also be named as 1st form, 2nd form and 3rd form of
verb, which are denoted by V1, V2 and V3 respectively. ing is added to base form verb to
make present participle which can be used with auxiliary verb to be in continuous tense, for
example, gogoing, eateating, laughlaughing.
Regular verbs
Irregular verbs
Regular Verbs.
Some verbs form their past simple and past participle form by adding -ed to their base form,
such verbs are called regular verbs, for example laughlaughedlaughed, looklooked
looked.
Some examples
Verb
Base
form or
V1
Past
Past simple
Present
participle
or V2
participle
or V3
To advise
To allow
To enjoy
To rain
To smile
advise
allow
enjoy
rain
smile
advised
allowed
enjoyed
rained
smiled
advised
allowed
enjoyed
rained
smiled
Advising
Allowing
Enjoying
Raining
Smiling
Irregular Verbs.
Some verbs form their past simple and participle in different ways for example, buybought
bought, eatateeaten, such verbs are called irregular verbs.
Some examples
Verb
Past
Base form Past simple
Present
participle
or V1
or V2
participle
or V3
To know
To go
To drink
To hold
To write
know
go
drink
hold
wriite
knew
went
drank
held
wrote
known
gone
drunk
held
written
Knowing
Going
Drinking
Holding
Writing
Verb
Past
Base form Past simple
Present
participle
or V1
or V2
participle
or V3
To cut
To shut
cut
shut
cut
shut
cut
shut
Cutting
Shutting
To spread
To put
To read
spread
put
read
spread
put
read
spread
put
read
Spreading
Putting
reading
A sentence can have both main verb and helping verb (auxiliary verb).
Main verb: A verb which has major meaning in terms of action are called main verb, i.e. write,
buy, eat etc.
Helping verb: A verb which supports the main verb to form the structure of sentence (according
to a specific tense) and give us information about the time of action expressed by main verb, is
called helping verb or auxiliary verb, i.e. is, am, have, was, had, is, will etc.
Main verb has real meaning and tells more about action while helping verb has no (or little)
meaning if it is alone but it adds time information about action if used with main verb to specify
the tense or time of the main verb. The examples below will help in better understanding.
The main verbs in these sentences eat convey the information about the action which is done
on an apple, while the helping verbs in these sentences "is, and was" tells us the about the time of
action by referring to specific tense. In first sentence with helping verb "is" action (eating an
apple) is being done right now in the present time while in the second sentence with hepling verb
"was" action (eating an apple) was being done in past.
It means the MAIN VERB CONVEYS the meaning of action with a little information about its
time, but the HELPING VERB (also called auxilliary Verb) tell us more about the time of action.
Helping verbs and main verbs together make a structure of sentence of a specific tense (action
and its time)
Have (have, has, had). Forms of have are used in perfect tense.
Example.
He has completed his work. (Present prefect tense)
He had bought a car. (Past perfect tense)
Do(do, does, did). Forms of do are used in indefinite(simple) tenses i.e. present simple
tense or past simple tense.
Example.
They do not play chess. (Present simple tense)
I did not see him. (Past simple)
Modal verbs are used to express ideas such as ability, possibility, intention or necessity.
Examples.
Should (necessity)
Must (necessity)
Ought to
Transitive Verbs.
A verb which needs to have object in sentence is called transitive verb.
Transitive verbs should have an object in sentence because without subject it does not covey
complete meaning.
Example.
He bought ______.
There should be some object in this sentence for verb buy. Without an object the verb
bought does not give complete meaning. To make it more meaningful we use some object for
verb bought i.e book or computer or car.
He bought a book.
or
He bought a computer.
or
He bought a computer.
More examples.
John is eating a mango.
He has completedhis work.
I caught a bird in bushes.
She wrote a story.
Intransitive sentence.
A verb which does not need to have object in sentence is called intransitive.
Intransitive verb can give complete meaning with an object in sentence for it.
Example.
He slept.
She is laughing.
It has rained.
He is running.
They arrived.
Adverb
Adverb is a word which modifies (gives more information about) a verb or adjective or other
adverb.
For example,
He replied.
He replied quickly.
The word quickly is an adverb which gives more information about verb reply in the above
example. The adverb quickly in above example tells us about the verb reply that the reply
was given quickly or with no time delay.
Similarly an adverb may also modify adjective or other adverb or other part of speech except the
noun.
Examples (adverbs modifying verbs).
He was driving carelessly.
John can speak French fluently.
They live happily.
Marry is laughing loudly.
He goes to school daily.
Formation of adverb
1. Most of adverbs are formed by adding -ly to adjectives. For example, happily, easily,
quickly, angrily, correctly, fluently, proudly, loudly, rapidly, immediately etc
1. A few adverbs exists without -ly. For example, fast, slow, deep, far, hard, high, wrong,
right, low, well, tight, straight, there, here, close, late, very, too, not
Examples.
Adverbs of
Manner
Adverbs of
Place
Adverbs of
Time
Adverbs of
Frequency
Happily
Sadly
Easily
Rudely
Loudly
Fluently
Here
There
Near
Somewhere
Outside
Inside
Now
Then
Yesterday
Today
Tomorrow
Late
Sometimes
Often
Usually
Seldom
Frequently
Daily
Rapidly
Angrily
Greedily
Wildly
Ahead
High
Top
Bottom
Early
Again
Tonight
Soon
Generally
Occasionally
Again and again
Never
Types/Kinds of Adverb
Adverb modifies verb by giving us the following information.
How the action occurs
Where the action occurs
How many times action occur
At which time the action occurs
Intensity of action
Adverbs are categorized on the basis of it information it gives, into the following categories.
1. Adverbs of manner
2. Adverb of place
3. Adverb of time
4. Adverb of frequency
Types of Adverb
Adverbs are categorized on the basis of it information it gives, into the following categories.
1. Adverbs of manner
2. Adverb of place
3. Adverb of time
4. Adverb of frequency
Adverbs of Manner
These adverbs tell us that in which manner the action occurs or how the action occurs or
occurred or will occur.
Examples.
She speaks loudly.
He was driving slowly.
You replied correctly.
He runs fast.
They solved the problem easily.
Listen to me carefully.
Adverb of Place.
Adverb of place tells us about the place of action or where action occurs/occurred/will occur.
e.g. here, there, near, somewhere, outside, ahead, on the top, at some place.
Examples.
He will come here.
The children are playing outside.
He was standing near the wall.
They were flying kites on the top of hill.
He lives somewhere in New York.
She went upstairs.
Adverb of time
These adverbs tell us about the time of action. e.g. now, then, soon, tomorrow, yesterday, today,
tonight, again, early, yesterday.
Examples.
I will buy a computer tomorrow.
The guest came yesterday.
Do it now.
She is still waiting for her brother.
He got up early in the morning.
Adverb of frequency
Adverbs of frequency tell us how many times the action occurs or occurred or will occur.
e.g. daily, sometimes, often, seldom, usually, frequently, always, ever, generally, rarely, monthly,
yearly.
Examples.
He goes to school daily.
She never smokes.
He is always late for class.
They always come in time.
Barking dogs seldom bite.
The employees are paid monthly.
The employees are paid every month.
Preposition
Preposition is a word that shows relation between noun or pronoun and the other words in
sentence.
e.g. in, on, at, to, with, under, above, into, by, of etc
Preposition is always used before a noun or pronoun and shows the relation of the noun or
pronoun to the other words in sentence. The following examples will help in better
understanding.
Example.
Subject + Verb
Preposition
on
Noun
table
He lives
in
Paris
She looked
at
Stranger.
He will come
in
January.
on
20th December.
I was waiting
for
you
Someone is knocking
at
The door.
She came
by
bus.
Prepositions show many relations (for different nouns) in sentence. On the basis of relation they
show, preposition may be divided into following categories.
Preposition for device, instrument or machines. e.g. on, by, with, etc.
Prepositions used after verbs to make prepositional verb. e.g. look at, look after, laugh
at
Types of Preposition
Types of Preposition
The types of preposition are as follows:
1. Preposition for Time
2. Preposition for Place
3. Preposition for Direction
4. Preposition for Agent
5. Preposition for Instrument
6. Prepositional Phrase
Preposition
Time Nature
In
1. Month or Year.
e.g. in January, in 1985
2. Particular time of day or month or year
e.g. in morning, in evening, in first week of January, in summer, in winter
3. Century or specific time in past etc
e.g. in 21st century, in stone age, in past, in future, in present
On
1. Day
e.g. on Monday
2. Date
At
1. Time of clock
e.g. at 5 Oclock, at 7:30 PM
2. Short and precise time
e.g. at noon, at sunset, at lunch time, at bed time, at the moment, at the
same time
Examples.
He was born in 1945.
She will go to New York on 25th of March.
The concert will begin at 7 Oclock.
He gets up early in the morning.
We enjoyed a lot in the summer.
The president will deliver speech to public on Independence Day.
She received a lot gifts on her birthday.
Where were you at the lunchtime?
I will call you at 12 A.M
In is usually used for place which have some boundary (boundary may physical or
virtual).
Preposition
Place Nature
In
On
Surface of something.
Examples.
On a table
On blackboard
On a page
On the wall
On the roof
On a map
At
Specific Place.
Examples.
At the entrance
At the bottom of glass
At front of the chair
At bus stop
At the edge of roof
Examples
She lives in New York.
Students study in library.
The wedding ceremony will be held in the hall.
There are some books on the table.
The teacher wrote a sentence on blackboard.
He was flying kite on the roof.
Her parents were waiting for her at the entrance of school
Prepositional Verb
Some verbs need particular prepositions to be used after them in sentences having a direct object.
Such a verb with its required preposition is called a prepositional phrase.
For example
He knocks at the door
In above sentence knock at is prepositional phrase which contains a verb knock and a
preposition at. Without the use of correct preposition after a prepositional verb in a sentence,
the sentence is considered to be grammatically wrong. For example if we say, he knocks the
door, it is wrong because it lacks the required preposition at. So the correct sentence is he
knocks at the door.
Prepositional Verbs are transitive and they have a direct object in sentence. Some of the
frequently used preposition verb are, laugh at, knock at, listen to, look at, look for, look after,
wait for, agree to, agree with, talk about, talked to
Examples.
She is listening to music.
She looked at the blackboard.
We believe in God.
They were waiting for the teacher.
Do you agree with me?
Do you agree to my proposal?
Someone is knocking at the door.
You should not rely on her.
Conjunction
Conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases, clauses or sentences. e.g. and, but, or, nor,
for, yet, so, although, because, since, unless, when, while, where are some conjunctions.
Examples.
She tried but did not succeed.
He does not go to school because he is ill.
John and Marry went to the cinema.
He thought for a moment and kicked the ball.
I waited for him but he didnt come.
You will be ill unless you quit smoking.
We didnt go to the market because it was raining outside.
Types of Conjunction.
There are three types of conjunctions
Coordinating Conjunction
Subordinate Conjunction
Correlative Conjunction
Coordinating Conjunction.
Coordinating conjunction (called coordinators) joins words, phrases (which are similar in
importance and grammatical structure) or independent clauses.
Coordinating conjunctions are short words i.e. and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet.
Coordination conjunction joins two equal parts of a sentence,
Word + word
Phrase + phrase
Clause + clause
Examples.
Types of Conjunction.
Conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases, clauses or sentences. e.g. and, but, or, nor,
for, yet, so, although, because, since, unless, when, while, where etc.
Coordinating Conjunction
Subordinate Conjunction
Correlative Conjunction
Coordinating Conjunction.
Coordinating conjunctions (called coordinators) join words, phrases (which are similar in
importance and grammatical structure) or independent clauses.
Coordinating conjunctions are short words i.e. and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet.
Coordination conjunction joins two equal parts of a sentence,
Word + word
Phrase + phrase
Clause + clause
Examples.
Word + word: She likes tea and coffee.
Phrase + phrase: He may be in the room or on the roof.
Clauses + clause: What you eat and what you drink affect your health.
Independent clause + independent clause: The cat jumped over the mouse and
mouse ran away.
the
In the following examples, coordinating conjunctions join two words of same importance.
She likes pizza and cake.
I bought a table and a chair.
He may come by bus or car.
In the following examples, conjunction joins two independent clauses. Independent clause is a
clause which can stand alone as a sentence and have complete thought on its own.
I called him but he didnt pick up the phone.
I advised him to quit smoking, but he didnt act upon my advice.
He became ill, so he thought he should go to a doctor.
Subordinating Conjunctions.
Subordinating conjunctions (called subordinators) join subordinate clause (dependent clause) to
main clause.
e.g. although, because, if, before, how, once, since, till, until, when, where, whether, while, after,
no matter how, provided that, as soon as, even if,
MAIN CLAUSE + SUBORDINATE CLAUSE
SUBORDINATE CLAUSE + MAIN CLAUSE
Subordinate clause is combination of words (subject and verb) which cannot stand alone as a
complete sentence. Subordinate clause is also called dependent clause because it is dependent on
main clause. Subordinate clause usually starts with relative pronoun (which, who, that, whom
etc). Subordinate clause gives more information in relation to main clause to complete the
thought.
Subordinating conjunction joins subordinate clause to main clause. Subordinating conjunction
always come before the subordinate clause, no matter the subordinate clause is before main
clause or after the main clause.
Examples.
He does not go to school because he is ill.
I will call you after I reach my home.
I bought some cookies while I was coming from my office.
They played football although it was raining.
Although it was raining, they played foot ball.
As far as I know, this exam is very difficult.
I have gone to every concert since I have lived in New York.
You can get high grades in exam provided that you work hard for it.
Correlative Conjunction.
These are paired conjunctions which join words, phrases or clauses which have reciprocal or
complementary relationship.
The most commonly used correlative conjunctions are as follows
Either or
Neither nor
Whether or
Both and
Not only but also
Examples.
Neither John nor Marry passed the exam.
Give me either a cup or a glass.
Both red and yellow are attractive colours.
I like neither tea nor coffee.
He will be either in the room or in the hall.
John can speak not only English but also French.
Interjection
Interjections are short words which show strong feeling or emotions.
e.g. oh, ah, wow, hurrah, alas, ouch, Oops, aha, hey, etc
Interjections are short exclamations which express strong or sudden feeling of
Joy
Sorrow
Wonder