ArchiMate 2.

1
ArchiMate Core

Business

Active Structure Concepts

Business
actor

Business
role

Business
collaboration

Business
interface

Behavioral Concepts
Business
process

Business
service

Passive Structure
Concepts
Business
object

Representation

Product

Business
function

Business
event

Meaning

Contract

Business
interaction

Application

Location

Application
component

Application
interface

Node

Technology

Application
collaboration

Network

Communication
path

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Application
function

Value

Data
object

Application
interaction

Application
service

Device

Infrastructure
service

Artifact

System
software

Infrastructure
interface

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ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Business Layer
Concept

Description

Notation

Business
Actor

An organizational entity that is

capable of performing behavior
via a role.

Business
actor

Business
Role

The responsibility for performing

specific behavior, to which an
actor can be assigned.

Business
role

Business
An aggregate of two or more
Collaboration business roles that work together
to perform collective behavior.
Business
Interface

A point of access where a

business service is made
available to the environment.

Location

A conceptual point or extent in

space.

Business
Process

A behavior element that groups

behavior based on an ordering of
activities. It is intended to produce
a defined set of products or
business services.

Business
Function

A behavior element that groups

behavior based on a chosen set
of criteria (typically required
business resources and/or
competences).

Business
Interaction

A behavior element that describes

the behavior of a business
collaboration.

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Business
collaboration

Concept
Business
Event

Something that happens

(internally or externally) and
influences behavior (business
process, business function,
business interaction).

Business
Service

A service that fulfils a business

need for a customer (internal or
external to the organization).

Business
Object

A passive element that has

relevance from a business
perspective.

Representation

A perceptible form of the

information carried by a business
object.

Business
interface

Meaning

Value
Business
process

Business
function

Business
interaction

Description

The knowledge or expertise

present in a business object or its
representation, given a particular
context.
The relative worth, utility, or
importance of a business service
or product.

Product

A coherent collection of services,

accompanied by a contract/set of
agreements, which is offered as a
whole to (internal or external)
customers.

Contract

A formal or informal specification

of agreement that specifies the
rights and obligations associated
with a product.

Notation
Business
event

Business
service

Business
object

Representation

Meaning

Value

Product

Contract

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Example Business Layer Model

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Application Layer
Concept
Application Component

Application Collaboration

Application Interface

Application Function

Application Interaction

Application Service

Definition
A modular, deployable, and replaceable part of a software system
that encapsulates its behavior and data and exposes these through
a set of interfaces.
An aggregate of two or more application components that work
together to perform collective behavior.

A point of access where an application service is made available to

a user or another application component.

A behavior element that groups automated behavior that can be

performed by an application component.

A behavior element that describes the behavior of an application

collaboration.

Notation
Application
component

Application
collaboration

Application
interface

Application
function

Application
interaction

A service that exposes automated behavior.

Application
service

Data Object

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

A passive element suitable for automated processing.

Data
object

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Example Application Layer Model

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Technology Layer
Concept
Node

Device

Network

Definition
A computational
resource upon which
artifacts may be
stored or deployed for
execution.
A hardware resource
upon which artifacts
may be stored or
deployed for
execution.

Notation
Node

Device

A communication
medium between two
or more devices.

Network

Communication
Path

A link between two or

more nodes, through
which these nodes
can exchange data.

Communication
path

Infrastructure
Interface

A point of access
where infrastructure
services offered by a
node can be
accessed by other
nodes and application
components.

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Concept

Definition

Notation

System
Software

A software environment for

specific types of
components and objects
that are deployed on it in the
form of artifacts.

Infrastructure
Function

A behavior element that

groups infrastructural
behavior that can be
performed by a node.

Infrastructure
Service

An externally visible unit of

functionality, provided by
one or more nodes,
exposed through welldefined interfaces, and
meaningful to the
environment.

Artifact

A physical piece of data that

is used or produced in a
software development
process, or by deployment
and operation of a system.

System
software

Infrastructure
service

Artifact

Infrastructure
interface

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Example Technology Layer Model

Note: In ArchiMate models, there are

no formal semantics assigned to colors.
However, they can be used freely to
stress certain aspects in models. For
instance, in the example models
presented in the standard, colors are
often used to distinguish between the
layers of the ArchiMate framework:
yellow for the business layer, blue for
the application layer, and green for the
technology layer.

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Relationships
Structural Relationships
Association

Association models a relationship between objects that is not covered by another,

more specific relationship.

Access

The access relationship models the access of behavioral concepts to business or

data objects.

Used by

The used by relationship models the use of services by processes, functions, or

interactions and the access to interfaces by roles, components, or collaborations.

Realization

The realization relationship links a logical entity with a more concrete entity that
realizes it.

Assignment

The assignment relationship links units of behavior with active elements (e.g., roles,
components) that perform them, or roles with actors that fulfill them.

Aggregation

The aggregation relationship indicates that an object groups a number of other

objects.

Composition

The composition relationship indicates that an object is composed of one or more

other objects.
Dynamic Relationships

Flow

The flow relationship describes the exchange or transfer of, for example, information
or value between processes, function, interactions, and events.

Triggering

The triggering relationship describes the temporal or causal relationships between

processes, functions, interactions, and events.
Other Relationships

Grouping

The grouping relationship indicates that objects, of the same type or different types,
belong together based on some common characteristic.

Junction

A junction is used to connect relationships of the same type.

Specialization

The specialization relationship indicates that an object is a specialization of another

object.

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Notation

Notation

Notation

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ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Example Relationships

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Extensions
The Motivation Extension adds concepts such as
goal, principle, and requirement. It addresses the way
the enterprise architecture is aligned to its context, as
described by motivational elements.
The Implementation and Migration Extension adds
concepts to support the later ADM phases, related to
the implementation and migration of architectures.

Motivation Extension

Implementation and Migration Extension

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Motivation Extension
Concept

Definition

Stakeholder

The role of an individual, team, or organization (or classes thereof) that

represents their interests in, or concerns relative to, the outcome of the
architecture.

Driver

Something that creates, motivates, and fuels the change in an organization.

Assessment

The outcome of some analysis of some driver.

Goal

An end state that a stakeholder intends to achieve.

Requirement

A statement of need that must be realized by a system.

Constraint

A restriction on the way in which a system is realized.

Principle

A normative property of all systems in a given context, or the way in which they
are realized.

Intentional Relationships
Association

Assocation models that some intention is related to the source of that intention

Aggregation

Aggregation models that some intentional element is divided into multiple

intentional elements.

Realization

Realization models that some end is realized by some means.

Influence

Influence models that some motivational element has a positive or negative

influence on the realization of another motivational element.

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Notation

Notation

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ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Example Motivation Extension Model

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Implementation and Migration Extension
Concept

Definition

Work Package

A series of actions designed to accomplish a unique goal within a

specified time.

Deliverable

A precisely-defined outcome of a work package.

Plateau

A relatively stable state of the architecture that exists during a limited

period of time.

Gap

An outcome of a gap analysis between two plateaus.

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Notation

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

ArchiMate 2.1
Example Implementation & Migration Extension Model

N131 Reference Card: ArchiMate 2.1

Copyright 2013 The Open Group. All Rights Reserved.

ArchiMate is a registered trademark of The Open Group.