Vta vydhi

All vydhi can be classified into:

1. Smnyaja : The vydhi that are formed when 2 or
more doa take part in samprpti and contribute to
vydhi formation like jwara etc.
2. Nntmaja : Na-antmaja - the vydhi that are
formed from a single doa. Vary rarely these single
doaja vydhi do have anubandha (affiliation) of
another doa but can occur without any anubandha as
well. Meaning that another doa may rarely be
affiliated but it is not an essential part of the
saprpti.

a. kepaka
(convulsions),
rdita
(facial
palsy/paralysis) etc. are vtaja
b. Oa
(burning),
coa
(sucked
dry
by
heat/inflammation) are pittaj
c. Gurgtrat (heaviness) is kaphaja.
There are a total of 80 nntmaja vta vydhi, 40
nntmaja pittaja vydhi, 20 nantmaja kaphaja vydhi.
Of all these, vta being the driving force, being
unpredictable and being very u (fast), the vydhi that it
creates are of a more serious and harsh nature than
nntmaja pittaja or kaphaja vydhi. Depending upon the
various dya (dhtu/organs) locations they form up 80
different vydhi that need special mention and
individually different cikits.

Prkt vyu : nature, functions.

Prkt or normal vta is responsible for the utpatti
(formation), dhraa (holding or preservation) and vin
(death) all of these being a part of the normal life cycle.
This vta bcoming vikta can cause multiple
abnormalities in the body and the life cycle.
It is formed as mala at the time of sthla pacana, as a
kia (mala). It is excreted out of the body after its
contribution to the metabolism in the body.
Pactm vyu kohe prdurbhavati
All five sub-types viz. pra, udna, vyna, samna,
apna find themselves nutrited/supported by this
kohastha vta the apna vyu.
Synonyms for vta: maruta, mruta, anila, pavana,
samra, prabhajana, wasana.

Mahbhta involvement:
Vayvka dhtubhya vyo A.S.Su.20.

Gua:
Tatra ruko laghu ta khara skmascalo anila
A.H.Su.1
Other gua: Drua (harsh/severe/cruel), bahu-ighra,
rajo-bahula, an-avasthitatva (constantly moving).
Vtagueu sarvam raukam pradhnam
Ruka gua most dominant gua
Yogavha param vyu sayogd ubhayrthakt
Dhakt tejas yukta takt somasasrayt
Ca.cikits.3
Yogavhi
Vta rajoguabahula
Rajo gua dominant

Karma:
Vyustantra
(doctrine/system)
yantra
(instrument/machine) dhar (manifestation)
prnodna-samna-vyna-apntm
pravartaka cesnm uccvacnm
niyant praeta ca manasa
sarvendriym udyojaka
sarvendriyarthnm abhivoh
sarva arra dhtu vyhakar
sandhnakara arrasya
pravartako vaca prakti spara abdayo
rotra sparanayormlam harotshayoryoni
samirao agne
doa saoa
kept bahirmalnm

 sthlu srotasm bhett

kart garbhktnm
yuo
anuvtti
pratyayabhto
(gives
the
assurance/conviction of life through its various
actions) bhavati akpita
Caraka
strasthna 12
Sthna:
Pakvaya ka sakthi rotrsthi sparanendriya
Sthnam vtasya tatrpi pakvdhnam vieata
A.H.Su.12
Lower part of body, lower part of koha, prya fag end
of any process

Types based on sthna and karma bheda. Each sub-type

has its specified location and karma and will act as per
specific gua expected in that location/ function.
Eg. Samna in jaara, samirao agne
Apna in pakvaya, mala-mutra-garbha nikramaa
kriya...

Pra:
Sthnam prasya ro urakaha jihvsya nsik
Ca.Ci.28
Pro atra mrdhaga
Ura kaha caro buddhi hdayendriya citta dhuk
hvana
kavathdgra
niwsnna
praveakt
A.H.Su.12
Here hvana and kavath although outward directed
are aimed at keeping the swasana and anna marga clear
and helping proper movement of pra and so fall under
the action of prna (& not udna).
Grahaa of wsa, food, water, sensations
Hdaya-site of mnas indriya-buddhi therefore in the
process of jna-grahaa

Hence yoga (breathing, not only postures) helps to

control the senses yogascittavtti nirodha mainly
making available ka (space).

Udna:
Udno
nma
Su.Nidna.1

yastrdhwamupaiti

pavanottama

Urasthnam udnasya ns-nbhi-galascaret

Vkpravtti prayatna rj bala vara smti kriyh
A.H.Su.12/6
Karma:
Vkpravtti starts from the nabhi and is expressed
through the jihv.
Smti bringing back from the storage to the mind and
then expression.

Samna :
Samno agni sampastha kohe carati sarvata
Anna ghti pacati vivecayati mucati A.H.Su.12
Swedasrotmbu vhni samdhiita
Antaragnesca prwastha samno
Ca.Ci.28

agnibalaprad

Since it is the vyu directly connected to pacana, it is the

vyu that aids the various dhatuagni also

Vyna:
Vyno hdisthita ktsna-deha-cri mahajav
Gati apakepaa-utkepaa unmea-nimeadik
Prya sarv kriy tasmin pratibaddh arrim
A.H.Su.12
Transfer of prna and nutrition to all dhtu
All different movements of various organs and structures
in the body

Apna:
Apno apnaga roni basti mehra ru gocara
ukrrtava akun mtra garbha nikramaakriy...
A.H.Su.12
The supporter or provider of all other vta types.
The word apna also means guda/anus.

Important to understand the different sites, functions and

direction of normal movement of vta so that any change
in these that can lead to disease can be identified and
corrected whenever and wherever possible.
Since kapha and pitta are pangu (invalid) without
vta, it is most important of all doa
It is responsible for state of health or disease
yu - life is a movement in time vta.

All the gua of vta viz. ruka, laghu, ta, khara,

sukma, cala are present in all the sub types they are
an indivisible or ir-reducible properties of vta. But
thinking of these comparatively, in terms of their taratama bhva
Sukma, cala, ta, ruka, khara are respectively specific
to pra, vyna, udna, samna and apana

Hetu:
Ruka sta alpa laghu anna vyvya ati prajgarai
Viamd upacrsca doa asga sravad api
Langhana plavan ati-adhwa vyymt ativiceitai
Dhtun sa-ksayt cint-oka-rogti karat
Dukha-ayysant krodht divswapnt bhaydapi
Vega-sadhrad md abhightd abhojant
Marmghtd gaja-otra-awa ghra ynavatansant
Caraka cikits 28.
From the above list it is obvious that the hetu can be
categorised into 2 main categories:
1. hetu responsible for dhtu kaya
2. hetu responsible for marga avarodha.
Vyo dhtukayt kopo margasyvaranen v Ca.Ci.
28

Mrgavarodha janya also called upastambhit (blocked

by a pillar)
Dhtukaya janya also called nir-upastambhita.
Treatment of these 2 types is nearly opposite in nature.
Therefore understanding these 2 types distinctly is
important.

Saprpti Upastambhita vta vydhi:

Mandgni ma OR vta prakopa hetu prakpita vta
(esp with ta gua) blocking srotas movement of vta
blocked vta vimargaga ama/vyu making sthnasasraya in weak srotas vta vydhi.
Saprpti Nir upastambhita vta vydhi:
Hetu like poor nutrition etc. or ghta etc (traumatic/
debilitating/ degenerative) hetu that reduces the strength
of dhtu causing rikta (empty) sthna vta prakopa
increase in ruka (dry), parua (harsh, stiff) and khara
(rough) gua vyu praa in rikta sthna increased
dhtu kaya vta vydhi.

Prvarpa:
aa for vta vydhi.
tmarpam tu yad vyaktam apyo laghut puna
Ca.ci.28
According to any vydhi the signs/symptoms that are
obvious and clear are called rpa or lakaa. When they
are expressed very weakly they are called prvarpa. As
the nature of vta is aniyamita or anischita
(uncontrollable/unpredictable), the lakaa or rpa are
exhibited when the vta vydhi is in vega avasth and
diminish when in avegvasth. So one sees diminished or
weak exhibition of symptoms is prva rpa.
Since these diminish in avegvasth and increase in
vegvasth having vega and avega avasth is a
smanya lakaa of vta vydhi.

Samnya rpa or lakaa (common symptoms of all vta

vydhi):
sakoca parvam stambho
bhedo asthnm parvam api
lomahara
pralp
pi pha sirograha
khaja (limp) pngulya (disabled) kubjatvam (hump
back/ crooked)
oo agnm anidrat
garbha ukra rajo naa
spandanam gtrasptat
iro-ns-aki-jatrum
grvayaschpi
huanam/
vakrat
bheda toda rdita kepo moha ysa eva ca

 evam vividhni rpi karti kpito anila hetusthna viescha bhaved roga vieakta Ca.Ci.28

Cikits:
Vtasya upakrama sneha sweda saodhana mdu
Swdu amla lavaoni bhojyani, abhyanga mardanam
Veanam trsanam seko madyam paiikagaudikam
Snigdho bastayo bastiniyama sukhalat
Dpanai pcanai siddha-snehasca-aneka-yonaya
Vien medhya piita-rasa tailnuvsanam A.H.Sutra
13.
Vgbhaa in Anga Hdaya gives the various cikitsa for
vta and one sees that there are cikits types that seem
to be quite opposite in nature. Eg.
veana-trsana vs. sukhalat
saodhana vs. anuvsanam

This implies 2 kinds of vta vydhi. So one would need to

make a precise diagnosis about the patients condition,
whether it is a upastambhita or dhtu-kaya-janya
saprpti before deciding on the cikits.
Upastambhita
Nirupastambhita (Dhtu
(Mrgvarodha
janya) kaya janya) vta vydhi
vta vydhi
Cikits to remove avarodha Cikits
that
is
dhtuvddhikara
Kau, tikta rasa
Madhura, amla, lavaa rasa
Kau vipaki, Ua vrya
Madhura vipki, sometimes
even ta-vryatmak
Laghu, srotas odhan
Guru, balya
Ruka
dravya
sthpan Anuvsan basti
basti

Many a times, in practice one notices, that the vydhi

starts with a margavarodhjanya saprpti. Obviously it
has to be treated as such. Once the avarodha has been
removed, one has to make sure that the avarodha does
not occur again. Simultaneously, if the avarodha has
been for a long time, there is bound to be udarka of
dhtu-kaya origin. All these have to be treated and this
part of the treatment, is really testing and brings out
the best in the vaidya.

Cikits
for
dhtu
kaya
janya
vta
vydhi
(nirupastambhita vyu):
Snehan cikits most important; snehan by various
ways abhyantara, bhya abhyanga, snehapna,
irobasti/dhra/picu, anuvsan basti
Any sneha in this dhu kaya condition does not act
directly on the vta. It acts on the site of khavaigunya. There is an increased ruka (dry), parua
(harsh, stiff) and khara (rough) gua leading to vyu
praa in rikta sthna. Snehan causes snigdhat,
slkat and mdut in the dhtu. Obviously the vta
that has come to reside in the rikta srotas leaves the
place and becomes anuloma.
Depending on the vydhi sneha can be selected
from the 4 sneha ghta, taila, vas, majj.

 Choice of herbs/dravya for siddhi of this sneha will

also depend on vydhi eg. Lk, udid, mmsa rasa
for mmsa gata conditions etc.

Generally,
Taila (Sesame oil by default) is best for vta
excellent vtaghna. Its sroto-gmitva may need to be
increased for its percolating to the gambhira dhtu.
For this, taila siddhi with related herbs once or
multiple times as per requirement.
Diet of dugdha, mmsa rasa, yua, khichadi with
ghta etc to be given.
Then swedan to be given using ndi bpa and other
means.
Snehan swedan helps restore the various dhtu to
their original condition; reducing their dryness and
restoring sahanan and bala (strength); improves
bala, agni, prna and overall the dhra shakti.
Anuvsan basti with bal taila, nraya taila, dugdha /
siddha kra basti, mmsa rasa basti etc fruitful.

 Dravya preferably madhura, amla, lavaa rasa, guru,

balya, even ita vrya.. eg. Bala, awagandh,
atvari, ma, kuma
Abhrak, loha, rajat, suvara bhasma containing meds
like mahyogaraj guggulu, vasant kusumkar,
hemagarbha pottali rasa etc with anupn of
ghta+st (candy sugar) or milk.
Sukhalat patient should be made to relax the
patient, reduce stress, anxiety; avoiding vyavya;
generally follow hemanta tucarya.

Cikits for mrgvarodh janya vta vydhi (upastambhita

vyu)
Cikits that reduces srotorodha.
Dpana, pcana, ruka, an-abhiyandi, lekhan, a
dravya.
Kau tikta rastmak, kau vipki.
Snehan to be avoided. Snehan with kau vpaki
substances is rarely used.
Swedana is important cikits preferably rka sweda
which reduces the avarodha, making vta anuloma.
Mdu anuloman.
Various nirha basti.
Guggulu kalpan important. Guggulu itself kau-tikta,
kau, a, lekhana; yogavhi.

 Eg. Triphal guggulu, triphala+trikau guggulu,

yogaraj guggulu, rsndi guggulu, sinhanda guggulu,
kaiora guggulu
Rsn, guuci, erana-mla, rason, hingu, kraskara,
daa-mla, bhalltaka
Maharsndi kwth, daamla kwth, daamlria,
bhalltaksava, landi vai, mapcak vti, ekngavra rasa
Rare snehana with via-garbha taila, sahacara taila
taila which is siddha with a, tka, via (vyavyiviksi) dravya
Anupna of hot water or honey yogavhi, lekhana,
srotoodhana
Laghu hra, preferably drava (liquid), a; cooked
with dpana-pcana dravya like lana, rdraka, jraka,
hingu

 Vyyama (exercise)

Above was smnya (generalised) line of treatment for

different types of vta vydhi
Depending on sthna saraya, taking into account the
different sub-type of vta that is affected, specific cikits
is decided.
Udnam yojayet rdhwam vamana, nasya
Apnam cnulomayet basti, virecana
Samnam amayet ca eva amana meds
Tridh vynam tu yojayet all above as per
requirement
Pro raka caturbhyao api protect pra even at
the cost of overlooking other vyu
Sthne hi asya sthiti dhruv swa-sthnam gamayed
evam vtnetn vimrgagn understanding the

location treat so that the vyu goes back to its normal

state/location.
Ca.Ci.28

Kohagata vta
Tatra kohrite due nigraho mutra varcarso
Bradhna hdroga gulma ara prwaula ca mrute
Koha would mean area of grahani.
Tvra udarala, dhmna, mala-mtra saga
Hdroga, gulma, ara, prwa la as upadrava
Cikits:
Anuloman with erand sneha and uthi fa
Anuvsan
Snehan swedan or udara pradea
Hingu lepa on udara
ankhavai, landi vai

Mmsa/medogata vta
Gurvanga tudyate atyartha daa-mui hatam yath
Sa-ruk wasitam atyartham mmsa-medo gate anile
Sarvnga gaurav, feeling of being hit by sticks or being
boxed
All movements painful
Sarvnga marda
Similar lakaa in msa and medo gata vta
weakness, heaviness more in medogata; pain more in
mmsagata
Cikits:
Swedan, vtnuloman

Mmsagata snehan, swedan, mdu virecana

Viagarbha taila snehan with tpa sweda
mapcak vai, daamlria, triphal guggulu
Medogata iljatu, guggul kalpa
Chandraprabha, triphal guggulu, daamlria

Gdhras
Sphikprvkai-pho rujnu jagh padam kramt
Gdhras stambha ruk todai ghti spandate muhu
Vtd vta-kaphd tandr gaurava arocaknvit
Ca.Ci.28
Patient walks with more pressure on one foot like a
gdhra (vulture)
Vta prakopa sthna saraya in sphika, kai that
advances to lower back, thighs, pinik and
eventually till the foot
Shooting pain along with stambha (stiffness) and toda
(needle like piercing pain) and spandan (pulsating
pain/sensation)
Eventually kriy alpat, kriy hni

 2 kinds seen vtaj and vta-kaphaj

along
with
the
above
mentioned
lakaa,
agnimndya, tandra (heaviness), mukha-praseka
(salivation), gaurava, arocaka, bhaktadvea
Cikits:
Snehana savhan with viagarbha taila in
anuloman direction
Swedan ndi sweda with nirgudi, daamla,
erandmla
Basti nirha
Agnikarma on sacral region
Triphala guggulu, sameerpannag rasa etc
In chronic cases, it leads to dhtu kaya janya
saprpti lakdi guggulu, pacmt loha guggul

Viwci:
Tala pratyanguln y kaar bhu-phat
Bhyo karmakayakari viwci ceti socyate Mdhava
Prakpita vyu finding sthna saraya in asa (scapula)
and then via the kaar on the posterior side of the
shoulder creates pain right upto the fingers. All
movements of the entire upper limb are affected. Similar
to gdhras of lower limb. Treatment similar to gdhrasi

Pakghta:
Hatva eka mruta pakam dakiam vmameva v
Kuryt ce nivtti hi rujam vk stambha eva ca
Ghitv v arrrdha ir snyu viocya ca
Pda sakocayati eka hastam v toda ulanut
Ekga roga tad vidyt sarvnga sarva dehaja
Ca. Ci. 28
Dui of prna vyu
Affects activity of indriya eg. speech
Karmendriya hni on one side
Prakpita vyu sacra in any half of the body causing
oa of sir, snyu on that side
Makes sandhibandha ithila

 Movements of hands/feet affected, speech

affected mtra/mala control affected

etc

Can be affiliation of kapha or pitta.

aitya, otha, gaurav additionally seen in kaphaj
type
Dha, santpa, murccha additionally seen in pittaj
type
Purely vtaj type is most difficult to cure
Kaphaj and Pittaj types kaa sdhya
Total cure rarely seen; some udarka remains

Cikits:
Snehana sweda sayukta pakghte virecanam
Ca. Ci.28
Prna downward directed (opposite of udna)
Virecana downward directed
Sir, kaara are upadhtu of rakta related to
pitta virecana
Since virecana is quite forceful and can cause vta
prakopa itself, sneha-virecana with errand taila,
gandharva haritaki etc.
Bhya snehana, savhana, swedan with bal,
naryaa, mah-nrayaa, dhanwantarm kumbu;
swedan with nirgundi patra or erand-mla or
daamla kwth
Rakta mokaa can also be useful

 Yogaraja guggul, maha yogaraj guggulu, eknga vra

rasa, bhat vta cintman.

Sandhigata vta:
Vtapra dti spara otha sandhigate anile
Prasraa kucanayo pravtti ca savedan
Ca.Ci.28
It can be of both types upastambhita and dhtu
kaya janya.
ula and otha are prominently seen lakaa of
sandhigata vta.
Movements of joints are with noise
If chronic it destroys the sandhi
Kriy alpat, kriy hn
Whatever movements are possible are with pain
Usually seen to start with larger sandhi like jnu
(knee)

 Severe sparsahatva (tenderness), pain, a spara,

rakta vara may be present but pain is not
shifting
Cikits:
Anuloman, lepa, agnikarma common to both
Snehan, swedan but with differing oils
Medicines different
Dhtukaya janya:
Bhya and abhyantar snehan Nraya taila, bal
taila
Swedana with nirgudi, daamla kwth
Meds like lk guggulu, mah yogaaj guggulu,
pacmt loha guggulu, suvara kalpha like bhat vta
cintmai

 Poaka hra, mmsa rasa, snigdha, a

Margvarodh janya:
Usually no abhyantar snehan bhya with viagarha
taila, sahacaradi taila, unthi-vaca-lemon grass siddha
taila
Swedana
Meds like rsndi guggulu, triphala guggulu, kaior
guggulu, yogaraj guggulu, bhallatak
sava,
maharsndi kwth
Ahra that is laghu, anabhiyandi with dpana,
pcana a dravya like lana (spices)
Lepa with daanga lepa, mixture of alum, daruharidra,
rakta-candana, haridra, guggulu
Raktamokaa if pain severe esp. in avarodhatmak
saprpti

Anuloman with gandharva haritaki, eranda sneha