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Waste Awareness Wales

Printed on recycled paper

[Events recycling guide]

Contents
Introduction

i. Why recycle at events


ii. Implementing a successful recycling system
iii. Getting started
iv. Staffing
v. Quick tips for recycling success

Step 1 Commitment

1.1 Setting up a waste and recycling services content


1.2 Waste management legislation
1.2.1 Duty of Care
1.3 Waste management bond

Step 2 Events packaging

2.1 What packaging materials are recyclable?


2.2 Biodegradable catering materials
2.3 Reducing the cost of waste management
and recycling

Step 3 Event equipment

14

3.1 Events equipment


3.2 Sourcing equipment

Step 4 Waste management system

18

4.1 Formulating a waste management plan


4.2 Installation
4.3 Location/position
4.4 Clearing
4.5 Responsibility
4.6 Storage

Acknowledgements

Step 5 Standard signage

18

Step 6 Communication and promotion

20

6.1 Pre event


6.2 Before event activity
6.3 On the day activity
6.4 Post event
6.5 Media and press coverage

Step 7 Evaluation

24

Appendices

25

Waste Awareness Wales would like to


acknowledge the assistance of Resource
New South Wales Wise Waste Events
in the production of this report.
Thanks also to Network Recycling for providing
information for the Glastonbury and Ashton
Court Case Study examples, and to Powys
County Council for providing the National
Eisteddfod Case Study.

IF YOU WOULD LIKE A COPY OF THIS


DOCUMENT IN PDF FORMAT PLEASE
CONTACT US.

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

[Introduction]

This EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE has been


produced by Waste Awareness Wales[1] to help
events organisers to establish recycling as a
pre-requisite to waste management at their
event. It outlines seven steps required to
implement recycling at an event, no matter
what type of event it may be.
In much the same way as events organisers
specify strict health and safety and transport
access requirements for an event, we are
encouraging the implementation of waste
management leading to waste minimisation
and recycling as a necessary element of the
events organisation process.

To illustrate events recycling in action, this


guide contains several Case Study examples
of events within Wales and England that
have successfully implemented events
recycling.

Larger scale events commonly produce many


hundreds of tonnes of waste; this waste can
be a valuable resource, a key incentive for
events organisers to ensure that recycling
takes place.
Many of the materials that are commonly
disposed of at events, e.g. aluminium cans,
glass, paper, have a real value when they
have been collected, separated and
allocated as recyclate. The material value is
in addition to the savings that can be
realised by diverting waste away from landfill
(and its ever increasing disposal charges) in
favour of recycling.

Waste Awareness Wales www.wasteawarenesswales.org.uk is an organisation established to promote waste


reduction, reuse and recycling amongst all sectors of the community. The WAW programme is co-ordinated by the
Welsh Local Government Association and Keep Wales Tidy and is funded by the Welsh Assembly Government.

[1]

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

[Introduction]

i. Why recycle at events


Large scale public entertainment events
create huge amounts of rubbish and litter.
Whether its a sports game, music festival
or street parade wherever large numbers
of the public are drawn a similar amount of
waste is left in their wake.
Rubbish is created mainly due to the
presence of food and vendors selling their
products in disposable food trays, bottles
and cups.
This Events Recycling Guide outlines many
simple and cost effective ways that events
organisers can work with their waste
management provider, food stalls and the
public to hold cleaner, greener events whilst
saving tonnes of rubbish from landfill by
turning them into valuable resources.
The price of collection either by local
authorities or private companies of materials
for recycling particularly when it has been
sorted and segregate, and their resultant
value as a resource, should prove favourable
against the cost of disposal to land fill. The
cost of disposal of waste to landfill is ever
increasing and is highly unsustainable.
Generally the cost of disposal of waste
involves a collection cost and a disposal
cost in the case of recycling only a
collection charge is paid. In some cases
there may be no cost if the material for
recycling is valuable e.g. aluminium.
This guide offers event organisers a
framework within which to plan and
implement an effective waste management
and recycling program at their event.

Whether you are planning a food festival,


cultural event, summer fete, or rock concert
there are many good reasons to recycle:
1. Recycling is beneficial to the environment
as it saves valuable natural resources and
energy
2. Recycling helps to reduce waste disposal
costs
3. Present a positive environmental image
to special event attendees who regularly
recycle at home and at work
4. Reduce landfilled waste and help Wales
meet the government set recycling target
of 40% by 2010 and beyond
5. Help support local jobs and markets
for recyclate

ii. Implementing a successful


recycling system
Your events recycling system can be as
ambitious as you want it to be, you may
choose to concentrate your system on
recycling one or two materials or you may
set yourself a recycling target of 100%!
Whatever you plan to do, we recommend
that you set yourself clear goals and targets
before you begin. These goals can vary
widely from recycling 50% of all event
waste to educating event guests about the
importance of recycling make these goals
measurable and set a benchmark for
yourself this will allow you to measure the
success of your efforts. Step 7 of this Guide
will provide you with some information on
how you can evaluate your event activities.
By quantifying how successful your events
recycling system has been, you will be able
to set even more ambitious targets in the
future, you will also be able to confidently
feedback to your stakeholders and the
public on the outcome of all your work.

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

iii. Getting started


If you have a long established and reliable
waste disposal provider you may not
necessarily have to dispense with their
services to implement events recycling. In
the first instance you should look at working
with this provider to see if they are prepared
to provide recycling facilities at your event,
you may find that they are happy to expand
their existing service to include recycling.
However, if your chosen venue does not have
recycling facilities, nor are they prepared to
provide such facilities, you may choose to
set some up yourself.
With a small amount of research, you should
be able to find a waste haulier who is able
to provide recycling facilities or contact
your local authority to see if they are able
to provide your event venue with a recycling
service. You may find that your local
authority waste team is able to provide you
with details of recycling facilities in the area
the events is to be held.
Of course to be truly sustainable, recycling
is just one of the many aspects an events
organiser should consider to help reduce the
impact of an event on the local environment.
Other aspects such as supporting local
trade, ensuring access to individuals of all
abilities, good public transport provision
and energy efficiency are issues worth
addressing.

Sustainable Wales, www.sustainablewales.


org.uk have produced a Best Practice Event
Planning Guide called Simply the Best!
which outlines a checklist that is intended
to serve as a guide to operating people
sensitive and environment-sensitive
conferences.
By adopting sound purchasing and
packaging policies, waste and recycling
collection services and clean up practices
at an event it demonstrates a clear message
to visitors that the local authority/
community in which that even takes
place has a responsible attitude towards
Waste Management and is committed
to sustainable practices.
Special events are particular in their
temporary nature and generate a high
volume of disposable materials. Event
recycling aims to divert the maximum
amount of material from being sent to
landfill so that it can be reused as a
valuable resource.

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

[Introduction]

iv. Staffing
This report outlines Case Studies where
events recycling services and facilities have
been staffed successfully by a combination
of events management staff, local council
staff, a team of staff from an independent
events recycling agency, Volunteer staff in
return for free entry to an event and
members of local Community Recycling
Groups.
Cylch, the Wales Community Recycling
Network have commissioned a study that
examines the current levels of event
recycling in Wales and looks at the issues
surrounding its development. It makes
suggestions as to how Cylch and its network
of member organisations might take action
to help increase events recycling in Wales.
Cylch will establish links with existing events
recycling providers in the UK such as
Network Recycling and their Community
Recycling Members to look to establish a
strategic and joint approach to implementing
recycling as an added value component of
an integrated waste management service at
major events in Wales. For more information
about the development work of Cylch
please contact their main offices on
029 20647 015 or visit their web site
www.cylch.org

v. Quick tips for recycling success:

Make recycling containers stand out and


look different from Rubbish bins. Label
containers with large, clear and specific
wording. A colourful sign, flag or pole helps
identify recycling locations. See
Case Study 1 in the Appendix.

Place recycling and rubbish containers


together at well-travelled and highly
frequented locations such as near food
stalls, toilets, entrances and exits.
Remember; guests are unlikely to go out of
their way to recycle if a rubbish bin is more
convenient. See Case Studies 2 and 3 in
the Appendix.

Designate a recycling monitor monitoring


recycling locations will help to reduce the
level of waste contamination.

If you are selling beverages, choose


containers that can be recycled easily
locally such as aluminium, glass and plastic
bottles. Often plastic cups cannot be
recycled locally.

Donate any left over edible food to a local


charity who can distribute it to the needy
for example the Charity Crisis (0870 011
3334) runs a scheme called Fairshare
which is able to make use of food
donations,
www.crisis.org.uk/projects/crisis_fareshare.
php

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

>

steps ]
to events
recycling
The following seven steps have been outlined to
act as a guide to implementing an effective
Events Recycling system.
Step 1 Commitment
Step 2 Events Packaging
Step 3 Event Equipment
Step 4 Waste Management System
Step 5 Standard Signage
Step 6 Communication and Promotion
Step 7 Evaluation

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

STEP 1
[Commitment]

While it makes sense to recycle at your


event, it will not succeed unless firm
policies are in place for others to follow.
If your event is run by a committee, ensure
that your actions have their full support.

1.1 Setting up a waste and


recycling services contract

What should a waste and recycling


services contract cover?

That all designated recyclable materials


are collected, sorted, stored and delivered
to pre-arranged recycling
facilities/destinations

Documentation of recycling and waste


disposal tonnages and volumes (receipts
from weighbridges) are obtained this will
help to establish approximate recycling
diversion data.

Bin quantities, signage, bin colours,


recycling station equipment, set up
of waste facilities at the event

Bin placement, stall layout and breakdown

Bin collection times, staffing and


frequency

Pickup service from stallholders of e.g.


cardboard and bulk containers/preconsumer waste, cooking oil.

Location, set up and running of waste


depot on site

Emptying of existing bins pre event

Post event cleanup to return venue


to original state

This can be as simple as inserting a clause


into existing event application/contract/
agreements.

Example 1. A Council clause


A Council Clause could be implemented
requiring that any event seeking permission
to be held within a Council regulated area is
required to prepare a waste management
plan for the event this will outline how
waste will be managed in the event site i.e.
recycled, land filled. Ensure as a minimum
that a recycling clause is included in the
management plan.
Alternatively, for a local authority organised
event, the council might develop their own
recycling/sustainable waste management
strategy for the event in line with existing
waste management services in their area.

Example 2.
An event management clause
The event manager/organiser can specify
that All suppliers and sponsors to the
event are required to provide services
and materials in line with the event waste
management and recycling programme
on site for example, Glastonbury festival
organisers ensured that all vendors used
only biodegradable materials such as paper
food trays and cups and wooden cutlery to
facilitate composting (see Case Study 2 in
Appendix).

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

1.2 Waste management


legislation
Recycling waste in any situation is an
extremely positive step but it must be
noted that until it has been reprocessed
into a new product it is still perceived as
a waste material.
Strict legislation exists that regulates
the management of waste materials,
(i.e. handling, storage, transport, treatment
and disposal) this legislation must be
taken into account and followed when
organising waste management at an event.
During an event, especially if it is very large
scale or held over a number of days, it is
likely that large amounts of waste and
recycled materials will be stored on the
site until it can be removed for disposal or
reprocessing. Due to this storage of waste
on site, an event organiser will have to
approach the Environment Agency as
regulator and the local authority to enquire
whether a Waste Management Licence or
an exemption to this licence is required.
Any event organiser should investigate
whether a Waste Management Licence
is required at least 3 months before the
event begins.

1.2.1 Duty of Care


Any party dealing with waste materials
(and this includes materials segregated
for recycling) has a legal responsibility or
Duty of Care to manage those materials
responsibly. For example, the correct waste
carrier licences must be held by any party
collecting, storing or transporting waste
materials, and all waste transfer notes
must be completed correctly and copies
are retained for auditing purposes.
The event organiser should also ensure as
part of their Duty of Care that the sites to
which their waste and recycled materials

are being sent also hold a valid Waste


Management Licence by requesting to
see a copy.
If you are in any doubt as to your legal
responsibilities contact your local authority
waste management department or the
Environment Agency for guidance.

1.3 Waste management bond


This is an option for event organisers to
consider using to ensure waste management
compliance by stallholders. A waste
management bond can be charged as a
surplus to the rental space and refunded on
approval by the event manager or delegated
authority post inspection that a stall holder
has complied with any waste management
conditions set against , i.e. maintaining a
litter free zone around their surrounding
area, use of recyclable food trays, cups
and cutlery provided etc.
For more popular and established events
such as Glastonbury, the threat of the events
organiser not allowing a stallholder to return
to trade at future events is often incentive
enough.

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

STEP 2
[Events Packaging]

It is important to assess the types of


waste that are likely to be generated at
the event; typical materials include events
programmes, beverage containers and
food wrappers. It will make recycling at
your event much easier if you have
controlled the types of materials used on
site to ensure that they can be recycled
using local recycling facilities.
By controlling and specifying the materials
to be used by your suppliers, caterers, stall
holders and retailers, you will be able to use
packaging that suits your events recycling
system, this element of material control has
worked effectively at the Glastonbury
festival, see Case Study 2 in the Appendix.

Often, it is not practical to segregate and


recycle plastic for example. In addition
materials such as polystyrene break up
easily and is very hard to clear up after the
event, some materials may be hazardous
such as glass bottles and as such an events
organiser may choose to ban this material
from the site altogether.
It should be noted that not all packaging
materials are easily recyclable.

2.1 What packaging materials are recyclable?*


YES RECYCLABLE *

NO NOT RECYCLABLE*

Aluminium Cans
Aluminium foil wrap and Trays
Steel Cans
Polystyrene
Glass Bottles
Shrink and Cling Wrap
PET Plastic containers
Plastic plates and cutlery
(clear plastic with no.1 sign on underside)
HDPE plastic containers (opaque plastic
Composite material containers
with no. 2 sign on underside)
Paper including magazines and flyers
Tetra pak (e.g. fruit juice, long life milk)
Cardboard
See table 2.3 below for more details
*Amend as appropriate to the recycling facilities available in
the area the event is to be held

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

2.2 Biodegradable catering materials


Below are images of high quality biodegradable
alternatives to the usual plastic offerings often
supplied at events. The internet is a great source
of information when looking for catering material
suppliers.

> Wooden cutlery A biodegradable alternative to plastic.

Images reproduced with kind permission from www.ripplecups.com

> Paper cups and paper plates are not only

> Cornstarch cutlery, another example of a biodegradable

alternative to plastic.
Images reproduced with kind permission from
www.manufactum.co.uk

biodegradable but can easily be printed to include


advertising or event branding. See Case Study 2.
Images reproduced with kind permission from
www.ripplecups.com

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

STEP 2
[Events Packaging]

2.3 Reducing the cost of waste


management and recycling:

If available use local community groups


to provide staff to collect and sort
materials on site, better still offer
volunteers free entrance to event in
exchange for hours worked.

eliminate unnecessary packaging to avoid


additional collection and disposal fees;

match packaging to equipment used for


example lots of glass will need heavy-duty
bins;

matching packaging to existing recycling


systems and facilities available; identifying
access to recycling/composting service for
the material in your local area;

determining the feasibility of transport


costs for recyclable materials collected
at your event; and

minimising the cost of recycling and


transportation by matching packaging
used on site to your waste management
system.

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WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

Table 2.3 Equipment and handling needs of recyclable materials


MATERIAL

MARKETS FOR
RECYCLED MATERIAL

EQUIPMENT NEEDS

Aluminium
e.g drinks Cans

Strong markets exist for


used drinks cans in the
UK, Wales and overseas.
Common uses include:
engine blocks;
wheels; and
outdoor furniture

Wheelie bins are


versatile and can be
used to collect cans
either on their own or
with other materials.
For large volumes of
cans (separated from
other materials) a box
trailer may be useful.

Harm minimisation
Some sports venues
ban the sale of metal
cans for the safety of
spectators and players.

Steel Cans

Recycled back into steel


products

Wheelie bins are versatile


for collecting cans either
on their own or with other
materials.

The majority of steel will


be generated by
caterers. Consult your
chosen recycler to find
out if they want steel to
be collected separate to
other materials.

Glass
Brown
Green
Clear
Beer bottles.
Wine bottles.
Food (bottles/jars)

Bottles and jars contain


up to 20% recycled
glass.
Sand blasting
Aggregate
Local arts and crafts

Wheelie bins are versatile


and generally used to
collect glass either on its
own or with other
materials. For large
volumes of glass
(separated from other
materials) either 15 or 30
cubic metre open top
bins maybe appropriate.
Weight
Glass is a heavy
material to collect in
large volumes. This may
result in the need for
specific heavy duty
bins or trailers for
transport.

Colour
Separate bins and
storage/transport
containers may improve
the value of glass
collected consult your
recycler.

11

HANDLING NEEDS

Harm minimisation
Many organisers ban
the sale of glass
containers at events
for the safety of
spectators, performers
and local residents.

Weight of glass
People carrying bins
of glass risk back
damage.
Send mixed glass to
a Material Recovery
Facility for sorting
unless they have
specified sorting of
coloured glass on site.

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

STEP 2
[Events Packaging]

MATERIAL

MARKETS FOR
RECYCLED MATERIAL

Polyethylene terphalate
(PET Plastic)

Clear tough plastic used


in:
soft drink bottles;
beer bottles; and
cups (cold beverages).

Soft drink bottles


(multi-layer);
Pallets;
Textiles;
Household chemicals
Bottles.

EQUIPMENT NEEDS

HANDLING NEEDS

PET can be separated


from the general waste
stream either on its own
or as part of a mixed
Collection (with Glass,
Aluminium, HDPE and
Others).

If you are using the


services of a large
commercial recycler they
mayl be able to sort PET
at their Material
Recovery Facility.
If you are doing it
yourself and attempting
to maximise the price
you receive:

Separation of PET is most


effective when
equipment:
features clear signage;
makes it easy to
deposit used bottles/
cups in;
deters people
depositing unwanted
materials in with PET.

Sort into two grades:


bottles; and
cups (if able to be
recycled)
Must be separated from
contaminants (food and
unwanted materials).

If collected separately in
large volumes you may
require compacting
equipment to reduce its
volume.
High-density
polyethylene
(HDPE)
Very common plastic,
usually white or
coloured.
Used for milk and juice
bottles (white and
coloured).

Road signs and barriers


Pipes
Mobile rubbish bins
(Wheelie bins)
Crates
Pallets
Outdoor furniture

Most HDPE will be


generated by
food/beverage vendors
so it is best to provide
them with recycling bins
`back of house'.
HDPE is able to be
collected with other
materials in one bin (PET,
aluminium and possibly
glass) if your recycler
agrees.

12

If possible request
food/beverage vendors
to rinse HDPE bottles in
water before placing in
recycling bins.

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

MATERIAL

MARKETS FOR
RECYCLED MATERIAL

Liquid paperboard
Milk and juice cartons

Fine grade office paper


Cardboard
Plastic products.

EQUIPMENT NEEDS

HANDLING NEEDS

In public areas Wheelie


bins may be appropriate.

In large volumes liquidpaperboard can be


bulky.
May be collected either
separately or with other
materials - confirm with
your recycler

To help separate either


with or without other
materials use a colour
coded/sign posted bin Lid
or recycling station.
Cardboard
Food shells
Bulk packaging (boxes)

Cardboard is recycled
back into cardboard or
plasterboard lining. Most
forms of cardboard may
be composted.

In public areas Wheelie


bins may be appropriate
to collect cardboard and
paper food shells.
Caterers and vendors
cardboard boxes are
often collected in a bale
in a frame.
If the event generates
large volumes you may
require compacting
equipment.

In large volumes
cardboard can be bulky.
The majority of
cardboard will be
generated before your
event starts - this may
allow for a specific
collection before the
event.

Table adapted and reproduced with kind permission from Resource New South Wales.

13

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

STEP 3
[Event equipment]

Your selection of Event Equipment is very


important in helping the public separate
their waste into recyclable groups, and
in reducing contamination of recyclable
materials collected, i.e. plastic being
mixed with compostable materials.
The key is flexibility, have a waste manager
on site to co-ordinate, if necessary, move
bins from quieter areas and re-position them
to cover hot-spots (i.e. near thoroughfares
and food stalls).
Handy Hint: If using Wheelie bins ensure
that the bins stay together by using a rope
or chain. This will hamper stallholders
from "borrowing" the bins.

3.1 Events equipment

Colour coded/Illustrated bin caps/lids


to signpost to correct recycling bin
(see Glastonbury and Ashton Court Case
Studies in Appendix).

Colour coded 240 litre Wheelie bins or


Fully Labelled Wheelie bins (see
Eisteddfod case study, in Appendix).

Recycling cage
Can accept aluminium cans and glass
bottles. Can be placed in public areas or
back of house areas for cleaners, Low
maintenance and handling

Heavy duty square Hessian sacks ideally


with frame

Open top skip bins


For larger scale events Delivery via
heavy truck, need access from road for
delivery and collection.

Portable compactor
(Particularly useful for large amounts of
bulky materials such as cardboard/plastic)

3.2 Sourcing equipment


Your local authority may have much of the
equipment that is required, for those who do
not have equipment or are unable to provide
use of the equipment then event organisers
should approach a private waste
management company who will have a range
of waste management equipment to hold
and store waste/recycle materials effectively
and safely.
When searching for waste management
equipment/storage you should approach
either your existing waste management
provider (if applicable) your local authority or
seek a private waste company the internet
is also great source of information when
looking for suppliers of event equipment.

14

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

STEP 4
[Waste Management System]

LITTER BREEDS LITTER!


To minimise litter and encourage people
to make recycle all bins and waste
management equipment must be
positioned strategically and regularly
maintained.
Key issues to consider in designing a
management regime suited to your event
equipment and packaging material include:

4.1 Formulating a waste


management plan

4.3 Location/position
Where is the equipment going to be most
effective?
A pre event site check with the event
manager and cleaner/waste manager will
assist in bin and recycling station placement.
Some events organisers will take a plan
of their event site and plan using a grid
the location of recycling/rubbish bin stations
at an interval of e.g. 10 yards to ensure that
the public do not have to go out of their way
to use them.

A waste management plan is an effective


tool to co-ordinate efforts and
responsibilities of all participants. The plan
should be completed and distributed before
the event.

It is important to offer a general rubbish bin


in close proximity to a recycling station so
that there are all options available in one
location. This will help prevent non-recyclable
material from entering the recycling bins.

A waste management plan will be required to


be submitted by event organisers to Council
where the event takes place on Council
owned land.

Location hints:

See Appendix for examples of Waste


management templates.
Appendix 2.1: Template Waste Management .
Appendix 2.2: Kitchen and Garden festival
Appendix 2.3: Mardi Gras Launch

4.2 Installation
When is the best time to have the
equipment installed?
Move into place after the food and beverage
facilities have been installed.
Keeping the recycling station together
Try fastening the bins together with a chain,
rope or cord, so that the stations will not be
broken up and borrowed by stallholders.
Street festivals
Check the date for waste collection from
local businesses, to ensure that the shops
and businesses do not place their bins on
the pavement/ footpath for collection during
your festival.

close to where food and beverages are


consumed;

at key entry/exit points to event and


catering areas;

around to main attractions e.g. stages

beside designated pedestrian pathways;


and

on key pedestrian intersections.

4.4 Clearing
How often should the equipment be
cleared?
To be discussed with the event manager,
cleaner and equipment supplier.
Flexibility is key. Spot checks should be
carried out to locate bins that are nearly full
and cleared as required.
Determinants on clearing will include crowd
flows, the entertainment program, access to
bins, staffing numbers and shifts, vehicle
access to the site.

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WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

4.5 Responsibility

Cardboard boxes

Who is responsible for what?


It is advisable to distribute a contacts list of
all people involved in the waste management
operations and planning with a detailed
breakdown of responsibilities to avoid
confusion and duplication.

Cardboard boxes should be flattened and


emptied and stacked neatly.

A person/s should be identified who will take


responsibility for promotion of the recycling
facilities both before and during the event
they could also feed back to the public and
press about how effective the event recycling
has been.

4.6 Storage
What is the best form to store
recyclables in and why?

Plastic bottles and Aluminium


cans
Plastic bottles should be emptied, rinsed
and squashed with the lids off.
Emptying the bottles will reduce the weight
of the load and avoid liquid spraying out of
the bottles once they are baled. Recyclers
prefer to receive the plastic bottles clean
and without contamination from leftover
contents.

Flattening and emptying the boxes will


ensure that ONLY cardboard is to be
collected and flattening them will allow for
more boxes to fit in the bin. Most collections
by a commercial recycler and waste
contractor are charged by volume and not
weight. This means that you will be paying to
transport air if your boxes are not flattened.

PET plastic food containers


e.g. lunch boxes, sandwich triangles, salad
containers etc.
If you choose to allow plastic to be used on
site then all containers should be emptied
of food before placing into the recycling bin
with plastic bottles. If there is a sauce or
liquid remaining in the container it is ideal to
rinse it clean. Food contamination is difficult
for plastics recyclers to handle and should
be avoided at all costs.

Rinsing the bottles will lessen the drink


contamination.
Squashing the bottles will create more room
in the bin, allowing for a greater volume to be
collected and less chance for littering.
Lids are not made of a recyclable plastic and
can also cause accidents by exploding under
the pressure of baling the bottles.
Aluminium Cans should also be emptied
and flattened for the reasons listed above.

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STEP 5
[Standard Signage]

A set of eye catching uniform signs should


be developed for waste and recycling bins.
The signs should be clear and easy to
understand. Therefore, wherever people
go, they will quickly recognise which bin
is for which kind of waste.
When producing information literature
the audience should be taken in to
consideration, for example in Wales all
signs should be written in Welsh and
English, all signage should be clear and
concise with no technical terminology.
Keep the design simple and easy to
understand where possible try to keep
the imagery and colours used uniform
across the event site.
Examples of some of the signs that have
been used at events are shown below.
>

The eye catching


notice left has been
written bilingually to
reflect its audience;
colour coding and
imagery has been used
to indicate which bins
have been provided for
recycling and which for
rubbish.

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<

This wheelie bin lid


clearly indicates which
type of material it will
accept using Colour,
images and simple text
the small round hole
into which bottles are
to be deposited has
been designed to fit
bottles easily whilst
deterring the disposal
of other materials.

<

These plastic bin lids


feature both images
and words to show
which materials they
accept for recycling. In
addition, the hole into
which material are
placed is designed to
accept the types of
item the lid
information specifies,
i.e. cans and bottles
are posted through a
small round hole this
helps to prevent
people disposing of
other items e.g. food
trays.

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STEP 6
[Communication and Promotion]

PLANNING YOUR EVENT


Communicating your recycling activities
and systems before and during the event
will be crucial to your programs overall
success. It will alert the community to
your efforts and contribute to their positive
perception of the event.

To help raise awareness of your recycling


activities during your event, and to
acknowledge the stall holders who are
participating in your recycling activities you
should consider providing your stall holder
with stickers or posters (see example
below) to highlight their involvement with
the event recycling activities.

6.1 Pre-event
Get everyone involved!

In order to get Caterers, suppliers and


vendors involved you will need to inform
them why you are asking them to change
their packaging and waste disposal habits
at your coming event and what they will
need to do to get involved.
By providing information, stall holders will
arrive at your event aware of and prepared
to use your event recycling facilities.
(See appendix 3.1 and 3.2).

Opposite is a timetable of communication


and promotion activity you should undertake
to ensure that visitors, stallholders and all
event staff are fully aware of your recycling
and waste management activities.
Well planned communication and promotion
will help ensure the successful
implementation and participation in your
evens recycling scheme and it may even
generate some positive media coverage of
your event outside of the event activity itself.

>

Example of sticker
that highlights the
involvement of
stallholders with the
event recycling
activities.

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6.2 Before the event activity


SCHEDULE

ATTENDEES

MEDIA
(FOR GENERAL PUBLIC)

AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE
(6 MONTHS)

Incorporate event
recycling/Local Recycling
messages and artwork on
the following:
tickets;
brochures;
posters; and
advertising.

ONE MONTH BEFORE

WEEK BEFORE

Mention your events


recycling program.
in any media activities
promoting the event.
Look into having a
media launch for your
events recycling
program.
Write a media release
to introduce your
recycling program.

As above.
Launch your event
recycling program.

21

Invite media
representatives to
attend your event and
inspect your event
recycling program.

CATERERS, SUPPLIERS
AND VENDORS
Send a memo or letter
outlining your event's
commitment to
becoming Waste
Aware. Include an
overview of your
recycling program.
Hold a briefing session
to present your event
recycling program to
caterers and vendors.
This gives people time
to modify their
packaging orders and
train staff.
Send packaging
material information
out to all relevant
caterers/vendors.

Send a reminder note


to caterers, suppliers
and vendors re
packaging and new
waste management
systems.

Include a message
about the recycling
system program in any
pre-event briefing.

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

STEP 6
[Communication and
Promotion]
6.3 On the day activity
By now the public should know where to find
your recycling bins and how to separate their
waste. Stickers/signs/Posters should be
used to promote and acknowledge the
contribution and at times additional expense
of the stallholders. Acknowledgements

should include statements outlining specific


stall holder activities e.g. this stall is
recycling all of its cardboard this gives
the stall holder a boost and it allows the
public to know that waste aware activities
are in progress across the event.

SCHEDULE

ATTENDEES

BEFORE EVENT STARTS

PA announcements
Promotional tools such
as banners, signs, flyers
Street theatre with
waste aware theme

DURING EVENT

6.4 Post event

CATERERS, SUPPLIERS
AND VENDORS
Monitor waste
management practices
during set up with
volunteer team (Council
staff, green group
volunteers etc.)

Take media
representative around
your event pointing out
key aspects of your
program.

Competition or scoring
system of low waste
producers between
stalls

6.5 Media and press coverage

Gain positive media exposure for your


event through local media who may be
interested in following up on success
stories like your Waste Aware event.

Informing caterers, vendors and suppliers


of any Waste Aware achievements is an
easy way to acknowledge their support
and input.
WITHIN ONE WEEK OF
EVENT

MEDIA
(FOR GENERAL PUBLIC)

An additional benefit of your event waste


management and recycling activities is that
you should be able to generate some
positive press coverage for your event.
Pre Event press release (see Appendix 3.3)
Post Event press release (See Appendix 3.4)

Evaluate the success of


your program:

Summarise and report


findings to media.
Write a media release
to follow up and
promote your recycling
achievements.

Give copies of any


correspondence sent
to the media it is
important that caterers
and vendors are informed
about the results.

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STEP 7
[Evaluation]

Campaign evaluation
methodology
All the hard work you have put into
designing, implementing and managing your
event waste management and recycling
program needs to be assessed. e.g.

What benefits were gained?

How much material was successfully


diverted from landfill?

What additional materials could you


consider recycling during your next event?

It is recommended that you assess waste


diversion using the Rethink Rubbish Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs) see table 7.1
below. This will allow you to quantify the
effectiveness of waste reduction, reuse,
recycling, composting and litter control at

your event. It will also show where


adjustments to your plan can be made for a
better result at your next event, e.g. high
levels of litter may indicate the need for more
recycling and litter bins at more convenient
locations.
WAW have part funded research by Rethink
Rubbish to establish KPIs to measure and
monitor the effectiveness of waste recycling
campaigns. KPIs are used to:

to achieve consistency across campaigns,


monitoring and measuring, and enable
data capture

to enable more accurate assessment and


comparison of campaigns

to build a picture of national, regional and


local trends

to justify spending on awareness-raising


activities

Table 7.1: Key performance indicators


KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPI)
HARD TARGETS
(BEFORE AND AFTER
CAMPAIGN)

Percentage/tonnage waste arisings.


Recycling and composting rate in authority area.
Waste disposal rate in authority area.
Kilograms of waste collected
Participation and put out rates.
Satisfaction with recycling services.
Satisfaction with bring banks.

SOFT TARGETS
(BEFORE AND AFTER
CAMPAIGN)

Willingness to recycle waste arisings.


Numbers recycling different materials.
Awareness of recycling facilities.
Awareness of the campaign.

FURTHER SOFT
TARGETS

Website hits (detailed analysis).


Recycling-related helpline calls.
Leaflets distributed and requested.
Numbers of events, and visits to exhibition stand/display.
Opportunities to see.
Advertising value equivalent.

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STEP 7
[Evaluation]

What you need to find out to


evaluate your success:
How much waste was diverted from the
rubbish tip (in cubic metres)?
Key performance indicators:

contamination in recycling bins;

recyclables in the wrong recycling bin;

recyclables in waste bins; and

presence of litter.

This information can then be used in:

media follow-up;

cost/benefit analysis;

assessing the viability of future recycling


programs; and

assessing the impact of communications


programs and the need to change the
focus of such activities (to address issues
like contamination of recycling bins).

Good Luck with your events


recycling!

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>

appendicies ]
to the events
recycling guide
Appendix 1
Case Study 1 National Eisteddfod Meifod
Case Study 2 Glastonbury Festival
Case Study 3 Ashton Court Community Festival
Appendix 2
2.1 Template Waste Management Plan
2.2 Kitchen Fair Waste Management Plan
2.3 Mardi Gras Waste Management Plan
Appendix 3
3.1 Stall holder information
3.2 Stall holder instructions
3.3 Pre Event Press Release template
3.4 Post Event Press Release template

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

APPENDIX 1
[Case Study 1 National Eisteddfod Meifod]

Introduction
The National Eisteddfod is a week-long
Welsh language festival which takes place
annually at different locations throughout
Wales. In 2003, the Eisteddfod was located
on farm land near Meifod in Powys in rural
mid Wales. As well as a large events area
the site also has a large area for Camping
which comprises both caravans and tents.
In order for the festival to take place, the
National Eisteddfod are required to liase with
the local authority within which the festival
will be held, to organise a multitude of issues
such as planning, marketing and publicity,
emergency planning, licensing,
transportation and access, health and
safety, environmental health and waste
management.
With regards to waste management, the
Eisteddfod is required to dispose of its waste
responsibly, in line with national legislation
and taking any local requirements into
consideration, and at least cost.
In 2003, the Eisteddfod used a combination
of Powys County Council Direct Services
Organisation (DSO) and Potters Recycling, to
recycle and dispose of its waste. As part of
its liaison with the Eisteddfod, the Council
offered recycling facilities free of charge,
using funding from the allocated budget to
host the Eisteddfod and from the Councils
allocated Sustainable Waste Grant. The
Council entered into negotiations with the
Eisteddfod in November 2002, for the
Festival which took place in August 2003.

The result
In total, 1.9 tonnes of cans and plastic
bottles were collected for recycling, 0.28
tonnes of cardboard and 2.58 tonnes of
glass, giving a total of 5.28 tonnes being
recycled. There is no available data of total
waste arising.

Whilst tonnages were low, the awareness


and participation in recycling was high, which
was the prinicple aim of the Council in its
involvement in the waste management. From
the outset, the Council regarded its provision
of recycling facilities as that of an awareness
raising exercise, concentrating mainly on
high profile recycling points for cans and
plastic bottles on the site.

So how did they do it?


The Eisteddfod own and use approximately
60 green 240 litre wheel bins to capture
mixed rubbish on site. They also contracted
the DSO for the daily emptying and hiring of
12 Eurobins which were placed on the Maes
and in the campsites. Three open refuse
skips from Potters Recycling were placed in
the campsites and in the contractors service
area (secure area). The Eisteddfod waste
management staff were responsible for
emptying the contents of the green wheel
bins into the open skip in the contractors
service area.
The Eisteddfod do not allow glass on the
main site but it is permitted in the
contractors service area, the campsites and
the Young Peoples Village. There were three
catering outlets: one formal restaurant and
two areas with numerous mobile catering
units.
Taking the above into consideration, the
Council set about devising a recycling
scheme that would:

be high profile and thereby raise


awareness

capture the bulk of recyclable rubbish


from the main areas of the festival

be suitable for future events in the County.

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To do this the Council purchased:

red 240 litre lockable wheel bins printed


with the PCC recycling logo and with a
bottle aperture on the lid

red vinyl signs denoting cans and plastic


bottles only in English and Welsh
language text.

bin liners to fit the wheel bins

corrugated plastic signage to denote the


red and green colour coded scheme for
recyclables and rubbish

wooden posts to support the signs

red poloshirts with the PCC recycling logo,


as the recycling uniform for the recycling
wardens

Cans and plastic bottles


The red recycling bins were used to capture
cans and plastic bottles. Why red?! The
obvious colour for the recycling bins was
green, but this colour was currently being
used for normal rubbish collection. Red was
chosen for three reasons:

its bright and eyecatching

Powys County Councils corporate colours


are green and red

Powys cans and plastic bottle kerbside


collection bags are clear with red writing.

The Council delivered and placed the red


wheel bins on the main site, five days before
the festival was due to start. As such, the
Council was effectively given the choice of
where to place the recycling/litter points for
the festival. For each red wheel bin, a green
wheel bin was placed back-to-back with it,
and a recycling/litter sign post erected. This
high profile signage provided a focal point for
people to place their rubbish and resulted in
very little litter being dropped, and for
exhibitors to place any bulky waste at these
points, making it easier for the refuse
collectors.

> Recycling Staff

The red wheel bins were kept clean,


monitored and emptied by three Recycling
Wardens who were employed to patrol the
main site, Young Peoples Village and
campsites, during the seven days of the
festival. The Recycling Wardens worked an
8 hour day and worked shifts starting at
either 8am, 9am or 10am. The Recycling
Wardens were also equipped with litter
pickers for picking up any recyclable waste.
The full bin liners were tranpsorted to the
recycling caged skip stored in the service
contractors area, which was provided and
emptied by the Council free of charge. The
bin liners were transported either by hand,
or on a quadbike trailer utilised by the
Eisteddod waste management staff. When
full, the caged skip was transported to
Potters Recycling in Welshpool where it
was weighed and then further sorted and
sent on for reprocessing under an existing
agreement with the Council and Potters
Recycling.

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APPENDIX 1
[Case Study 1 National Eisteddfod Meifod]

Cardboard

Promotion

Where possible, the Eisteddfods waste


management staff segregated cardboard
from mixed refuse and placed in the
Councils recycling caged skip.

Other than the high visibility of the recycling


bins, the recycling message was reinforced
with the following:

Glass

b) full page advert in the brochure

A number of 240 litre wheel bins for glass


recycling were placed in the Young Peoples
Village, the campsites and the service
contractors area. These bins came from an
existing stock of bins used to capture trade
glass waste within the County. In the
campsites, the bins were clear labelled and
in the Young Peoples Village, bar staff at the
Village were requested to place glass in the
glass recycling bins. These wheel bins were
emptied daily or as when required by the
DSO using the existing kerbside recycling
vehicle utilised in the area.

a) 3m x 2m display stand in the entrance hall


c) reduce, reuse, recycle banners provided
by the Environment Agency adorning
crowd barriers around the Maes

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Costs
Recycling points:
Warden expenses
Display
Total exc internal
labour costs

3,430*
1,290
1,425
6,145

*As stated earlier, the recycling points


were designed so they could be used
again. Since the Eisteddfod, the recycling
points have been used at numerous
festivals throughout Powys and will
continue to be used in years to come and
are therefore regarded as a good
investment.

For more information on the work of Powys


County Council recycling please contact:
Recycling Team
The Waste Management Dept
Powys CC
Llandrindod Wells
Powys LD1 5LG
Tel: Help Desk 0845 6076060

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APPENDIX 1
[Case Study 2 The Glastonbury Festival 2004]

Established in 1970 the Glastonbury is the


largest outdoor music and performing arts
festival in the world set in 900 acres of the
Vale of Avalon. In the fields surrounding
the festival site is over 285 acres of
campsite with at least a further 65 acres
for caravans and camper vans with space
enough for approximately 100,000
campers.

Glastonbury festival was instructed to


produce a waste management plan which
outlined, amongst other things, its plans for
events recycling.

Although Glastonbury generates no more


rubbish than an equivalent urban population
over the same number of days, any event
that welcomes 175,000 people over 3 days
will create mountains of litter. Managing that
litter is an ongoing challenge for every event
promoter.

In addition to the segregation and separation


of plastics, metals and glass there was also
a push at Glastonbury to reduce organic
waste sent to landfill by introducing a
composting scheme.

Recently Glastobury has seen a significant


rise in the amount of material that is sent for
recycling - from 38 tonnes in 2002, to 61.7
tonnes in 2003 to over 410 tonnes in 2004.
The materials collected included, mixed cans
and plastic bottles (26.8 tonnes) scrap metal
(100 tonnes), paper and cardboard (13.32
tonnes).
For safety reasons festival goers were asked
not to bring glass to the festival, even so
over 10 tonnes of glass was recovered
with most of it coming from security
containers that stored items confiscated at
the gates.
The organisers of the Glastonbury Festival
chose to deal with its litter by giving a high
profile to recycling activity on site. Waste
management and recycling on site was
managed by Bristol Based Network
Recycling, their activities were funded and
supported by Budweiser and staffed by
volunteers.

So how did they do it?


As part of its license application granted by
Mendip District Council Regulatory Board the

During the 2004 festival organisers were


working towards a recycling target of 16%
with an aim of achieving a recycling target of
24% at future events.

To help control the types of materials being


used on the festival site and contribute
towards composting the festival organisers
requested that all food and drink traders
were made from biodegradable materials
such as paper plates and drinking cups and
wooden cutlery. ll traders were required to
buy these items from the Glastonbury event
organisers who had sourced them from one
main supplier* that had been approved by
Network Recycling.
This use of biodegradable materials has
been done for several years, the step was
originally taken to reduce the amount of
plastic on site, which once discarded breaks
up and is problematic to litter pick but now
have the added benefit of being easily
composted. These biodegradable items were
supplied to the vendors together with corn
starch bags in which to dispose of
compostable waste.
An additional benefit to providing all traders
with biodegradable food and drink
containers from a central source is that the
festival organisers were able to place their
own livery on cups (particularly to further
promote recycling).

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In addition to this, in order to maintain stall


holders cooperation in ensuring waste
management compliance, i.e. maintaining a
litter free zone around their surrounding
area, use of biodegradable food trays, cups
and cutlery provided etc, festival organisers
inform traders that if they do not comply with
the conditions (see Terms and Conditions
below) set they will not be invited back to
future festivals. This threat appears to be
enough of an incentive, and all stall holders
appear to have cooperated well.
Although Glastonbury organisers have
worked successfully with the food vendors
and stall holders operating on site to ensure
that materials used can be easily recycled
they have less control over the recycling
actions of festival goers.
Awareness raising of recycling facilities on
site played a key part in getting visitors to
the festival on board. Several approaches
were taken by festival organisers;
1. On entry to the site each visitor was
issued with a green recycling bag for
recyclable materials and a black one for
rubbish for use on the camping grounds.
2. All festival literature i.e. welcome booklet
and timetable of acts carried a request to
all visitors to use recycling facilities,
videos shown on large screens next to the
main stage played regular messages
asking festival goers to recycle at the
festival to ensure its continuing success.
3. A daily newsletter that is produced on site
for festival goers includes reminders to
recycle.
4. Twelve thousand recycling and general
waste bins were situated at regular
intervals through out the site to help make
recycling as easy and convenient as
possible. Each bin had been made from
an oil drum individually painted with
original artwork to look bright, colourful
and eye catching.

<

Example of branded
paper cup used on the
Glastonbury site.

[EXTRACT from terms and


Conditions for trading
at GLASTONBURY]
Food traders must use compostable,
biodegradable disposables. A
wholesaler providing appropriate
disposables, including wooden cutlery,
is on site for traders during the event.
Should a trader bring on site, or use,
polystyrene disposables, plastic cutlery
or other environmentally unfriendly
disposables, they will not be permitted
to continue trading.
Rubbish. Traders are responsible for
keeping both the 10 metre area in front
of their stalls as well as their back of
market space tidy and free of rubbish.
Traders must leave their site as they
found it. All rubbish must be put into
the appropriate skips or waste fluid
containers. Hired refrigerators must be
emptied out before the trader leaves
site. Traders leaving any rubbish,
refrigerators, furniture, equipment or
structures will be charged for the cost
of clearing their site and disposing of
the rubbish and may not be invited
to trade at future

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APPENDIX 1
[Case Study 2 The Glastonbury Festival 2004]

> (From L to R: ) Food, paper and plates for composting, Cans and Plastic bottles, all other waste

Details of which materials are be disposed of


into each bin are detailed using simple and
cost effective Colour coded lids made from
plastic sheet each with a corresponding hole
at the top depending on what type of
materials is to be disposed of. The plastic
bin lids denote which materials are to be
disposed of into which bins;

5. Volunteer* workers for Network Recycling


who litter pick and empty and re-bag
recycling bins wear T-shirts and tabards
clearly marked with a recycling message.
The staff represent the face of recycling
at the festival.
*Staff volunteered their time in exchange
for free entry into the festival (costs 112
for a ticket) each worker had to complete
a total of 24 hours work over the course of
the four day festival.

Behind the scenes

> View of the festivals brightly decorated

recycling and litter bins complete with lids

Sorted materials are much more valuable


than mixed materials, so once bags of
rubbish have been collected they need to be
sorted and separated for collection by
recycling companies.
Glastonbury allocated Network Recycling a
compound into which all waste materials
were stored and the recyclable materials
segregated.
The compound was small and ideally
Network Recycling would have preferred a
larger working area based around a
horseshoe entrance and exit layout.

> Volunteer Recycling staff in their recyclinguniforms

The compound was situated in full view of


the public (so they could see that something

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pro-active was being done with the


recyclable materials they had helped
segregate from the general waste stream).
Collected materials (collected from bins
around the site and as a result of litter
picking) would be collected by volunteers
and delivered into the compound on a
tractor trailer and deposited in a pile.
Each bag was systematically emptied on to
one of three conveyor belts to be sorted into
separate waste streams (Glass, Plastics and
Metals, Compostables) any remaining waste
materials were placed in a skip for disposal.
The plastic bottles were left mixed with
metals, the reason for this was due to the
fact that the disposal of plastic bottles is
expensive, to offset this expense the mixed
plastic and metal was taken for free in
exchange for the valuable aluminium
content.

Outcomes:
By recycling the 410.44 tonnes of
waste Glastobury organisers saved
between 12,313 and 14,364 in waste
disposal charges, (assuming a general
charge of between 30 and 35 per tonne
to dispose of waste to landfill).

Breakdown of waste materials


collected at the 2004 Glastonbury
festival
Materials collected for recycling
Glass
Mixed cans and plastic bottles
Card
Chipped wood
Scrap metal
Compost
Total recycled
Waste to landfill
Total combined waste

Tonnes
10.32
26.8
13.32
150
100
110
410.44
850
1260.44

Percentage of waste recycled = 32.56%


As part of their 2004 License agreement
Glastonbury festival organisers had been
set a recycling target of 16%. Due to the
effective events recycling measures put
in place the target of 16% was not only
achieved but doubled to a recycling rate
of 32.56%.

> Volunteer staff using a conveyor system to sort piles

of collected rubbish into recyclable elements which are


placed in wheelie bins for storage until they are collected
for recycling, any residual waste is disposed of into a
refuse lorry which is kept on site
Glastonbury sourced its biodegradable
food trays, cups and cutlery from a
company called Prontopack, Tel:
0117 932 2374 Les@pronto-pack.co.uk

For more information on the work of Network


recycling please contact:
Andy Willcott, Events Manager
Network Recycling
Trelawny House
Surrey St.
BRISTOL BS2 8PS
Tel: (0117) 9422271 Fax: (0117) 9141270
www.networkrecycling.co.uk

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APPENDIX 1
[Case Study 3
Ashton Court Festival July 17 and 18th 2004]

The Ashton Court Festival (formerly know


as Bristol Community festival) is a two day,
outdoor festival, based on the Ashton
Court Estate in Bristol. It has been running
for 30 years and is held every summer.

Site planning

The festival features outdoor and tented


stages hosting a range of live music acts,
performing arts, a childrens play area, over
150 stalls selling foods and crafts from
around the world, two events bars and
fairground rides. The festival is open from
midday to 11pm on both days and has no
camping for visitors.

Using a plan of the site Bin locations were


laid out on electronic grid to ensure they
were placed at convenient distances to
ensure optimum use by members of the
pubic this helps to keep recycling rates
high and litter down. Over 100 sets of bins
(generally in 1 glass bin, 1 can bin and two
general waste bins formation) were used on
the festival site.

Setting up the waste management facilities


and infrastructure on site took the Network
Recycling team approximately 5 days and
involved the following activities;

Network Recycling has been involved in


co-ordinating the recycling and Waste
management at the Ashton Court festival
for five years waste management
responsibility at the festival includes
arrangement, planning and the provision
of all waste/recycling bins, litter picking
and site clearance as well as the disposal
of waste water and oil from food vendors.
Network Recycling were also responsible
for organising and managing waste
management staff on site.
The Ashton Court festival is a private limited
company, the festival is paid for by gate fees
(5 entry fee per person), as well as revenue
generated from advertising and sponsorship
(mainly from the Orange phone company).
Network recycling was awarded the site
waste management as their combination of
litter management and recycling had proved
cost effective during a previous festivals.

> This picture shows the frequency of bin locations

(circled in red). The frequent spacing of the bins makes


their use convenient to festival goers thus optimising
recycling and reducing litter on site.

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WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

Staffing structure
Due to the short nature of the festival and
low ticket prices (5 entrance per day) it was
not feasible to ask volunteers to work on site
in exchange for free entry to the site (as it
the case with Glastonbury) therefore Staff at
this event were paid.
Staff worked seven or eight hour shifts which
ran from 10 am to 11pm, and 12pm to 7am
each day (and in the days prior to and after
the event) and were paid a rate of
approximately 5.50-6.50 per hour for litter
picking and material sorting duties. Wages
were paid for by Network Recycling.

> Additional large (1100 litre) wheelie bins for collection


of waste produced by food vendors were rented from a
private waste management company.

Although Network Recycling did not place


restrictions on the types materials that could
be used on site (i.e. plastic drinks cups,
polystyrene etc) printed information was
distributed to all traders and stall holders
prior to the festival giving them information
on the waste management system together
with advice on how to make recycling easier.

Waste management on site


All of the bins on site were owned by Network
Recycling, many of these bins had been
bought second hand as this was very cost
effective.
Network Recycling had responsibility for the
management of all waste produced on site,
including waste water and waste oil,
irrespective of whether it was recycled or
disposed of to landfill.

> Wheelie bins used with colour coded plastic


corrugated correx lids detailing which material to be
placed in which bin.
black general waste, red cans, green glass

Network Recycling staff carried out regular


inspections of the whole site to ensure that
waste was being stored correctly and to
assess whether any bins needed emptying.
The Network Recycling staff also liaised
closely with on site stall holders, providing
them with regular deliveries of bin bags to
store waste and arranging waste
collections/disposals, as necessary.

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APPENDIX 1
[Case Study 3
Ashton Court Festival July 17 and 18th 2004]

The Litter picking teams tended to operate at


night after the festival had closed for night;
this allowed them to segregate materials out
for recycling whilst picking the litter.
Compound has large lockable skips (one for
cardboard and two for general waste in case
skip lorry fills and needs to be emptied)
All waste collected from the festival site was
taken to a designated waste compound at
the rear of the site.

Outcomes:
By recycling the 5.64 tonnes of the
metal and glass waste generated at the
Ashton Court Festival organisers saved
between 969 and 997 on waste
management costs. Of this between 169
and 197 was saved in waste disposal
charges, assuming a general charge of
between 30 and 35 per tonne to dispose
of waste to landfill. The value of the
materials recycled came to approx 730 for
the metal and 70 for the glass.

Breakdown of waste materials


collected at the 2004 Ashton
Court festival

> Transit van size vehicle with steel cage to rear used by

Network Recycling staff on site for rubbish bag collections


and deliveries around site.

Materials collected for recycling


Glass
Steel cans
Aluminium cans
Oil (from stall holders)
Total recycled
Waste to landfill
Total combined waste

Tonnes
3.38
0.7
1.06
0.5
5.64
32.4
38.04

Percentage of waste recycled = 14.83%


For more information on the work of Network
recycling please contact:
Andy Willcott
Network Recycling
Trelawny House
Surrey St.
BRISTOL BS2 8PS
Tel: (0117) 9422271 Fax: (0117) 9141270
www.networkrecycling.co.uk

> The waste compound comprised of a cordoned off area

for the storage of recyclable materials and a refuse lorry


for the disposal of general waste to landfill.

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WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

APPENDIX 2
[2.1 Template Waste Management Plan]

1. Event details
Name of Event:
Date(s):
Time:
Address of venue:
Anticipated crowd size:
Event activities:
Venue Description:
Venue crowd capacity:
Existing facilities:
Other relevant information:

2. Catering (add additional lines as necessary)


FOOD OR DRINK TYPE
TYPE
E.g. hot chips

PACKAGING OR TABLEWARE

MATERIAL

Cups and bags

Paper

3. Activity wastes (add additional lines as necessary)


ACTIVITY

WASTE TYPES

E.g. novelty stores

Cardboard boxes

4. Catering wastes (add additional lines as necessary)


STALL TYPE

WASTE TYPES

E.g. hamburger shop

Cardboard boxes, food scraps, serviettes etc

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APPENDIX 2
[2.1 Template Waste Management Plan]

5. Waste generation and quantities


(please outline this and following points)
(what, where, when, how much,..)

6. Waste stations
(what for, how many)

7. Waste station locations


(where, when)

8. Promotion of waste system/handling


(how announced, by whom)
ACTION

WHO

DONE
(Tick)

WHO

DONE
(Tick)

Write media release and issue to local media


Arrange for signage (translations if necessary)
Educate stallholders of waste system via
presentation/flyer/phone
Script announcements for PA or Master of Ceremonies
Develop competition
Include waste minimisation initiatives in
advertising feature of event
Arrange for local Council, community group,
waste board stall to promote recycling at
event/public education

9. Activities required before the event


(by whom, by when)
ACTION
Order bin caps
Obtain labels
Arrange for collection of bin caps
Empty existing bins before event
Remove stand alone garbage bins
Cover up existing bins
Set up waste stations at predetermined location
Link/bind waste station bins together
Check on bin location and signage
Arrange packaging plan

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10. Waste management during the event


(by whom, by when)
ACTION

WHO

Monitor set up waste performance


Educate/remind stallholders as necessary
Master of Ceremonies read announcements re waste
Monitor waste and recycling bin content quantities
Arrange bin cleaning/collection schedule
Empty existing bins before event
Remove stand alone garbage bins
Cover up existing bins
Set up waste stations
Link/bind waste station bins together

11. Waste management after the event


(by whom, by when)

12. Contact List


(who, phone number, area of responsibility)

13. Performance review


(results, conclusions, recommendations)

14. Attachment(s)
(e.g. briefing notes, phone interviews, stallholder responses etc.)

39

DONE
(Tick)

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

APPENDIX 2
[2.2 Kitchen and Garden Festival 2001
Waste Management Plan]

1. Event details
Name of Event:

Kitchen and Garden Festival

Date(s):

Saturday March 24 and Sunday March 25, 2001

Time:

10:00am 5:00pm

Address of venue:

Vaucluse House, Wentworth Rd

Anticipated crowd size: Up to 6,000


Event activities:

The Kitchen Garden Festival returns to Vaucluse House in 2001


with a celebration of the estate's reinstated 19th century kitchen
garden.
Tastings, cooking demonstrations, a produce market featuring
heritage, organic and hydroponic vegetables, historical displays
and gardening products. This is a rare opportunity to taste,
purchase and learn how to grow veggies of the 1800s.
Talks, garden tours, kids activities craft

Venue Description:

The Vaucluse House property is a Historic Houses trust site


which runs tours of the house and gardens.
There is a permanent restaurant/function centre and caf where
food and drinks will be served during the festival.
Stalls displaying fresh produce will fill the stables and the
Southern end of the park, which will also feature a tent for
presentations. Demonstration chefs sites will be located
alongside the Kitchen Gardens
6 Food and drink stalls will serve a variety of snacks.
The event attracts families, gardening and cooking enthusiasts.
There is public parking on the site and in nearby streets. This
will be inadequate for the large number of expected patrons.

Venue crowd capacity:

10,000

Existing facilities:

A number of general rubbish bins. The historic houses trust use


55 litre bins for events and provide them to stallholders. The
HHT employ staff that are responsible for cleaning and
transporting of refuse bags/55 litre bins to the waste compound
area.

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Other relevant
Boards information:

Jane Mulock approached the Council and the Waste


for assistance and met with Sonya Williams and Marcelle
Psaila in Mid February at the site.
The Waste Board supplied Jane with a list of enviro
catering packaging and suppliers for all food stalls.

2. Catering (add additional lines as necessary)


FOOD OR DRINK TYPE PACKAGING OR TABLEWARE MATERIAL TYPE
E.g. hot chips
Fresh juices
Coffee/Tea
Water
Soft drink
Sandwiches/Rolls
Cakes, biscuits
BBQ
Wine
Wine
Corn on cob
Bread rolls
Asian food

Cups and bags


Cups
Cups
Bottles
Can/bottle
Bag/serviette
Bag/serviette
Napkins
Bottles
Glasses
Stick
Serviette/bag
Envirotray

Paper
Plastic recyclable PET cups
Paper with insulation
PET plastic
Aluminium/PET plastic
Paper
Paper
Paper
Glass
Plastic recyclable PET cups
Wood
Paper
Cardboard

3. Activity wastes (add additional lines as necessary)


ACTIVITY

WASTE TYPES

E.g. novelty stores


Stallholders
Distribution of programs/flyers
Cooking demonstration samples

Cardboard boxes
Cardboard boxes
Paper
Paper Plates/Plastic cups

4. Catering wastes (add additional lines as necessary)


STALL TYPE

WASTE TYPES

E.g. hamburger shop


Juice stalls

Cardboard boxes, food scraps, serviettes etc


Cardboard boxes fruit peels and pulp
to be added to worm farm during event
Milk containers, coffee grinds, cardboard

Coffee stalls

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APPENDIX 2
[2.2 Kitchen and Garden Festival 2001
Waste Management Plan]

5. Waste generation and quantities


(what, where, when, how much,..)
Based on 2000 figures, approximately 10 cubic metres of rubbish was collected.
There was no recycling or composting last year.

6. Waste stations
(what for, how many)
The Council as part of the event sponsorship is providing 23 x 240 litre bins.
Seven bin caps will be borrowed from adjacent Council for the event. The Council
will arrange for collection and drop off of the bin caps and the Southern Waste
Board will provide signage.
The general waste bins will have stickers on them. The bins are dark grey with a
black lid. The Council will provide 7 x240 litre recycling wheelie bins. Five will be
for plastic (1 and 2 only) and 2 will be for glass. The plastics bin is orange with a
sticker on it and the glass bin is red with a sticker.
There will be 7 waste stations. These will consist of a general waste bin, a
recyclable containers bin (plastics) and a food organics and paper bin. Signage
will be a black sticker for general waste and a yellow sticker for containers
and a maroon sticker for food and paper.
Cardboard will be collected from the stallholders by the HHT staff and taken to the
waste compound area for storage.
The existing waste bins will be cleared on Wednesday morning by the refuse
collection contractor Metro Waste. The waste stream will be stored in bins or
with liners and will be stored on the site until the following Wednesday morning.
The plastics and glass bins will be collected by the Councils recycling contractor
on the Monday morning, free of charge.

7. Waste station locations


(where, when)
The recycling stations will be placed strategically next to food stalls, at eating
areas, exits, entrances and throughout the gardens.
The waste management compound will be located near the car park to ensure
easy vehicle access.

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8. Promotion of waste system/handling


(how announced, by whom)
ACTION
Arrange for signage
Educate stallholders of waste system
via presentation/flyer/phone
Script announcements for PA or
Master of Ceremonies Sonya
Send recycling information to Historic Houses trust
publicist for inclusion in media release
of Fri March 23

WHO

DONE
(Tick)

Jane/Sonya/
Marcelle
Jane

X
X

Sonya
Sonya

9. Activities required before the event


(by whom, by when)
ACTION

WHO

Empty existing bins before event (Wednesday am)


Set up waste stations at predetermined location
Check on bin location and signage
Liaise with caterers re packaging
Co-ordinate with Graeme Vagg for on site worm farm
Co-ordinate with Council for receipt of compost
Co-ordinate for transport of compost to Council site

HHT/contractor
WMC
Sonya/Marcelle
Jane
Sonya
Sonya
Sonya/HHT

DONE
(Tick)

X
X
X

10. Waste management during the event


(by whom, by when)
ACTION
Monitor set up/waste performance
Educate/remind stallholders as necessary
Master of Ceremonies read
announcements re: waste
Monitor waste and recycling bin content quantities
Arrange bin cleaning/collection schedule
Collection of organic waste and feeding/
demonstration into worm farm
Collection of Waste/Recyclables
Wed/Mon morning

WHO
Marcelle/Sonya
Jane/Cleaners
Jane
HHT cleaners
HHT/Waste
contractor
Graeme Vagg
WM/Metro
waste

43

DONE
(Tick)

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

APPENDIX 2
[2.2 Kitchen and Garden Festival 2001
Waste Management Plan]

11. Waste management after the event


(by whom, by when)
ACTION

WHO

Cleaning litter picking, emptying of rubbish


into designated container in compound
Collection of co-mingled recyclables
from skip bins containers (Monday am)
Collection of rubbish from skip bins (Wed am)
Transfer of recyclables to
Materials Recovery Facility
Write media release and issue to local media
Provision of final report including data,
contamination rates, future recommendations
Accompany compost and trays to Council
and oversee processing

DONE
(Tick)

HHT cleaners
WMC
Metro Waste
WMC
Jane/Sonya/
Marcelle/Dawn
Metro Waste/
Jane
Council/
Marcelle

12. Contact list


(who, phone number, area of responsibility)
PERSON

CONTACT NO.S

AREA OF
RESPONSIBILITY/ORGANISATION

Sonya Williams

0123 456 789

Marcelle Psaila

0123 456 789

Jane Mulock
Mark Wood

0123 456 789


0123 456 789

Graeme Vagg
Rick Lewis

0987 654 321


000 111 222
0123 456 789
0123 456 789

Program Manager, Event Waste Min


Southern Sydney Waste Board
Waste Education Officer,
Woollahra Municipal Council
Event Organiser, Historic Houses Trust
Waste Operations Manager
Woollahra Municipal Council
Metro Waste
Historic Houses Trust Cleaner
Worm farm operator
Manly Council worm farm operator

13. Performance review


(results, conclusions, recommendations)

14. Attachment(s)
(eg briefing notes, phone interviews, stallholder responses,
Observational Approach and DBI)

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APPENDIX 2
[2.3 Mardi Gras Launch Waste Management Plan]

1. Event details
Name of Event:

Mardi Gras Season Launch

Date(s):

Friday February 9, 2001

Time:

5.30pm 11.00pm

Address of venue:

Opera House Southern Forecourt

Anticipated Crowd size: 10,000


Event activities:

5pm Bar opens


8.15pm Speeches and entertainment from stage commences
9.30pm Event closes

Venue description:

The area will feature a stage at the eastern end toward main
steps with a large video screen. Crowd areas will be
barricaded. Two refreshment marquees will serve food and
drinks, plus there will be a merchandise marquee and guest
bar. A row of port-a-loos will line the entrance to the Botanic
gardens.
Patrons will site on the stairs and on the ground of the
forecourt as well as on existing seats near the Southern
boundary.

Venue crowd capacity:

15,000

Existing facilities:

A number of litter bins along the boundaries

Other relevant
information:

Sodexho are event caterers, Cleanevent are the contract


dealers and VISY special events the event recyclers Patrons
are permitted to bring their own food in a picnic style
atmosphere. Some glass will enter the venue this way.

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APPENDIX 2
[2.3 Mardi Gras Launch Waste
Management Plan]

2. Catering (add additional lines as necessary)


FOOD OR DRINK TYPE PACKAGING OR TABLEWARE MATERIAL TYPE
E.g. hot chips
Alco pop style drinks

Cups and bags


Bottles

Champagne

Bottles (full size and mini)

Water
Beer
Beer
Carbonated drinks
BBQ Food
Candy Floss
Ice creams

Bottles
Can
Bottle
Cans
Serviettes / paper bag
Stick
Wrappers, stick

Paper
Glass (poured into
plastic PET cups at bar)
Glass (poured into
plastic PET cups at bar)
PET plastic
Aluminium
PET plastic
Aluminium
Disposable paper
Wood
Foil and paper/wood

3. Activity wastes (add additional lines as necessary)


ACTIVITY

WASTE TYPES

E.g. novelty stores


Distribution of programs

Cardboard boxes
Paper

4. Catering wastes (add additional lines as necessary)


STALL TYPE

WASTE TYPES

E.g. hamburger shop


Merchandising marquee
Guest bar
Refreshment marquee

Cardboard boxes, food scraps, serviettes etc


Cardboard boxes
Glass bottles, cardboard
Glass bottles, cardboard

5. Waste generation and quantities


(please outline this and following points)
(what, where, when, how much,)
Based on 2000 figures, by weight 850kg of recyclable containers were collected
predominantly PET bottles and aluminium cans and 600kg of rubbish. On a volume
basis the recyclable containers represented approx 70% of the total volume.

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6. Waste stations
(what for, how many)
25 recycling stations each consisting of a bin cap placed over 3.240L wheelie
bins. Signage will be a black sticker for general waste and a yellow sticker for
plastic, glass and aluminium.
Visy to collect cardboard from stallholders
3 Bins will be provided by VISY for internal use in the bar tents

7. Waste station locations


(where, when)
The recycling stations will be placed strategically next to refreshment marquees, at
eating areas, exits, entrances and throughout the forecourt area.
The waste compound area will be located behind the portaloos trailers will store
the recyclables and rubbish here.

8. Promotion of waste system/handling


(how announced, by whom)
ACTION
Arrange for signage
Educate stallholders of waste system
via presentation/flyer/phone
Script announcements for PA or
Master of Ceremonies

WHO

DONE
(Tick)

Geoff
Geoff/Mark
Phil/Sonya

9. Activities required before event


(by whom, by when)
ACTION
Empty existing bins before event
Cover up existing bins
Set up waste stations at predetermined location
Check on bin location and signage
Liaise with caterers re packaging

WHO

Mark/Geoff
Geoff
Geoff/Sonya
Sonya

47

DONE
(Tick)

WASTE AWARENESS WALES > EVENTS RECYCLING GUIDE

APPENDIX 2
[2.3 Mardi Gras Launch Waste
Management Plan]

10. Waste management during event


(by whom, by when)
ACTION

WHO

Monitor set up waste performance


Educate/remind stallholders as necessary
Master of Ceremonies read
announcements re: wasteMark
Monitor waste and recycling bin content quantities
Arrange bin cleaning/collection schedule

DONE
(Tick)

Sonya
Sonya/Mark
Mark
Geoff
Geoff/Ray

11. Waste management after the event


(by whom, by when)
ACTION

WHO

Post event clean (5 workers and 1 supervisor)


Collection of commingled recyclables
Transfer of recyclables to MRF
Collection of rubbish
Write media release and issue to local media
Provision of final report including data,
contamination rates

DONE
(Tick)

Cleanevent
Geoff
Geoff
Geoff
Sonya/Mark
Geoff

12. Contract list


(who, phone number, area of responsibility)
PERSON
ORGANISATION

CONTACT NO.S

AREA OF
RESPONSIBILITY

Phil Ventham

0123 456 789

Mark Fordham
Nicola Leeming
David Quade
Geoff Gerard
Ray Buckland
Sonya Williams

0123 456 789


0123 456 789
0123 456 789
0123 456 789
0123 456 789
0123 456 789

Sponsorship and business development


Manager Mardi Gras
Manager Mardi Gras Launch
Opera House Event Manager
Sodexho Catering
Visy special events
Cleanevent Manger
Southern Waste Board

13. Performance review


(results, conclusions, recommendations)

14. Attachment(s)
(eg briefing notes, phone interviews, stallholder responses)

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APPENDIX 3
[3.1 Handy Hints on how to save money
and reduce waste be Waste Wise!]

Avoid unnecessary packaging in setting up your stall


Do you really need?
Straws

Pre packaged sugar

packaged single portion condiments

bags

You could:
ask your customers if they need a straw, a bag, sauce etc rather than providing
them automatically

provide condiments in reusable containers

Reuse containers, boxes and bags youve used to transport food, drink, clothes
and other items

Recycle Please!

separate all packaging cardboard you are not reusing for collection

recycle bottles, cans and recyclable plastics in the recycling bins provided on site

provide a container for your used oil and take home, or place in the allocated
central location for recycling (where provided).

Thank you for participating in our Events Recycling

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APPENDIX 3
[3.2 Waste Management at our Event]

As Event organisers we recognise the need for effective waste minimisation and
management for all sectors of the community.
We would like to encourage all businesses associated with our Event to be Waste Aware.
You can avoid unnecessary packaging by:
using reusable containers, glasses and cups (eg crockery)

using takeaway packaging in accordance with the Event Packaging Material Guide
(see below).

ask your customers if they need a straw, bag, sauce, etc rather than providing them
automatically

provide condiments in reusable containers

ELIMINATING AND REDUCING UNNECESSARY PACKAGING SAVES UP-FRONT COSTS IN


ADDITION TO COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL FEES.
The Local Council requires the organisers of special events to take responsibility towards the
waste management of their events, by adopting sound purchasing and packaging policies,
waste collection and recycling services.
We are currently amending our Events and Festivals Policy to include the requirement to
submit a Waste Management Plan (WMP). The WMP must comply with the Councils Event
Packaging Material Guide (see below).

Event packaging material guide


ACCEPTED

NOT
ACCEPATABLE

Paper and cardboard


Metal, ceramic or compostable
food ware (eg paper or cardboard)
PET/HDPE plastics (no. 1 and 2)
Fibre bags e.g. paper, cotton
Glass
Aluminium/Steel Cans

Polystyrene
Plastic food ware
(cups, plates, cutlery, straws etc)
Composite materials (mixes of materials)
Plastic bags

Thank you for participating in our Events Recycling

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APPENDIX 3
[3.3 Pre-event Press Release Template]

(Name of Event) BECOMES WASTE WISE/GOES GREEN


Date:
For use:
This years (name of event) will be a cleaner and more environmentally friendly occasion
thanks to a new commitment to event waste reduction.
The organisers (name) working with their (list partners e.g. traders, suppliers and
cleaning contractors) are committed to reducing the amount of waste going to landfill by
encouraging recycling (and composting) at the event.
It is anticipated that over (number of people) will attend the event on (date).
(Name) from the (event) said today, "In the past our waste was piled together and just
sent to landfill. This year, a large percentage will be successfully recycled because of our
recycling program.
"As part of our Events Recycling activity we have also focussed on waste reduction. This
will not only help from the environmental perspective by not creating unnecessary waste,
but also keep costs down for (participating businesses, stall holders, organisers)"
"The public will notice two obvious things at (name of event). Where possible, all items
sold by (stalls, traders, shops etc) will be in environmentally friendly recyclable
containers or wrap." continued (name).
"There also will be colourful recycling stations scattered throughout the (grounds, street
etc). These special stations will guide (event type e.g. festival) goers into disposing of
their waste into recyclable groups. (he/she) continued.
(Name said) that the result of all the behind the scenes effort will be a litter free (event
type), a pleasant environment for the public to enjoy all the attractions, and the
knowledge that they have organised environmentally friendly outcome.
Ends
For further information:
Contact/title

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APPENDIX 3
[3.4 Post-event Press Release Template]

WASTE AWARE EVENT A SUCCESS AT (Name of Event)


The (name of event) was a cleaner and more successful event this year than in
the past.
Through introducing their new Events recycling program, the (type of event)
dramatically reduced the amount of waste going to landfill from the event.
It was estimated that .......(units, tonnes etc) of materials, predominately
(aluminum, cardboard, plastic bottles,) were taken away by (name of contractor)
to be recycled.
"Comparing it to previous years, when everything would have ended up at the tip, it
has been a great success." said the event spokesperson (name).
Because of our Events recycling program the event was virtually litter free. "I think
the bright easy to use recycling stations reminded people to do their bit and use
the bins. I noticed lots of kids giving their parents a hand!" said (name).
"Most of the traders/stallholders also did their bit and cooperated by being
thoughtful and using recyclable wrapping and containers. By doing this it was
easier to close the loop and make the event as environmentally friendly as
possible."
The help from (list those who had an effect on our Events Recycling program
including suppliers and contractors) really convinced us that the (name of event)
is now well and truly waste aware.
Ends
For further information: (name and contact phone number)

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