PRACTICA DE GEOFISICA

1.-Calcular la frecuencia angular, si el periodo de oscilacin es de 0.025 seg y, determinar adems

la longitud de onda, si la velocidad de propagacin s de 2000m/seg.
=?

=?

T=0.025s

v=2000m/s

2.-Determinar el mdulo de elasticidad para una roca cuya densidad es de 2.5g/cc; la velocidad Vp
es de 3600 m/seg y el coeficiente de poisson es 0.25.
;

Usando la Vs, calculamos el mdulo de elasticidad

3.-Las oscilaciones armnicas simples para una propagacin de 2 seg son:

A y B, dgitos de su cdigo; A=ultimo digito; B=antepenltimo; ambos significativos. Determinar la

ecuacin de la onda superpuesta y graficas las 3 funciones.

Ahora con las 2 ondas en funcin SENO, recin podemos usar la siguiente formula:

La ecuacin para la onda superpuesta ser:

; Pero

Onda1
t
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5

250t 250t + 0.2 Cos(250t + 0.2) 3Cos(250t + 0.2)

0
0.2
0.980066578
2.940199734
50
50.2
0.99785679
2.99357037
100
100.2
0.945729229
2.837187688
150
150.2
0.827336367
2.482009101
200
200.2
0.650973747
1.952921241
250
250.2
0.428998736
1.286996207
300
300.2
0.176964666
0.530893997
350
350.2
-0.087468955
-0.262406864
400
400.2
-0.345773805
-1.037321416
450
450.2
-0.579850997
-1.73955299
500
500.2
-0.773299221
-2.319897664
550
550.2
-0.91256396
-2.73769188
600
600.2
-0.98788722
-2.963661659
650
650.2
-0.993991254
-2.981973761
700
700.2
-0.930448365
-2.791345095
750
750.2
-0.801710873
-2.40513262
800
800.2
-0.61679915
-1.85039745
850
850.2
-0.388669579
-1.166008737
900
900.2
-0.13330673
-0.39992019
950
950.2
0.131396647
0.394189942
1000
1000.2
0.386893332
1.160679995
1050
1050.2
0.615281196
1.845843589
1100
1100.2
0.800557573
2.40167272
1150
1150.2
0.929740528
2.789221583
1200
1200.2
0.993778476
2.981335427
1250
1250.2
0.98818441
2.96455323

U1
2.94019973
2.99357037
2.83718769
2.4820091
1.95292124
1.28699621
0.530894
-0.26240686
-1.03732142
-1.73955299
-2.31989766
-2.73769188
-2.96366166
-2.98197376
-2.79134509
-2.40513262
-1.85039745
-1.16600874
-0.39992019
0.39418994
1.16068
1.84584359
2.40167272
2.78922158
2.98133543
2.96455323

t
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5

U1= 3Cos(250t + 0.2)

4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4

Onda2
t
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5

250t 250t - 0.3 Sen(250t - 0.3) 8Sen(250t - 0.3)

0
-0.3 -0.295520207
-2.364161653
50
49.7 -0.535823232
-4.286585854
100
99.7 -0.738582225
-5.908657801
150
149.7 -0.889590281
-7.11672225
200
199.7 -0.978266576
-7.82613261
250
249.7 -0.998397745
-7.987181957
300
299.7 -0.948573237
-7.588585893
350
349.7 -0.832284153
-6.658273225
400
399.7 -0.657678631
-5.261429048
450
449.7
-0.43699092
-3.495927361
500
499.7 -0.185684154
-1.485473234
550
549.7
0.078633118
0.629064946
600
599.7
0.33744073
2.69952584
650
649.7
0.572604564
4.580836511
700
699.7
0.767647174
6.14117739
750
749.7
0.908902325
7.271218602
800
799.7
0.98647256
7.891780483
850
849.7
0.994922692
7.959381539
900
899.7
0.933660638
7.469285103
950
949.7
0.806978903
6.455831224
1000
999.7
0.623753816
4.990030531
1050
1049.7
0.396823583
3.174588662
1100
1099.7
0.142088737
1.136709897
1150
1149.7 -0.122601974
-0.980815793
1200
1199.7 -0.378702217
-3.029617738
1250
1249.7 -0.608267575
-4.8661406

U2
-2.36416165
-4.28658585
-5.9086578
-7.11672225
-7.82613261
-7.98718196
-7.58858589
-6.65827322
-5.26142905
-3.49592736
-1.48547323
0.62906495
2.69952584
4.58083651
6.14117739
7.2712186
7.89178048
7.95938154
7.4692851
6.45583122
4.99003053
3.17458866
1.1367099
-0.98081579
-3.02961774
-4.8661406

t
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5

U2= 8Sen(250t - 0.3)

10
8
6
4
2
0
-2 0
-4
-6
-8
-10

Onda3 (superpuesta)
t
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5

250t 250t + 0.264 Sen(250t + 0.264) 7.07Sen(250t + 0.264)

0
0.264
0.260944045
1.844874397
50
50.264
-0.001482457
-0.01048097
100
100.264
-0.263805086
-1.865101958
150
150.264
-0.507643435
-3.589039087
200
200.264
-0.715912253
-5.061499631
250
250.264
-0.874018572
-6.179311306
300
300.264
-0.970884208
-6.86415135
350
350.264
-0.999721984
-7.068034427
400
400.264
-0.958511297
-6.776674871
450
450.264
-0.850139695
-6.010487647
500
500.264
-0.682200554
-4.823157916
550
550.264
-0.466461023
-3.297879432
600
600.264
-0.218037527
-1.541525319
650
650.264
0.045663409
0.322840302
700
700.264
0.306164804
2.164585167
750
750.264
0.545213862
3.854662002
800
800.264
0.746060905
5.274650599
850
850.264
0.894632996
6.325055279
900
900.264
0.980519992
6.932276346
950
950.264
0.99770397
7.053767069
1000
1000.264
0.944980883
6.681014843
1050
1050.264
0.826044929
5.840137649
1100
1100.264
0.649229706
4.590054024
1150
1150.264
0.426924293
3.018354755
1200
1200.264
0.174705174
1.235165577
1250
1250.264
-0.089755179
-0.634569113

U
1.8448744
-0.01048097
-1.86510196
-3.58903909
-5.06149963
-6.17931131
-6.86415135
-7.06803443
-6.77667487
-6.01048765
-4.82315792
-3.29787943
-1.54152532
0.3228403
2.16458517
3.854662
5.2746506
6.32505528
6.93227635
7.05376707
6.68101484
5.84013765
4.59005402
3.01835475
1.23516558
-0.63456911

U= 7.07Sen(250t + 0.264)
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8

t
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5

4.-Determinar el ngulo de refraccin critica, si el ngulo de incidencia es de 20, 25, 30, la

Vp=2200m/s para el estrato superior y la Vs=2200m/s (mdulo de poisson=0.25, para el estrato
inferior)

Estrato superior; Vp= 2200m/s

Estrato inferior; Vs=2200m/s;

Hallando Vp para el estrato inferior:

Hallando el angulo de incidencia critica:

5.-Calcule y grafique el desplazamiento, la velocidad y la aceleracin de una partcula que se

desplaza durante 2seg (T=0.05s), bajo la siguiente ecuacin:

Hallando

Hallando la ecuacin de desplazamiento

; A=3;

Ahora para hallar la velocidad, se deriva U, respecto al tiempo

(

Reemplazando

Para calcular la oscilacin se deriva V, respecto al tiempo

(

Reemplazando

Desplazamiento
40
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66

40t

Sen(40t)

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2

0
1.2566
2.5132
3.7698
5.0264
6.283
7.5396
8.7962
10.0528
11.3094
12.566
13.8226
15.0792
16.3358
17.5924
18.849
20.1056
21.3622
22.6188
23.8754
25.132

0
0.951045063
0.587845217
-0.587695299
-0.951102316
-0.000185307
0.950987777
0.587995116
-0.58754536
-0.951159537
-0.000370614
0.950930459
0.588144994
-0.587395401
-0.951216725
-0.000555922
0.950873107
0.588294852
-0.587245422
-0.95127388
-0.000741229

U = 3Sen(40t)
0
2.853135189
1.763535652
-1.763085896
-2.853306949
-0.000555922
2.852963331
1.763985347
-1.762636079
-2.853478611
-0.001111843
2.852791376
1.764434982
-1.762186202
-2.853650175
-0.001667765
2.852619322
1.764884557
-1.761736265
-2.85382164
-0.002223686

0
2.85313519
1.76353565
-1.7630859
-2.85330695
-0.00055592
2.85296333
1.76398535
-1.76263608
-2.85347861
-0.00111184
2.85279138
1.76443498
-1.7621862
-2.85365017
-0.00166776
2.85261932
1.76488456
-1.76173626
-2.85382164
-0.00222369

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2

U = 3Sen(40t)
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Velocidad
40
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66

40t

Cos(40t)

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19

0
1.2566
2.5132
3.7698
5.0264
6.283
7.5396
8.7962
10.0528
11.3094
12.566
13.8226
15.0792
16.3358
17.5924
18.849
20.1056
21.3622
22.6188
23.8754

1
0.309052242
-0.808973424
-0.809082342
0.308876001
0.999999983
0.309228472
-0.808864478
-0.809191232
0.30869975
0.999999931
0.309404691
-0.808755504
-0.809300095
0.308523488
0.999999845
0.3095809
-0.808646503
-0.809408929
0.308347215

V= 120Cos(40t)
376.98
116.5065141
-304.9668013
-305.0078612
116.4400748
376.9799935
116.5729493
-304.9257309
-305.0489107
116.3736316
376.9799741
116.6393806
-304.88465
-305.0899497
116.3071843
376.9799417
116.7058078
-304.8435587
-305.1309782
116.2407331

376.98
116.506514
-304.966801
-305.007861
116.440075
376.979994
116.572949
-304.925731
-305.048911
116.373632
376.979974
116.639381
-304.88465
-305.08995
116.307184
376.979942
116.705808
-304.843559
-305.130978
116.240733

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19

Velocidad
500
400
300
200
100
0
-100
-200
-300
-400

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Aceleracin
40
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66
125.66

40t

Sen(40t)

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2

0
1.2566
2.5132
3.7698
5.0264
6.283
7.5396
8.7962
10.0528
11.3094
12.566
13.8226
15.0792
16.3358
17.5924
18.849
20.1056
21.3622
22.6188
23.8754
25.132

0
0.951045063
0.587845217
-0.587695299
-0.951102316
-0.000185307
0.950987777
0.587995116
-0.58754536
-0.951159537
-0.000370614
0.950930459
0.588144994
-0.587395401
-0.951216725
-0.000555922
0.950873107
0.588294852
-0.587245422
-0.95127388
-0.000741229

a= -47374.10Sen(40t)
0
-45054.90392
-27848.63811
27841.53585
45057.61624
8.778760806
-45052.19005
-27855.73942
27834.43263
45060.32702
17.55752131
-45049.47463
-27862.83977
27827.32846
45063.03625
26.33628121
-45046.75767
-27869.93916
27820.22333
45065.74393
35.11504021

0
-45054.9039
-27848.6381
27841.5358
45057.6162
8.77876081
-45052.1901
-27855.7394
27834.4326
45060.327
17.5575213
-45049.4746
-27862.8398
27827.3285
45063.0362
26.3362812
-45046.7577
-27869.9392
27820.2233
45065.7439
35.1150402

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2

Aceleracin
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
-10000 0
-20000
-30000
-40000
-50000

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25