FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

Section 1
LIMITATIONS

1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Subject

Paragraph
Number

Page
Number

Introduction ............................................................................................
Basis of Certification .............................................................................
Types of Operation ................................................................................
Passenger...........................................................................................
Cargo...................................................................................................
Flight Crew .............................................................................................
Configuration .........................................................................................
Required Equipment..........................................................................
Optional Equipment...........................................................................
Doors Open/Removed .......................................................................
Weight and Center of Gravity ...............................................................
Weight .................................................................................................
Center of Gravity................................................................................
Airspeed..................................................................................................
Altitude....................................................................................................
Maneuvering...........................................................................................
Prohibited Maneuvers .......................................................................
Climb and Descent.............................................................................
Slope Landing ....................................................................................
Height-velocity .......................................................................................
Ambient Temperatures..........................................................................
Electrical .................................................................................................
Battery.................................................................................................
Generator............................................................................................
Starter .................................................................................................
Ground Power Unit ............................................................................
Power Plant ............................................................................................
Gas Producer RPM (NI)......................................................................
Power Turbine RPM (NII) ...................................................................
Interturbine Temperature ..................................................................
Engine Torque....................................................................................
Fuel Pressure .....................................................................................
Engine Oil Pressure...........................................................................
Engine Oil Temperature ....................................................................
Combining Gearbox Oil Pressure ....................................................
Combining Gearbox Oil Temperature ..............................................

1-1 ...........
1-2 ...........
1-3 ...........
1-3-A .......
1-3-B .......
1-4 ...........
1-5 ...........
1-5-A .......
1-5-B .......
1-5-C .......
1-6 ...........
1-6-A .......
1-6-B .......
1-7 ...........
1-8 ...........
1-9 ...........
1-9-A .......
1-9-B .......
1-9-C .......
1-10 .........
1-11 .........
1-12 .........
1-12-A .....
1-12-B .....
1-12-C .....
1-12-D .....
1-13 .........
1-13-A .....
1-13-B .....
1-13-C .....
1-13-D .....
1-13-E .....
1-13-F......
1-13-G .....
1-13-H .....
1-13-I.......

1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-5
1-5
1-5
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-7
1-7
1-7
1-7
1-7
1-7
1-8
1-8
1-8
1-8
1-9
1-9
1-9

31 OCT 2007Rev. 271-1

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)

Subject

Paragraph
Number

Page
Number

Transmission .........................................................................................
Transmission Oil Pressure ...............................................................
Transmission Oil Temperature.........................................................
Mast Torque .......................................................................................
Rotor .......................................................................................................
Rotor RPM Power ON ...................................................................
Rotor RPM Power OFF..................................................................
Rotor RPM Ground Operation......................................................
Hydraulic ................................................................................................
Hydraulic Pressure ............................................................................
Hydraulic Temperature......................................................................
Fuel and Oil ............................................................................................
Fuel .....................................................................................................
Oil ........................................................................................................
Rotor Brake ............................................................................................
Landing Gear..........................................................................................
Instrument Markings and Placards ......................................................
Heater......................................................................................................
Hoist Penalty Region.............................................................................
AHRS Alignment ....................................................................................

1-14.........
1-14-A .....
1-14-B .....
1-14-C .....
1-15.........
1-15-A .....
1-15-B .....
1-15-C .....
1-16.........
1-16-A .....
1-16-B .....
1-17.........
1-17-A .....
1-17-B .....
1-18.........
1-19.........
1-20.........
1-21.........
1-22.........
1-23.........

1-9
1-9
1-9
1-9
1-10
1-10
1-10
1-10
1-10
1-10
1-11
1-11
1-11
1-11
1-11
1-11
1-11
1-11
1-11
1-12

Figure
Number

Page
Number

1-1...........

1-13

1-2...........

1-15

1-3...........
1-4...........
1-5...........
1-6...........
1-7...........

1-16
1-17
1-18
1-23
1-24

FIGURES
Subject
Gross Weight Center of Gravity Charts...............................................
WeightAltitudeTemperature Limitations for Takeoff, Landing,
and In-ground-effect Maneuvers ..........................................................
Maximum Speed Sideward and Rearward Flight, Crosswind
and Tailwind at a Hover.........................................................................
HeightVelocity Diagram (OEI).............................................................
Instrument Markings .............................................................................
Placards and Decals..............................................................................
Hoist CG Envelope ................................................................................

1-2Rev. 2618 NOV 2005

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

Section 1
LIMITATIONS

1
1-1. INTRODUCTION

limits of Gross Weight Center of Gravity

Charts (Figure 1-1).

Compliance with limitations in this section is

required by appropriate operating rules.

1-3-B.

1-2. BASIS OF CERTIFICATION

This helicopter is certified under FAR Part 29,
Category A and B.

1-3. TYPES OF OPERATION

Basic configured helicopter is approved as a
15 -p lac e h e lico p ter a n d is c e rtifi ed f or
operation under day or night VFR non-icing
conditions.
The IFR configured helicopter is certified for
Category I IFR operation during day or night
non-icing conditions.
Refer to BHT-412-FMS-62.4 for Category A
Operations.

1-3-A.

PASSENGER
NOTE

Refer to Section 5 for loading tables

to be used in weight/CG
computations.

CARGO

Maximum allowable deck loading for cargo is

100 pounds per square foot (4.9 kg/100cm2).
Deck mounted cargo tiedown fittings are
provided and have an airframe structural
capacity of 1250 pounds (567 kg) vertical and
500 pounds (226.8 kg) horizontal per fitting.
Provisions for installation of cargo tiedown
fittings are incorporated in aft cabin bulkhead
and transmission support structure and have
an airframe structural c apacity of 1 250
pounds (567 kg) at 90 to bulkhead and 500
pounds (226.8 kg) in any direction parallel to
bulkhead. Cargo shall be secured by an
approved restraint method that will not
impede access to cargo in event of
emergency.
NOTE
Refer to the applicable operating
rules for internal cargo operations.
Baggage compartment has a load limit of 400
pounds (181 kg), not to exceed 100 pounds
per square foot (4.9 kg/100 cm 2 ). Refer to
Section 5.

1-4. FLIGHT CREW

O u t b o a r d f a c i n g s e a ts s h o u l d n o t b e
occupied unless at least four forward or aft
facing passenger seats are occupied.
Above loading does not apply if cargo or a
combination of cargo and passengers are
being transported. It shall then be pilot
responsibility to ensure helicopter is properly
loaded so entire flight is conducted within

The minimum flight crew consists of one pilot

who shall operate helicopter from right crew
seat. Refer to Section 5 for minimum crew
station weight.
T h e l e ft c r e w s e a t m a y b e u s e d f o r a n
additional pilot when approved dual controls
are installed.
31 OCT 2007Rev. 271-3

BHT-412-FM-4

1-5. CONFIGURATION
1-5-A.
1-5-A-1.

REQUIRED EQUIPMENT
AFCS

AFCS shall be disengaged or operated in SAS

mode during prolonged ground operation,
except as required for AFCS check.
AHRS shall be certified only on helicopters
S/N 36248 and subsequent.
1-5-A-2.

REQUIRED EQUIPMENT IFR

Both autopilots, AP 1 and AP 2, shall be

engaged in ATT mode during flight

FAA APPROVED
When a CVR is required by the operating
rules, only headsets with a dynamic
microphone are approved. CVR operation
with other types of microphones requires FAA
approval.

1-5-C.

DOORS OPEN/REMOVED

Helicopter may be flown with doors open or

removed only with Bell Standard Interior
(412-705-501) or Bell Deluxe Interior
(412-705-500) installed. Flight operation is
approved for following alternative
configurations during VFR conditions only.
Symmetrical configurations:

Heated pitot-static system

Both crew doors removed.

Pilot windshield wiper

Both sliding doors locked open or

removed w ith both h ing ed panels
installed or removed.

Two VHF communications radios

Two navigation receivers with auxiliary
equipment appropriate to intended IFR
route of flight
DME equipment
ATC transponder
Marker beacon receiver
3-inch standby attitude indicator

Asymmetrical configurations:
Cargo doors can be opened or closed
asymmetrically to a locked position with
following restrictions:
1.

Two-way communications between

pilot and cabin crew member.

2.

All crew members and passengers

are secured with an approved
restraint.

Pilot IVSI
Force trim

NOTE

Roof window blackout curtains

EMERGENCY COMM panel, (if installed)
(single pilot only)
Digital AFCS preflight test (level 1 minimum)
shall be accomplished prior to first flight of
the day or before planned flight into IMC.

1-5-B.

OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT

Refer to appropriate Flight Manual

Supplement(s) for additional limitations,
procedures, and performance data with
optional equipment installed. See Appendix A.

1-4Rev. 2618 NOV 2005

Opening or removing doors shifts

helicopter center of gravity and
reduces VNE. Refer to Section 5 and
to airspeed limitations.

1-6. WEIGHT AND CENTER OF

GRAVITY
1-6-A.

WEIGHT

M a x i m u m g r o s s w e i g h t f o r ta k e o f f a n d
landing is 11,900 pounds (5398 kg).

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

R e f e r t o We ig h t A l t i tu d e Te m p e r a t u r e
Limitations chart (Figure 1-2) for maximum
allowable weight for takeoff, landing, and IGE
hover operation.
Minimum gross weight for flight is 6400
pounds (2903 kg).
Minimum combined crew weight at fuselage
station 47.0 is 170 pounds (77.1 kg).

1-6-B.
1-6-B-1.

CENTER OF GRAVITY
LONGITUDINAL
GRAVITY

CENTER

VNE with cargo doors opened asymmetrically

is 80 KIAS.
V NE with cargo doors in transit or in an
unlocked position is 60 KIAS.
VNE with doors symmetrically open or
removed is 60 KIAS with Bell Helicopter
installed energy attenuating passenger seats
(412-706-002).

OF

Longitudinal center of gravity limits vary from

station 130 to 144, depending on gross
weight. Refer to Gross Weight Center of
Gravity Charts (Figure 1-1).
1-6-B-2.

80 KIAS above 10,000 feet (3048 m)

pressure altitude.

LATERAL CENTER OF GRAVITY

Lateral center of gravity limits are 4.5 inches

(114.3 mm) left and right of fuselage centerline
for all gross weights.

1-7. AIRSPEED

NOTE
Asymmetric door configuration is
not authorized with energy
attenuating seats installed.
VNE with doors symmetrically open or
removed is 100 KIAS with Bell Helicopter
installed Blanket Interior (412-705-501) or
Deluxe Interior (412-705-500).
Maximum allowable airspeed for sideward or
rearward flight at or below 3000 feet HD is 35
k n o ts . S e e F i g u r e 1 - 3 f o r a d d i t i o n a l
limitations.

Minimum IFR airspeed is 60 KIAS.

Basic VNE is 140 KIAS from sea level to 3000
feet density altitude at all gross weights. VNE
decreases for ambient conditions in
accordance with airspeed limitations placard
(paragraph 1-20).
Airspeed shall not exceed 105 KIAS (or
placarded VNE, if less) when operating above
81% mast torque.

Maximum allowable tailwind or crosswind

speeds for hover operations at or below 3000
fe et H D is 3 5 kn o ts . S ee Fi gu re 1-3 fo r
additional limitations.
Refer to Critical Relative Wind Azimuths
diagram in Section 4.

1-8. ALTITUDE
NOTE

V NE with only one autopilot engaged is 115

KIAS (or placarded V N E , if less). If both
autopilots are disengaged, basic VNE applies.
VNE for steady state autorotation is:
105 KIAS at or below 10,000 feet (3048 m)
pressure altitude.

Refer to applicable operating rules

for high altitude oxygen requirements.
Maximum operating pressure altitude is
20,000 feet (6096 m).
Maximum density altitude for takeoff, landing,
and in-ground-effect maneuvers is 14,000 feet
18 NOV 2005Rev. 261-5

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

(4267 m). Refer to Weight-AltitudeTemperature Limitations chart (Figure 1-2).

Above 15,000 feet (4572 m) pressure altitude,
restart shall be attempted in manual fuel
control mode only.
Below 15,000 feet (4572 m) pressure altitude,
restart may be attempted in either manual or
automatic fuel control mode.

1-9. MANEUVERING
1-9-A.

PROHIBITED MANEUVERS

Intentional maneuvering resulting in roll

attitudes in excess of 50 angle of bank, or
pitch attitudes lower than 15 nose down or
higher than 30 nose up are prohibited.

1-9-B.

CLIMB AND DESCENT

Maximum IFR rate of climb or descent is 1000

feet per minute.

1-10. HEIGHT-VELOCITY
The height-velocity limitations are critical in
the event of single engine failure during
takeoff, landing, or other operation near the
surface (Figure 1-4). The AVOID area of the
HeightVelocity
Diagram
defines
the
combinations of airspeed and height above
ground from which a safe single engine
landing on a smooth, level, firm surface
cannot be assured.
The HeightVelocity diagram is valid only
w h e n th e We i g h t -A lt it u d e - Te m p e r a tu r e
limitations are not exceeded (Figure 1-2). The
diagram does not define the conditions which
assure continued flight following an engine
failure nor the conditions from which a safe
power off landing can be made.

1-11. AMBIENT TEMPERATURES

The maximum sea level ambient air
temperature for operation is 51.7C (125F)
and decreases with pressure altitude at the
standard lapse rate of 2C (3.6F)/1000 feet
(305 m) to 20,000 feet (6096 m).

Maximum IFR approach slope is 5.

1-9-C.

SLOPE LANDING

Minimum ambient temperature for operation

at all altitudes is -40C (-40F).
NOTE

CAUTION
SLOPE LANDINGS HAVE BEEN
DEMONSTRATED TO THE SLOPE
LANDING
LIMITS.
OTHER
CONDITIONS INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, WIND DIRECTION AND
VELOCITY, CENTER OF GRAVITY,
AND THE CONDITION OF THE
SLOPE (LOOSE ROCK, SOFT MUD,
SNOW, WET GRASS, ETC.) MAY
LIMIT MAXIMUM SLOPE TO A VALUE
LESS THAN THE PUBLISHED
LIMITS.
Slope landings are limited to 10 side slopes,
4 nose up slope, and 4 nose down slope.

1-6Rev. 2731 OCT 2007

Refer to paragraph 1-13-F, Engine Oil

Pressure.

1-12. ELECTRICAL
1-12-A. BATTERY
Maximum battery temperature is 62.8C
(1 45F), as indica ted b y illu mination of
BATTERY TEMP warning light.
WARNING
BATTERY SHALL NOT BE USED
FOR ENGINE START AFTER
ILLUMINATION OF BATTERY TEMP

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

LIGHT. BATTERY SHALL BE

REMOVED
AND
SERVICED
IN
ACCORDANCE
WITH
MANUFACTURERS INSTRUCTIONS
PRIOR TO RETURN TO SERVICE.
Minimum ambient temperature for battery
start when battery and helicopter have been
cold soaked is -25C (-13F).

1-12-B. GENERATOR
Continuous operation

0 to 75 amps

Caution

75 to 150 amps
NOTE

During OEI operation electrical loads

may have to be reduced to remain
below maximum continuous limits.
Maximum
continuous

150 amps (each)

NOTE
Ammeter needle may deflect full
scale momentarily during generator
assisted start of second engine.

1-12-C. STARTER
Starter energizing times shall be limited as
follows:
30 seconds ON
60 seconds OFF

1-13. POWER PLANT

Pratt and Whitney Aircraft of Canada, Ltd.
PT6T-3D.
NOTE
Operation in 2 1/2 minute or
continuous OEI range is intended for
emerg ency use on ly, wh en one
engine becomes inoperative due to
an actual malfunction.
Anytime an engine is operated in an OEI
range, an entry shall be made in the helicopter
logbook detailing the extent of operation in
excess of twin engine takeoff power limits.
This does not apply to approved ITT limits for
starting.

1-13-A. GAS PRODUCER RPM (NI)

1-13-A-1.

TWIN ENGINE OPERATION

Continuous operation

61 to 103.1%

Maximum continuous

103.1%

Maximum for takeoff

103.1%

1-13-A-2.

ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE (OEI)

Continuous OEI

103.7%

2 1/2 minute OEI

103.7 to 109.2%

Maximum OEI

109.2%

1-13-B. POWER TURBINE RPM (NII)

30 seconds ON
Minimum in cruise
at or below 6000 feet HD

97%

Minimum for hover,

takeoff, and climb

100%

1-12-D. GROUND POWER UNIT

Minimum in cruise
above 6000 feet HD

100%

28 VDC ground power units for starting shall

be limited to 1000 amps maximum.

Operation with ENG

torque at or below 30%

100 to 104.5%

5 minutes OFF
30 seconds ON
15 minutes OFF

31 OCT 2007Rev. 271-7

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

Maximum with ENG

torque at or below 30%

104.5%

1-13-C-2.

ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE (OEI)

GAUGE P/N 212-075-067-115

1-13-C. INTERTURBINE TEMPERATURE

NOTE
Either ITT gauge shall be installed in
pairs.

Maximum continuous OEI 820C

2 1/2 minute OEI

820 to 925C

Maximum OEI

925C

GAUGE P/N 212-075-067-119

1-13-C-1.

TWIN ENGINE OPERATION

Maximum continuous OEI 820C

GAUGE P/N 212-075-067-115

Continuous

300 to 810C

Maximum continuous

810C

Maximum transient
(5 seconds maximum
above 810)

925C

Maximum for starting

(2 seconds maximum
above 960)

1090C

2 1/2 minute OEI

820 to 940C

Maximum OEI

940C

1-13-D. ENGINE TORQUE

ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE (OEI)
Continuous OEI

5 to 73.2%

Maximum continuous OEI 73.2%

GAUGE P/N 212-075-067-119

Continuous

300 to 810C

Maximum continuous

810C

Maximum transient
(5 seconds maximum
above 810C)

940C

Maximum for starting

(2 seconds maximum
above 960)

1090C

2 1/2 minute OEI

73.2 to 81%

Maximum OEI

81%

1-13-E. FUEL PRESSURE

Minimum

4 PSI

Continuous operation

4 to 35 PSI

Maximum

35 PSI

1-13-F. ENGINE OIL PRESSURE

NOTE

CAUTION
INTENTIONAL USE OF ITT ABOVE
810C IS PROHIBITED DURING
NORMAL OPERATIONS EXCEPT
DURING START.

D ur ing e x tre m ely c o ld amb ie nt

temperatures, idle RPM will be high
and the ENGINE OIL pressure may
exceed maximum limits for up to 2
minutes after starting.
NOTE
Either Engine Oil Pressure/
Temperature gauge shall be installed
in pairs. Refer to paragraph 1-11,
Ambient Air Temperature.

1-8Rev. 2731 OCT 2007

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

GAUGE P/N 209-070-262-113

Maximum

Minimum for flight idle

40 PSI

Operation below 79% NI

RPM

40 to 90 PSI

Continuous operation

90 to 115 PSI

Maximum

115 PSI

1-13-I.

GAUGE P/N 209-070-262-109

Minimum for flight idle

40 PSI

Operation below 79% NI

RPM

40 to 80 PSI

Continuous operation

80 to 115 PSI

Maximum

115 PSI

80 PSI

COMBINING
GEARBOX
TEMPERATURE

Minimum

0C

Continuous operation

0 to 115C

Maximum for
MIL-PRF-7808 oil

115C

Maximum for
MIL-PRF-23699 oil

120C

OIL

1-14. TRANSMISSION
1-14-A. TRANSMISSION OIL PRESSURE

1-13-G. ENGINE OIL TEMPERATURE

NOTE
Minimum

0C

Continuous operation

0 to 115C

Maximum for
MIL-PRF-7808 oil

115C

Maximum for
MIL-PRF-23699 oil

120C

1-13-H. COMBINING
PRESSURE

GEARBOX

D ur ing e x tre m ely c o ld am bie nt

temperatures, idle RPM will be high
and the XMSN OIL pressure may
exceed maximum limits for up to 2
minutes after starting.

OIL

Minimum for idle

30 PSI

Idle range

30 to 40 PSI

Continuous operation

40 to 70 PSI

Maximum

70 PSI

1-14-B. TRANSMISSION OIL

TEMPERATURE

NOTE
D uri ng e xt re m ely c o ld amb ie nt
temperatures, GEARBOX OIL
pressure may exceed maximum
limits for up to 2 m inutes after
starting.

Continuous operation

15 to 110C

Maximum

110C

1-14-C. MAST TORQUE

1-14-C-1.

TWIN ENGINE OPERATION

Minimum for idle

40 PSI

Operation below 94% NII

RPM

40 to 60 PSI

Maximum continuous

81%
81 to 100%

Continuous operation

60 to 80 PSI

Takeoff range (5 minutes

maximum)

31 OCT 2007Rev. 271-9

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

Maximum

100%
WARNING

TAKEOFF POWER SHALL NOT BE

USED ABOVE 105 KIAS.

CAUTION
WHEN OPERATING NEAR THE
MAXIMUM MAST TORQUE LIMIT,
INADVERTENT OVERTORQUE MAY
OCCUR DURING MANEUVERING
FLIGHT CONDITIONS INVOLVING
TURNS AND/OR NOSE DOWN
ATTITUDE CHANGES. DECREASE
POWER TO 90% MAST TORQUE
PRIOR
TO
MANEUVERING
HELICOPTER.

Power off operation with

gross weight below 8000
pounds (3629 kg)

80 to 104.5%

Minimum for autorotation

with gross weight at or
above 8000 pounds (3629
kg)

91%

Maximum

104.5%

1-15-C. ROTOR RPM GROUND

OPERATION
Minimum

77%

Minimum with stick

centering indicator
system inoperative

97%

Transient (avoid steady

state operations)

26 to 77%

1-16. HYDRAULIC

Intentional use of mast torque over 100% is

prohibited.

1-15. ROTOR
1-15-A. ROTOR RPM POWER ON

NOTE
Refer to BHT-412-MD-4 for approved
fluids, vendors, and allowable mixing
of approved fluids.
Hydraulic fluid MIL-PRF-87257 (NATO-538) or
MIL-PRF-5606 (NATO H-515) may be used at
all ambient temperatures.

Minimum

97%

Continuous operation
at or below 6000 feet HD

97 to 100%

Continuous operation
above 6000 feet HD

100%

Both hydraulic systems shall be operative

prior to takeoff.

Maximum continuous

100%

WARNING

Operation with ENG

torque at or below 30%

100 to 104.5%

Maximum with ENG

torque at or below 30%

104.5%

1-15-B. ROTOR RPM POWER OFF

Minimum for autorotation
with gross weight below
8000 pounds (3629 kg)

80%

1-10Rev. 3029 MAY 2012

THE HELICOPTER IS NOT

CONTROLLABLE WITH BOTH
HYDRAULIC BOOST SYSTEMS
INOPERATIVE.

1-16-A. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE

Minimum

600 PSI

Caution

600 to 900 PSI

ECCN EAR99

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

Continuous operation

900 to 1100 PSI

Maximum

1100 PSI

1-16-B. HYDRAULIC TEMPERATURE

Maximum

88C

1-17. FUEL AND OIL

NOTE
Refer to BHT-412-MD-4 for lists of
approved fuels, oils, capacities, and
vendors.

1-18. ROTOR BRAKE

Engine starts with rotor brake engaged are
prohibited. Rotor brake application is limited
to ground operation and shall not be applied
until both engines are shut down and rotor
RPM has decreased to 40% NR or below.

1-19. LANDING GEAR

No Flight Manual limitations.

1-20. INSTRUMENT MARKINGS

AND PLACARDS

1-17-A. FUEL
Fuel conforming to ASTM D-6615 Jet B, NATO
F-40, or MIL-DTL-5624 Grade JP-4 may be used
at all ambient air temperatures.
Fuel conforming to ASTM D-1655 Jet A or A-1,
NATO F-44, MIL-DTL-5624 Grade JP-5, NATO
F-34, or MIL-DTL-83133 Grade JP-8 is limited
to ambient air temperatures above -30 C
(-22F).

NOTE
Illustrations shown in Figure 1-5 are
artist representations and may or
may not depict actual approved
instruments due to printing
limitations. Instrument operating
ranges and limits shall agree with
those presented in this section.

1-17-B. OIL

Refer to Figure 1-5 for instrument range

markings and Figure 1-6 for placards and
decals.

1-17-B-1.

1-21. HEATER

ENGINE AND COMBINING

GEARBOX

Oil conforming to PWA Specification No. 521

Type I and MIL-PRF-7808 (NATO O-148) may
be used at all ambient temperatures.
Oil conforming to PWA Specification No. 521
Type Il and MIL-PRF-23699 (NATO O-156)
limited to ambient temperatures above -40C
(-40F).
1-17-B-2.

TRANSMISSION, INTERMEDIATE
AND TAIL ROTOR GEARBOX

Oil conforming to DOD-PRF-85734 is the

only approved oil for use in the
transmission and gearboxes.
ECCN EAR99

Heater shall not be operated when OAT is

above 21C (69.8F).

1-22. HOIST PENALTY REGION

Pilot shall know CG at time of hoist operation
to determine if CG is within penalty region of
Figure 1-7, Hoist CG Envelope.
Each hoist operation performed is defined as
an extension and retraction of hoist cable
while hovering with any weight attached.
Refer to BHT-412-FMS-7 or BHT-412-FMS-26
for Bell Helicopter approved hoists.
29 MAY 2012Rev. 301-11

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

WARNING
THIS PENALTY REGION IS VALID
FOR ALL HOIST INSTALLATIONS.
OPERATION IN PENALTY REGION
AFFECTS
AIRWORTHINESS
LIMITATIONS
OF
ROTOR
COMPONENTS
(REFER
TO
BHT-412-MM).

1-23. AHRS ALIGNMENT

To p e r f o r m i n - f l i g h t / s h i p b o a r d A H R S
alignment, the following conditions must be
met.

1-12Rev. 2618 NOV 2005

Pitch

Less than 10

Roll

Less than 5

Yaw rate

Less than 1/sec

Lateral and longitudinal

acceleration

Less than 0.05g

For a minimum of 30 seconds for attitude and

heading to become valid.

FAA APPROVED

B HT-412-FM-4

13000

135.1
,, ')AAA

--

_________/
10000

----

_______/ ----14111111111111{Ii\II
AFT LIMIT

-9030. 8800
is

FORWARD LIMIT :

8000

7000
6400

._r_

MINIMUM WEIGHT

X6000130

...132...

134....

..138.,..... 140

, 136

,.142:......: 144

LONGITUDINAL C. G. FUSELAGE STA._-IN

a-

141.4

11900-

11000

m
J
I

ENGLISH UNITS

BHT412EP-FM-1-1-1

Figure 1-1. Gross weight center of gravity charts (Sheet 1 of 2).

BHT-412-FM-4

0)

FAA APPROVED

Ci

Ia2oo

3
3I/
3992

4000

-1

I-

0
0

;GROSS WEIGHT- KILOGRAMS

5000-

-3800-3600

-3400

3200-

3000-

' 2948-'1

2903-

2800-

MINIMUM

3312

3658

3400

3450:

3350

3300:

325 .

CV)

Zsoo--t--

3500

3550

3600

3650

LONGITUDINAL C. G.NFUSELAGE STA.- mm

METRIC UNITS

BHT412EP-FM-1-1-2

Figure 1-1. Gross weight center of gravity charts (Sheet 2 of 2).

1-14

Rev. 5

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

NOTE: ALLOWABLE GROSS WEIGHTS OBTAINED FROM THIS CHART MAY EXCEED
CONTINUOUS HOVER CAPABILITY UNDER CERTAIN AMBIENT CONDITIONS.
REFER TO HOVER CEILING CHARTS IN SECTION 4.

/_ 14,000 FT. DEN. ALT. LIMIT-

o0

I
I

^`

I
I

00

po

IIII
I
I

00
0
W

00

00
N

vv

-40-20 0 20 40 60
0

OAT- C

4.0

11.9

/ %J

MAXI M U M
GROSS WEIGHT

MAX OAT

10

11

12 LB X 1000

4.5

5.0

5.4 kg x 1000

GROSS WEIGHT

BHT 412EP-FM-1-2

Figure 1-2. Weight-altitude-temperature limitations for takeoff, landing, and in-groundeffect maneuvers.

Rev. 5

1-15

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

NOTE:

1. Pedal critical wind

E
N

a)

SEE
NOTE

0m

azimuth-hovering with
the relative wind within
these azimuth angles
can result in inability to
maintain heading due

to large left pedal

for

requirements
0

certain wind velocities.

2. Longitudinal cyclic

AFCS

with

limited
longitudinal

aft cyclic may be

0)

95

90 critical wind azimuth -

hardover.

SEE NOTE
0
0

IGE CRITICAL RELATIVE WIND AZIMUTH

OGE CRITICAL RELATIVE WIND AZIMUTH

14,000 FT. DENSITY ALTITUDE

/LIMIT FOR IGE MANEUVERS

14,000

12,000

8,000

6,000

0
0
0

DENSITY ALTITUDE -FEET

10,000

4,000

0
0

2,000

14 16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36 38

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED - 35 KNOTS

BHT 412EP-FM-1-3

Figure 1-3. Maximum speed - sideward and rearward flight, crosswind and tailwind at a
hover.
1-16

Rev. 5

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

HEIGHT - VELOCITY DIAGRAM

N_mC

moo

FOR SMOOTH, LEVEL, FIRM SItRFACES

00m

NOTE: HELICOPTER CONFIGURATION

SHALL COMPLY WITH THE WEIGHT ALTITUDE- TEMPERATURE LIMITS
AS PRESENTED IN FIGURE 1- 2 FOR
HEIGHT - VELOCITY DIAGRAM TO BE

SKID HEIGHT ABOVE SURFACE

o o o o o o o o0 o o o

SKID HEIGHT ABOVE SURFACE

FEET

METERS

VALID.

20
16
0

10

20

30

40

VNE

INDICATED AIRSPEED - KNOTS

BHT 412EP-FM-1-4

Figure 1-4. HeightVelocity Diagram (OEI)

Rev. 201-17

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

D
1

AIRSPEED
0 to 30 knots

Indicator unreliable

30 to 140 knots

Continuous operation

105 knots

Maximum for autorotation at or

below 10,000 feet (3048 m) Hp

140 knots

VNE

r-,

MX

TRIPLE TORQUE INDICATOR

MAST TORQUE
1

10 to 81%

Continuous operation

81 to 100%

5 minute takeoff range

100%

Maximum

ENGINE

5 to 73.2%

Continuous OEI operation

73.2 to 81%

2 1/2 minute OEI range

81%

Maximum OEI

0
a
0

TRIPLE TACHOMETER
ROTOR RPM (NR)
26 to 77%

Transient ground operation

80%

Minimum for autorotation below

8000 pounds (3629 kg) gross weight

80 to 91%

Power off operation below

8000 pounds (3629 kg) gross weight

91 to 104.5%

Continuous operation power off

(91% minimum)

104.5%

Maximum

ENG RPM (NII)

97%

Minimum

97 to 100%

Continuous operation at or below

6000 feet HD
Continuous operation above 6000 feet HD

100%
I

100 to 104.5%

Operation at or below 30% engine

torque

104.5%

Maximum at or below 30% engine

torque

412_FM_4_0003

Figure 1-5. Instrument Markings (Sheet 1 of 5)

1-18Rev. 2731 OCT 2007

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

TRANSMISSION OIL TEMPERATURE

15 to 1 10C

Continuous operation

1100C

Maximum

TRANSMISSION OIL PRESSURE

30 PSI

Minimum for flight idle

30 to 40 PSI

Flight idle range

40 to 70 PSI

Continuous operation

70 PSI

Maximum

FUELPRESSURE
4 PSI

Minimum

4 to 35 PSI

Continuous operation

35 PSI

Maximum

GAS PRODUCER RPM (NI)

Q 12%

Minimum for opening throttle

during start

Q 61%

Flight idle RPM

61%to 103.1%

Continuous operation

103.1%

Maximum continuous

103.1 % to 103.7%
103.7% to 109.2%

Continuous OEI
2 1 /2 minute OEI

103.7%

Maximum continuous OEI

109.2%

Maximum 2 1/2 minute OEI

412EP-F-1-5-2

Figure 1-5.

Instrument markings (Sheet 2 of 5)

Rev.5

1-19

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

15
15
10 OIL
10
C
PSI
5
5
0
X10
0
-5

NOTE: Either oil pressure/temperature gauge may be installed.

Continuous operation and operation below 79% N$ RPM
are different as noted below.
ENGINE OIL PRESSURE
40 PSI

Minimum for flight idle

40 to 90 PSI

Operation below 79% N$ RPM

90 to 115 PSI

Continuous operation

115 PSI

Maximum

ENGINE OIL PRESSURE

15

209-070-262-113

209-070-262-109

15

10 OIL
10
C
PSI
5
5
0
X10
0
-5

40 PSI

Minimum for flight idle

40 to 80 PSI

Operation below 79% N$ RPM

80 to 115 PSI

Continuous operation

115 PSI

Maximum

ENGINE AND COMBINING GEARBOX OIL TEMPERATURE

NOTE: Temperature markings for engine and combining gearbox oil
are the same.

15
10

0C

Minimum

0 to 115C

Continuous operation

115C

Maximum for MIL-PRF-7808 oil

120C

Maximum for MIL-PRF-23699

COMBINING GEARBOX OIL PRESSURE

15

10

10 OIL
8
6
C
PSI
5
4
0
X10 2
-5
0

40 PSI

Minimum for flight idle

40 to 60 PSI

Operation below 94% N$$ RPM

60 to 80 PSI

Continuous operation

80 PSI

Maximum

412-FM-4-0002

Figure 1-5. Instrument Markings (Sheet 3 of 5)

1-20Rev. 2731 OCT 2007

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

AMMETER

0 to 75 AMPS

Continuous operation
.C+

75 to 150 AMPS Caution

150 AMPS

Maximum

88C

HYDRAULIC OIL TEMPERATURE

Maximum

HYDRAULIC OIL PRESSURE

Minimum

600 to 900 PSI

Caution

600 PSI

900 to 1100 PSI Continuous operation

1100 PSI

Maximum

412EP-F-1-5-4

Figure 1-5. Instrument markings (Sheet 4 of 5)

0
Rev. 5

1-21

BHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED

INTERTURBINE TEMPERATURE (ITT)

Continuous operation

810 C

Maximum continuous

810 to 925 C

OEI operation

CCN

II

300 TO 810 C

820 C

Maximum continuous OEI

925C

Maximum 2 1/2 minute OEI

Maximum transient - Twin engine
(5 sec. max. above 810 C)

1090 C

Maximum for starting (2 seconds

maximum above 960 C)

NOTE

Either ITT gage may be installed.

212-075-067-115

INTERTURBINE TEMPERATURE (ITT)

II
..a1
212-075-067-119

300 TO 810C

Continuous operation

810C

Maximum continuous

810 to 940 C

OEI operation

820 C

Maximum continuous OEI

940C

Maximum 2 1/2 minute OEI

Maximum transient - Twin engine

(5 sec. max. above 810 C)

1090 C

Maximum for starting (2 seconds

maximum above 960C)

412EP-FM-1-5-5

Figure 1-5. Instrument markings (Sheet 5 of 5)

1-22

Rev. 17

FAA APPROVED

BHT-412-FM-4

COLD WEATHER START PROCEDURE NOT REQUIRED

AFCU P/N 3118098-12 OR LATER ARE
INSTALLED ON BOTH ENGINES
LOCATION: PEDESTAL LOWER RIGHT SIDE
(PLACARD APPLICABLE ONLY WHEN BOTH AUTOMATIC FUEL
CONTROL UNITS ARE P/N 3118098-12 OR SUBSEQUENT)

412_FM-4_0001_c02

Figure 1-6. Placards and Decals

ECCN EAR99

30 OCT 2012Rev. 311-23

134

MIt
c-M

(3404)

135

C'7Nr

r,- CO

9l

(3429)

136

fMv
rM

137

(3454)

f- 00
M

,r-- M

(3480)

T-- M

138

co 1V)

(3505)

T- M

139

CO LO

140

(3531)

(3556)

Figure 1-7. Hoist C.G. envelope

141

LU)

S3HONI - NOUVIS 39V-13Sfl

142

,:T

143

(3607)

i r

(-178)

(3632)

(3581)

(-152)

(ZS L-)

133

(-127)

-4
(-102)

-3

(-76)

(9L-)

r,- CO

5l

Rev. 10

MM

(3378)

-2
(-25)
(0)

(25)

2
(51)

N in

O o

LATERAL INCHES (MILLIMETERS)

(-51)

(0)

132

co CD

(76)

zw
(9L)

,r,- M

(3353)

4
(102)

5
(127)

CO LO

(152)

(ZS

MM

b1

1-24

09

Longitudinal/Lateral C.G. Envelope for Hoist Operations

7
(178)

RHT-412-FM-4

FAA APPROVED