Find a critical radius of insulation corresponding to maximum heat loss/length of

pipe for a pipe surrounded by asbestos (k = 0,181 W/(moC)) and exposed to air of
10oC with h=3,5 W/(m2oC). Surface temperature of the pipe = 275oC and outer
radius of the pipe is 25 mm.

Find heat loss from the pipe with insulation at critical radius
Find heat loss from the pipe without insulation

k = 0.181 W/(m.oC)
h= 3.5 W/(m2.oC)
T air = 10
T pipe = 275

R pipe = 25mm = 2.5 x 102 m

ASBESTOS
R1

R2

HEAT SOURCES
T = 275
C
k=0.181
W/(m.oC)

T = 10 C
h=3.5
W/(m2.oC)

q|r

q|r+x

 + =

(zero because there is no heat generation in the system)

+
=0

+
lim
=0
0

=0

1 1
=

 = ( )

Qmax when
=
=
= .

Then, =

0.181 W/(m.oC)
=
=51.7 mm
3.5 W/(m2.oC)

 =
3.5 W/(m2.oC)(. ) = . /
Heat Loss at r=Rcr
=

= 446.25 2 2 +

= 215.056 /

 =
= 3.5 W/(m2.oC)(26510)
= 892.5 /2
= .
892.5
=
[ 2 25 103 2 ]
2

= 140,19 /

A cylindrical vessel of 0,6 m diameter, which opens at the top, contains a liquid and
rotates about its vertical axis. The rotation is steady state.
a.

Calculate the height of the vessel so that the liquid reaches the top of the vessel
at the height of H and begins to uncover the base at 100 rpm

b.

If the speed is now increased to 130 rpm and the height of the liquid is
maintained the same as that calculated in a, what area of the base will be
uncovered?

 = 100 rpm

= 130 rpm

vessel

the base
of vessel

vessel

uncovered
base area

 Pipe diameter, d = 0,6 m

= 100 rpm when 1 = 0, 2 =
= 130 rpm when 1 = , 2 =

From the appendix, we know that:

+
+

1 (
1 2 2 2
=
+
+ 2

+
+

2 2
2

So,

= 100 rpm

(1)

Notes:
v has constant value for in and out momentums at r
the other velocity components have zero value
Gravity doesnt work at r

vessel

the base
of vessel

 = 100 rpm

From the appendix, we know that:

+
+
+
+

1
1 (
1 2 2 2
=
+
+ 2
+
+
+


2 2
2

So, 0 =

1 ()

Notes:
Pressure doesnt work at
There is shear stress at r

vessel

(2)
1

the base
of vessel

From the appendix, we know that:

= 100 rpm

+
+
+
+

=
+

So, 0 =

Notes:
vz=0
p has constant value at z
Gravity affects the system at z
gz = -g

1 2 2
+ 2
+
+
2
2
vessel

(3)
1

the base
of vessel

1
( ) = 0

1
( ) = 0

1 ( )

1 ( )
= 1

( )
= 1

( ) =

1
1 2 + 2
2
1
2
= 1 +
2

r=0

v = 0

r=R

v = r
Boundary Condition 2

Boundary Condition 1
1
2
= 1 +
2

2
0=
+0

2 = 0
1
2

So, = 1

(4)

1
= 1
2
1
= 1
2
1
= 1
2
So, 1 = 2

(5)

1
2
= 1 +
2

1
= (2)()
2
So, =

(6)

 2 ()2
=
=
= 2

=
=

2 2
2

2 2
+ 1

(7)

From equation (3), we know that

0=

= + 2

(8)

If we make (7) = (8)

=
2 2
2

+ 1 = + 2

(9)

(1)r=0;
(2)r=R;

=0
z=zR;

p=patm

Boundary Condition 1
2 2
2

Boundary Condition 2

+ 1 = + 2
0 + 1 = + 2
1 = + 2

(10)

2 2
=
+ 2
2

2 =

2 2
2

+ (11)

2 = 2
2 2
2 2

+ =
+
2
2

2 2
=
2 ( )
2

2 2
2 ( )
= 2

2 ( 2 2 )
=
2

2 ( 2 2 )
2

(12)

 = 100 rpm

2 0 2
0 =
2
2 2
=
2

vessel

(100)2 (0,3)2
=
2 (9,8)

= 45,92

the base
of vessel

 = 130 rpm

2 (2 2 )
=
2
vessel

130 2 (0,32 2 )
45,92 =
2 (9,8)
0,32 2 = 0,053

uncovered
base area

0,037 = 0,192

TERIMA KASIH