Solutions to H1 Mathematics (8864) J2 Preliminary Examination 2013

1(a)

kx2 2 x 3k 0

k 0

and

4(k )(3k ) 0

4 12k 2 0
1 3k 2 0
3k 2 1 0

3k 1 0

1
1
or k
3
3

1
3

k
1(b)

3k 1

1
3

2
e3 x
Let y e3 x
2
y 1
y
e3 x 1

y2 y 2 0
( y 2)( y 1) 0
y2

or

e3 x 2

or

y 1
e3 x 1 (reject)

3 x ln 2
1
x ln 2
3

2.

2 x3 3x2 3 8x

2 x3 3x 2 8 x 3 0

-3

O 1
2

x 3

1
x 1
2

or

Hence, solve 2(ln x)3 3(ln x)2 8ln x 3 0

2(ln x)3 3(ln x)2 3 8ln x
Replace x by ln x ,

ln x 3
0 x e3

3.

or

1
ln x 1
2
1

or e 2 x e

Area:
1 2
x 2 xy 10
2
1
2 xy 10 x 2
2
5 1
y x
x 4
Cost P 15 2 x 2 y 20 x

5 1
30 x 30 x 20 x
x 4
150
25

30 x
x
2
150 60 25

x
2

dP
For cost to be minimum,
0
dx
dP
150 60 25
=0
2
dx
x
2
150 60 25

x2
2
300
x2
60 25
60
x2
12 5
60
60
x
,
( N . A.)
12 5
12 5

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

60
d 2 P 300
3 0 when x
2
12 5
dx
x
Cost is minimum when x

150
60
60 25

$204 (nearest dollar)

2
60

12 5
12 5

min P

4(a)

f ( x)

(1 2 x)3

f ( x)dx

60
.
12 5

1
(1 2 x)3

1
(1 2 x)3

dx (1 2 x)

3
2

(1 2 x) 2
1
dx
C
C
1
1

2
x
(2)
2

dx 1.5

1.5
1 2x 0
1
1 1.5
1 2c
1
2.5
1 2c
1
25

1 2c 4
4
1 2c
25
21
c
(or 0.42)
50

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

4
4(b)
y 20.5 x 1

y 5 x 3
y 1

Points of intersection (1.4721, 2.6656) and (3.6635, 4.5597)

(1.47, 2.67), (3.66, 4.56)

3.6635

1.4721

5(i)

5 x 32 20.5 x 1 dx 2.0141 2.01

y 4

a
1
4 a 2 x 1
2x 1

dy
2a
2
2a 2 x 1
2
dx
2 x 1

At P, x 3 ,

dy
2a
2

2
dx (2 3 1)
5
2a 2

25 5
a 5 [AG]

(ii)

At P, x 3, y 3 , gradient of normal is

5
2

5
y 3 ( x 3)
2
5
1
y x 10
2
2

(iii)

When y = 0,
5
0 4
2x 1
5
2x 1
4

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

5
9
8
9
Q ,0
8
5
1
y x 10
2
2
x

(iii)

When x 0, y 10

1
2
3

Required Area Area of trapezium 9 4

8

5
dx
2x 1

1 1
5

10 3 3 4 x ln 2 x 1
2

98
2 2
3

81
5
9 5 5
12 ln 5 ln
4
2
2 2 4

51 5
ln 5 ln 5 ln 4
4 2
51 5
ln 4
4 2

(iii)

Alternative:
5
1
y x 10
2
2

When x 0, y 10

1
2

Required Area
3
3
5
1
5
x 10 dx 9 4
dx
0
8
2
2
2x 1
3

1
5
5

x 2 10 x 4 x ln 2 x 1
2 0
2
4
98

5
5 2

9 5 5
3 10.5 3 0 12 ln 5 ln
2
4

2 2 4

51 5
ln 5 ln 5 ln 4
4 2
51 5
ln 4
4 2

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

6(i)

(ii)

every 10th (10% means every one out of 10

population size
N
or k

10 ) electrical component from a

sample size
0.1N
production line, starting from say the 5th component, where the
number 5 is randomly determined from the first 10 components
produced. i.e choose the 5th, 15th, 25th, until 10% of the
components are selected.
Choosing the sample using systematic sampling ensures that the
sample chosen is evenly spread out and consists of components
from different batches compared to choosing components from the
first batch of sample.
(i)
22
R
23
23
R
24
1
24
B
R
23
25
1
B
24
1
B
25
Select

(ii)

P(Samuel wins a prize)

= P(B) + P(RB) + P(RRB)
1 24 1 24 23 1
=

25 25
24 25 24 23
3
=
(or 0.12)
25

P took more than 1 ball Samuel won a prize

(iii)

P took more than 1 ball AND won a prize

P won a prize

P RB or RRB
3
25
24 1 24 23 1

25 24
25 24 23

3
25
2

(or 0.667 to 3 s.f.)

3

3 22
P only one of them wins a prize = 3 0.278784
25 25

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

7
8

(i)

P A B

P A B 2
2
p
p
3
P B
3

P A B P A P B P A B
1 P A' B' P A P B P A B
8
p 2 p p P A B
15
53
P A B
p 1
15

P A B 2
p
P B
3
53
p 1
2
15
p
p
3
53
2
p 1 p2
15
3
53 p 15 10 p 2
10 p 2 53 p 15 0

10 p 2 53 p 15 0
3
p
or p 5 (NA since 0 p 1)
10
P exactly one of A and B occurs
P A B P A B
8 3 53 3
1 1
15 10 15 10
39

50
9(i)

Let X be the no. of seeds that germinates (out of 12).

X

B(12,0.65)

P( X 7) 1 P( X 6) 1 0.212735 0.78726 0.787

(ii)

Let X be the no. of seeds that germinates (out of 12).

X

B(12,0.65)

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

(to 3 s.f.)

8
P(4 X 9)
P( X 9) P( X 3)

= 0.8471 0.005698
= 0.84310
0.843 (to 3 s.f.)

(ii)

Alternative:
P(4 X 9)
P( X 4) P( X 5) P( X 6) P( X 7) P( X 8) P( X 9)

= 0.84310
0.843 (to 3 s.f.)
Let Y be the no. of packets of seeds with fewer than 7 seeds that
germinates (out of 25 packets).
Y

B(25,0.212735)

P(Y 3) 0.18982 0.190 (to 3 s.f.)

Let W be the no. of seeds that will germinate (out of 120 seeds).
W

B(120,0.65)

Since n 120 is large,

np 120(0.65) 78 5, nq 120(0.35) 42 5
W
W

N (120(0.65),120(0.65)(0.35))
N (78, 27.3) approximately

approximately

c .c .
P(W 90)
P(W 90.5) 0.0083699 0.00837

10

(i)

Let X = mass of jam in a jar

X N m, 6.52
1
1000
320 m
1

P Z

6.5 1000

P X 320

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

(to 3 s.f.)

320 m
3.0902
6.5
320 m 20.0863
m 340.0863 340.09
Least m = 340.09 (Shown)
(ii)

Let Y = mass of an empty jar

Y N 160, 42

N 340.09, 6.52

X Y

N 340.09 160, 6.52 42 N 500.09,58.25

P X Y 505 0.26001 0.260 (to 3 s.f.)

(iii)

Let J = X +Y . So

P J 498 0.85556 0.856

(iv)

Let C = mass of an empty large carton.

Let D = mass of an empty small carton.

Let L = mass of a large carton of jam,

ie. L = C + J1 + J 2 + ...+ J12

Let S = mass of a small carton of jam,

ie. S D J1 J 2 ... J 6

P ( -10 < L - 2S < 10 ) = 0.16866 0.169 (to 3 s.f.)

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

10
11 (i)

(ii)

Unbiased estimate of the population mean

x 12 12 105 12 14.1
=x
n
50
Unbiased estimate of the population variance
2

1
1052
1
2

x c

2250
s2

n 1
n
49
50

2029.5
= 41.4 (3 s.f.)
49
Let X be the percentage of fat content in burgers
H 0 : 12
H1 : 12
Since n is large, by Central Limit Theorem,
2029.5
X N 12,
approximately.
2450

X 12
Test statistic Z
N (0,1) approximately

2029.5
2450

= 0.02
From GC, z =

(iii)

(iv)

14.1 12
2029.5
2450

= 2.307 (5 sf)

p-value = P(Z 2.307) =0.0105 (3 sf)

Since p-value = 0.0105 (3 sf) < 0.02, we reject H 0 at 2% level
of significance and conclude there is sufficient evidence to refute
the companys claim.
2% level of significance means there is a probability of 0.02 of
wrongly concluding that the mean fat content is more than 12 %
(rejecting Ho) when in fact it is 12%.
It is not necessary to assume a the percentage fat content have a
normal distribution for the test to be valid, since sample size is
large, the Central Limit Theorem applies.

H 0 : 12
H1 : 12
Since n is large, by Central Limit Theorem,
6.52
X N 12,
approximately.

50

X 12
Test statistic Z
N (0,1) approximately
2
6.5
50

Claim is untrue reject Ho

Reject Ho at 5% level of significance

8864/J2 Prelim 2013

11

z 1.64485
F 12
6.52
50

[using GC: invNorm(0.95) = 1.64485]

95%

1.64485
5%

F 13.5
0

Least possible value of F is 13.5

12(i)

1.64485

x, t = (1, 78.9)

(ii)

r = 0.993
The value of r is close to 1. There is strong negative linear
correlation between the amount of catalyst and the time taken for
the chemical reaction. This means that the time taken for the
chemical reaction decreases as the amount of catalyst present
increases.

(iii)
(iv)

t = 119.4385 40.5813x
t on x line is used since x is controlled and t is random.
60 = 119.4385 40.5813 x
x =1.4647 1.46 grams
The estimate is reliable because t = 60 is within the data range
hence this is an interpolation and r is close to 1, indicating a
strong negative correlation between the amount of catalyst and
time taken for the reaction.

8864/J2 Prelim 2013