Exercise 2D: Piaggio Avanti ISSUE 2

NOTE: LIFT ON THE FOREPLANE SHOULD BE IGNORED - TO AVOID CONFUSION

Inputs From Flight Int. 22 Jan 2002 conversion factors
Operating Empty Weight (1 pilot) 3490 kg 1 lb = 0.4536 kg
Mass of each person 77 kg
Max. Take-off Weight MTOW 5239 kg 1 knot = 1.853 km/hr
Main Wing Area 16.02 sq.m A= 11.96 1 hp = 745.7 W
Foreplane 2.19 sq.m A= 4.92 1hp metric 735.55 W
Reference Area 16.02 sq.m I km/hr = 0.278 m/s
Span of main wing 11.96 m 1 lbf= 4.448 N
Range (1 pilot + 5 pax) 2930 km 1ft = 0.3048 m
Total Engine Power 1270 kW
Max range cruise speed at 39000 ft 310 kt
Max speed 28000 ft 395 kt
Stall speed at (@ 4350 kg, 13500 ft) 88 kt full flap + gear constants
power specific fuel consumption 0.65 lb/(hp-hr) ? kg/J g= 9.807 m/s2

Outputs and Assumptions

Effective Aspect Ratio 8.9 Atmospheric Data from Back of Notes
Propulsive efficiency 0.75 speculative guess approx. density at 13500 ft ?
Max. flight Power ? kW approx. density at 28000 ft ?
Maximum speed ? m/s approx. density at 39000 ft ?
CD at maximum speed ? 395 kt
CL at maximum speed ? 395 kt
L/D at max.speed ?
k ? reasonable guess
Induced drag coef. at max. speed ? 395 kt
CD0 at maximum speed ? 395 kt
Clmax (at specified stall conditions) ? full flap + gear
Max range cruise speed ? m/s
weight factor x 1.00
Umin D (assumed to be same as cruise speed) ? m/s assumed to be same
CD0 at max L/D (or UminD) ? assuming W=xW0
maximum L/D ?
CD at maximum L/D ?
CL at max L/D ? assuming W=xW0
Induced drag coef. at maximum L/D ? checking result!
Flight power at max. L/D ? kW assuming W=xW0
estimated fuel mass for quoted range ? kg no reserve, 5 pax
L/D to meet quoted range ?
Breguet Range using maximum L/D ? km ? nm
Data from Back of Notes
kg/cu.m linear interpolation
kg/cu.m linear interpolation
kg/cu.m linear interpolation
Exercise 2D: Piaggio Avanti Issue 2
NOTE: LIFT ON THE FOREPLANE HAS BEEN IGNORED - TO AVOID CONFUSION
Inputs From Flight Int. 22 Jan 2002 conversion factors
Operating Empty Weight (with 1 pilot) 3490 kg 1 lb = 0.4536 kg
Mass of each person 77 kg
Max. Take-off Weight MTOW 5239 kg 1 knot = 1.853 km/hr
Main Wing Area 16.02 sq.m A= 11.96 1 hp = 745.7 W
Foreplane Area 2.19 sq.m A= 4.92 1hp metric 735.55 W
Reference Area 16.02 sq.m I km/hr = 0.278 m/s
Span of main wing 11.96 m 1 lbf= 4.448 N
Range (1 pilot + 5 pax) 2930 km 1ft = 0.3048 m
Total Engine Power 1270 kW
Max range cruise speed at 39000 ft 310 kt
Max speed 28000 ft 395 kt
Stall speed at (@ 4350 kg, 13500 ft) 88 kt full flap + gear constants
power specific fuel consumption 0.65 lb/(hp-hr) 1.1E-07 kg/J g= 9.807 m/s2

Outputs and Assumptions

Effective Aspect Ratio 8.9 Atmospheric Data from Back of Notes
Propulsive efficiency 0.75 speculative guess approx. density at 13500 ft 0.81
Max. flight Power 953 kW approx. density at 28000 ft 0.49
Maximum speed 203 m/s approx. density at 39000 ft 0.31
CD at maximum speed 0.029 395 kt
CL at maximum speed 0.31 395 kt
L/D at max.speed 11.0
k 1.2 reasonable guess
Induced drag coef. at max. speed 0.004 395 kt
CD0 at maximum speed 0.024 395 kt
Clmax (at specified stall conditions) 3.21 full flap + gear
Max range cruise speed 160 m/s
weight factor x 1.00
Umin D (assumed to be same as cruise speed) 160 m/s assumed to be same
CD0 at maximum L/D (or UminD) 0.028 assuming W=xW0
maximum L/D 14.4
CD at maximum L/D 0.056
CL at max L/D 0.81 assuming W=xW0
Induced drag coef. at maximum L/D 0.028 checking result!
Flight power at max. L/D 568 kW assuming W=xW0
estimated fuel mass for quoted range 1364 kg no reserve, 5 pax
L/D to meet quoted range 14.0
Breguet Range using maximum L/D 2969 km 1602 nm

Note that the aircraft flies at a lower L/D ratio at maxium speed
a from Back of Notes
kg/cu.m linear interpolation
kg/cu.m linear interpolation
kg/cu.m linear interpolation