Systems Guide

Being responsible is our foundation
Thinking ahead makes it possible

Innovation is the essence
GRUNDFOS FLOW THINKING
Grundfos System Guide Commercial Building Services

96 47 97 83 0905 GB
Version 3
www.grundfos.com
Grundfos System Guide

Commercial Building Services
Version 3
Introduction
Heating
Air-Condition
Pressure Boosting
Wastewater
Tool box
Reference project
FLOW THINKING
Introduction
How to use
Drawing library
How to use
FLOW THINKING
The Flow THINKING is a concept especially developed for our partners in

commercial building services
FLOW THINKING means:
> Focusing on the customer
> Embracing system knowledge
> Being a competent partner & adviser
> Finding the right solutions
> Providing tools for your daily work
As an element of this concept we have developed The Gundfos System Guide
The Grundfos System Guide is an extensive reference book, which goes through the standard systems within:
heating
air-conditioning
pressure boosting
wastewater
The systems are evaluated, and the Guide gives recommendations on how to prepare the most energyoptimal, reliable and comfortable system, considering the components, which form your system.
Contents
The Guide contains a short review of a few theoretical areas within the mentioned systems. This is meant as
a tool box, which can be used across of systems.
Overview: Here a short overview is given of the individual systems, and which Grundfos pumps are recommended for use in the system.
System description: In this paragraph the specific systems are reviewed in details. Suggestions are given of
how to build up the system, so that the interaction between the components in the system is optimised
with regard to comfort, safety and energy. Here we focus on how speed-regulated pumps are used in the
systems.
How to select: Here it is shown how the pump/pump system is dimensioned and selected, provided the
system is built up as described under system description.
A Guide not a collection of formulas
The System Guide is designed to be a practical tool for professionals, who already have the theoretical
knowledge about systems. So the System Guide is not a completely slavish going through the structure of all
systems, but it can with advantage be used as a source of inspiration or a checklist.
The System Guide has been designed in co-operation with system specialists from all over Europe. Even
though many areas have been harmonized, there may still be examples of system constructions, which
traditionally are not used locally
Always updated
Grundfos will in future continue to design and spread competences within systems. So regularly there will be
supplements to the Grundfos System Guide.
How to use
Pump
Fan Coil
2 pipe type
Fan Coil
4 pipe type
Chiller
Fan Coil
Combination type
Cooling Tower
Air Unit
In-let
Cooling Tower
Cooling Tower
Air Unit
Out-let
Cooling
Surface
Heating
Surface
Buffer Tank
Heat/Cool
Recovering
Surface
How to use
FLOW THINKING
Pressureraizing
Unit
Termastatic
radiator valve
Throttle valve
Diaphragm
Tank
Exspansion tank
Open Type
Isolation valve
Non return valve
2 way motor valve
Hot WaterTank
With Heat Element
3 way motor valve
(divide)
Hot Water
Storage Tank
3 way motor valve

(collecting)
Boiler
Pressure control
valve
Heat excanger
Pressure relief valve
Radiator
Safety valve
FLOW THINKING
2. Heating
Overview
System/products
Product description
Application System
Main pumps
Boiler shunt
Mixing loops
Heat surfaces
Heat recovery
DHW circulation
DHW production
How to select
Main pumps
Boiler shunts
Mixing loops
Heat surfaces
Heat recovery
DHW circulation
DHW production
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
Overview
S /
HW HWC CW
Heating surfaces
Mixing
loop
Heat recovery
Main Pumps
TP
TPE Series 1000
NB/NK
NBE/NKE Series 1000
Boiler shunts
System Type
UPS Series 100
UPE Series 2000
Main pumps
Product Type
Mixing loops
Heat surfaces
Heat recovery
DHW circulation
O
X
DHW production
First choice = X
TPE Series 2000
Boiler shunts
UPS Series 200
Heat
Production
DWH
Second choice = O
2. Heating
Overview
P /
PC User level
(BMS supply)
Sub-station level
(BMS supply)
G10
Remote control
GENIbus
LONbus
External Start/Stop
Analog input
External sensor
First choice = X
NB/NK
TPE Series 1000
Communication
TP
TPE Series 2000
External alarm
Product Type
UPS Series 100
UPE Series 2000
UPS Series 200
Component level
(Grundfos)
NBE/NKE Series 1000
PMU
Second choice = O
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
Overview
P /
10
Functionality
Used in
connection
with
Max. kW
pump size
PMU
Management unit
for up to 8 pumps
UPE Series 2000

TPE Series 2000
2.2 kW
22 kW
PFU
Preset controller
for up to 4 pumps
Inline E-pumps
2.2 kW
22 kW
Delta Control
Complete control
panel for up to
4 pumps
Inline E-pumps
Endsuction E pumps
Inline (Endsuction)
22 kW
630 kW (315 kW)
PCU
Contact unit for

up to 4 pumps
PMU
PFU
2. Heating
Overview
P
Heating Product Range

Survey curve 50 Hz
H
[m]
250
200
150
NB: 0,37 - 30 kW
NK: 0,37 - 315 kW
TP: 0,37 - 630 kW
100
80
70
60
50
TPE Series 2000

0,37 - 7,5 kW
TPE/NBE/NKE Series 1000
0,37 - 22 kW
40
30
20
15
10
9
8
7
6
UPS Series 100

UPS Series 200
UPE Series 2000
0,06 - 2,2 kW
5
4
3
2
2
8 10
15
20
30
40
60
80 100
150 200
300 400
600
1000
2000
4000 6000
Q [m3/h]
11
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
Overview
F /
Features
Benefits
Wide product range
Only one supplier
Wide system range
Easy selection
Support tools
Safe selection
I
Easy electrical connection
Easy/safe installation
Easy access to speed regulator
Safe/quick commencement
Clear user interface
Quick commencement
Integrated frequency converter
Safe installation
No need for motor protection
Low installation cost
12
Very low noise level
High comfort
High quality material
Long lifetime
Varible speed
Energy saving
High efficiency
Low operation cost
2. Heating
Overview
UPS S 100
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-25 to +110C
PN 10 (10 bar)
25W to 250W
1 to 3 speed
Unions; Flanges
130 to 250 mm
Cast iron; Bronze
Stainless Steel
C
None
M P F
High efficiency
Wide product range
Wide application range
UPS Series 100

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
2 years warranty
End user:
Maintenance free
Long lifetime
Low operating cost
High comfort
Q[m/h]
13
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
Overview
UPS S 200
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-10 to +120C
PN 10 (10 bar)
250W to 2200W
3 speed
Flanges (PN6/10)
220 to 450 mm
Cast iron; Bronze
C
Alarm module
GENIbus module
(accessories)
(accessories)
M P F
Water lubricated bearings
High efficiency
Motor protection module
Wide product range
UPS Series 200

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
Easy to start-up
End user:
Long lifetime
Maintenance free
Low operating cost
High comfort
14
Q[m/h]
2. Heating
Overview
UPE S 2000
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
+2 to +95C
PN 10 (10 bar)
60W to 2200W
Variable speed
Unions; Flanges
130 to 450 mm
Cast iron; Bronze
C
Alarm relay
Digital input
Analog input
GENIbus
M P F
High efficiency
Wide product range
Communication
UPE Series 2000

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
Easy start-up
End user:
Long lifetime
Very low operating cost
Very high comfort
Access to operation data
Q[m/h]
15
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
Overview
TPE S 2000
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-25 to +140C
PN 16 (16 bar)
1.1kW to 7.5kW
Variable speed
Flanges
280 to 450 mm
Cast iron
C
Alarm relay
Digital input
Analog input
GENIbus
M P F
Integrated diff. pressure sensor
High efficiency
Wide product range
Cataphoresis treated
Communication
TPE Series 2000

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Easy start-up
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
High comfort
16
Q[m/h]
2. Heating
Overview
TP
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-25 to +150C
PN 10/16/25
0.37kW to 630kW
1 speed
Flanges
280 to 1400 mm
Cast iron; Bronze
C
None
M P F
High efficiency
Wide product range
Twin head pumps
Standard motor
TP
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
Low operating cost
High comfort
Q[m/h]
17
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
Overview
TPE S 1000
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-25 to + 140C
PN 16 (16 bar)
1.1kW to 22kW
Variable speed
Flanges
280 to 450 mm
Cast iron
C
Alarm relay
Digital input
Analog input
GENIbus
M P F
High efficiency
Wide product range
Communication
TPE Series 1000

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Easy start-up
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
High comfort
18
Q[m/h]
2. Heating
Overview
NB/NK
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Pump housing
-10 to + 140C
PN 16 ( 16 bar )
0.37 KW to 315 KW
1 speed
DN 32 - 300
Cast iron, Bronze
C
None
M P F
Flexibility
High efficiency
Wide product range
Spacer coupling
Wide system range
Standard motor
NB/NK
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
Low operating cost
Q[m/h]
19
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
Overview
NBE/NKE S 1000
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Pump housing
-10 to +140C
PN 16 ( 16 bar )
0.75 KW to 7.5 KW
Variable
DN 32 - 125
Cast iron
C
Alarm relay
Digital input
Analog input
GENIbus
M P F
High efficiency
Wide product range
Communication
NBE/NKE Series 1000

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Easy start-up
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
High comfort
20
Q[m/h]
2. Heating
System description
M
F
Due to variation in the heat demand and the flow,
we recommend to use speed controlled pumps in
parallel as main pumps. Maximum 3 pumps plus
1 as standby pump. By speed controlling all the
pumps it is possible to obtain the maximum energy
saving.
Flow
%
Flow variation in a
reference year (8760 hours)
Flow
per Pump
m3/h
Pump type
0 - 60
UPE Series 2000
60 - 100
TPE Series 2000
100 - 300
TPE Series 1000, NBE/NKE Series 1000
300 - 1000
NK + External freq. converter
300 - 3000
TP + External freq. converter
Hours/year
It is important to check the efficiency at the duty

point where the system has a high number of
operating hours.
Flow
Duty point with a high number

of operating hours
I
Using UPE and TPE Series 2000, no external pressure sensor and motor protection is necessary, only
a PMU is needed for parallel operation.
It is possible to have proportional pressure without
a sensor placed in the system.
For pumps above 22 kW both external sensor, motor
protection and a pump control unit is necessary.
When pumps are installed in parallel
non-return valves must be installed
21
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
System description
B
F
The primary task of the boiler shunt pump is to
ensure that the temperature differences between
top and bottom of the boiler are not too big, big
temperature differences cause tension in the material and thus reduce the life of the boiler.
For certain types of fuel there is a risk of corrosion
at too low temperatures at the bottom of the boiler.
Maximum safety is ensured when using a controlled pump, and the energy saving is optimal.
tF
90C
tR
50C
t = 40C
D
Flow
per Pump
m3/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
150 - 1000
150 - 3000

NPSH
m
Often the pumps have high flow and low head,

and then it is important to check the NPSH value
of the pump.
Max. flow
Head
m
Flow
Flow
I
TPE Series 1000: The pumps have an integrated
frequency converter and a motor protection.
A temperature transmitter with an output signal of
0/5-10V or 0/4-20 mA should be used. R100 remote
control is used for start-up and later reading out of
operating data.
TP/NK: The mentioned pump types require an external frequency converter and an external regulator.
Placing of temperature sensor
22
2. Heating
System description
M
= 100kW
Q = 4.3 m3/h
tF = 60C
tF = 40C
Due to variation in use and heat demand in different parts of the building, the system is divided
into zones controlled by a mixing loop. The flow
temperature will be lower than in the mains supply, which will result in a higher flow in the zone
than in the mains supply. This will help obtain a
better hydraul-ic balance in the total system. Speed
controlling the pump makes it possible to obtain
the maximum energy saving.
tF = 80C
tF = 40C
Q = 2.15 m /h
3
Flow
per Pump
m3/h
Pump type
5 - 60
UPE Series 2000
60 - 100
TPE Series 2000
When using a two-way valve, the pressure lost in

the valve will be managed by the main pump. When
using a three-way valve, the pump in the mixing
loop also has to manage the pressure lost in the
valve.
p
pump
Mixing loop with 2 way valve
p
pump
Using UPE and TPE Series 2000 there is no need for

an external pressure sensor and a motor protection.
It is possible to have proportional pressure without
a sensor placed in the system.
Mixing loop with 2 way valve
23
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
System description
H
F
A heating surface heats the air which through the
ventilation system is blown into the building. The
temperature in the heating surface depends on the
outdoor temperature and is controlled by way of the
ventilation systems control unit. The system has a
constant flow and variable temperature, where it
is important that the flow is correct. Normally the
flow is adjusted by a regulating valve, it may also be
an advantage to use an adjustable pump (E-pump).
M
Flow adjusted
with a valve
M
Flow adjusted
with a pump
D
Flow
per Pump
m3/h
Pump type
0 - 60
UPE Series 2000
60 - 300
TPE Series 1000
Head
Flow adjusted
with a valve
Max. speed
p valve
Power
Correct flow
I
UPE Series 2000:
The pump is set to constant curve and then adjusted
to the correct flow.
TPE Series 1000:
The pump is set at uncontrolled mode, and then
adjusted to the correct flow.
This is easily done with remote control R100.
Flow
Head
Max. speed
Reduced speed
Flow
Power
Correct flow
24
Flow adjusted
with a pump
2. Heating
System description
H
F
The purpose of the system is to recover the heat
of the outlet air. The primary task of the pump
is to ensure an optimal flow between the heating
surfaces. The pump/valve is controlled from the
general control unit of the ventilation system. The
saving potential of using a controlled pump in
stead of a three-way valve to reach the correct
temperature is very big.
D
3 way valve controlled system
Flow
per Pump
m3/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
The total efficiency of the system depends on

whether the circulated quantity of water is correct.
If there is a risk of temperatures below 0C in the air
intake of the system, the system must be applied
with an antifreeze agent. If a 37% glocyl mixture is
used, this will protect against frost down to 20C.
Pump controlled system
I
The pump is set at uncontrolled, and the signal
from the central control unit is connected to the
analog entry (0/5-10v or 0/4-20 mA).
R100 remote control must be used in connection
with setting up the pump.
Air in
Air out
t1
t2
t3
System efficiency =
t2 - t1
t3 - t1
25
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
System description
H
F
The purpose of the system is domestic hot water
heating. The function of the circulator pump is to
ensure that hot water is always available as close
to the tapping point as possible, in order to reduce
waste of water and increase the comfort. In certain
installations (loading circuits) the pump can at
the same time ensure the circulation between the
inverter and the storage tank.
D
Flow
per Pump
m3/h
Cold water
Pump type
Uncontrolled
Controlled
0.5 - 6
UPS Series 100
TPE Series 1000
6 - 60
UPS Series 200
TPE Series 1000
60 - 300
TP
TPE Series 1000
Normally uncontrolled pumps are used, because

usually the flow variation is only small. It may be
advantageous to use controlled pumps for adjustment of the flow when starting up the system,
though.
In large systems it will also be an advantage to use
a temperature controlled pump.
I
Because of the contents of gasses in water, it is
important that this gas is not gathered in the pump,
thus reducing the lifetime of the pump. Therefore
it is always recommended to install the pump with
upward flow direction, and minimum horizontal
flow direction.
Hot
water
Hot
Temperature
water
transmitter
circulation
Cold water
Hot
water
Hot
water
circulation
Air-vent
Cold water
26
2. Heating
System description
H
F
To make the system as flexible as possible, the
heating and storage of the domestic hot water are
divided into two units, one for heating and one for
accumulation of the hot water. The construction
of the systems among others depends on the kind
of heat exchanger (charger) used. The pump is controlled by the temperature in the storage tank,
either ON/OFF or variable speed.
HW
HWC
Hot water
storage tank
Recirculation pump
CW
Charge pump
D
Flow
per Pump
m3/h
Pump type
Uncontrolled
Controlled
0.5 - 6
UPS Series 100
TPE Series 1000
6 - 60
UPS Series 200
TPE Series 1000
60 - 300
TP
TPE Series 1000
Recirculation and
charge pump
HW
HWC
Hot water
storage tank
If one pump is used for both accumulation and

circulation, the minimum flow of the pump must be
the same as the required flow for circulation.
CW
Charge
exchanger
Recirculation
exchanger
HWC
HW
Hot water
storage tank
M
If the pump is installed on the hot side of the

exchanger, it must be ensured that the temperature
does not exceed required max. temperature, as this
may cause lime depositing in the pump.
Because of the contents of gasses in water, it is
important that this gas is not gathered in the pump,
thus reducing the lifetime of the pump. Therefore
it is always recommended to install the pump with
upward flow direction, and minimum horizontal
flow direction.
CW
Charge pump
Recirculation pump
27
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
M
Q
Step 1: Define total m2 heated area
Step 2: Define heat loss per m2
Step 3: Define t of the system
Step 4: Define p of the pump
Step 5: Find the exact pump in the data booklet
ex. 20,000 m2
ex. 50 W/m2 (total heat loss 1,000 kW)
ex. t 20C (flow 43 m3/h)
ex. 10 m
ex. TPE 80-180 3.0 kW
100 W/m2 = Old building (low insulation)
t = 40C
t = 30C
t = 20C
t = 10C
75 W/m2 = Old building (medium insulation)

Heating demand in [kW]
50 W/m2 = New building (high insulation)
ex. (tF 90C - tR 50C)

ex. (tF 80C - tR 50C)
ex. (tF 70C - tR 50C)
ex. (tF 60C - tR 50C)
W/m2 = 100
W/m2 = 75
W/m2 = 50
t = 40C
t = 30C
t = 20C
t = 10C
Heated area in [m2]
= 1 pump + 1 stand-by pump (dry runner)

= 2 pumps + 1 stand-by pump (dry runner)
Heat in [m]
= 1 pump + 1 stand-by pump (wet runner)
Flow in [m3/h]
28
2. Heating
How to select
M
Q
Step 1: Define total m2 heated area
Step 2: Define heat loss per m2
Step 3: Define t of the system
Step 4: Define p of the pump
100 W/m2 = Old building (low insulation)
t = 40C
t = 30C
t = 20C
t = 10C
75 W/m2 = Old building (medium insulation)
W/m2 = 100
W/m2 = 75
W/m2 = 50
t = 40C
t = 30C
t = 20C
t = 10C
Heated area in [m2]

Heat in [m]
Heating demand in [kW]
50 W/m2 = New building (high insulation)
ex. (tF 90C - tR 50C)

ex. (tF 80C - tR 50C)
ex. (tF 70C - tR 50C)
ex. (tF 60C - tR 50C)
Flow in [m3/h]
29
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
M
S 1:
Calculate the flow required in the system:
x 0.86
=Q
(tF-tR)
= Heat demand in [kW]
Q = Volume flow rate in [m3/h]
tF = Dimensioning flow pipe temperature in [C]
tR = Dimensioning return-pipe temperature in [C]
0.86 is the conversion factor (kcal/h to kW)
Head
[m]
Max.
duty point
Required
head
System
characteristics
Calculate the heat required in the system:

The value to the end farthest off or the high value
of the system is the basis for pump dimensioning.
Flow required
Flow [m3/h]
S 2:
Flow in %
Lay down the flow variation of the system:

Ex. of variation in the flow:
100% flow
for
5% hours
75% flow
for
10% hours
50% flow
for
35% hours
25% flow
for
50% hours
= Variation in flow
= Calculation profile
Operating hours in %
S 3:
S 4:
Define if it is profitable to speed control the pump
depending on variation in flow and duration of
variation.
30
Max. variation in flow
Lay down the operating hours per year:

System with domestic hot water production:
8,760 hours/year.
System without domestic hot water production,
depending on the location:
ex. 5,500 hours/year.
Profitable to speed
control the pump
Unprofitable to speed
control the pump
%
Duration of variation in flow
2. Heating
How to select
M
S 5:
Define number of pumps in the system
Systems with constant flow:
Pumps in operation and stand-by pumps.
When there is no variation in the flow, 1 pump in
operation and 1 stand-by pump are probably the
solution. Here, the efficiency in the duty point is
very important.
Head in
[m]
Systems with variable flow:

Having variation, it can be profitable to choose
more than 1 pump together with 1 stand-by pump.
Here it is also important to check the efficiency in
the duty point where there are a lot of operating
hours.
Flow in [m/h]
Flow
Duty point with a lot of

operating hours
S 6:
Where to place the transmitter:
p pump
Define where to place the differential pressure

transmitter.
For smaller systems it is possible to use pumps
(pumps up to 7.5kW) with integrated transmitter
and controller; the pressure loss compensation will
be managed by the built-in controller.
For larger systems the differential pressure transmitter can be placed either over the pump or at a
critical point in the system.
p system
31
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
M .
S D:
tF
tR
Distribution net
Heating production
80,000 m2 old renovated building

75 W/m2
Heat demand: (80,0000 m2 x 0.075 W/m2) 6,000 kW
Flow temperature (tF):
90C
Return temperature (tR):
50C
t : (90C 50C)
40C
Flow ((6,000x0.86)/40)
129 m3/h
p at max. flow (129 m3/h):
18 m
S:
1 constant speed pump + 1 stand-by pump
Selected pump:
2 x NK 80-250/259
Motor size:
2 x 11.0 kW
Variation in flow:
pinlet poutlet =
p pump system
poutlet
H[m]
100% flow
for
5% hours
75% flow
for
10% hours
50% flow
for
35% hours
25% flow
for
50% hours
NK
Operating hours per year: 8,760 hours
E :
32
pinlet
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
438
9.8
4,292
75
876
8.3
7,270
50
3,066
6.6
20,235
25
4,380
4.8
21,024
Total
8,760
Total
52,821
Q[m/h]
2. Heating
How to select
M .
S D:
tF
tR
Distribution net
75 W/m2
6,000 kW
90C
50C
40C
129 m3/h
18 m
Heat production
80,000 m2 old renovated building

Heat demand: (80,0000 m2 x 0.075 W/m2)
t : (90C 50C)
Flow ((6,000 x 0.86)/40)
p at max. flow (129 m3/h):
S:
2 speed controlled pumps + 1 stand-by pump

Selected pump:
3 x TPE 80-240
Motor size:
3 x 5.5 kW
poutlet
Variation in flow:
pinlet poutlet =
p pump system
pinlet
Head in
[m]
100% flow
for
5% hours
75% flow
for
10% hours
50% flow
for
35% hours
25% flow
for
50% hours
Flow in [m/h]
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
438
10.3
4,551
75
876
5.9
5,168
50
3,066
3.62
11,099
25
4,380
1.31
5,738
Total
8,760
Total
26,516
33
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
M
S 1:
1 constant speed pump + 1 stand-by pump
Selected pump:
2 x NK 80-250/259
Motor size:
2 x 11.0 kW
Control panel:
Motor protection
Change-over switch
Access to system data:
No
Price index:
100 (4,500 EURO)
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
438
9.8
4,292
75
876
8.3
7,270
50
3,066
6.6
20,235
25
4,380
4.8
21,024
Total
8,760
Total
52,821
S 2:
2 speed controlled pumps + 1 stand-by pump
Selected pump:
3 x TPE 80-240
Motor size:
3 x 5.5kW
Controller:
PMU
Yes
Price index:
162 (7,290 EURO)
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
438
10.3
4,551
75
876
5.9
5,168
50
3,066
3.62
11,099
25
4,380
1.31
5,738
Total
8,760
Total
26,516
C/:
The comparison of the two systems makes it clear
that the large savings are gained by reduced flow.
Already at a flow of 75% the savings are 29%. In
addition to the energy saving there is also an increase in comfort, due to the reduced pressure and
thereby reduced noise in the system valves.
Depending on the energy price the pay-back time is
very short for the extra costs of the speed controlled
pump system.
At a cost of 0.1 EURO per kWh, the pay-back time is
approximately 1.1 years.
34
Flow
[%]
Sys.1
[kWh]
Sys. 2 Savings Savings

[kWh] [kWh]
%
100
4,292
4,551
-259
-6
75
7,270
5,168
2,102
29
50
20,235
11,099
9,136
45
25
21,024
5,738
15,286
72
Total
52,821
26,516
26,305
50
2. Heating
How to select
B .
S D:
Boiler effect:
Return temperature (tRB):
Flow (QSH):
p with max. flow (129 m3/h):
2,000 kW
90C
50C
70C
86 m3/h
8m
tF
90C
tR
50C
tRB
70C
S:
1 Constant speed pump
Selected pump:
Motor size:
1 x CLM 125-211
1 x 4,0 kW
Variation in flow:
100% flow
for
33% hours
75% flow
for
33% hours
50% flow
for
33% hours
Max. load
main system
Min. load
main system
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
1,833
3.7
6,782
75
1,833
3.7
6,782
75
1,833
3.7
6,782
Total
5,500
Total
20,346
p
valve
35
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
B .
S D:
Boiler effect:
Return temperature (tRB):
Flow (QSH):
p with max. flow (129 m3/h):
2,000 kW
90C
50C
70C
86 m3/h
8m
tF
90C
tR
50C
tRB
70C
S:
Selected pump:
Motor size:
1 x CLME 125-211
1 x 4,0 kW
Variation in flow:
100% flow
for
33% hours
75% flow
for
33% hours
50% flow
for
33% hours
Max. load
main system
Min. load
main system
E :
36
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
1,833
3.5
6,415
75
1,833
1.3
2,383
50
1,833
0.4
773
Total
5,500
Total
9,571
2. Heating
How to select
M .
S D:
Q zone:
1.72 m/h
tFZ 70C
p pump:
2.0 m
tRZ 50C
tF 90C
Example with two-way valve:

Heat demand in the zone:
60 kW
Flow temperature main system (tF):
90C
Flow temperature in the zone (tFZ):
70C
Return temperature in the zone (tRZ):
40C
Flow ((60 x 0.86)/30):
1.72 m3/h
p zone at max. flow (1.72 m3/h):
(radiators+RTV+pipes/valves)(0.2+0.8+1.0):
2m
Q main
1.03 m/h
S:
1 speed controlled pump
Selected pump:
Motor size:
Operating hours per year:
UPE 25-40
1 x 60 W
5,500
With an MC module it is possible to have an alarm

from the pump.
With an MB module it is possible to have GENIbus
communication, + G10 (gateway) being LONWORK.
MB
40/60
Alarm:
Min./Max. curve:
Stop/start:
Analog 0-10V:
output
input
input
input
Power
supply
MB
40/60
Power
supply
Min./Max. curve: input

Stop/start:
input
GENIbus:
in/output
+ G10 LONWORK: in/output
G10
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
275
54
14.9
75
550
44
24.2
50
1,925
36
69.3
25
2,750
29
79.8
Total
5,500
Total
118.2
37
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
M .
S D:
Q zone:
1.72 m/h
tFZ 70C
p pump:
4.0 m
tRZ 50C
Example with three-way valve:

Heat demand in the zone:
60 kW
90C
Flow temperature in the zone (tFZ):
70C
Return temperature in the zone (tRZ):
40C
Flow ((60 x 0.86)/30):
1.72 m3/h
p zone at max. flow (1.72 m3/h):
three-way valve:
2.0 m
(radiators+RTV+pipes/valves)(0.2+0.8+1.0): 2.0 m
Total p:
4.0 m
tF 90C
Q main
1.03 m/h
S:
Selected pump:
Motor size:
UPE 25-80
1 x 250 W
5,500
With an MC module it is possible to have an alarm

from the pump.
With an MB module it is possible to have GENIbus
communication, + G10 (gateway) being LONWORK.
MB
80
38
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
275
130
35.8
75
550
107
58.9
50
1,925
89
171.3
25
2,750
78
214.5
Total
5,500
Total
480.5
output
input
input
input
Power
supply
MB
80
Power
supply
E :
Alarm:
Min./Max. curve:
Stop/start:
Analog 0-10V:
Min./Max. curve: input

Stop/start:
input
GENIbus:
in/output
+ G10 LONWORK: in/output
G10
2. Heating
How to select
H .
S D:
Example with constant speed pump:
Heat demand:
Flow temperature (tFS):
Flow ((100 x 0.86)/25):
p at max. flow (3.4 m3/h):
(surface+pipes/valves)(1.5+0.8+1.0):
100 kW
75C
50C
25C
3.4 m3/h
Air flow
Adjustment
valve
tR
M
3.3 m
Constant
speed pump
tFS
tF
S:
1 constant speed pump
Selected pump:
Motor size:
UPS 25-80
1 x 250 W
5,500
The pump is set at speed 3, and the flow is adjusted

to calculated flow.
At speed 3 and a flow of 3.4 m3/h the head is 5.8 m.
The pressure loss over the adjustment valve has to
be (5.8 3.3) = 2.5 m more than at fully open valve.
Head
5.8 m
Adjustment
valve
3.3 m
3.4 m/h
Flow
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
5,500
221
1,216
Total
5,500
Total
1,216
39
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
H .
S D:
Example with variable speed pump:
Heat demand:
Flow temperature (tFS):
Flow ((100 x 0.86)/25):
(surface+pipes/valves)(1.5+0.8):
100 kW
75C
50C
25C
3.4 m3/h
tR
Air flow
2.3 m
Variable
speed pump
S:
tFS

Selected pump:
Motor size:
UPE 25-80
1 x 250 W
5,500
The pump is set at constant curve and adjusted to

the right flow. The total head is lower due to no
adjustment valve in the system. At the same time it
is possible to communicate with the pump.
E :
Head
Max. curve
Reduced speed
2.3 m
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
5,500
140
770
Total
5,500
Total
770
S:
The energy saving compared to an installation
with an adjustment valve:
(1,216-770) = 446 kWh = 27%
Moreover, an adjustment valve is not required
(costs saved).
40
tF
3.4 m/h
Flow
2. Heating
How to select
H .
S D:
Example with three-way valve:
Heat transfer:
Temperature air (t1):
Temperature liquid (tF):
Temperature liquid (tR):
t liquid system (12-0):
Anti-freeze protection down to:
Calculation of flow:
Flow water((200 x 0.86)/12):
Compensation factor for anti-freeze:
(The specific heat drops by 20%)
(Density increase 6%)
Flow with anti-freeze liquid (14.3x1.14):
p system at max. flow
three-way valve:
(heat surface+pipes/valves)(2.3+1.0):
Total p: ((3.3+3.3) x 1.3)
200 kW
- 12C
+10C
+22C
+12C
+ 0C
+12C
-20C
t3
tF
t2
tR
14.3 m3/h
1.14
Air flow
outlet
Air flow
inlet
16.3 m3/h
C
Freezing point
Propylene glycol
Ethylene glycol
3.3 m
3.3 m
1.3
8.6 m
t1
Density
kg/m3
Glycol
Ethylene glycol
0C
10C
0C
10C
Propylene glycol
Glycol
S:
Selected pump:
Motor size:
TP 65-120
1 x 1.1 kW
5,500
Due to higher density the power consumption P2

will increase from 675 W to 715 W (P1=890W). To
prevent overload of the motor it is important to
check the max. P2 value of the motor. In this case
the value is 1100 W, which gives a good safety
margin. A dry-runner has been selected to avoid
problems with condensation in the motor, and the
shaft seal is of the RUUE type due to the liquid
with glycol.
41
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
H .
S D:
Example speed controlled pump:
Heat transfer:
Temperature liquid (tF):
Temperature liquid (tR):
t liquid system (12-0):
Anti-freeze protection down to:
200 kW
-12C
+10C
+22C
+12C
+ 0C
+12C
-20C
Flow water((200 x 0.86)/12):
14.3 m3/h
1.14
(The specific heat drops by 20%)
(Density increase 6%)
Flow with anti-freeze liquid (14.3 x 1.14): 16.3 m3/h
p system at max. flow
(heat surface+pipes/valves)(2.3+1.0):
3.3 m
1.3
Total p: (3.3 x 1.3)
4.3 m
t3
tR
Air flow
outlet
Air flow
inlet
C
Freezing point
Density
kg/m3
TPE 65-60
1 x 0.55 kW
5,500
The pump is set at uncontrolled mode, and via

the 0-10V analog input it is controlled by the air
handling unit controller.
Due to higher density the power consumption P2
will increase from 360 W to 385 W (P1=511W).
To prevent overload of the motor it is important
to check the max. P2 value of the motor. In this
case the value is 550 W, which gives a good safety
margin.
A dry-runner has been selected to avoid problems
with condensation in the motor, and the shaft seal
is of the RUUE type due to the liquid with glycol.
42
Glycol
Ethylene glycol
0C
10C
0C
10C
Propylene glycol
1 speed contolled pump

Selected pump:
Motor size:
t1
Propylene glycol
Ethylene glycol
S:
t2
tF
Glycol
2. Heating
How to select
H .
S 1:
Selected pump:
Motor size:
Three-way valve:
Price index:
TP 65-120
1 x 1.1 kW
5,500
Yes
No
100 (570 EURO)
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
5,500
890
4,895
Total
5,500
Total
4,895
S 2:
Selected pump:
Motor size:
Three-way valve:
Price index:
TPE 65-60
1 x 0.55 kW
No
5,500
Yes
150 (860 EURO)
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,200
511
1,124
75
2,200
308
678
50
1,100
173
190
Total
5,500
Total
1,992
C/:
Using a speed controlled pump, the total pressure
loss in the system drops dramatically, and it is possible to get a variable flow in the system depending
on the actual situation. When the flow is readjusted
the pump will follow the system characteristics
giving high savings. On top of the energy savings
there is also a saving in investment and installation
costs, as there is no need for the motor valve and
the by-pass.
Depending on the energy price the pay-back time is
very short for the extra costs of the speed controlled
pump system. At a cost of 0.1 EURO per kWh the
pay-back time is 1 year.
Flow
[%]
Sys.1
[kWh]
Sys. 2
[kWh]
100
4,895
1,124
75
678
50
190
Total
4,895
1,992
Saving
[kWh]
Saving
%
2,903
59
43
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
H .
S D:
Example with fixed speed pump:
Hotel with 320 rooms.
Circulation loss per room:
Total loss:
Hot water temperature (tH):
Circulation return temperature (tC):
t system:
Flow ((64 x 0.86)/10):
(tank+pipes/valves)(1.0+2.5+3.0):
200 W
64 kW
55C
45C
10C
5.5 m3/h
Hot
water
Hot
water
circulation
Air-vent
55C
45C
5.5 m/h
7.0 m
7.0 m
Cold water
S:
Selected pump:
Motor size:
UPS 32-120 FB
1 x 400 W
8,760
With a relay module built into the terminal box,

there is no need for external motor protection, and
at the same time the pump will have an alarm
relay.
Due to risk of corrosion the pump housing is made
of bronze.
Heat loss
Thermostatic
valve
Heat loss
E :
44
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,920
295
861
80
2,920
277
809
60
2,920
253
739
Total
8,760
Total
2,409
2. Heating
How to select
H .
S D:
Hotel with 320 rooms
Circulation loss per room:
Total loss:
Circulation return temperature (tC):
t system:
Flow ((64 x 0.86)/10):
(tank+pipes/valves)(1.0+2.5+1.0):
200 W
64 kW
55C
45C
10C
5.5 m3/h
Hot
water
Hot
water
circulation
Air-vent
55C
45C
5.5 m/h
5.0 m
Temperature
transmitter
5.0 m
Cold water
S:
Selected pump:
Motor size:
TPE 40-60
1 x 370 W
8,760
Heat loss
There is no need for motor protection, and at the

same time the pump will have an alarm relay.
The pump is set at controlled mode, and the signal
from the temperature transmitter is connected
directly to the terminal box.
E :
Heat loss
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,920
260
760
80
2,920
185
540
60
2,920
126
368
Total
8,760
Total
1,668
Savings compared to a system with thermostatic

valves are 30%. Furthermore, investment and total
installation costs are lower.
45
2. Heating
FLOW THINKING
How to select
H .
S D:
Hotel with 320 rooms.
Total effect (9,600/10):
Cold water temperature (tCO):
t system:
Flow ((800 x0.86)/47):
(tank/exchanger+pipes/valves)
(1.0+3.5+0.5+1.5):
800 kW
55C
8C
47C
14.6 m/h
6.5 m
HW
HWC
M
Charge pump
Temp. transmitter
Hot water
storage tank
storage
ON/OFF thermostat
CW
S:
Selected pump:
Motor size:
TPE 50-120
1 x 1.1 kW
5,110
There is no need for motor protection, and at the

same time the pump will have an alarm relay. The
pump is set at controlled mode, and the signal from
the temperature transmitter is connected directly
to the terminal box. The ON/OFF thermostat in
the storage tank is also connected direcly to the
terminal box.
E :
46
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
730
606
442
80
2,190
374
819
60
2,190
168
368
Total
5,110
Total
1,629
Flow in %
= Water consumption
= Variation in flow charge pump
Day-and-night
FLOW THINKING
3. Air-conditioning
Overview
System/products
Product description
System description
Primary pumps
Cooling towers
Dry cooler
Secondary pumps
Cooling surfaces
Cooling ceilings/floors
Fan coils
Heat recovery
Pressure holding
How to select
Primary pumps
Cooling towers
Dry cooler
Secondary pumps
Cooling surfaces
Cooling ceilings/floors
Fan coils
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
Overview
S/
Cooling tower
Heat
recovery
Fan coils
Cooling ceiling
M
Pressure
holding
Cooling surface
Primary
pump
M
M
Secondary
pumps
Dry coolers
Cooling surfaces
Cooling ceiling/floors
Fan coils
Heat recovery
Pressure holding
First choice = X
48
HS
Cooling tower
NBE/NKE Series 1000
NB/NK
Secondary pumps - main pumps
TPE Series 1000
Primary pumps - chiller pumps
TP
System Type
TPE Series 2000
Product Type
UPS Series 200
UPS Series 100
Buffer
tank
X
Second choice = O
CR/CRE
Chiller
3. Air-conditioning
Overview
P /
PC User level
(BMS supply)
Sub-station level
(BMS supply)
p
NBE/NKE Series 1000
HS
Remote control
GENIbus
LONbus
External Start/Stop
Analog input
External sensor
First choice = X
CRE
CR
TPE Series 1000
Communication
TP
External alarm
Product Type
UPS Series 100
TPE Series 2000
UPE Series 2000
UPS Series 200
Component level
(Grundfos)
NB/NK
G10
PMU
Second choice = O
49
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
Overview
P /
Functionality
50
Used in
connection
with
Max. kW
pump size
PMU
Management unit
for up to 8 pumps
TPE Series 2000
22 kW
PFU
Preset controller
for up to 4 pumps
Inline E-pumps
22 kW
Delta Control
Complete control
panel for up to
4 pumps
In-Line E-pumps
Endsuction E-Pumps
In-Line
22 kW
630 kW
PCU
Contact unit for

up to 4 pumps
PMU
PFU
3. Air-conditioning
Overview
P
Air-conditioning Product Range

Survey curve 50 Hz
H[m]
HS: 110 - 1300 kW

NB: 0,37 - 30 kW
NK: 0,37 - 315 kW
TP: 0,37 - 630 kW
TPE Series 2000

0,37 - 7,5 kW
TPE/NBE/NKE Series 1000
0,37 - 22 kW
UPS Series 100

UPS Series 200
TPE Series 1000
TPE Series 2000
0,06 - 2,2 kW
Q[m3/h]
51
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
Overview
F /
Features
Benefits
Wide product range
Only one supplier
Wide system range
Easy selection
Support tools
Safe selection
I
Easy/safe installation
Safe/quick start up
Clear user interface
Quick start up
Safe installation
Lower installation cost
52
High comfort
High quality materials
Durability and Reliability
Variable speed
Energy saving and Controllability
High efficiency
Low operation cost
3. Air-conditioning
Overview
UPS S 100
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-25 to +110C
PN 10 (10 bar)
25W to 250W
1 to 3 speed
Unions; Flanges
130 to 250 mm
Cast iron; Bronze
Stainless Steel
C
No
M P F
Easy access to speed switch
High efficiency
Wide product range
UPS Series 100

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
2 years warranty
End user:
Maintenance free
Durability
Low operating cost
High comfort
Q[m/h]
53
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
Overview
UPS S 200
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-10 to +120C
PN 10 (10 bar)
250W to 2200W
3 speed
Flanges (PN6/10)
220 to 450 mm
Cast iron; Bronze
C
Alarm module
GENIbus module
(accessories)
(accessories)
M P F
High efficiency
Motor protection module
Wide product range
UPS Series 200

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
Easy to start-up
End user:
Long lifetime
Maintenance free
Low operating cost
High comfort
54
Q[m/h]
3. Air-conditioning
Overview
TPE S 2000
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-25 to +140C
PN 16 (16 bar)
0.37kW to 7.5kW
Variable speed
Flanges
280 to 450 mm
Cast iron
C
Alarm relay
Digital input
Anlog input
GENIbus
M P F
Integrated diff. pressure sensor
High efficiency
Wide product range
Catephoresis coated
Communication
TPE Series 2000

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Easy start-up
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
High comfort
Q[m/h]
55
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
Overview
TP
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-25 to +150C
PN 10/16/25
0.37kW to 630kW
1 speed
Flanges
280 to 1400 mm
Cast iron; Bronze
C
None
M P F
High efficiency
Wide product range
Twin head pumps
Standard motor
TP
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
Low operating cost
High comfort
Q[m/h]
56
3. Air-conditioning
Overview
TPE S 1000
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Port to port
Pump housing
-25 to + 140C
PN 16 (16 bar)
1.1kW to 22kW
Variable speed
Flanges
280 to 450 mm
Cast iron
C
Alarm relay
Digital input
Anlog input
GENIbus
M P F
High efficiency
Wide product range
Catephoresis coated
Communication
TPE Series 1000

H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Easy start-up
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
High comfort
Q[m/h]
57
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
Overview
NB/NK
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Pump housing
-10 to + 140C
PN 16 ( 16 bar )
0.37 KW to 315 KW
50 Hz, 2 - 4 and 6 pol
DN 32 - 300
Cast iron; Bronze
C
None
M P F
Flexibility
High efficiency
Wide product range
Spacer coupling
Standard motor
NB/NK
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
Low operating cost
Q[m/h]
58
3. Air-conditioning
Overview
NBE/NKE
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Connections
Pump housing
-10 to +140C
PN 16 ( 16 bar )
0.75 KW to 7.5 KW
Variable
DN 32 - 125
Cast iron
C
Alarm relay
Digital input
Anlog input
GENIbus
M P F
High efficiency
Wide product range
Communication
NBE/NKE
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Easy start-up
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
High comfort
Q[m/h]
59
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
Overview
HS
T D
Temperature
Pressure
Power range
Speed
Flanges
Pump housing
-8 to + 120C
PN 16 ( 16 bar )
1.5 KW to 900 KW
50 Hz, 60 Hz, 2 and 4 pol
50 - 350 mm
Cast iron
C
None
M P F
Flexibility
High efficiency
Wide product range
Mechanical seal
Spacer coupling
Standard motor
Available in special material and flange options
HS
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation and maintenance
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
Low operating cost
Q[m/h]
60
3. Air-conditioning
System description
P (C )
F
Application with one chiller.
The chiller is fitted with temperature sensors which
control the temperature difference depending on
the cooling load. Care must be taken to ensure
that there is no freezing up of the evaporator coils.
Because of this, a constant water flow is required
and usually a fixed speed pump is installed.
Control is normally via a regulating valve, but it may
be possible to use a variable speed pump which is
controlled according to the start/stop sequence of
the chiller.
Chiller pump
Flow adjusted
with a valve
Chiller pump
Flow adjusted
with a pump
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
300 - 1000
300 - 3000
1000 - 3500
HS + External freq. converter
Flow adjusted
with a valve
Head
Max. speed
pvalve
Flow
Power
Correct flow
I
Pump is set to uncontrolled operation and then
adjusted to the correct flow. It is easily done with
the remote control R100.
Pump terminals for start/stop input are connected.
To secure a high comfort a standby pump can be
added. Controller PFU will be used for alternation
between two pumps.
Head
Max. speed
Flow adjusted
with a variable
speed pump
Reduced speed
Flow
Power
Correct flow
61
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
System description
F
2 chillers are connected in parallel, each having
their own pump.
The chillers have their own control systems and as
there is a risk of ice forming inside the evaporators,
a constant water flow is recommended.
The chillers run in cascade with the pumps being
controlled by a start/stop signal from the chillers.
On start, pumps start before the chillers start. On
stop, pumps stop just after the chillers stop. With
fixed speed (uncontrolled) pumps there is a variation of pressure in the circuit hence a flow variation.
See diagram Solution: Using variable speed pumps
the pressure drops through the evaporators are
controlled by differential pressure sensors. In order
to keep this pressure constant, pump performances
are controlled, the right flow attained and energy
consumption minimized.
p will increase when

2 pumps are running
Duty point when

2 pumps
are running
H2
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
300 - 1000
300 - 3000
1000 - 3500
Duty point
when
1 pump is running
H1
Q2
Q1
Uncontrolled pump
Duty point when

2 pumps are running
H2
Duty point when

1 pump is running
I
Pump is set to controlled operation (p control). It is
easily done with the remote control R100.
Pump terminals for start/stop input are connected.
To secure a high comfort, a standby pump can be
added. Controller PFU will be used for alternation
between two pumps.
62
H1
Q2
Variable speed pump
3. Air-conditioning
System description
D
F
The chiller varies its performance according to the
cooling demand of the system. It is recommended
that the system has a constant flow, normally
adjusted by an regulating valve. It may be an advantage to use a variable speed pump which can provide a financially viable alternative.
Flow adjusted with a valve
D
Flow adjusted with a pump
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
300 - 1000
300 - 3000
1000 - 3500
Flow adjusted
with a valve
Head
Max. speed
pvalve
Flow
Power
In such systems, risk of frost will involve the use

of glycol mixture.
Correct flow
I
Pump is set to uncontrolled operation and then
adjusted to the correct flow. It is easily done with
the remote control R100.
To secure a high comfort, a standby pump can be
added. Controller PFU has to be used for alternation
between two pumps.
Head
Max. speed
Flow adjusted
with a pump
Reduced speed
Flow
Power
Correct flow
63
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
System description
C
F
The chiller varies its performance according to the
cooling demand of the system. The cooling tower
has to be controlled, in order to keep a constant
return water temperature for the condenser.
Usually, the cooling tower water flow is controlled
by a three-way valve. The condenser has a constant
flow, normally adjusted by a regulating valve.
As an alternative, we recommend control of cooling
tower water flow by variable speed pumps. Pumps
adapt their speed according to the return water
temperature measured by the sensor. The complete
system has a variable flow, and therefore maximum
energy savings can be obtained.
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
300 - 1000
300 - 3000
1000 - 3500
Flow in %
Hours/year
In such systems, risk of frost will involve the use

of glycol mixture.
Parallel operation
I
Temperature sensor is placed on the return pipe.
When using TPE Series 1000, no motor protection is
necessary, but for bigger systems, a pump control
unit must be added for parallel operation. For bigger systems, motor protection and pump control
unit are necessary.
An open cooling tower must be located on the
upper point of the circuit. This in order to obtain a
sufficient inlet pressure to avoid cavitation in the
pump.
64
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
System description
S (M )
Flow in %
Installation with 2 way valves.

The demand for cooling varies greatly during the
year. When the installation is equipped with twoway valves, the flow is variable. In this case we recommend the use of variable speed pumps installed
in parallel as main pumps. Using a PFU controller
a maximum of 4 pumps can be controlled. By varying the speed of all the pumps, maximum energy
savings can be obtained.
Hours/year
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
5 - 100
TPE Series 2000
100 - 300
TPE Series 1000
300 - 1000
300 - 3000
1000 - 3500
Flow

of operating hours

point, where the system has a high number of
operating hours.
Using TPE Series 2000, no external pressure sensor

and motor protection is necessary, only a PMU is
needed for parallel operation. It is possible to have
proportional pressure without a sensor placed in
the system.
For bigger systems, both external sensor, motor
protection and a pump control unit is necessary.
Buffer
tank
When pumps are installed in parallel

non-return valves must be installed
65
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
System description
S (M )
The demand for cooling varies greatly during the

year. When the installation is equipped with threeway valves, the flow around the primary circuit is
constant, with the flow to the room coolers being
controlled by the three way valves. When the cooling demand is low, water coming from the chiller is
by-passed and the return temperature is reduced.
If the chiller is not controlled by this return temperature, we recommend the use of variable speed
pumps mounted in parallel up to a maximum of
4 pumps.
By controlling the speed of all the pumps, the return
temperature is maintained, and maximum energy
savings obtained.
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
300 - 1000
300 - 3000
1000 - 3500
Flow in %
Hours/year
Parallel operation
I
Temperature sensor is placed on the return pipe
after the last connecting point. Using TPE Series
1000, no motor protection is necessary, but for
bigger systems, a pump control unit must be added
for parallel operation. For bigger systems, motor
protection and pump control unit are necessary.
66
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
System description
C
F
A cooler battery cools the air, which is blown into
the building through the air conditioning system.
The temperature in the cooler battery is dependent
on the outside temperature and is controlled via the
air conditioning systems control unit. To ensure
a good heat transmission coefficient, the system
requires a constant flow.
The cooler battery output is controlled by a temperature controller, using a mixing circuit equipped
with either a two-way or three-way valve.
Normally the flow is adjusted by a regulating Valve
but it may be an advantage to use a variable speed
pump.
Flow adjusted
with a valve
Flow adjusted
with a pump
Flow adjusted
with a valve
Head
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
Max. speed
pvalve
Flow
Power
Correct flow
I
TPE Series 1000:
The pump is set at uncontrolled mode, and then
adjusted to the correct flow.
This is easily done with remote control R100.
Head
Max. speed
Flow adjusted
with a pump
Reduced speed
Flow
Power
Correct flow
67
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
System description
C /
M
15C
T
18C
T
M
Due to the risk of condensation, the flow temperature

through a chilled beam/floor network must be higher
than the temperature in the pipework from the
chiller. A mixing circuit equipped with either two-way
or three-way valves controls this temperature.
Due to variation in use and cooling demand in different parts of the building, the cooling duty of the
chilled beam / floor network is controlled by two-way
valves via a room control unit. By varying the speed
of the pump, it is possible to increase the electrical
energy saving of the system.
T
M
6C
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
5 - 100
TPE Series 2000
Flow in %

operating hours.
Hours/year
I
Using TPE Series 2000 there is no need for an external pressure sensor and a motor protection. It
is possible to have proportional pressure without a
sensor placed in the system.
Flow

of operating hours
68
3. Air-conditioning
System description
F
T
M
10C
T
15C
T
M
In order to avoid too cold air flow, the flow temperature through the fan coil network must be
higher the water temperature from the chiller.
A mixing circuit with either two-way or three-way
valves controls this temperature.
Due to variation in use and cooling demand in
different parts of the building, the cooling duty of
the fan coil network is controlled by two-way valves
via a room control unit. By varying the speed of the
pump, it is possible to increase the electrical energy
saving of the system.
6C
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
5 - 100
TPE Series 2000
Flow in %

operating hours.
Hours/year
I
Using TPE Series 2000 there is no need for an
external pressure sensor and a motor protection. It
is possible to have proportional pressure without a
sensor placed in the system.
Flow

of operating hours
69
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
System description
H
F
If there is a demand for Domestic Hot Water when
the air conditioning system is in operation it is a good
idea to recover the enery from the condenser to preheat the water. It can be done in a storage tank or via
a heat exchanger.
The pump most only be in operation together with
the chiller and when the temperature of the cold
water is below the temperature in the condenser.
This can be secured by either an ON/OFF control or a
temperature controlled pump.
DHW
DCW
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 300
TPE Series 1000
ON/OFF operation
ON
OFF
Time
Using temperature control the maximum allowed

coming back to the condenser will be the set point
and can be measured in the bottom of the storage
tank.
The Start/Stop function for in the pump can be
used.
Temperature control
H
50%
70
100%
3. Air-conditioning
System description
P
F
In stead of using a large closed pressure tank, one
or more pumps together with an open storage tank
will keep a constant static pressure in the system.
If the system pressure is exceeding the allowable
level a relief valve will lead the water back to the
tank.
It is recommended to use treated water.
D
Flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
5 - 60
CR/CRE
60 - 720
Hydro 2000
H
Set point
I
Max. flow
It is recommendable always to install a standby

pump. If the system is used for refilling the system
please note that there is a risk of cavitation in the
pump when the system pressure is very low. To
avoid this the flow from the pump has to to be
throttled down.
Cavitation risk
71
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
P C P
Q
Step 1: Define total m cooled area
Step 2: Define the cooling demand per m
Step 3: Define the t of the system
Step 4: Define the p of the pump
ex. 250,000 m
ex. 50 W/m (total cooling demand 12,500 kW)
ex. t 5C
(flow 2,150 m/h)
ex. 45 m
ex. 3x NK 200-400/400 132 kW
100 W/m = Old building (low insulation)
t = 10C ex. (tF 8C - tR 18C)

t = 5C ex. (tF 6C - tR 11C)
75 W/m = Old building (medium insulation)

Cooling demand in [kW]
50 W/m = New building (high insulation)
W/m = 100
W/m = 75
W/m = 50
t = 10C
t = 5C
Cooled area in [m]

Heat in [m]
= 4-5 pumps + 1 stand-by pump (dry runner)
Flow in [m/h]
72
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
P C P
Q
Step 1: Define total m cooled area
Step 2: Define the cooling loss per m
Step 3: Define the t in the system
Step 4: Define the p of the pump
100 W/m = Old building (low insulation)
t = 10C ex. (tF 8C - tR 18C)

t = 5C ex. (tF 6C - tR 11C)
75 W/m = Old building (medium insulation)

W/m = 100
W/m = 75
W/m = 50
t = 10C
t = 5C
Cooled area in [m]

Heat in [m]
Cooling demand in [kW]
50 W/m = New building (high insulation)

= 4-5 pumps + 1 stand-by pump (dry runner)
Flow in [m/h]
73
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
S
S D:
tR
Distribution net
Buffertank
250,000 m new building

50 W/m
Cooling demand: (250,0000 m x 0.05kW/m) 12,500 kW
6C
11C
t: (11C 6C)
5C
Liquid:
Water
Flow ((12,500 x 0.86)/5)
2,150 m/h
p with max. flow (2,150 m/h):
45 m
tF
1,930 hours
E :
74
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
1,930
342
660,060
Total
1,930
Total
660,060
2 Constant speed pumps + 1 stand-by pump

Selected pump:
3 x NK 250-400/409
Motor size:
3 x 200 kW
The system is built with 3-way valves, which gives a
constant flow. The pumps are stopped when the
cooling demand is low.
S: S 1
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
S
S D:
tR
Distribution net
Buffertank

50 W/m
6C
11C
t: (11C 6C)
5C
Liquid:
Water
Flow ((12,500 x 0.86)/5)
2,150 m/h
45 m
2 Speed controlled pumps + 1 stand-by pump

Selected pump:
3 x NK 250-400/409
Motor size:
3 x 200 kW
The system is built with 3-way valves, which
gives a constant flow. The pumps are controlled
by means of a temperature sensor. Low cooling
demand will decrease the return temperature.
When the temperature decreases, the pump speed
will also decrease.
tF
S: S 2
2,930 hours
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
342
49,248
91
288
267
76,896
83
1,056
191
201,696
75
1,442
139
200,438
Total
2,930
Total
528,278
75
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
S
S D:
tR
Distribution net
Buffertank

50 W/m
6C
11C
t: (11C 6C)
5C
Liquid:
Water
Flow ((12,500 x 0.86)/5)
2,150 m/h
45 m
tF
S: S 3
Selected pump:
3 x NK 250-400/409
Motor size:
3 x 200 kW
The system is built with 2-way valves, which gives
a varible flow.
Variation in the flow:
100% flow
for
5% hours
75% flow
for
10% hours
50% flow
for
35% hours
30% flow
for
50% hours
2,930 hours
E :
76
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
342
49,248
75
288
388
88,704
50
1,056
187
197,472
30
1,442
164
236,488
Total
2,930
Total
571,912
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
S
S D:
tR
Distribution net
Buffertank

50 W/m
6C
11C
t: (11C 6C)
5C
Liquid:
Water
Flow ((12,500 x 0.86)/5)
2,150 m/h
45 m
tF
S: S 4
Selected pump:
4 x NK 200-400/400
Motor size:
4 x 132 kW
a varible flow.
100% flow
for
5% hours
75% flow
for
10% hours
50% flow
for
35% hours
30% flow
for
50% hours
p pumps =
constant pressure
2,930 hours
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
349
50,256
75
288
260
74,880
50
1,056
178
187,968
30
1,442
100
144,200
Total
2,930
Total
457,304
77
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
S
S D:
tR
tF
S: S 5
3 Speed controlled pumps + 1 stand-by pump
Selected pump:
4 x NK 200-400/400
Motor size:
4 x 132 kW
a varible flow.
100% flow
for
5% hours
75% flow
for
10% hours
50% flow
for
35% hours
30% flow
for
50% hours
p system =
proportinal pressure
2,930 hours
E :
78
Distribution net
Buffertank

50 W/m
6C
11C
t: (11C 6C)
5C
Liquid:
Water
Flow ((12,500 x 0.86)/5)
2,150 m/h
45 m
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
349
50,256
75
288
135
38,880
50
1,056
79
83,424
30
1,442
47
67,774
Total
2,930
Total
240,334
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
S
C:
660,060 kWh/year
System 1:
3-way valve system
2 constant speed pumps
Constant flow.
Energy consumption:
System 1 + 2:
System 2:
3-way valve system
2 speed controlled pumps
Variable flow (temperature control)
Energy consumption:
528,278 kWh/year
System 3:
2-way valve system
2 constant speed pumps
Variable flow
Energy consumption:
System 3 + 4 + 5:
571,912 kWh/year
System 4:
2-way valve system
Variable flow (constant pressure)
Energy consumption:
457,304 kWh/year
System 5:
2-way valve system
Variable flow (proportional pressure)
Energy consumption:
240,334 kWh/year
System
Energy
consumtion
kWh/year
Saving
kWh/year
Saving
%
660,060
528,278
131,782
20
571,912
88,148
14
457,304
202,756
31
240,334
419,726
63
79
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
P
S D:
One chiller is used:
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((615 x 0.86)/5)
p at max. flow (106 m/h):
(pipes/chiller + adjusting valve )(8+2):
615 kW
6C
11C
Water
106 m/h
Chiller pump
10 m
S:
One head in operation One head in stand-by
Flow is constant
Selected pump:
LPD 125-125/125
Motor size:
2 x 5.5 kW
2,930
Based on a flow of 106 m/h, the head is 11.3 m.
The pressure lost over the adjustment valve has
to be (11.3-10) = 1.3 m more than full open valve.
An external controller is necessary for alternation
between the two heads.
Head
11.3 m
Adjustment
valve
10 m
106 m/h
E :
80
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
5.8
16,994
Total
2,930
Total
16,994
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
P
S D:
One chiller is used:
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((615 x 0.86)/5)
p at max. flow (106 m/h):
(pipes/chiller )(8):
615 kW
6C
11C
Water
106 m/h
Chiller pump
8m
S:
Flow is constant
Selected pump:
LPD 125-125/125
Motor size:
2 x 5.5 kW
2,930
The pump is set at uncontrolled operation mode
and adjusted to the right flow. The total head is
lower, because there is no adjustment valve in
the system. At the same time it is possible to communicate with the pump. An external controller is
necessary for alternation between the two heads.
Head
Max. curve
Reduced speed
8m
106 m/h
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
5.15
15,090
Total
2,930
Total
15,090
Flow
S:
The energy saving compared to an installation
with an adjustment valve:
(16,994-15,090) = 1,904 kWh = 11%
On top of that there is a saving in buying an adjustment valve.
81
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
P
S D:
Two chillers are connected in parallel,
each with one pump.
Cooling demand:
2 x 615 kW
6C
11C
Liquid:
Water
Flow 2x ((615 x 0.86)/5)
2 x 106 m/h
p when 2 pumps are running:
11 m
p when 1 pump is running:
9m

2 pumps are running
S:
Flow in %
2 Constant speed pumps

Two heads in operation Two heads in stand-by
Flow will vary
Selected pumps:
2 x LPD 125-125/125
Motor size:
2 x (2 x 5.5 kW)
2,930
One pump in operation:
1,930
Two pumps in operation:
1,000
Based on a flow of 106 m/h, the head is 11.3 m
(with both pumps in operation). The pressure lost
over the adjustment valve has to be (11.3-11)
= 0.3 m more than full open valve.
2 chillers in
operation
1 chiller
in
operation
Hours/year
E :
82
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
50
1,930
6.1
11,773
100
1,000
2 x 5.8
11,600
Total
2,930
Total
23,373
2 pumps in
operation
1 pump in
operation
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
P
S D:
Two chillers are connected in parallel,
each with one pump.
Cooling demand:
2 x 615 kW
6C
11C
Liquid:
Water
Flow 2x((615 x 0.86)/5)
2 x 106 m/h
p when 2 pumps are running:
(pipes/chiller)(9):
9m
p when 1 pump is running:
(pipes/chiller)(7):
7m

2 pumps are running
Flow in %
S:
2 Speed controlled pumps
Flow per pump is constant
Selected pumps:
2 x LPDE 125-125/125
Motor size:
2 x (2 x 5.5 kW)
One pump in operation:
1,930 hours
Two pumps in operation:
1,000 hours
The pump is set at control mode and differential
pressure sensors are connected directly to the
pumps. No motor protection is needed, and an
alarm output can be obtained from the pump.
2 chillers in
operation
1 chiller
in
operation
Hours/year
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
50
1,930
4.8
9,264
100
1,000
2 x 5.5
11,000
Total
2,930
Total
20,264
2 pumps in
operation
1 pump in
operation
S:
The energy saving compared to an installation with
an adjustment valve:
(23,373-20,264) = 3,109 kWh = 13%
83
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
C T
S D:
Cooling demand:
320 kW
32C
27C
Liquid 40% glyc. water - :
1,040 kg/m
- cp:
0.88 kcal/kgC
-:
2 cst (= 2mm/s)
Flow ((320 x 0.86)/(1,040x0.88x5)):
60 m/h
p at max. flow:
(pipes/chiller/cooler + adj. valve + 3-way valve )(7+2+4):
13 m
S:
Flow is constant and adjusted by the 3-way valve.
Selected pump:
LPD 100-125/133
Motor size:
2 x 4.0 kW
2,930
Based on a flow of 60 m/h, the head is 16 m. The
pressure lost over the adjustment valve has to be
(16-13) = 3 m more than full open valve.
because of the high glycol content, the density of
the pumped liquid is increased and therefore the
power consumption of the motor will increase. To
prevent motor overload it is important to check
its P2 value. Shaft seal must be suitable for glycol
(RUUE version recommended).
E :
84
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
4.5
13,185
Total
2,930
Total
13,185
Head
16 m
Adjustment
valve
13 m
60 m/h
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
C T
S D:
Cooling demand:
320 kW
32C
27C
1,040 kg/m
- cp:
0.88 kcal/kgC
-:
2 cst (= 2mm/s)
Flow ((320 x 0.86)/(1,040x0.88x5)):
60 m/h
p at max. flow:
(pipes/chiller/cooler )(7):
7m
S:
1 Speed controlled pump
Flow will vary
Selected pump:
LMDE 100-200/187
Motor size:
2 x 3.0 kW
The pump is set at control mode and temperature
sensors are connected directly to the pumps. There
is no need for motor protection, and an alarm
output can be obtained from the pump. An external
controller is necessary for alternation between the
two heads. Because of the high glycol content,
the density of the pumped liquid is increased and
therefore the power consumption of the motor will
increase. To prevent motor overload it is important
to check its P2 value. Shaft seal must be suitable for
glycol (RUUE version recommended).
7m
Flow
60 m/h
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
2.6
374
75
288
1.2
346
50
1,056
0.45
475
30
1,442
1.24
346
Total
2,930
Total
1,541
S:
(13,185-1,541) = 11,644 kWh = 88%
On top of that there is a saving in buying an adjustment valve and a 3-way valve.
85
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
D
S D:
Cooling demand:
532 kW
32C
27C
1,040 kg/m
- cp:
0.88 kcal/kgC
-:
2 cst (= 2mm/s)
Flow ((532 x 0.86)/(1,040x0.88x5)):
100 m/h
p at max. flow:
(pipes/chiller/cooler + adjusting valve )(9+2):
11 m
S:
Flow is constant
Selected pump:
LPD 125-125/125
Motor size:
2 x 5.5 kW
2,930
The pressure lost over the adjustment valve has to
be (12.5-11) = 1.5 m more than full open valve.
Because of the high glycol content, the density of
the pumped liquid is increased and therefore the
power consumption of the motor will increase. To
prevent motor overload it is important to check
its P2 value. Shaft seal must be suitable for glycol
(RUUE version recommended).
E :
86
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
6.1
17,873
Total
2,930
Total
17,873
Head
12,5 m
Adjustment
valve
11 m
100 m/h
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
D
S D:
Cooling demand:
532 kW
32C
27C
1,040 kg/m
- cp:
0.88 kcal/kgC
-:
2 cst (= 2mm/s)
Flow ((532 x 0.86)/(1,040x0.88x5)):
100 m/h
p at max. flow:
(pipes/chiller/cooler)(9):
9m
S:
Flow is constant
Selected pump:
LPD 125-125/125
Motor size:
2 x 5.5 kW
2,930
lower because there is no adjustment valve in the
system. At the same time it is possible to communicate with the pump. An external controller is
necessary for alternation between the two heads.
Head
Max. curve
Reduced speed
9 m
100 m/h
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
5.3
15,529
Total
2,930
Total
15,529
Flow
S:
(17,873-15,529) = 2,344 kWh = 13%
87
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
C
S D:
Cooling demand:
Flow temperature main system(tF):
Return temperature (tFS):
Liquid:
Flow ((174 x 0.86)/5)
p at max. flow:
(pipes/surface + adjusting valve )(5+1.5):
174 kW
6C
8C
13C
Water
30 m/h
6.5 m
S:
Flow is constant
Selected pump:
TPD 65-120
Motor size:
2 x 1.1 kW
2,930
Based on a flow of 30 m/h, the head is 7 m.
be (7-6.5) = 0.5 m more than full open valve.
Head
7.0 m
Adjustment
valve
6.5 m
30 m/h
E :
88
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
1.1
3,223
Total
2,930
Total
3,223
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
C
S D:
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((174 x 0.86)/5)
p at max. flow:
(pipes/surface)(5):
174 kW
6C
8C
13C
Water
30 m/h
5.0 m
S:
Flow adjusted with a pump

Flow is constant
Selected pump:
TPED 65-120
Motor size:
2 x 1.1 kW
2,930
lower because there is no adjustment valve in the
system.
At the same time it is possible to communicate with
the pump. An external controller is necessary for
alternation between the two heads.
Head
Max. curve
Reduced speed
5m
30 m/h
Flow
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
0.8
2,344
Total
2,930
Total
2,344
S:
an adjustment valve: (3,223-2,344) = 879 kWh =
27%
89
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
C /
S D:
87 kW
6C
15C
18C
Water
25 m/h
M
15C
T
18C
15.5 m
M
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((87 x 0.86)/3)
p at max. flow:
(pipes/3-way valve + adj. valve )(14+1.5):
M
6C
S:
Flow is constant and adjusted by 3-way valves
Selected pump:
LP 65-125/117
Motor size:
2.2 kW
2,930
be (16.5-15.5) = 1 m more than full open valve.
Head
16.5 m
Adjustment
valve
15.5 m
25 m/h
E :
90
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
2.2
6,446
Total
2,930
Total
6,446
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
C /
S D:
87 kW
6C
15C
18C
Water
25 m/h
M
15C
T
18C
M
15.5 m
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((87 x 0.86)/3)
p at max. flow:
(pipes/3-way valve + adj. valve )(14+1.5):
M
6C
S:
Selected pump:
LP 65-125/117
Motor size:
2.2 kW
2,930
be (16.5-15.5) = 1 m more than full open valve.
Head
16.5 m
Adjustment
valve
15.5 m
Flow
25 m/h
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
2.2
317
75
288
1.9
547
50
1,056
1.7
1,795
30
1,442
1.4
2,019
Total
2,930
Total
4,678
91
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
C /
S D:
87 kW
6C
15C
18C
Water
25 m/h
M
15C
T
18C
M
14 m
M
6C
S:
Flow is variable and adjusted by 2-way valve.
Selected pump:
TPE 65-180 Series 2000
Motor size:
2.2 kW
2,930
The pump is set at proportional pressure control
mode. No added sensor or external controller are
necessary (controllers are integrated to pumps up
to 7.5 kw). There is no need for motor protection,
and an alarm output can be obtained from the
pump.
Max. curve
14 m
25 m/h
E :
92
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
1.9
274
75
288
1.4
403
50
1,056
0.95
1,003
30
1,442
0.73
1,053
Total
2,930
Total
2,733
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((87 x 0.86)/3)
p at max. flow:
(pipes/2-way valve)(14):
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
C /
S:
System 1:
Constant speed pump and 3-way valves.
System 2:
System 3:
Speed controlled pump and 2-way valves.
System 1:
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
2.2
6,446
Energy saving of system 3 compared to system 1:
Total
2,930
(6,446-2,733) = 3,713 kWh = 58%
Total
6,446
Components saving: Adjustment valve + two-way

valves in stead of expensive three-way valves.
System 2:

(4,678-2,733) = 1,945 kWh = 42%
Components saving: Adjustment valve + pressure
relief valve (to maintain a constant pressure and
also avoid noise in valves and negative influences
system balancing).
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
2.2
317
75
288
1.9
547
50
1,056
1.7
1,795
30
1,442
1.4
2,019
Total
2,930
Total
4,678
System 3:
Depending on the energy price, there is a very short
pay-back time on the extra cost of installing a
speed-controlled pump system.
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
1.9
274
75
288
1.4
403
50
1,056
0.95
1,003
30
1,442
0.73
1,053
Total
2,930
Total
2,733
93
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
F
S D:
465 kW
6C
10C
15C
Water
80 m/h
T
M
10C
15C
20 m
T
M
M
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((580 x 0.86)/5)
p at max. flow:
(pipes/3-way valve + adj. valve )(18+2):
6C
S:
1 in operation 1 in stand-by
Selected pump:
2xLP 100-125/137
Motor size:
2x7,5 kW
2,930
between the two pumps.
E :
94
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
6.6
19,338
Total
2,930
Total
19,338
Head
21.8 m
Adjustment
valve
20 m
80 m/h
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
F
S D:
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((580 x 0.86)/5)
p at max. flow:
(pipes/2 way valve + adj. valve )(18+2):
465 kW
6C
10C
15C
Water
80 m/h
T
M
10C
15C
20 m
T
M
6C
S:
2 Constant speed pumps
1 in operation - 1 in stand-by
Flow is variable and adjusted by 2-way valves
Selected pump:
2xLP 100-125/137
Motor size:
2x7,5 kW
2,930
between the two pumps.
Head
21.8 m
20 m
Adjustment
valve
Flow
80 m/h
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
6.6
950
75
288
5.8
1,670
50
1,056
5.1
5,386
30
1,442
4.9
7,066
Total
2,930
Total
15,072
95
3. Air-conditioning
FLOW THINKING
How to select
F
S D:
Cooling demand:
Liquid:
Flow ((580 x 0.86)/5)
p at max. flow:
(pipes/2- way valve)(18):
465 kW
6C
10C
15C
Water
80 m/h
T
M
10C
15C
18 m
S:
6C
2 Speed controlled pumps

1 pump in operation 1 pump in stand-by
Flow is variable and adjusted by 2-way valves.
Selected pump:
2 x TPE 100-240 Series 2000
Motor size:
2 x 7.5 kW
2,930
The pumps are connected to a controller (PMU)
for alternation mode. No added sensor is necessary
There is no need for motor protection, and an alarm
output can be obtained from the system (PMU).
The pressure loss compensation (proportional pressure) is set at 70% in the PMU.
Max. curve
20 m
18 m
6m
80 m/h
E :
96
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[W]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
6.1
878
75
288
4.0
1,152
50
1,056
2.5
2,640
30
1,442
1.5
2,153
Total
2,930
Total
6,823
Flow
3. Air-conditioning
How to select
F
S:
System 1:
System 2:
System 3:
Speed controlled pump and 2-way valves.
System 1:
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
2,930
6.6
19,338
Total
2,930
(19,338-6,823) = 12,515 kWh = 65%
Total
19,338
Components saving: Adjustment valve + two-way

valves in stead of expensive three-way valves.
System 2:

(15,072-6,823) = 8,249 kWh = 55%
Components saving: Adjustment valve + pressure
relief valve (to maintain a constant pressure and
also avoid noise in valves and negative influences
system balancing).
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
6.6
950
75
288
5.8
1,670
50
1,056
5.1
5,386
30
1,442
4.9
7,066
Total
2,930
Total
15,072
System 3:
Depending on the energy price, there is a very short
pay-back time on the extra cost of installing a
speed-controlled pump system.
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
144
6.1
878
75
288
4.0
1,152
50
1,056
2.5
2,640
30
1,442
1.5
2,153
Total
2,930
Total
6,823
97
FLOW THINKING
4. Pressure Boosting
Overview
Application/products
Product Range
Featrues/Benefits
Hydro 1000
Hydro 2000
Hydro Multi-E
Hydro Solo-E
System description
Function
Dimensioning
Tank Dimensioning
Installation
How to select
Pressure Boosting System
FLOW THINKING
Overview
A/
Pressure boosting
from roof tank
Direct Boosting
Water
mains
Zone 3
To building
Booster system
Zone 2
Break tank system
Water
mains
Water
mains
To building
Booster
Zone 1
Water transport
to roof tank
system with break tank
Pressure Boosting
system with direct connection to water mains
Pressure Boosting
system with roof tank
Water transport to roof tank

Zone divided water supply
First choice = X
100
Second choice = O
CR
Hydro Solo-E
Pressure Boosting
Hydro Multi-E
System Type
Hydro 2000
Product Type
Hydro 1000
Water
mains
Overview
A/
PC User level
(BMS supply)
Sub-station level
(BMS supply)
G100
Component level
(Grundfos)
G10
G100
p
p
Hydro Solo-E
Hydro 2000
Hydro 2000
Hydro Multi-E
Hydro Solo-E
External alarm - via relay
External Start/Stop - via contact
Product Type
Communication
Remote set point - analogue signal
LON - via G10
LON - via G100
GENIbus - direct
First choice = X
CR
Hydro 1000
Hydro 1000
Second choice = O
101
FLOW THINKING
Overview
P
Pressure Booster Product Range

Survey curve 50 Hz program
H[m]
CR
Hydro Solo-E
Hydro 2000
Hydro Multi-E
Hydro 1000
Q[m3/h]
102
Overview
F / B
Features
Benefits
Wide product range
Only one supplier, covers all systems
Wide performance range
Same booster type for all systems
One complete compact unit
Easy installation, only mains supply

and pipes have to be connected
Boosters are tested and

pre-adjusted from factory
Easy and safe commissioning
All internal connections between

pumps, sensor etc. are done
Safe installation
Build-in motor protection
Low installation cost
Variable speed
High comfort, energy saving
Long lifetime
High efficiency
Low Cost of Ownership
103
FLOW THINKING
Overview
H 1000
T D
Temperature
Max. pressure
Boost Pressure
Flow range
Power range
Number of pumps
Materials :
- Pump
- Manifolds
- Base plate, etc.
0 to +50C
PN 10 (10 bar)
10 100 m
2 320 m3/h
0.55 to 18.5 kW
2 to 4 CR pumps
Cast iron,
Stainless Steel
Galvanized iron
Stainless Steel
C
None
M P F
Easy installation
Wide product range
Hydro 1000
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
End user:
More pumps, supply security
Long lifetime
Q[m/h]
104
Overview
H 2000
T D
Temperature
Max. pressure
Boost Pressure
Flow range
Power range
Number of pumps
Materials :
- Pump
- Manifolds
- Base plate, etc.
0 to +70C
PN 16 (16 bar)
10 160 m
2 720 m3/h
0.55 to 30 kW
2 to 6 CR(E) pumps
Cast iron,
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel
C
Alarm and operating relay
Start / Stop input
Anlog input for set point
GENIbus
Hydro 2000
M P F
Easy installation
Constant pressure
Speed controlled pumps
Wide product range
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation and commissioning
Only one supplier
End user:
Constant supply pressure
Long lifetime
Q[m/h]
105
FLOW THINKING
Overview
H M-E
T D
Temperature
Max. pressure
Boost Pressure
Flow range
Power range
Number of pumps
Materials :
- Pump
- Manifolds
- Base plate, etc.
0 to +70C
PN 16 (16 bar)
10 100 m
2 45 m3/h
0.55 to 5.5 kW
2 to 3 CRE pumps
Cast iron,
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel
C
Alarm and operating relay
Start / Stop input
GENIbus
LON
Hydro Multi-E
M P F
Easy installation
Constant pressure
Speed controlled pumps
Wide product range
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Only one supplier
End user:
Easy to operate
Very reliable
Long lifetime
106
Q[m/h]
Overview
H S-E
T D
Temperature
Max. pressure
Boost Pressure
Flow range
Power range
Number of pumps
Materials :
- Pump
- Discharge pipe
- Base plate, etc.
0 to +70C
PN 16 (16 bar)
10 130 m
2 20 m3/h
0.55 to 5.5 kW
One CRE pump
Cast iron,
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel
Stainless Steel
C
Signalling relay
Start / Stop input
Anlog input for set point
GENIbus
R100, IR remote controller
Hydro Solo-E
M P F
Easy installation
Constant pressure
Speed controlled pump
Compact solution
H[m]
M C B
Installer:
Only one supplier
End user:
Long lifetime
Q[m/h]
107
FLOW THINKING
Application description
D
F
The water supply to a building have to be reliable
and comfortable. To fulfil this requirement a pressure boosting system is very recommendable. A
complete pressure boosting system will automatically compensate for the variations in the pre pressure from the water mains and the variations in
consumption and by varying performance ensure
that the supply pressure to the building is constant.
We recommend the speed controlled Hydro 2000
ME pressure boosting systems, which can give a
constant pressure to the building and at the same
time ensures optimum operation costs and supply
security.
If system cost is very important, the lower cost
systems Hydro 1000 can be selected.
If standby pump capacity is not required, the Hydro
Solo-E solution can be recommended.
Hydro 2000
Water
mains
p
To the
building
Hydro Multi-E
Water
mains
To the
building
D
Max. flow
demand
m3/h
System type
2 720
Hydro 2000
2 45
Hydro Multi-E
Water
mains
Hydro 2000 Solo E

p
To the
building
No standby pump!
2 10
Standby pump
not required
Hydro Solo-E
2 320
Variations in
pressure can
be accepted
Hydro 1000
+ pressure tank
Hydro 1000
Water
mains
To the
building
Pressure variations!
Tank required!
108
Application description
D
D
Use the Consumption Profile as the basis for selecting the optimum system. The number of pumps
and the size of these shall fit to profile. Use the
Grundfos pump selection tool WinCAPS for selection of the right system.
Flow m3/h
Consumption profile
Hydro 1000 and Hydro 2000 MS systems are operating as on/off systems without any speed control.
Therefore these systems always requires a pressure
tank on the discharge side of the booster.
For other systems like Hydro 2000 ME, Hydro 2000
MF and Hydro Multi-E a pressure tank is recommended if the flow can go down to, or close to zero.
In these cases a small diaphragm tank will give the
system a much better performance.
The dimensioning of the tank can be seen from the
table. The tank volume is in litre and is depending
of the size of the pumps going into the booster.
If the booster as an example is a Hydro 2000 ME
3xCRE8-60, the nominal flow of one of the pumps
are 8 m3/h resulting in a 24 litre tank.
Hydro Solo-E and Hydro Multi-E are delivered with
a tank as standard.
I
Grundfos pressure boosting systems are easy to
install. Connect the unit to mains supply and the
piping, prime the system and we are ready to go.
It is recommendable to install a water shortage
detection on the suction side the booster. By direct
boosting systems a pressure switch can be used
in case of a break tank system, a level switch in the
tank will be the best solution.
Flow Q
Time
Tank volume (litre)
m3/h
Hydro 1000
Hydro 2000 MS
ME, MF
or Multi-E
33
50
18
120
24
16
385
120
32
770
180
45
1084
280
64
1541
343
90
2167
483
109
FLOW THINKING
How to select
P
Quick guide for selecting

pressure boosting system
Step 1: Define the maximum flow requirement
ex. 27 m3/h
Step 2: Define the consumption profile
Step 3: Define the system layout
ex. direct boosting from mains,
system split in zones
Step 4: Define the required pressure
ex. 10.5 bar
Step 5: Find the exact pressure boosting system
ex. Hydro 2000 2xCRE8-100
Step 6: Consider accessories
ex. Diaphragm tank
S 1: D
The required total consumption and

maximum flow requirement depends
on the application in question.
There is a big difference in the requirement from e.g. a pressure boosting
system in a block of flats compared
to a system in a hotel. The table
below shows an example of dimensioning values, according to Danish
Standards.
Consumer
Unit
Qyear
m3
per
year
Consump.
period
d
days/year
Qday
m3/day
fd
Q(m)day
m3/day
ft
Max.
Flow
m3/h
Residence
buildings
Residence
(2.5 pers.)
183
365
0.5
1.3
0.65
1.7
0.046
Office
building
Employee
25
250
0.1
1.2
0.12
3.6
0.018
Shopping
centre
Employee
25
300
0.08
1.2
0.1
4.3
0.018
Super
market
Employee
80
300
0.27
1.5
0.4
3.0
0.05
Hotel
Bed
180
365
0.5
1,5
0.75
4.0
0.125
Hospital
Bed
300
365
0.8
1.2
1.0
3.0
0.12
School
Pupil
200
0.04
1.3
0.065
2.5
0.007
According DS439, DS442
110
How to select
P
S 1: D ,
Example: Hotel with 540 beds.
Number of beds: n
Total annual consumption: Qyear x n
Consumption period: d
Average consumption per day: (Qyear x n)/d
Year maximum consumption: Q(m)day = fd x Qday
Maximum flow requirement: Q(max) = ft x Q(m)day/24
Calculation:
n = 540 beds
Qyear x n = 180 x 540 = 97200 m3/year
d = 365 days/year =>
(Qyear x n)/d = 97200 / 365 = 266.3 m3/day
fd x Qday = 1.5 x 266.3 = 399.4 m3/day
Q(max) = ft x Q(m)day/24 =
Or use the quick sizing chart below.
1.5 x 399.4/24 = 66.6 m3/h
Q [m/h]
Hotel
School
Office
Flats
Residential
home
111
FLOW THINKING
How to select
P
S 2: D
Consumption profile
Flow m3/h
The consumption profile is the information about

the change in flow during one day or season. In a
hotel the water demand will fluctuate a lot during
the day.
In the morning, where most of the guest are taking
a shower and all the service facilities, such as cleaning, cocking and washing starts up, we will have the
highest demand for water supply during the day.
Also about dinner time we will see a peak in the
demand. A typical consumption file for the hotel
example above, looks like this:
Time
Load Profile
Flow m3/h
The consumption profile is imported information

in the selection process as the profile has a high
influence of the choice of booster system type and
the number of pumps which the system consists
of. See step 5.
Based on the consumption profile a Load Profile can
be made. From this we can see how many hours per
day a certain flow is required.
112
Hours per day
How to select
P
S 3: D
The system layout have to be considered before the
booster system can be selected.
Direct Boosting
To building
Direct boosting or break tank

The connection to the water supply mains can
either be directly or via a break tank. If direct connection is allowed this will be recommendable.
The pressure requirement to a pressure boosting
system with direct connection will be be less than
systems with break tank, as the system then can use
the water supply mains pressure as a pre-pressure.
Depending of area the water supply mains pressure
typically will be in the range 1.5 4.0 bar.
Break tanks are often required in areas where:
the piping in the mains are weak and cant
stand pressure surges caused by pumps starting and stopping.
local requirements
where sucking from the water mains isnt
allowed
Roof tank systems
In some areas roof tank systems are required. The
reason is to ensure water supply for a certain period
also if the elctrical power supply disappears.
Water
mains
Booster system
Break tank system

Water
mains
To building
Booster
Roof tank
The transfer pump can pump from a break tank or

direct from supply mains.
Water supply (pressure) to the building is obtained
by a Booster System, boosting down to the 3-4
upper floors. The rest of the building is supplied
by gravity.
Water
mains
Transfer pump
113
FLOW THINKING
How to select
P
S 3: D ,
Zones
In high rise buildings is it necessary to split the
water supply system up in zones to ensure:
that the pressure from one floor to an other
doesnt vary too much.
Min. pressure upper floor in each zone should
not be lower than 1.5-2 bar
Max. pressure in lowest floor in each zone
should not be higher than 4-4.5 bar
Zone 3
System layout can be with :

1. All booster systems in basement.
Boosting up in the building (see figure).
2. Cascade booster system layout.
One booster in the basement supplies all the
water up to zone 1, where a second booster
will boost up to zone 2, etc.
3. In combination with roof tank.
A booster on the roof top are boosting
down to the 3-4 upper floors. The rest of
the building is supplied by gravity.
Zone 2
Zone 1
Zone 2
114
Zone 3
Zone 1
How to select
P
S 4: D
The required pressure pset from the pressure boosting system can be calculated from the following
formulas :
p
tap (min)
p = p
p
p
p
set
tap(min) + f + hmax/10.2 ;
boost = set
p
in(min)
set
tap(min)
hmax
p
in(min)
boost
: the required outlet pressure from

the booster
: the required min pressure at the
highest tapping point in the zone
: the total pipe friction loos in the
piping from booster to zone
: the height from the booster outlet
to the highest tapping point
: the minimum inlet pressure to the
booster
: the required boost from the pressure
boosting system
p
f
hmax
p
in (min)
p
boost
p
set
Example :
p
tap(min)
p
f
hmax
p
in(min)
p
set
p
boost
= 2 bar
= 1.2 bar
= 41.5 m
= 2 bar
= 2 + 1.2 + 41.5/10.2 = 7.3 bar
= 7.3 2 = 5.3 bar
If the water supply system consists of more zones

the calculation have to be done for each zone.
115
FLOW THINKING
How to select
P
S 5: F
Why choose a pressure boosting system?
There are three main reasons why a customer
should choose a booster system instead of just a
single pump in his installation:
1. One pump is not sufficient to cover the flow
demand.
2. Reserve pump capacity is required.
3. Better adaptability to variations in
consumption.
Which type of booster system is preferable?
Grundfos offers five different main variants within
the Hydro 2000 product family. The different systems and there main features can be seen from the
below table.
For most applications we will recommend the speed
controlled solution based on the Grundfos CREpumps.
ME system
All pumps are CRE-pumps
Constant pressure.
Speed control available also if one
pump fails.
MEH Z system
Two pumps are CRE-pumps.
Remaining pumps are fixed
speed CR-pumps.
Constant pressure.
If one CRE-pump fails the pressure
control is limited.
MES system
One CRE-pump. Remaining pumps are
fixed speed CR-pumps.
Constant pressure.
If the CRE-pump fails, the
pressure control will be like a
MS system.
MF system
All pumps are CR-pumps. One of these
are speed controlled by a
frequency converter.
Constant pressure.
If the frequency converter fails, the
pressure control will be like a MS
system
MS system
All pumps fixed speed CR-pumps.
Pressure constant within a band.
Requires a large diaphragm tank.
116
How to select
P
S 5: F ,
Using WinCAPS for selecting the right pressure

boosting system.
The pump selection tool WinCAPS will be the perfect tool for finding the best solution to a booster
application.
Give in the dimensioning values :
Maximum flow required
Required pressure
Inlet pressure
Load profile
and ask for dimensioning and WinCAPS will select
a number of systems, sorted according to annual
energy consumption.
Example:
Values described on the pervious pages are used as
an dimensioning example.
117
FLOW THINKING
5. Wastewater
Overview
Systems/products
Product description
System description
Surface rain water

Drainage from facility rooms
Water from fire fighting
Laundry
Emptying of pools and tanks
Effluent/sewage from basement
Transfer of Sewage
Emergency use
How to select
Transfer of sewage
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
S/
Drainage outlet
Wastewater
from rooms and
facilities
Drainage
Emptying of
tanks and pools
(Drainage)
Drainage inlet
Surface rain water

(Drainage)
Lift shaft
(Effluent)
Transfer of drainage
Sewage outlet
Effluent inlet
Water from
fire fighting
(Effluent)
Drainage
of boiler room
(Effluent)
Sewage inlet
Transfer of sewage
Inlet from toilet
in
restaurant/lobby
Water from
laundry
(Effluent)
Water from fire fighting
Laundry
Emptying of pools and tanks
X
X
120
Emergency use
First choice = X
Second choice = O
Effluent/sewage from basement

Transfer of sewage
Liftaway C+B
Sololift+
Multilift
Drainage from facility rooms
SEV
SE1
EF
Unilift AP
DP
Unilift KP
Surface rain water
System Type
SEG
Unilift CC
Product Type
Prefabricated
pumping station
Effluent/sewage
from basement
5. Wastewater
Overview
P / C
Functionality
Used in connection with
Max. kW pump size
LC/LCD 107
LC/LCD 108
LC/LCD 110
Complete control
panel with level bells.
For up to 2 pumps.
Complete control
panel with level
switches. For up to
2 pumps.
Complete control
panel with electrodes.
For up to 2 pumps.
Unilift KP, Unilift AP,

SEG, DP, EF, SE1, SEV


11 kW DOL
11 kW DOL
30 kW Y/D
11 kW DOL
121
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
P
Wastewater Product Range

Survey curve 50 Hz
H[m]
SEG
SEV
DP
EF
Lifting
Stations
SE1
Unilift AP
Unilift CC
Unilift KP
Q[m/h]
122
5. Wastewater
Overview
F / B
Features
Benefits
Wide product range
Only one supplyer
Wide system range
Easy selection
Support tools
Safe selection
Compact design
Easy to install
Flexible installation
Meets all you requirements
Intelligent design
Easy to service
Low noise level
High comfort
High quality materials
Non clogging
High efficiency
Long working life

Energy saving
Low operation cost saves money
123
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
U CC
A
Drainage around houses and buildings
Pumping of wastewater from washing machines,
hand wash, basins, showers etc.
Unique for draining of flooded cellars
Emptying of swimming pools, vessels and
garden ponds
Garden irrigation from rainwater collection tanks
As portable emergency pump
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Max Flow/Max Head:
Power supply:
Power range (3 models):
Speed:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
Free pass:
+40C / 70C short period

14m/h / 9m
1 x 220-240 V
0,25, 0,38 and 0,78 kW
2850 rpm
1 14 (external thread)
4.35 6.50 kg
Composite & Stainless steel
10 mm
H
[m]
M P F
Unique low suction ability down to 3mm

Non-return valve and discharge adaptor included
Ceramic shaft seal and triple lip seals for efficient
motor protection
Self-venting valve
Robust stainless steel strainer
Safety grille when the strainer is removed
Hermetically sealed cable inlet
M C B
Installer:
Multi-purpose pump
Easy installation
Water cooled dry-runner
End user:
Two-in-one pump
Compact design for easy handling & cleaning
Avoid costly removal of residual water
124
Q [m/h]
5. Wastewater
Overview
U KP 150, 250 350
A
Drainage of cellars and buildings after flooding
Pumping of washing machines wastewater
Pumping in drainage pits
Emptying of pools, ponds and fountains
Emptying of tanks and wessels
Dewatering of small construction sites
In dairies and breweries
In the proces industry
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Max Flow/Max Head:
Power supply:
Speed:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
Free pass:
+50C / 70C
4 l/s / 9 m
1 x 220-240/3 x 380-415 V
0.3, 0.48 and 0.7 kW
2900 rpm
Rp 1 14
5.5 7.5 kg
Stainless steel
10 mm
H
[m]
M P F
Wet runner
Compact design
Easy dismantling for service & cleaning
High efficiency
Partly submerged operation
Socket for replaceable cable
Q[l/s]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
End user:
Reliable pumping
Easy maintenance
Long lifetime
High comfort
125
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
U AP 12, 35 50
A
Groundwater lowering
Pumping away from collecting wells, e.g. water
from roof gutters, shafts and tunnels
Emptying of tanks, ponds, pools and vessels
Pumping of fibre-containing effluent
Pumping of domestic effluent from septic tanks
Pumping of domestic effluent with or without
discharge from water closets
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow/Head:
Power supply:
Power range (kW):
Number of poles:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
Frees pass:
+55C / 70C
34 m/ 16 m
1 x 230 / 3 x 230 / 400 V
Up to 1.1 kW
2 poles
Up to 2 Rp
Up to 17.9 kg
Stainless steel
Up to 50 mm
M P F
Compact design
Made exclusively from stainless steel
High efficiency
Socket for replaceable cable
Partly submerged operation
Vortex impeller
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
End user:
Reliable pumping
Easy maintenance
Long lifetime
High comfort
Minimized wearing & clogging
126
H
[m]
Q[m/h]
5. Wastewater
Overview
G AP B
A
Groundwater lowering
Pumping away from collecting wells, e.g. water
from roof gutters, shafts and tunnels
Emptying of tanks, ponds, pools and vessels
Pumping of fibre-containing effluent
Pumping of domestic effluent from septic tanks
Pumping of domestic effluent with or without
discharge from water closets
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Power supply:
Power range:
Number of poles:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
Free pass:
+ 40C
32 m/h / 18 m
1 x 230 / 3 x 230 / 400 V
0.6 kW to 2.0 kW
2 poles
2 Rp
7.4 10.2 kg
Stainless steel
Up to 50 mm
H [m]
M P F
Compact design
Made exclusively from stainless steel
High efficiency
Vortex impeller
Optimized hydralic performance
Q [m/h]
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
End user:
Reliable pumping
Easy maintenance
Long lifetime
High comfort
Minimized wearing & clogging
127
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
G SEG
A
Untreated sewage
Sludge containing water
Pressurized pumping systems
Small flow High head
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Power supply:
Power range:
Number of poles:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
Cutter system:
+ 40C
Max. 5 l/s / Max. 45 m
1 x 230 / 3 x 400 V
0.9 kW - 4 kW
2 poles
DN 40
35 70 kg
Cast iron
Stainless steel, hardened
M P F
H
[m]
Compact design
Stainless steel clamp
Easy dismantling for service, cleaning & adjusting
Cartridge shaft seal system
Epoxy sealed cable plug
New improved cutter system
High efficiency
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation
Flexible handling
Only one supplier
End user:
Easy maintenance & service
Long lifetime
High reliability
128
Q[m/h]
5. Wastewater
Overview
G DP
A
Drainage of cellars and buildings after flooding
Pumping of drainage and groundwaters
Emptying of pools, ponds and fountains
Emptying of tanks and wessels
Dewatering
Industrial process water without solids and fibres
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Free pass:
Power supply:
Power range:
Number of poles:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
+ 40C
Max. 45m/h / Max. 25 m
10 mm
1 x 230 / 3 x 400 415 V
0.9 kW to 2.6 kW
2 poles
2 Rp or DN 65
39 61 kg
Cast iron / stainless steel
H
[m]
M P F
High efficient semi-open multivane impellers

Unlimited performance possibilities
Hermetically sealed cable plug connection
Clamp system for easy service and maintenance
Ajustable impeller clearance
SmartSeal system
Motor overheating system
Modular design
Q[m/h]
M C B
Installer:
Only one supplier
End user:
Easy maintenance and service
Life long reliability
Low life cycle cost
129
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
G EF
A
Drainage and surface water with small impurities
Wastewater with fibres, e.g. from laundries
Wastewater, without discharge from toilets
Wastewater from commercial buildings,
without discharge from toilets
Industrial wastewater with smaller impurities
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Free pass:
Power supply:
Power range:
Number of poles:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
+ 40C
Max. 45 m/h / Max. 22 m
30 mm
1 x 230 / 3 x 400 415 V
0.6 kW to 1.5 kW
2 poles
2 Rp
38 kg
H
[m]
M P F
High efficient open single-vane impellers

Ajustable impeller clearance
SmartSeal system
Modular design
M C B
Installer:
Only one supplier
End user:
Low life cycle cost
130
Q [m/h]
5. Wastewater
Overview
G SE1
A
Pumping of water from fire fighting
Pumping of untreated sewage from public
buildings, blocks of flats, restaurants, hotels etc.
Pumping of sludge containing water from
factories, industries and sewage treatment
plants.
Pumping of wastewater from carwash areas,
car parks and garages.
Pumping of large quantities of surface and
ground water
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Free pass:
Power supply:
Power range:
Number of poles:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
+ 40C
Max. 300 m/h / Max. 32 m
50 100 mm
1 x 230 / 3 x 220 240 /
3 x 380 415 V
0.6 kW to 7.5 kW
2 or 4 poles
DN 65 DN 150
38 210 kg
M P F
Non clogging channel impellers for
superior solids handling
Auto cleaning impeller
High efficiency
Double mechanical cartridge shaft seal system
SmartSeal system
Modular design
H
[m]
Q [m/h]
M C B
Installer:
Only one supplier
End user:
Low life cycle cost
131
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
G SEV
A
Pumping of water from fire fighting
Pumping of untreated sewage from public
buildings, blocks of flats, restaurants, hotels etc.
Pumping of sludge containing water from
factories, industries and sewage treatment plants
Pumping of wastewater from carwash areas,
car parks and garages
Pumping of large quantities of wastewater
containing long rags or fiber material
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Free pass:
Power supply:
Power range:
Number of poles:
Disch. dimension:
Weight
Materiel:
+ 40C
Max. 130 m / Max. 44 m
60 100 mm
1 x 230 / 3 x 220 240 /
3 x 380 415 V
0.6 kW to 11 kW
2 or 4 poles
DN 65 DN 100
38 210 kg
Cast iron / Stainless steel
H
[m]
M P F
SuperVortex impellers for superior solids handling

and abrasive liquids
Double mechanical cartridge shaft seal system
SmartSeal system
Modular design
M C B
Installer:
Only one supplier
End user:
Low life cycle cost
132
Q [m/h]
5. Wastewater
Overview
M
A
Pumping and collecting of wastewater and
sewage from blocks of flats, hotels, public
buildings, restaurants, schools or similar types
of buildings
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Power supply:
Power range:
Inlet dimension:
Disch. dimension:
Materiel:
Effective volume:
+ 40C
220 m/h / 28 m
3 x 230 / 400 V
1.5 kW to 7.5 kW
DN 100 to DN 150
DN 165 to DN 100
Polyethylene
60 - 450 L
M P F
Complete units ready for installation
Gas and odour proof, corrosion-resistant collecting
tank
Shock and break-proof polyethylene tank
Aut. operation by pneumatic level control
Double mechanical shaft seal system
H
[m]
M C B
Q[l/s]
Installer:
Easy installation
Only one supplier
Easy to start up
End user:
Maintenance free
Long lifetime
High comfort
133
5. Wastewater
Overview
G
A
Grundfos produces standard and tailor made
pumping stations, designed for various
installations. The standard models deals
with percolation, pumping of ground water,
transportation of effluent and sewage.
They are used for pumping wastewater from
many different types of buildings, e.g. factories,
schools, farms, villas etc. to a wastewater
treatment plant.
T D
Materiel:
Polyethylene, concrete,
fiberglas
Dimensions (width): 400 mm 4000 mm
Dimensions (length): PE Flex up to 6000 mm
Concrete up to 10000 mm
Fiberglas up to 10000 mm
Pump types (series): Unilift KP, Unilift AP, SEG,
DP, EF, SE1, SEV
M P F
Polyethylene:
Concrete:
Fiberglas:
Long life time in aggresive

liquids, easy to install,
delivered as a complete unit.
Standard product.
Long life time in aggresive
liquids, easy to install,
delivered as a complete unit.
M C B
Installer:
Easy installation, designed to specific needs
Only one supplier
Easy to start up
End user:
Easy maintenance
Long lifetime
134
FLOW THINKING
5. Wastewater
Overview
S+
A
Grundfos 6 different domestic lifting stations are
complete systems, comprising both tanks and
pumps, designed to lift domestic wastewater to the
main sewer line.
The 6 models will handle wastewater from different
sources of domestic wastewater:
Under stairs cloakrooms
Basement installations
Low-cost bathrooms in holiday cottages
Added facilities in e.g. guesthouses
Bathrooms for elderly or disabled
Renovations projects
Vertical/horisontal performance for
Sololift+ WC-3
T D
Max. add. connections*
WC
Shower
Bidet
Sololift+ WC
Sololift+ WC-1
Sololift+ WC-3
Sololift+ CWC-3
Sololift+ C-3
Sololift+ D-3
Kitchen sink
Type
Bath tub / Dishwasher /

Washing machine
M P F C B
A complete range for wastewater
with and without faeces
it covers all applications
An automatic plug and go product
easy installation
Flexible discharge pipe adapters
easy for replacement
Large carbon filter
Gas and odor-proof
Discharge pipe in the side
Very easy service
Smooth and rounded edges
Attractive discreet design suits every
sanitary application
Wash basin
Weight:
Type:
40C / Sololift+ C-3: 70C

1 x 220-240 V
0.27 up to 0.40 kW
2850 rpm
Varies from one model to
the next
3.5 5.5 kg
The Sololift+ models
with WC in the naming
has integrated grinder
system
Wall-hung WC
Max. liquid temp.:

Power supply:
Speed:
Disch. dimension:
* The number advise how many potential inlets the lifting station has.
135
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
G LIFTAWAY B S
A
Draining pit for collection of drainage and surface
water
For the collection and pumping of wastewater
from basements and laundry rooms below sewer
level
Installation in basements, sculleries, garages etc.
Suited for Unilift KP and Unilift AP12 pumps.
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Power supply:
Power range:
Inlet dimension:
Disch. dimension:
Weight:
Materiel:
Effective volume:
+ 50C / 70C
Max. 23 m/h / 15 m
1 x 220-240 / 3 x 380-415 V
0.15 kW to 0.8 kW
3 x DN 100
R 1 14 R 1 12
14.7 kg (without pump)
Polyethylene
40 L
H
[m]
M P F
Hight-adjustable-manhole
Top cover with strainer and waterseal
Turnable for individual positioning
Complete system tested with
Unilift KP/Unilift AP pumps
Separate connection for venting and cable
Built-in, rubber-coated stainless steel non-return
valve
M C B
Installer:
Flexible and easy installation
Only one supplier
Easy to start up
End user:
Maintenance free
Long lifetime
High comfort
136
Q [m/h]
5. Wastewater
Overview
G LIFTAWAY C S
A
Small wastewater lifting station for location on
floor or wall mounting.
Used for pumping domestic wastewater from
washing machines, dish-washers, kitchens,
hobby rooms, etc.
For installations in bathrooms, kitchens, hobby
rooms, etc.
Suited for Unilift KP pumps.
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
Flow / Head:
Power supply:
Power range:
Inlet dimension:
Disch. dimension:
Weight:
Materiel:
Effective volume:
+ 50C / 70C
Max. 14 m/h / 9 m
1 x 220-240 V
0.15 kW to 0.35 kW
3 x DN 40 + 1 x DN 40/50
1 x DN 40
3.2 kg (without pump)
ABS
13 L
H
[m]
M P F
Complete system tested with Unilift KP pumps

Built-in, rubber-coated stainless steel non-return
valve
Neat installation with hidden side inlets
Easy to clean smooth surface
Discharge port either to the left or to the right
Flexible installation by means of 4 inlet ports
Effective elimination of smells with carbon filter
Wall mounting possible
Q[m/h]
M C B
Installer:
Flexible and easy installation
Only one supplier
Easy to start up
End user:
Maintenance free
Long lifetime
High comfort
137
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
Overview
C
A
The Conlift is designed for safe removal of
condensate from
Boilers up to 200kW
Air-conditioning systems
Cooling and refrigeration systems
Air dehumidifiers
Evaporators
T D
Max. liquid temp.:
35C, short periods up

to 80C
Container volume:
2.6 l
Effective volume:
0.85 l
Materiel:
ABS acid-resistant
PH:
>2.7
Dimensions (LxWxH): 245x172x199 mm
Max flow:
630 l/h
Max head:
5.3 m
Voltage:
1 x 230 V / 50 Hz
Power consumption: 0.08 kW
H
[m]
M P F
Buoyancy protection
Detachable pump housing
Semi-open, replaceable impeller
Integrated buzzer 80 dB(A), High level alarm
Alarm relay, potentialfree contact
M C B
Safety mount for fitting to wall or floor
Easy to clean
Acustic signal in case of high level
138
Q [l/h]
5. Wastewater
System description
S
F
Rain water from catchment areas of the building is
in most cases gathered in a pit. Often there is a need
for a pump to pump the water into the municipality
rainwater system. The amount of drainage collected
depends on both the vertical area of the building
as well as the roof and gravel area surrounding the
building incl. parking areas and gardens.
D
Sizing flow
per pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 13
0 - 14
0 - 34
0 - 45
0 - 45
10 - 300
5 - 150
0 - 300
Unilift CC
Unilift KP
Unilift AP
DP
EF
SE1
SEV
Prefabricated pumping stations
Drainage outlet
Drainage inlet
Surface rain
water
(Drainage)
Transfer of drainage
In rain water systems the min. free passage for the

pump must not be less than 25 30 mm.
Pump failure in rain water systems will normally
cause heavy expenses for considerable cleaning
and disinfection before drying-out can take place.
Therefore we recommend 100% spare capacity in
the system.
Increased clogging risk
Vortex
impeller
Single-channel impeller
Free passage [mm]
I
Common to all the variants in the Grundfos pump
range is their easy-to-install design. The Unilift KP
and Unilift AP pump range is ideal for permanent
installation in pump pits and allows for a very flexible installation. With a flow switch connected, the
pump can be used for automatic operation.
For larger quantities of surface water the range of
Grundfos S Pumps can meet virtually all systems in
and around buildings.
139
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
System description
D
F
When installed permanently in a pump pit, the
pumps are typically used for drainage and pumping effluent from cellars, air handling units, boiler
rooms, elevator shafts or other situations where
water is unwanted in and around buildings.
Drainage
Lift shaft
(Effluent)
D
Sizing flow
per pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 13
0 - 14
0 - 34
0 - 45
10 - 300
5 - 150
0 - 300
Unilift CC
Unilift KP
Unilift AP
DP
SE1
SEV
Semi-open
multi-vane impeller
In drainage systems the min. free passage for the

pump must not be less than 5 -10 mm.
I
The Unilift KP and Unilift AP pump range is ideal for
permanent installation in the Liftaway B pump pits
and allows for a very fast and flexible installation.
With a flow switch connected, the pump can be
used for automatic operation.
For larger quantities of drainage water the range
of Grundfos SE1 and SEV pumps can meet virtually
all systems in and around buildings. The most common used installation is submerged in a pumping
station, where the pump is lowered into position on
guide rails, and it automatically connects with the
discharge pipe system.
To prevent backflow, a non-return valve is normally
installed in connection with the system.
140
Free passage [mm]
5. Wastewater
System description
W
F
In order to handle the water from the fire fighting
equipment installed in the building, you will normally find a number of smaller pump pits in underground car parks and basements.
Water from
fire fighting
(Effluent)
D
Sizing flow
per pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 13
Unilift CC
0 - 14
Unilift KP
0 - 34
Unilift AP
0 - 45
DP
0 - 45
EF
10 - 300
SE1
5 - 150
SEV
0 - 300
I
range is their easy-to-install design. The Unilift KP
and Unilift AP pump range is ideal for permanent
installation in pump pits and allows for a very flexible installation.
For larger quantities of surface water the range of
Grundfos SE1 and SEV pumps can meet virtually all
systems in and around buildings.
141
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
System description
L
F
Pumping fibre-containing effluent from laundries
requires the right choice of pumps in order to avoid
clogging. Therefore we recommend the use of the
Grundfos Unilift AP or the SEV for larger quantities
of effluent. A grinder type of pump should also be
considered to ensure a better flow in your system.
D
Water from
laundry
Sizing flow
per Pump
m/h
Pump type
0-5
SEG
0 - 34
Unilift AP
5 - 150
SEV
0 - 300
In laundry systems the selection of pumps should

reflect the higher temperature of the water.
I
range is their easy-to-install design. The recommended pump range is ideal for permanent installation in pump pits in connection with the laundry.
142
Drainage/effluent
inlet
Sewage
outlet
5. Wastewater
System description
E/
F
Multilifts are complete ready-to-install units. They
are designed for collecting and pumping sewage
and effluent from discharge levels below the sewer
line, e.g. in multi-family houses, restaurants, bars,
and in public buildings. The Multilifts lift the wastewater so that it can be led to the sewage system.
Transfer of sewage
Sewage inlet
Inlet from toilet in

restaurant/lobby
D
Sizing flow
per pump
m/h
Pump type
0-4
Sololift+
0 - 220
Multilift
10 - 300
SE1
5 - 150
SEV
0 - 300
In systems handling sewage the min. free passage

for the pump must not be less than 70 mm. In case
this is not possible because of existing pipe systems,
a grinder type of pump should be considered.
The Sololift is designed to handle discharge from
only a single toilet/bathroom.
Effluent/sewage
from basement
Time of day
Typical discharge pattern (sewage)
The Multilifts are supplied as complete units consisting of a collection tank, pump(s) and a level controller ready for installation. The Multilifts include
flexible connections and clamps for up to DN100
pipe and air-vent connections.
connected flats
Tank inlet flow (l/s)

Q [l/s]
Pump capacity
143
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
System description
T
F
Pumping stations are designed for collecting and
pumping sewage and effluent from discharge levels
below the sewer line.
The SEV is specially designed to handle unscreened
sewage and its performance is superior in situations
where small volumes of flow are pumped against
high heads.
The range of Grundfos Wastewater Pumps is used
for pumping sewage, wastewater and considerable
quantities of surface water and ground water.
D
Sizing flow
per pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 220
10 - 300
5 - 150
0 - 300
Multilift
SE1
SEV
Pump failures in a sewage system may additionally

result in evacuation and rehousing of people, due
to contamination. Therefore we recommend always
to have 100% spare capacity in the system.
I
For larger quantities of wastewater the most common used installation is submerged in a pumping
station, where the pump is lowered into position on
guide rails, and it automatically connects with the
discharge pipe system.
Sewage
outlet
Drainage/effluent
inlet
Sewage inlet
Single-channel impeller
Vortex
impeller
If space is available, the pumps can also be installed

either vertically or horizontally, in dry rooms.
Sewage pumps in common systems are frequently
operated in parallel to enhance output.
144
Free passage [mm]
5. Wastewater
System description
E
E
F
For emptying of tanks, ponds and pools the lightweight Composit Unilift CC or stainless steel range
of Unilift KP, Unilift AP and DP pumps are very easy
to handle and install.
D
Sizing flow
per pump
m/h
Pump type
0 - 14
Unilift KP
0 - 34
Unilift AP
0 - 45
DP
In the systems the min. free passage for the pump

must not be less than 10 mm.
As a portable pump the robustness of the stainless
steel guaranties a reliable operation
Emptying
of tanks
and pools
(Drainage)
Effluent
inlet
I
The vertical discharge port at the top of the Unilift
KP and Unilift AP pump allows for quick installation.
The pump range is ideal for permanent installation
and allows for vertical, horizontal or even inclined
installation.
145
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
How to select
T .
Q
Step 1:
Define total inflow
Step 2:
Define geodetic head
Head
[m]
Max.
duty point
Required
head
System
characteristics
Step 3:
Define discharge pipe sizes
Step 4:
Define losses in the piping system
Flow [m/h]
Flow required
Step 5:
Define total head and duty point of the
pump
Step 6:
Find the exact pump in the data booklet/
WinCaps
Step 7:
Dimension sump, pit and type of
level sensors
H
Pump curve
System
characteristics
curve
Pump selection is always based on the duty requirements. The wide range of pumps available offers a
standard pump to meet most specifications.
The information provided for the various pumps
in the quick selection guide is, although accurate
enough for most project work, by necessity condensed, and should be used for preliminary pump
selection only. Final pump selection should be confirmed using individual pump data sheets available
from the manufacturer.
When the pumps is selected, it is important to
select a pump, where the duty point is as close as
possible to the max efficiency point.
Note:
Local authorities often have different regulations as
to layout and dimensioning of pump systems.
146
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
S 1: D
Calculation of the capacity of the pump system
depends very much on inflow and variations of this,
which should be carefully estimated. The pumps
should always be dimensioned according to worst
case.
m
100,000
90,000
80,000
60,000
Inflow typically consists of one or more of the

following types of water:
50,000
40,000
Sandy soil
30,000
Drainage and infiltration water

Rainwater
Wastewater
Clay soil
20,000
10,000
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Qd,r [m/h]
C
Rated inflow in common systems
The rated discharge (Qr) in common systems is
calculated like this:
Inflow zone:
2 x 10 m
Drain
pipes
Inflow zone:
2 x 30 m
Qd,r
[m/h]
300
280
260
240
220
Wind
200
Qr = Qs,r + Qr,r + Qd,r (l/s), where

Qd,r = the rated amount of drainage water (l/s)
Qr,r = the rated amount of rainwater (l/s)
Qs,r = the rated amount of sewage water (l/s)
180
160
140
Precipitation in
mountainous areas:
230 l/s/ha (rainwater only)
120
100
80
60
40
Precipitation in flat areas:

20
0
0
400
800
The rated discharge flow in separate systems is

Qr = Qs,r in sewage water pipes (l/s)
1600
Qd,r
[m/h]
200
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Beds
180
160
Hospitals and Hotels
140
When dimensioning pipes transporting both

pumped and unpumped water, the probability of
simultaneously occurring peak water flows must be
taken into consideration.
Because of this it may be necessary to minimize the
rated discharge flow by increasing the accumulation capacity in the pump sump.
2000
+
100
Qr = Qr,r + Qd,r in rainwater pipes (l/s)
1200
120
100
10
80
1000
600
2000
60
Employees
Office buildings
40
Blocks of flats
DN 100
20
DN 80
DN 65
DN 50
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Dwelling
units
Please see the following figures
147
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
How to select
T .
Drainage Water
m2
100,000
90,000
80,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
Sandy soil
30,000
Clay soil
20,000
10,000
Inflow zone:
2 x 10 m
Drain
pipes
Inflow zone:
2 x 30 m
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Qd,r [m/h]
148
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
Rainwater
Qd,r [m/h]
300
280
260
240
220
Wind
200
180
160
140
120
Precipitation in
mountainous areas:
100
80
60

40
20
0
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
149
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
How to select
T .
Wastewater
Qs,r [m/h]
200
Beds
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
180
160
140
120
100
Employees
10
80
1000
600
2000
60
Office buildings
40
Blocks of flats
DN 100
20
DN 80
DN 65
DN 50
0
0
150
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Dwelling
units
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
1) D
The rated amount of drainage water is usually small
and is often estimated. In case of porous soil in the
surroundings and drainage under the groundwater
level, the rated amount of drainage water should
be based on a hydrogeological test
Ex. There are 835 m drainage pipes in sandy soil,
which covers an area of 50,000 m. This gives a
rated drainage flow (Qd,r) of 27 m/h
m
100,000
90,000
80,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
Sandy soil
Clay soil
20,000
2) R
10,000
20
40
60
80
100
Inflow zone:
2 x 10 m
Drain
pipes
Inflow zone:
2 x 30 m
120
140
160
180
200
Qd,r [m/h]
The rated rainwater flow is calculated like this:

Qr,r = i x j x A, where
i = the rated rain intensity (l/s/m)
A = catchment area in m (horizontal
projection)
= discharge coefficient
The calculation of rain intensity is based on consideration of the consequences of flooding. The
discharge coefficient is a measure of the rainwater
runoff from the catchment area.
The coefficient varies with the type of surface.
The catchment area is calculated as the sum of:
a) Horizontal areas
b) Horizontal projection of sloping surfaces
c) 1/3 of vertical surfaces hit by heavy showers,
i.e. normally the surface pointing towards
the prevailing wind direction.
Discharge coefficients
Guidelines for calculating
discharge coefficients
Surface Discharge coefficient
()
Roofs and impermeable

surfaces, e.g. bitumen,
concrete or surfaces with
tight joints
1.0
Surfaces with joints of

gravel and grass
Gravel
0.8
0.6
Garden areas and similar places 0.1
The average discharge coefficient must normally

not exceed the one stipulated by the authorities
for the in-stallation in question. If it does, a delay
basin or some-thing similar should be established
in agreement with the authorities.
151
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
How to select
T .
3) W
The rated wastewater flow is based on the assumed
wastewater flows qs,a from the individual installations, taking the probability of simultaneous discharge into consideration.
3.1 Assumed wastewater flow (qs,a)
The assumed wastewater flow is the inflow to the
discharge system from an installation, floor outlet
or the like during normal use.
3.2 Rated wastewater flow (Qs,r)
The rated wastewater flow is based on the size of
the discharge installation, defined as
coupling pipes which only transport discharge
from one installation or one rainwater inlet
connecting pipes where the assumed total
wastewater flow is less than 12 l/s. Connecting
pipes are pipes which transport discharge from
more than one installation and more than one
rainwater inlet
connecting pipes where the assumed wastewater flow is >12 l/s.
Assumed wastewater flow (qs,a)

Installations
qs,a
flow (l/s)
Bathtub
Bidet
Shower
Floor drain in buildings
Wash basin
Kitchen sink, single
or double
Kitchen sink, single
or double (industry)
Urinal
0.9
0.3
0.4
0.9
0.3
Urinal with flushing

valve
Washing machine
(private)
Dishwasher
Washing trough
0.6
1.2
0.3 per stand
(max 1.8)
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.4 per meter
or 0.3 per tap
point
WC with cistern or
flushing valve (69 l
per flush)
1.8
Qd,r
[m/h]
200
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Beds
180
160
140
120
100
10
80
1000
600
2000
60
Employees
Office buildings
40
Blocks of flats
DN 100
20
DN 80
DN 65
DN 50
0
0
152
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Dwelling
units
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
S D:
Hotel with 360 rooms
Location
Drain around building
Soil
540 beds
Flat area
180 m piping
Clay
65 m
C :
Hotel
25 m
The rated discharge (Qr) in common systems is

Pump pit
Qr = Qs,r + Qr,r + Qd,r (l/s), where

Qd,r = the rated amount of drainage water (l/s)
Qr,r = the rated amount of rainwater (l/s)
Qs,r = the rated amount of sewage water (l/s)
m
100,000
D:
90,000
80,000
Inflow zone: 180 m. x (2 x 10 m.) = 3600 m

60,000
Inflow from drainage:
Qd,r = 2 m/h = 0,5 l/s
50,000
40,000
In this example the drainage water is led directly

into the main wastewater pumping station, because
it is a common system.
Sandy soil
30,000
Clay soil
20,000
10,000
20
40
60
80
100
Inflow zone:
2 x 10 m
Drain
pipes
Inflow zone:
2 x 30 m
120
140
160
180
200
Qd,r [m/h]
153
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
How to select
T .
R :
Calculation of area:
Hotel roof area:
Vertical area*:
Parking area:
60 m. x 30 m.= 1.800 m
30 m. x 60m. = 1.800 m
40 m. x 30 m.= 1.200 m
65 m
*) only calculate the vertical area which is in the

most common wind direction
Hotel roof area: 1,800 x 1.00 =
Vertical area:1.800 x 1/3 x 1.00=
Parking area: 1,200 x 1.00=
1,800 m
600 m
1,200 m
Total catchment area:
3,600 m
Hotel
25 m
Pump pit
Qd,r
[m/h]
300
280
260
240
Inflow from Rainwater:

Qr,r = 48 m/h x 3.6 = 173 m/h = 48 l/s
220
Wind
200
180
160
In this example the rainwater is led directly into the

main wastewater pumping station, because it is a
common system.
Precipitation in
mountainous areas:
140
120
100
80
60

40
20
0
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
S
The total amount of Wastewater from the hotel
with 540 beds can be estimated from the table
beside:
Beds
Inflow from sewage:
Qs,r = 130 m/h = 36 l/s
Hotel
Establishment of the max. flow from the hotel:

Qr = Qs,r + Qr,r + Qd,r (l/s),
Qr = 36 + 48 + 0,5 l/s = 84.5 l/s
154
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
S 2: D
The geodetic head is the vertical distance from the
average water surface in the pumping station to
the outlet of the rising main. This is given by the
consultant engineer, and is 6 m
S 3: D
In a wastewater pump system there are internal
pipes (inside the pumping station) and external
pipes (rising main in the ground).
The size of internal piping is often chosen to be the
same as the size of the pump discharge.
We have just calculated that the flow is 84.5 l/s,
and from our pump catalogue we see that a typical
pump for this flow has a DN200 mm discharge
flange.
The internal piping are vertical pipes, and for sewage the velocity in vertical pipes should not be
less than 1.0 m/s to avoid problems with harmful
deposits and not higher than 3 m/s to avoid unnecessarily high pressure losses.
The velocity can be calculated like this:

v = Q/A
where
v = the velocity in m/s
Q = the flow in m3/s
A = the internal area of the pipe in m2
In this example this gives us a velocity of:
Q = 84.5 l/s = 0.0845 m3/s
A = p / 4 x 0.21512 = 0.03634
v = 0.0845 / 0.03634 = 2.33 m/s
This velocity is acceptable, and therefore we
choose the internal piping and accessories to be
DN200 mm.
The rising main is sometimes an existing pipe,

and therefore all information is available. But in
applications where a new rising main should be
established, the pump supplier must recommend
the dimension.
The recommended velocity in a rising main for
sewage should not be less than 0.8 m/s to avoid
problems with harmful deposits and not higher
than 2 m/s to avoid unnecessarily high pressure
losses.
The recommended internal diameter of the rising main can be calculated like this:
A = Q/v
where
A = the internal area of the pipe in m
Q = the flow in m/s
v = the wanted velocity in m/s
In this example we have the following
information:
Q = 84.5 l/s = 0.0845 m/s
A = p / 4 x D2
v = 1.2 m/s
This gives us a recommended internal
diameter of approx. 300 mm and therefore
we choose a 315 mm PVC pipe, which has an
internal diameter of 296.6 mm.
155
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
S 4: D
By using the Grundfos WinCaps selction program,

the losses in the piping system and the total head
can be defined and the pump can be selected automatically.
As this is a sewage installation we want to have
100% spare capacity.
This means 2 alternating pumps, but where 1 pump
can manage the duty point and the other as standby
pump.
Click Next.
Select Type of Hydraulic. Leaving out some of the
impellers, will narrow down the range of selected
pumps.
In this example, we want to have a complete range
to select from.
Click Next
Fill in the result from our calculations:
Total discharge flow: 84.5 l/s
Geodetic (static) head: 6 m.
Pipe friction losses is devided into 3 catagories:
Pipe friction losses inside the pit
Pressure losses in manifold
Pipe friction losses outside the pit
In this example the internal pipe is:
DN 200 stainless steel
Length 5 m
156
FLOW THINKING
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
In a standard sewage pumping station the fittings

used are as follows.
one isolating valve
one non-return ball valve
one auto coupling
one manifold
one standard widening
two 90 deg. bends
The data for raising main pipe is as following:
315 mm. PVC
315 m length
no. of rising main fittings
If the Pipe friction losses is known, they can also be
filled in. In this example they are unknown, click the
selection button.
Choose the material inside pit and manifold. In this
example it is made of Stainless steel.
Click selection button for more selections.
Fill in the known data for:
DN200 Stainless steel
Length 5 m.
To calculate losses incurred from single resistances,
click the selection button in the Zeta column.
Choose:
1 isolating valve
1 non-return ball valve
1 auto coupling
1 standard widening
1 90 deg. bends
Make the same calculation for the manifold:
157
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
S 4: D
()
Fill in data for the manifold. As only one pump is in
operation, we do not use any Cross expansion. All
pipes have same dimension, DN 200.
Finally we need to make the calculations for pipes

outside the pit.
Fill in the data for pipe outside the pit:

315 mm PVC PN10
Length 315 m
To calculate losses incurred from single resistances,
click the selection button in the Zeta column.
Outlet losses will always be minimum friction

losses
The pipe friction losses is calculated by the Wincaps

and we see that the friction loss of the pipe system
and individual losses give us a total friction head of
the pump system of 3.71 m.
158
FLOW THINKING
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
S 5: D
The total head can now be calculated as follows:

Htotal = Hfriction + Hgeodetic
Htotal = 3.71 m + 6 m = 9.71 m
This gives the following duty point for the pump:
Q = 84.5 l/s
H = 9.6 m
S 6: S
Select what type of material the pump should be
made of, type of motor, power supply and life cycle
cost settings and the hit list settings.
Based on the hotel data the following pump is

selected: S1 134BL1A 511
159
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
PUMP SELECTION AND SYSTEM CALCULATION REPORT

You can use the Print-function to print out detailed
reports and calculations. Below is an example of
such report.
160
FLOW THINKING
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
161
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
How to select
T .
PUMP SELECTION AND SYSTEM CALCULATION REPORT ()
162
5. Wastewater
How to select
T .
S 7: D ,
D
Vh [m]
The effective sump volume is the accumulated

volume of the sump between pump start and stop.
From the pump selection under step 6 we know that

the duty point is approximately 85 l/s
Standard sewage pumps are designed for maximum 20 starts per hour.
From the Nomogram the effective volume can be

then be defined as approximately 4 m.
By using the formulas this can also be calculated.

For bigger systems, with more pumps operated in
parallel, the effective sump volume can also be calculated by the formulas.
Q [l/s]
Q
Zmax
Vh
= Pump capacity [l/s]

= Maximum starting frequency [1/h]
= accumulated volume between
start and stop [m]
Minimum total effective sump volume

6 pumps in
parallel
alternating
operation
(factor 0.2)
Vh =
4 pumps in
parallel
alternating
operation
(factor 0.25)
2 pumps in
parallel
alternating
operation
(factor 0.5)
Qin/Q < 1
Single pump
Qin/Q 1
Q x 3.6
Q x 3.6
Q x 3.6
Q x 3.6
V =
V =
V =
24 x Zmax h 16 x Zmax h 8 x Zmax h 4 x Zmax
163
5. Wastewater
FLOW THINKING
How to select
T .
D
On the basis of the effective sump volume, the pit
can be designed.
Level switch
number
A general drawing of a two pump pit installation

without intermediate deck can be seen below.
It is recommended to use four level switches for
this type of installation.
Function
Stop
Start pump 1
Alarm
Start pump 2
The effective pump volume needs to be the volume

between level switch 1 and level switch 2.
For any permanent pump installation in a pit it
is recommended to use the Auto coupling installation.
11
Pos.
7
6
5
4
A>100 mm
45
164
2
1
2
1
Components
Auto-coupling
Pump
Guide rails 112"
Lifting chain
Discharge pipe
Non-return valve
Isolating valve
Guide rail bracket

(included in pos. 1)
Junction box
10
Vent pipe
11
Cover top deck
FLOW THINKING
6. Tool box
Theory
Basic pump theory
Mixing loops
Heating
Basic theory
Life Cycle Cost

Calculation
Example
Speed Control
Control mode
Control mode
Constant curve
Constant diff. pressuer
Proportional pressure (calculated)
Proportional pressure (measured)
Temperature control
Constant Flow
Constant pressure
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Theory
B
Q H
The pump performance curve is shown in the
diagram, where Q (flow) is the X axis and H (head)
or p (pressure) is the Y axis.
Q = m3/H; l/s; m3/s
H = mWc;
p = kPa
H
p
Q-H
E
The effect curve is showing P (effect) at the Y axis
and Q at the X axis.
P=
Qxp
or P = x g x
QxH
= efficiency; = density;
g = acceleration due to gravity
The P curve can be P1 or P2 depending on the
pump type.
P = W; kW; HP
NPSH
NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) is an expression
for the pressure lost in the pump, and together with
the vapour pressure, it is used to calculate the inlet
pressure needed at the pump to avoid cavitation.
The NPSH curve is showing H (head) at the Y axis
and Q at the X axis.
Q
NPSH
166
6. Tool box
Theory
B
E
The curve is showing the (efficiency) of the pump.
The efficiency is measured in %.
All pumps have a best point (max.), showing
where the pump has the highest efficiency.
The efficiency of the pump depends on the pump
size and the quality of the construction/production.
Small pumps have a lower efficiency than large
pumps.
max.
I
P1 is the total induced effect to the pump system.
P2 is the effect coming from the motor (shaft
effect).
The difference between P1 and P2 indicates either
the efficiency of the motor (mot.), or the efficiency
of the motor (mot.) + the efficiency speed regulation (reg.).
P3 is the effect induced to the pump.
P4 is the hydraulic effect (Q x H).
The difference between P3 and P4 indicates the
efficiency of the pump (pu).
P1
reg.
mot.
P2
P3
P4
pu.
D
The duty point is at the intersection between the
Q H curve and the system characteristics.
Duty point
167
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Theory
B
S
The system characteristics show the pressure lost
in the system as a function of the flow. The starting
point of the characteristics depends on the type of
system.
a.
b.
H
a
In a closed system (circulation of liquid) it will

always start at 0.0 (0 flow; 0 head).
In an open system (transport of liquid) the
starting point depends on Hgeo (geometric lift).
b
Hgeo
Q
S
System characteristics in parallel will decrease H.
Horizontal addition.
C1
H
C2
H
C1 + C2
H
C1
C2
S
System characteristics in series will increase H.
Vertical addition.
C1
C1
H
C2
C2
H
168
C1 + C2
6. Tool box
Theory
B
S
Common for all system characteristics is that there
is a connection between Q (flow) and H (head).
If Q is decreased to 12, H will be decreased to 14 .
P
Pump in parallel will increase Q.
Horizontal addition.
For 2 identical pumps the maximum Q will double.
Maximum H will be the same.
Normally used in pump systems.
Pu1+Pu2
Pu2
Pu1
H
Pu1
Pu2
P
H
Pumps in series will increase H.

Vertical addition.
For 2 identical pumps the maximum H will double.
Maximum Q will remain the same.
Normally used in multi-stage pumps.
Pu1
Pu1
Q
Pu2
Pu2
H
Pu1+ Pu2
169
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Theory
B
D
The driving pump curve shows the total effect of
the positive pump curve and the negative system
characteristics (Pu C = X).
This is used to give a graphic picture of a hydraulic
connection of systems.
Xcurve
C
Pu
X
Pu
R
H
By changing the revolutions of the pump (n) to a

lower or higher speed, the pump curve will also
change.
n = 1.25
n = 1.0
n = 0.75
n = 0.5
n =0.25
Q
Affinity equation:
Q1 /Q2
H1 /H2
P1 /P2
=
=
=
n1 /n2
(n1 /n2)2
(n1 /n2)3
n1
H1
H2
n2
Q2 Q1
P1
P2
Q
170
6. Tool box
Theory
B
Boiler:
= 210 [kW]
t = 20C
Q = 9.1 [m3/h] H = 1.5 [m]
Constant temperature
Variable flow
Radiator system:
= 160 [kW]
t = 20C
Q = 6.9 [m3/h] H = 3.5 [m]
Variable temperature
Constant flow
Hot water production:

= 50 [kW]
t = 20C
Q = 2.2 [m3/h] H = 2.0 [m]
Constant temperature
Variable flow
Pu2
C2
M
Pu1
C3
C1
Pu2
UPS 40-60/2 F
Pu1
UPS 25-60
PuX 2
PuX 1+2
PuX 1
C2
C1
Calculated
duty point
Calculated
duty point
C3
m3/H
H
Example of using the graphic method and driving
pump curves to determine the right selection of
more that one pump in a system. In this case two
pumps share the pressure lost in part of the system
(the boiler). The diagram shows the maximum head
of both pumps needed to secure the right maximum flow. The head in the radiator system has to
be adjusted to limit the flow
m3/H
P :
Pu1 = UPS 25-60
H = 4.0 [m]
Q = 2.2 [m3/h]
Pu2 = UPS 40-60/2F
H = 5.2 [m]
Q = 7.6 [m3/h] (without adjustment)
171
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Theory
M
Mixing loops and control valves
System 1
System 2
Load
System 3
Load
System 4
Load
Load
System 6
Load
Load
Main pump
System 5
Heat
supply
172
Hydraulic separation
NO
YES
NO
YES
YES
YES
Temperature control
NO
YES
NO
YES
YES
YES
Investment
LOW
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
Operation cost
lLOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
HIGH
HIGH
6. Tool box
Theory
M
SYSTEM 1
Function:
Secondary side:
The load will normally be an exchanger, where the
temperature out of the exchanger is the set point.
The flow is decreasing when the valve is closing.
The valve can be placed either in the flow pipe or
in the return pipe.
Primary side:
The flow is decreasing when the valve is closing If
an uncontrolled pump is installed on the primary
side, the differential pressure in the connection
point will increase when the flow is decreasing.
T
t=
Constant
Load
Q=
Variable
Interaction with speed controlled pump:

Primary side:
The pump will reduce the speed when the valve is
closing. Normally proportional pressure control is
recommended in systems where the pressure lost
is split between the pipe system and the control
valves.
Connection point
Main system
Head
Closing valve
Open valve
Flow
173
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Theory
M
SYSTEM 2
Function:
Secondary side:
The load will normally be a heat surface or a radiator system, where there is a demand for a variable
temperature. The flow in the secondary side will
normally be higher, due to a reduction in the flow
temperature.The flow can be constant or variable,
depending on the system. The valve can be placed
either in the flow pipe or in the return pipe.
t=
Variable
Load
Q=
Constant
Primary side:
The flow is decreasing when the valve is closing. If
M
Interaction with speed-controlled pumps:

Secondary side:
Due to the higher flow in the secondary side a
speed controlled pump will have the authority in
the secondary system.
Primary side:
The pump will reduce the speed when the valve is
recommended in systems where the pressure loss
valves.
Q=
Variable
Connection point
Main system
Head
Closing valve
Open valve
Flow
174
6. Tool box
Theory
M
SYSTEM 3
Function:
Secondary side:
The load will normally be an exchanger, where the
temperature out of the exchanger is the setpoint.
The flow is decreasing when the valve is closing.
The valve can be placed either in the flow pipe or
in the return pipe. The pressure lost in the bypass
has to be close to the same as the pressure lost
in the system.
T
t=
Constant
Load
Q=
Variable
Primary side:
The flow is constant, but the differential temperature will change when the valve is adjusting.
A
B

Primary side:
A pressure-controlled pump will not react when the
valve is adjusting, but it is possible to speed control
the pump due to temperature, constant return
temperature or constant differential temperature.
M
AB
Q=
Constant
Connection point
Main system
Head
Port A
or
Port B
Flow
175
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Theory
M
SYSTEM 4
Function:
Secondary side:
The load will normally be a heat surface or a radiator system, where there is a demand for a variable
temperature. Due to a reduction in the flow temperature, the flow in the secondary side will normally be higher. The flow can be constant or variable, depending on the system. The valve can be
placed either in the flow pipe or in the return pipe.
Primary side:
The flow is decreasing when the valve is closing. If
t=
Variable
Load
Q=
Variable/
Constant
AB
B
A

Primary side:
Due to the higher flow in the secondary side, a
the secondary system.
Primary side:
The pump will reduce the speed when the valve,is
recommended in systems where the pressure loss
valves.
Q=
Variable
Connection point
Main system
Head
Closing valve
AB-B
Open valve
AB-B
Flow
176
6. Tool box
Theory
M
SYSTEM 5
Function:
Secondary side:
The load will normally be a heat surface or a radiator system where there is a demand for a variable
temperature. Due to a reduction in the flow temperature, the flow in the secondary side will normally be higher than in the primary side.
The flow can be constant or variable, depending on
the system. The valve can be placed either in the
flow pipe or in the return pipe.
t=
Variable
Load
Q=
Constant
Primary side:
A
B

Secondary side:
Due to the higher flow in the secondary side, the
secondary systems.
Primary side:
A pressure controlled pump will not react when the
M
AB
Q=
Constant
Connection point
Main system
Head
Port A
or
Port B
Flow
177
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Theory
M
SYSTEM 6
Function:
Secondary side:
The load will normally be a heat surface or a radiator system where there is a demand for a variable
temperature. Due to a reduction in the flow temperature, the flow in the secondary side will normally be higher than in the primary side.
The flow can be constant or variable, depending on
the system. The valve can be placed either in the
flow pipe or in the return pipe.
t=
Variable
Load
Q=
Constant
AB
Primary side:
M
B

Secondary side:
Due to the higher flow in the secondary side, a
secundary systems.
Primary side:
A pressure-controlled pump will not react when the
Q=
Constant
Connection point
Main system
Head
Port A
or
Port B
Flow
178
6. Tool box
Theory
M
3-way valves:
3-way valve for mixing
3-way valve for division

Load
Load
Variable
temperature
Constant
temperature
Variable
flow
Constant
flow
AB
A
B
B
A
AB
Variable
flow
Constant
flow
Pressure control valves:

Pressure relief
Constant pressure
p
constant
p
constant
Constant pressure
M
Constant flow
Constant flow
p
constant
179
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Heating
B
H
The heating system should compensate for the heat
loss in the building. Therefore this loss will be the
basis for all calculations in connection with the
heating system.
tu
The following formula should be used:

U x A x (ti-tu) =
=
U=
A=
ti =
tu =
ti
The flow of heat (heat loss) in [W]

The transmission coefficient in [W/m2 K]
The area in [m2]
Dimensioning indoor temperature in [C]
Dimensioning outdoor temperature in [C]
Flow in %
= Variation in flow
C
When the heat flow is known, the flow pipe
temperature tF and the return-pipe temperature
tR should be determined, in order to be able to
calculate the volume flow rate Q.
The temperatures not only determine the volume
flow rate, but also when heating surfaces should be
dimensioned (radiators, calorifiers etc.)
The following formula should be used:
x 0.86
(tF-tR)
=Q
= Heat demand in [kW]

Q = Volume flow rate in [m3/h]
tF = Dimensioning flow pipe temperature in [C]
tR = Dimensioning return-pipe temperature in [C]
0.86 is the conversion factor (kcal/h to kW)
180
Operating hours in %
tF
tR
6. Tool box
Heating
B
C :
To select the right pump and to have the right
balance in the system, it is necessary to calculate
the pressure lost in all parts of the system.
A heating system can be devided into 3 parts:
Heat production: Boilers, Heat exchangers, Solar
collectors, Generators, etc.
Heat distribution: Pipes, Fittings, Valves, Pumps.
Heat consumption: Radiators, Calorifiers,
Heating surfaces, Fan coils, Floor heating coils
Domestic hot water production.
After dimensioning of the system, a pressure loss
calculation should be made. The pressure loss (head)
up to the critical point, i.e. the point to which the
biggest pressure loss exists, should be the dimensioning pressure loss for the pump.
If the system is big, it would be an advantage to
zone-divide it, this would make the pressure loss
calculation more clear.
When zone-dividing the system, it is important to
establish which components belong to the distribution part and which belong to the individual
zone. After the calculation it is possible to draw a
system characteristic in a coordinate system, where
the pressure loss (H) is plotted on the Y-axis and the
volume flow rate (Q) on the X-axis.
Normally the piping is dimensioned from a maximum pressure loss per m pipe, where 100-150 Pa/m
is a good basis. Another possibility is that the velocity of the pipes determines the dimensioning, up to
100 mm pipe = 1m/s (approx. 28m3/h). An economic
pipe dimensioning should be made in cases of pipes
over 100 mm.
Heat production
Heat consumption
Heat distribution
Zone 1
Zone 2
Heat production
Main distribution
Duty point
H
Y-axis
X-axis
181
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Heating
B
S :
The static pressure of the system is the pressure
which is not provided by the circulator pump. The
static pressure depends on the construction of the
system. We distinguish between 2 types of systems:
Open system; Pressurized system.
The static pressure has big influence on both pumps
and valves. If the static pressure is too low, the risk
of cavitation increases, especially at high temperatures. For canned rotor type pumps, a minimum
inlet pressure (static pressure) is stated. For big
pumps the static pressure can be calculated from
the NPSH value of the pump.
Open system
Atmospheric
pressure
Static system
pressure
The height of the water level in the expansion tank

gives the static pressure. In the shown example, the
static pressure before the pump is approx. 1.6 m.
Open systems are not used so often, but if the heat
source for example is a solid fuel system, it may be
required that the system is an open system.
Pressurized system
Precompressed
gas
Static system
pressure
Static pressure [m]
A pressurized system has a pressure expansion

tank with a rubber membrane, which separates the
compressed gas (nitrogen) and the water in the
system. The static pressure of the system must be
approx. 1.1 x the inlet pressure in the tank. If the
static pressure is higher, the tank loses its ability
to absorb the dilation of the water which happens
when it is heated. This may cause unintentional
pressure rises in the system. If the static pressure
in the system is lower than the inlet pressure, there
will be no water reserve when the temperature in
the system falls, this may in some cases cause a
vacuum in the system, and there is a risk of air
being drawn in.
182
Precompressed
gas
Static system
pressure
6. Tool box
Life Cycle Cost
C
E
Nearly 20 % of the worlds electrical energy consumption is used for pump systems.
In some Commercial Building Services pump systems the use of speed controlled pump systems
makes it possible to save more than 50 % of this
energy.
Other use
80%
20%
Pump systems
S
A Guide to LCC Analysis for Pumping Systems, is a
referencebook on the LCC subject. It is the result of
a collaboration between:
Hydraulic Institute
Europump
US Department of Energys Office of industrial
Technologies
The life cycle cost of any piece of equipment is the
total lifetime cost to purchase, install, operate,
maintain and dispose of that equipment.
The methodology to identify and quantify all of the
components in the Life Cycle Cost will be described
in the following section.
Life Cycle Cost
10 years operation
70000
60000
When used as a comparison tool between possible

design or overhaul alternatives, the LCC process will
show the most cost-effective solution within the
limits of available data.
50000
Euro
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
Energy cost
Maintenance
Initial Cost
Initial Cost
System 1
62100
0
6400
Maintenance
System 2
28640
0
12000
Energy cost
183
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Life Cycle Cost

C
LCC
The Life Cycle Cost is calculated as:
LCC = Cic + Cin + Ce + Co + Cm + Cs + Cenv + Cd
Typical Life Cycle Cost

of a circulating system in
Commercial Building Services
Where:
LCC
Cic
Cin
Ce
Co
Cm
Cs
Cenv
Cd
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
life cycle cost

inital costs, purchase price
installation and commissioning costs
energy costs
operation costs (labour cost)
maintenance and repair costs
down time costs (loss of production)
environmental costs
decommissioning/disposal costs
In the following section each of these cost components will be described. As seen from the illustration, the energy cost, initial cost and maintenance
cost are the most important in Commercial Building
Services pump systems.
Inital cost
Maintenance cost
Energy cost
I , (C)
This includes all the equipment and accessories
needed to operate the pump system. E.g. this
includes:
Pumps
Frequency converters
Control panels
Transmitters
Example showing the initial costs Cic

of a constant speed pump system
(system 1) and a speed controlled
pump system (system 2).
8000
7000
6000
5000
Often there is a trade off between initial costs

and energy and maintenance costs, as the more
expensive components often have a longer lifetime
or lower energy consumption as is the case with
speed control pumps.
Euro
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Initial Cost
Initial Cost
184
System 1
5200
System 2
7300
6. Tool box
Life Cycle Cost
C
I C (C)
This includes costs such as:
Installation of pumps
Foundation (if necessary)
Connection of electrical wiring and
instrumentation
Installation, connection and set-up of
transmitters, frequency converters, etc.
Connection to BMS system
Performance eveluation at start-up
Again it is advisable to check for trade offs. In
some cases, as with speed controlled pumps, many
components are integrated in the product, which
then gives a higher initial cost, but lower installation and commisioning costs. Compared to other
costs in a circulating Commercial Building Services
pump system this kind of costs is often modest.
Integrated components and software in

an E-pump, which saves installation and
commissioning costs
User
interface
Software
Control
Frequency
converter
Standard
motor
Sensor
E C (C)
Pump
In most cases, energy consumption is the largest

cost in the LCC of pump systems in Commercial
Building Services, where the pumps are often running more than 2000 hours a year.
Many factors influence the energy consumption of
the pump system, e.g.:
Load profile of circulation systems in

Commercial Building Services systems
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Outdoor temperature C
Load profile
Use of speed controlled solutions
Pump efficiency (calculation of duty point
should be carried out carefully)
Motor efficiency (the motor efficiency at
partial load can vary significantly between
high efficiency motors and normal efficiency
motors)
Pump sizing (often margins and round ups
tend to suggest oversized pumps)
Other system components, such as pipes and
valves
Heating needs
North European
Central European
South European
Cooling needs
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
8760
Hours/year
185
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Life Cycle Cost

C
O C (C)
Operating costs are labour costs related to the
operation of a pumping system. In most cases the
labour cost, which can be related to the pumps in a
commercial building, is modest. Grundfos E-pumps
provide various ways of monitoring the pump, e.g.
the surveillance of the pumps can be done via the
BMS, as the pumps have BUS communication.
BMS
Main station
Secondary
stations
Boiler
room
Technical
college
Other
Valve
Pump
BUS
Gateway
Components
Pump
M R C (C)
This basically covers all costs related to maintenance and repair of the pump system, e.g.:
Labour cost
Spare parts
Transportation
Cleaning
To obtain the optimum working life of a pump and
prevent breakdowns, it is feasible to carry out routine maintenance. Grundfos has made some estimates on the cost of maintenance for the pumps.
186
Wet-runner pumps are maintenancefree for a period of 10 years.

Dry-runner pumps are estimated to
have replaced the shaft seal three
times and motor bearings four times
during their life time, which is 20
years. This is estimated to a total of
appr. 1500 EUR per pump.
6. Tool box
Life Cycle Cost
C
D P C (C)
These costs are only relevant in pump systems used
in production processes. In Commercial Building
Services a stop of the pump rarely results in loss of
production, but more in a loss of comfort. So the
measureable cost of this is modest in CBS. But
the unmeasureable costs, e.g. guests in a hotel
without water can be even higher. Even though
one pump is enough for the required pump performance, Grundfos always recommends to install a
back-up pump, to prevent the loss of comfort caused
by an unexpected failure in the pump system. The
communication possibilities of the E-pumps make
it possible to act fast in case of a break-down.

= 1 pump + 1 stand-by pump (Dry runner)
Head [m]
100
50
10
5
10
20
40 60 80100
200
400 600 1,000
2,000
4,000
10,000
Flow [m/h]
E C (C)
This includes the cost of disposal of parts and contamination from the pumped liquid. The contribution to the life cycle cost of a pump system in CBS
from this is set to be modest.
D D C (C)
These costs are also more relevant in systems with
harzardous liquids, and they seem to be non-existent or modest in CBS systems. At least there will
be little difference occuring from the design of the
system.
187
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Life Cycle Cost

C
C LCC
The LCC of a pump system is then made up of the
summation of all the components over the life time
of the system. This is typically 10 - 20 years. As we
are considering a significant amount of years, the
most correct way of calculating LCC would be based
on the discounted cash flow.
Working with a time frame of these 10 20 years
also indicates that the energy price will probably
be significantly higher than today. For political
reasons, the price of energy is probably going to
increase more than the general inflation.
The table on the following page can be used for
keeping hold of the different cost components for a
pump system or the comparison of two alternative
systems.
188
Cp =
Cn
[ 1 + (i p ) ]n
Where:
n = number of years
p = expected annual inflation
i = interest rate
i p = real discount rate
Cn = cost paid after n years
Cp = present cost of a single cost
element Cn
6. Tool box
Life Cycle Cost
C
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Input
Initial investment cost
Energy price (present) per kWh:
Weighted average power of
equipment in kW:
Average operating hours per year:
Energy cost per year (calculated) =
Energy price x weighted average power
x average operating hours per year:
Maintenance cost
(routine maintenance per year)
Repair every 2nd year:
Other yearly costs:
Down time cost per year:
Environmental cost:
Decommissioning/disposal
(Salvage) cost
Life time in years:
Interest rate, %:
inflation rate, %:
Output
Present LCC value:
Following the design guides in this System Guide generally tends to minimise the LCC of a pump
system in CBS. The Grundfos consultants are always ready to dicuss the possibilities of lowering the LCC
of a particular system.
189
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Life Cycle Cost

E
S
A new office building is being designed. One of
the evaluation criteria from the investor is energy
consumption.
The need for circulating water in

the heating system is calculated as:
Three alternative pump systems have to be evaluated.
Total heat demand = 100.000 kW

Sizing flow
= 1.250 m/h
Sizing head
= 45 m
S
Two constant speed pumps + one constant speed
standby pump. ON/OFF operation.
Selected pumps:
3 x NK 250-400/409
Motor size
3 x 200 kW
The pumps are
with ON/OFF control
E :
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
438
342
149.796
75
876
308
269.808
50
3.066
187
573.342
25
4.380
164
718.320
Total
8.760
Total
1.711.266
Heat source
190
Flow
[%]
6. Tool box
Life Cycle Cost
E
S
Three speed controlled pumps + one speed controlled standby pump. Constant pressure control
(measured over the pumps)
Selected pumps:
4 x NK 200-400/400
p control measured
directly over the pumps
Heat source
Motor size
4 x 132 kW
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
438
349
152,862
75
876
260
227,760
50
3.066
178
545,748
25
4.380
100
438,000
Total
8.760
Total
1.364,370
S
Three speed controlled pumps + one speed controlled standby pump. Proportional pressure control
(measured at suitable place in the system)
p control measured
out in the system
Heat source
Selected pumps:
4 x NK 200-400/400
Motor size
4 x 132 kW
191
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Life Cycle Cost

E
E :
Flow
[%]
Hours
[h]
Effect
[kW]
Energy
[kWh]
100
438
349
152.862
75
876
135
118.260
50
3.066
79
242.214
25
4.380
47
205.860
Total
8.760
Total
719.196
C LCC
20 year operation time
System 1
System 2
System 3
Saving 1 vs. 3
EURO
LCC
EURO
LCC
EURO
LCC
EURO
Saving
Saving between
1 and 3
Cic
40.000
1,2%
100.000
3,5%
105.000
6,8%
-65.000
-163%
End user price
Cin
2.000
0,1%
3.500
0,1%
3.500
0,2%
-1.500
-75%
Commissioning
2.720.740 96,1% 1.438.380 92,6%
1.984.152
58%
Energy price
0,1 EURO/kWh
Ce
3.422.532 98,6%
Co
Cm
4.500
0,1%
6.000
0,2%
6.000
0,3%
0
0
Cen
LCC
192
Cs
Cd
Remarks
2.000
3.471.032
0,1%
2.000
0,1%
2.000
0,1%
100% 2.832.240
100%
1.554.880
100%
1.918.652
0%
55%
New shaft seals/

motor bearings
6. Tool box
Life Cycle Cost
E
C LCC
Life Cycle Cost 20 years operation

3500
Euro x 1000
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
System 1
40
5
3422
Initial Cost
Maintenance
Energy cost
Initial Cost
System 2
100
5
2720
System 3
105
5
1438
Maintenance
Energy cost
Overview of the payback time

Sy
ste
m
3,50
2
Sy
ste
m
2,50
2,00
1,50
Sy
ste
m
Euro x 1000
3,00
1,00
0,50
0
10
1
12
14
16
18
20
Year of operation
Payback time
193
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Control mode
O
Single pipe heating systems
OX
Heat and colling surfaces
OX
Cooling towers
Constant pressure
Constant flow
X
OX
Systems with 3 way valve
Temperature control
Proportional pressure
(measury)
OX
Systems with 2 way valve
Chiller pumps
Proportional pressure
(calculated)
System type
Constant diff. pressure
Control mode
Constant curve
Control mode overview
X
X
X
X
X
OX
Flow filter
DHW recirculation
Pressure boosting
O= Series 2000 product range
X= Series 1000 product range
194
X
X
6. Tool box
Control mode
C C
W
When there is a demand for constant flow and constant head, a speed controlled pump can replace a
throttle valve for adjusting the flow. The speed can
be adjusted between 25% and 100%. This feature is
specially benefitial in e.g.
H [%]
RPM
100%
90%
80%
Heat surfaces
Cooling surfaces
Heating systems with 3 way valves
Air-con system with 3 way valves
Chiller pumps
70%
60%
50%
25%
Q [%]
P
Series 2000
UPE(D)/TPE
Series 1000
TPE(D)
NBE/NKE
Single speed
pump
100
Effect in %
80
60
40
20
Remote control R100 (Series 1000)
Constant curve
operation
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Flow in %
H
Duty point
with valve
Duty point
without valve
Hdin.
Qdim.
195
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Control mode
C .
W
Used in circulating systems with a pipe system with
low pressure drop and control valves to generate
a variable flow. The pressure drop in the control
valves is higher than 50% of the total pressure
drop.
H [%]
RPM
100%
90%
80%

(only TPE Series 2000)
70%
60%
50%
25%
Q [%]
Series 2000
UPE(D)/TPE
Series 1000
TPE(D)
NBE/NKE
Single speed
pump
100
Effect in %
80
A
Remote control R100 (Series 1000)
60
Diff. pressure controlled
40
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
Flow in %
p
Exchanger
3,5 m
Total p pump
11 m
196
p Pipe system
1,5 m
p
control valve
6m
Has to be kept
constant
100
6. Tool box
Control mode
P ()
W
Used in circulation systems with a pipe system with
low pressure drop and control valves to generate a
variable flow. The pressure drop in the control valves is
lower than 50% of the total pressure drop.
H [%]
RPM
100%
90%

(only TPE Series 2000)
80%
70%
60%
50%
25%
Q [%]
Series 2000
UPE(D)/TPE
A
Single speed
pump
100
Remote control R100 (optional)

Effect in %
80
60
40
Diff. pressure
controlled
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Flow in %
p
control valve
1,5 m
Has to be kept
constant
p
Exchanger
3,5 m
Total p pump
11 m
p Pipe system
6m
197
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Control mode
P ()
W
Mostly used in circulation systems with an extensive pipe system and control valves to generate
a variable flow. The pressure drop in the control
valves is lower than 50% of the total pressure drop.
H [%]
RPM
100%
90%

District heating net
80%
70%
60%
50%
25%
Q [%]
Series 1000
TPE(D)
NBE/NKE
Single speed
pump
100
80
Effect in %
Remote control R100

Differential presure transmitter
60
40
Diff. pressure
controlled
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
Flow in %
198
100
6. Tool box
Control mode
T
W
Circulation systems without control valves to generate a variable flow and systems where it is important to have a constant temperature e.g.
H [%]
RPM
100%
90%
Single pipe heating system

Boiler shunts
Domestic hot water circulation
80%
70%
60%
50%
25%
Q [%]
Series 1000
TPE(D)
NBE/NKE
Single speed
pump
100
A
Effect in %
Remote control R100

Temperature transmitter or
Differential temperature transmitter
80
60
40
Temp./diff.
temp. controlled
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Flow in %
Single pipe system

with return
temperature transmitter
199
6. Tool box
FLOW THINKING
Control mode
C
W
Used in systems where there is a demand for a
constant flow independent of the pressure drop,
e.g.
H [%]
RPM
100%
90%
Chillers for air conditioning

Flow filters
Heat surfaces
Cooling surfaces
80%
70%
60%
50%
25%
Q [%]
Series 1000
TPE(D)
NBE/NKE
Single speed
pump
100
80
Effect in %
Remote control R100

Flow transmitter or
Differential pressure transmitter
60
40
Flow/diff.
pressure controlled
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Flow in %
H
H
Using a P transmitter for

constant flow. Knowing the
characteristic of a constant
resistance it is possible to lay
down the exact P giving
the right flow
Pump
set point
Demand
flow
200
6. Tool box
Control mode
C
W
Constant pressure is used to keep a pressure at
a constant level, this is normally used for water
supply but also in pressure holding systems for
circulating systems.
H [%]
RPM
100%
90%
Pressure holding
Pressure boosting
Process systems
80%
70%
60%
50%
25%
Q [%]
Series 1000
TPE(D)
NBE/NKE
Single speed
pump
100
80
Effect in %
Remote control R100

Flow transmitter
Diff. pressure transmitter
60
Pressure controlled
40
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Flow in %
H
Pressure holding
Pressure boosting
p
p
201
FLOW THINKING
7. Reference project
FLOW THINKING
Hotel
S H, C,
D
D:
The hotel is 31,500 m2, distributed on 465 rooms
in 17 storeys. In 1998 the hotel was renovated for
DKK 10,000,000, and approx. half of the hotels
pumps were replaced by Grundfos Speed controlledpumps. The renovation meant an annual saving of
DKK 2,000,000.
H:
The hotel is heated by 5 steam/central heating
exchangers (totally 5680 kW). There are approx.
75 pumps in the heating system. 29 of these are
Grundfos Speed controlled-pumps. For ex. the following types:
2 GRUNDFOS LPE In-Line regulated dry-runner
pumps
1 GRUNDFOS TPE series 2000 In-Line speed
regulated dryrunner pump.
26 GRUNDFOS UPE speed controlled wet-runner
pumps.
2 GRUNDFOS UPS wet-runner pumps.
A :
The chilling effect of the system is 1000 kW. There
are app. 10 Grundfos pumps in the air-conditioning
system, for example:
3 GRUNDFOS CLM dry-runner pumps.
1 GRUNDFOS LP In-Line dry-runner pump.
1 GRUNDFOS UPS wet-runner pump.
P :
3 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 Booster systems
Divided in 2 pressure zones and 1 stand-by system.
B M S :
Master station: Honeywell XBS, connected to
printers and mobile telephones.
Substations: There are four Honeywell EXCEL 5000
with approx. 300 points connected.
204
Investor:
Scandic Hotel
Designer:
Cowi
Airport
A H, G
D:
The newly built Terminal C, incl. the connecting
building. This includes a Indoor climate system
with a performance of 570,000 rn3/h air, variable
volume flow system with air quality control and
heat recovery.
H:
Central heating system with 3,200 kW heat output:
22 GRUNDFOS UPE 50/65 wet-runner pumps
16 GRUNDFOS UPS 40/50 wet-runner pumps
A-:
Cooling system with 3,300 kW output, cooling with
absorption refrigerator and NH3-chiller
7 GRUNDFOS CLM 150 pumps
2 GRUNDFOS LPD 125 In-Line pumps
2 GRUNDFOS NK 150-400-75kW End-suction
pumps
P :
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 pressure boosting
system
1 GRUNDFOS CRE centrifugal pump
B M S:
Building Management system with 4,000 data
points.
Fire alarm system.
Pump control: 12 GRUNDFOS Delta Control 2000
MF
Investor:
Flughafen HannoverLangenhagen GmbH
Consulting engineer:
OBERMEYER Planen und Beraten,
Hannover
205
FLOW THINKING
Hotel
H I-C,
I, T
D:
The hotel was built in 1975 and was renovated in
1996. It covers app. 68,000 m2, distributed on 390
rooms in 28 storeys. There are 4 technical floors
and around 100 Grundfos pumps in the hotel,
used for heating, air-conditioning, ventilation and
pressure boosting. In most cases an external frequency converter is used for speed regulation of
the pumps.
H:
The hotel is heated by 4 pcs. of 2,300 kW boilers
(totally 9,200 kW). For ex. the following types:
50 GRUNDFOS LP In-Line dry-runner pumps
10 GRUNDFOS UPS wet-runner pumps for HWR
A-:
The air-conditioning system is made up by:
4 chillers 1,000 kW (totally 4,000 kW)
15 GRUNDFOS NK endsuction pumps.
P :
3 Hydro 2000 Booster systems
Divided in 3 pressure zones, one 6 bar system, one
10 bar system and one stand-by system.
B M S:
The components are connected by a Honeywell
Building Management System.
206
Investor:
Hotel Inter-Continental
Designer:
Peter Laston
(English designer)
Contractor:
Ceylan
Installer:
Grdal Engineering
Library
G ,
S
D:
In 1999 the university library in Gothenburg got
a new air-conditioning system with a computer
based Building Management System.
A-:
Speed controlled-pumps are installed in
Gothenburg's university library's new air-conditioning system regulating different flows according to
needs and consumption.
The air-conditioning system has been designed with
careful consideration to minimise the energy consumption.
GRUNDFOS TPE series 2000 In-Line pumps have
been installed in several places where there is a
varying demand for cooling and therefore a varying
flow. The Speed controlled-pumps automatically
adapt the performance and keep a constant differential pressure to the installation. The Speed controlled-pumps have the great advantage of being
compact units that are easy to install.
The chillers in the system are using propane refrigerant.
B M S:
The whole indoor climate is monitored and controlled by a computerised Building Management
System. With this system it is possible centrally to
supervise the present state of the system, and from
a computer it is possible to change settings like e.g.
temperatures.
Investor:
Akademiska Hus
The BMS system is TAC Vista.
207
FLOW THINKING
Airport
L F, S
D:
Landvetter Flygplats is the airport in Gothenburg. In
2000 approximately 4 mill. travellers went through
the airport.
Grundfos Speed controlled-pumps are used in the
cooling system for air-conditioning in the airport.
In 1999 the airports air-conditioning system was
renovated and expanded. Today the system has a
total maximum refrigerating capacity of 1,140 kW
from three chillers.
A-:
The system consists of three cooling machines each
with speed controlled Grundfos pumps on both the
hot and the cold side.
In total nine GRUNDFOS TPE series 2000 In-Line
pumps are installed in the system.
GRUNDFOS TPE series 2000 In-Line pumps regulate
the flow through the chillers and the condensers,
so that the flow at all times is exactly the necessary
flow for the actual refrigeration need.
Besides saving space and energy the system is also
optimised to be as environmentally friendly as possible for that type of system.
Investor:
Landvetter Flygplats
Designer:
Axro Consult AB
208
Shopping mall
N, S
D:
stra Nordstan is said to be Scandinavias largest
shopping mall.
GRUNDFOS TPE In-Line pumps are used in the shopping malls air-conditioning system.
A-:
The installation supplies air-conditioning for part of
the shopping mall and the offices in the building.
To save installation costs, it was decided to install
Speed controlled-pumps when the old system had
to be renovated. The Speed controlled-pumps are
all-in-one compact units, taking up a minimum of
space and easy to install.
Each pump is connected to a differential pressure
sensor in the system. The sensors give input values
to the Speed controlled-pump, which then adapt
the speed according to the actual need of performance this way the pumps save energy.
The installed pumps are:
GRUNDFOS TPE 65-120/2 In-Line pumps
GRUNDFOS TPE 50-120/2 In-Line pumps
Investor:
stra Nordstan, Sweden
209
FLOW THINKING
Heating System in Swimming pools

V, G, S
D:
Valhalla is the main swimming stadium in the
Gothenburg area with app. 500,000 visitors each
year. Valhalla has several swimming pools, including a 50 m and a 25 m pool. The first pool was
opened in December 1956 and was at that time
the largest swimming Stadium in the Scandinavian
countries.
H:
The water in the Stadium is heated by district
heating.
A GRUNDFOS LPDE 125-125/125 Speed controlled
In-Line pump is used to circulate the district heating
water through the heat exchanger for heating the
Stadium water.
The twin pump is controlled by a GRUNDFOS Delta
Control 2000.
Investor:
Valhalla
210
Theatre
B T M
D:
Approx. 70 Grundfos pumps are installed in the
theatre, used for heating, air-conditioning, ventilation, fire protection and pressure boosting. The
auditorium of Bolshoy (Grand) Theatre was constructed in 1825. While the Bolshoy troupe successfully staged marvellous ballets and operas the
building had no major repairs and became dilapidated. In 1994 on behalf of UNESCO a complete renovation and expanding project was started, including construction of 2nd stage, audience hall and
lobby (total area appr. 70,000 m2)
F P:
Booster Modules are installed for the automatic fire
fighting system:
GRUNDFOS SP 215-5-2 (7 x 93 kW)
GRUNDFOS SP 77-10 (3 x 37 kW)
For hydrant water pumping:
2 GRUNDFOS DNP 65-200/210 (30 kW)
H :
Another 50 Grundfos pumps handle water circulation, the air-conditioning and ventilating system,
for example:
4 GRUNDFOS LP In-Line pump.
2 GRUNDFOS DNM 32-200 end-suction pump.
2 GRUNDFOS NK 80-315 end-suction pump.
40 GRUNDFOS UPS (D) wet-runner pump.
D:
For discharge of drainage water the most robust
pumps were admitted to be GRUNDFOS AP 10 (5 pcs)
B M S:
The pump management system for the fire extinguishing plant is a control panel GRUNDFOS control
2000.
Investor:
Government of Russia
Designer:
Spezavtomatika
Contractor:
Administration of Bolshoy
Theatre and Grundfos GMBH
211
FLOW THINKING
Airport
A D GH
D:
After the fire catastrophe in 1996 restauration and
rebuilding measures were decided for the Flughafen
Dsseldorf under the expression Airport 2000
Plus. These contained the construction of GateC/
Departure as well as the restauration of the central
building, GateB and GateD.
H:
3 GRUNDFOS UPS 40-40 F wet-runner pumps
2 GRUNDFOS UPS 25-40 wet-runner pumps
1 GRUNDFOS TPE 80-120 In-Line pump
2 GRUNDFOS TPE 65-180/2 In-Line pumps
2 GRUNDFOS TPE 100-180 In-Line pumps
2 GRUNDFOS UPE 32-120 wet-runner pumps
2 GRUNDFOS UPE 40-120 wet-runner pumps
5 GRUNDFOS UPS 40-60/2 wet-runner pumps
A-:
3 GRUNDFOS CLM 200 - 400 In-Line pumps
3 GRUNDFOS NK 200-315 55.0 KW End-suction
pumps
4 GRUNDFOS NK 200-315 45.0 KW End-suction
pumps
12 GRUNDFOS LMD 80-200/202 In-Line pumps
8 GRUNDFOS LMD 100-2007200 In-Line pumps
1 GRUNDFOS LMD 65-200/202 In-Line pumps
P :
5 GRUNDFOS booster Hydro 2000 MF 6 CR 4-60
customized systems
1 GRUNDFOS booster Hydro 2000 MF 4 CR 16-70
customized system
212
Investor
Flughafen HannoverLangenhagen GmbH
Pre Planning:
Schulhoff Ingenieur Planungs
GmbH (SIP)
Office building
SONY-C B, P P
D:
1996 Debis (Daimler Chrysler) and Sony started to
build office and residential buildings on the area
around the Potsdamer Platz. The Sony Center as
central building offers a plaza covered by a huge
tent formed roof with restaurants, cinemas, a film
museum and offices as well as the Kaisersaal. The
Sony Center was built strictly modern as construction of steel and glass according to the plans of the
world famous architect Jahn.
H:
160 GRUNDFOS UPS 25-40 180 wet-runner pumps
10 GRUNDFOS UPS 40-30F wet-runner pumps
10 GRUNDFOS UPED 50-60F wet-runner pumps
11 GRUNDFOS UPED 80-120F wet-runner pumps
Several GRUNDFOS UPSD wet-runner pumps
A-:
6 GRUNDFOS CDM 200-240 A-F-A-BBUE 400D 16B
In-Line pumps
In-Line pumps
4 GRUNDFOS TPED 80-120 A-F-A BUBE IP 55 In-Line
pumps
In-Line pumps
10 GRUNDFOS TPED 100-120 A-F-A BUBE 400V
In-Line pumps
3 GRUNDFOS TPED 80-120 A-F-A BUBE IP 55 In-Line
pumps
2 GRUNDFOS LPED 80-125/117 A-F-A BUBE IP55
In-Line pumps
2 GRUNDFOS LMDE 100-200/210 A-F-A BUBE IP
55 In-Line pumps
Investor:
Imtech Deutschland GmbH
(vorher R.O.M. Berlin GmbH)
Consulting Engineer:
IGH Hpfner GmbH Berlin
213
FLOW THINKING
Terminal
O T, L D,
E
D:
It is a riverside retail and leisure development in
Leith Docks in Edinburgh which has been designed
to look like an ocean liner
H :
LTHW Roof Top Primary
LTHW Food Court Secondary
Condenser Water
Run Around Coils
OHWS Bronze
Booster Systems + Pressurisation Units
3 GRUNDFOS TPED In-Line pumps
4 GRUNDFOS LME In-Line pumps
2 GRUNDFOS LPE In-Line pumps
2 GRUNDFOS UPS 15 wet-runner pumps
2 GRUNDFOS UP 25 wet-runner pumps
1 GRUNDFOS LPDE Duo Compact CR 4/20 In-Line
pumps Condenser Water
1 GRUNDFOS UPSD wet-runner pumps
2 GRUNDFOS TPE 65 In-Line pumps
Corona Design, Edinburgh
Contractor:
Rotary (Scotland) Ltd, Bathgate
Installer:
Rotary (Scotland) Ltd, Bathgate
214
Airport
S A E S 3 L
D:
This Project involved a full package of energy efficient speed controlled pumps, pressurisation systems and booster systems. Large 200 kw long coupled GRUNDFOS NK End-suction pumps were used
to provide additional heating and airconditioning
requirements to the extended terminal replacing
existing Baric Belt Drive Pumps. The GRUNDFOS NK
End-suction pumps were driven by remote Danfoss
wall mounted inverters providing quiet running
operation. Sat 3 involved a number of close coupled
GRUNDFOS NB End-suction pumps with remote
Danfoss wall mounted inverters providing heating
and airconditioning requirements to the Satelite
3 Link terminal. GRUNDFOS monopress pressurisation systems were utilised for the chilled water
and heating systems and a GRUNDFOS CRE booster
system for the cold water supply.
Grundfos were able to fulfil the clients requirements with an energy efficient solution.
Grundfos were asked to provide an energy efficient
pumping solution for the increased heating and airconditioning requirements of the extended terminal
and satelite link to this airport.
H:
GRUNDFOS NK End-suction pumps
A-:
GRUNDFOS NB End-suction pumps
P :
GRUNDFOS CRE centrifugal pumps
WSP
Contractor:
Crown House Engineering
215
FLOW THINKING
Hospital
W G H,
W, L, S
D:
New multi-million pound hospital using Speed controlled-pumps for energy saving and variable speed
for better system control.
Building size 22000 m2.
H:
Boiler feed unit - inverters
Chilled water units GRUNDFOS NK End-suction
pump.
GRUNDFOS UPE wet-runner pumps
GRUNDFOS LME In-Line pumps
GRUNDFOS LPE In-Line pumps
GRUNDFOS TPE In-Line pumps
P :
Cold water speed controlled booster systems
Pressurisation Units
Pumptypes:
GRUNDFOS CRE centrifugal pump - tricompact
GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 booster systems - Duocab
Hulley & Kirkwood, Glasgow
Contractor:
Sir Robert McAlpine, Glasgow
Installer:
Haden Young Ltd
216
Airport
C A, D
D:
Grundfos has supplied drainage- and wastewater
pumps in the newly builed station terminal in
Copenhagen airport.
It has been a pump assigment for Grundfos to let
people walk dryshoed in the submersible parts of
the building complex the trainstation, the luggage
handling and the parking cellars.
In addition we have also solved the problem of
pumping away wastewater.
D:
24 drainage pumps from the Grundfos series of
stainless steel wastewater pumps are placed in the
pumping pits below the construction site.
The pump types are:
GRUNDFOS AP12 pump for drainage and
GRUNDFOS AP35 pump with Vortex impeller.
The latter are used in the pumping pits that have
inlet of effluent, e.g. from floor drains, sinks etc.
S:
10 larger sewage pumps from the series of
GRUNDFOS AP100 cast iron pumps have been delivered for pumping away sewage. These pumps have
a free passage for particles up to 100 mm.
S:
All pumps have been installed with complete piping
from Grundfos wastewater installers. They have
specially equipped service cars and are based in our
service centres and wastewater work shops.
Investor:
Copenhagen Airport A/S
Hjgaard & Schultz A/S
217
FLOW THINKING
Pumping stations
T O C,
D
D:
The establishment of the new infrastructure in the
Oerestad, close to Copenhagen, is almost in place.
It concerns roads, railways, sewers, drainage canals
etc.
Grundfos has established 3 larger pumping stations
in this area.
Two stations for pumping away sewage and one for
pumping away rainwater.
S:
The pumping stations for pumping sewage are
installed as a 2 floor basement.
One pumping station with two dry-installed 13 kW
GRUNDFOS SE sewage pumps taking the sewage
from a separate inlet sump operating with a head
of 15 m delivering a flow of 75 ltr./sec. pr. pump.
A submersible sewage pump with a 2,4 kW motor
is installed on auto-coupling system and ejector
system to prevent settlement of untreated sewage
D:
The other is a traditional pumping station delivered
and installed by Grundfos with two submersible,
high pressure pumps with 6,5 kW motors with
cutter system.
In the other pumping station Grundfos has delivered
and installed 2 pcs. of dry installed drainage pumps
with 25 kW motors for the rain station, each with a
performance of app. 100 ltr./sec.
1 dry-installed Grundfos pump with a 1,3 kW motor
is installed for the daily operation in dry weather.
Besides delivering and installing the pumps Grundfos
has also been responsible for the plumbing and
ventilation of the pumping stations.
218
Investor:
The Oerestad Consortium
RAMBLL A/S
Office building
C S A
D:
Cisco Campus. Headoffice for Europe. Marketleader
for Internet supplies. Pumps foor cooling, heating
and pressure boosting.
Building size 90.000 m2.
H:
51 Pumps: GRUNDFOS UPE wet-runner pumps
GRUNDFOS CLM In-Line pumps
GRUNDFOS TPE In-Line pumps
GRUNDFOS LME In-Line pumps
A-: :
GRUNDFOS CLM 200-240 In-Line pumps with
Delta Control 2000
GRUNDFOS CLM 150-242 In-Line pumps
P :
2 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 MS 3CR4-50-1 Booster
systems
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 MS 3CR*-40 1 12
Booster system
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 MS 2CR4-30 1 Booster
system
DWA, Bodegraven
Contractor:
J.P. van Eesteren, Amsterdam
Installer:
Van Galen, Rotterdam
Unica Amsterdam (boosters)
219
FLOW THINKING
Office building
C T
D:
Crystal tower, situated in the existing business
district Amsterdam Teleport, 95 meter high office
building. The design is remarkable due to the combination of brick, glass and aluminium. Developed
in line with modern office concepts; many variable
working places and team conference rooms.
Building size: 24.000 m2.
H -:
2 GRUNDFOS LM 80-200/187 In-Line pumps
2 UPE 50-120 with PMU 2000 wet-runner pumps
5 GRUNDFOS TPE 80-180 In-Line pumps with PMU
2000
Several GRUNDFOS LM In-Line pumps and
GRUNDFOS UPE wet-runner pumps.
P :
GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 ME 2CRE3-10- 1
booster systems
GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 ME 2CRE3-15-1
booster systems
GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 3CRE19-1 (16 bar)
booster systems
F :
1 Fire protection unit with 1500 l tank GBI
2 GRUNDFOS CR 45-7-2 centrifugal pumps
1 GRUNDFOS CR 2-180 centrifugal pump
W :
1 GRUNDFOS AP 12.50.11A3 wastewater pump
1 GRUNDFOS AP 12.40.04A3 wastewater pump
Technisch Adviesburo Becks BV,
Vught
Contractor:
BAM Noord-West
Owner:
Amstelland Ontwikkeling
Vastgoed BV, Nieuwegein
220
Theater
L T R
D:
Modern theater with 1500 seats, situated at the
bridge over the river Maas. Higt-tech facilities such
as movable panels for adapting acoustic reverb up
to 2 seconds.
Building size: 16.325 m2.
H:
17 GRUNDFOS UPS wet-runner pumps
2 GRUNDFOS UPS wet-runner pumps
A-:
2 GRUNDFOS CLM In-Line pumps
1 GRUNDFOS TP In-Line pump
1 GRUNDFOS control 2000 ME3, 2,2 E PFU/PMU
P :
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 MS 4CR8-30 1 12
booster system
Tebodin Den Haag
Contractor:
IBC Utiliteit
Installer:
Lingestreek
221
FLOW THINKING
Office building
T W H R
D:
Millennium tower, Build in the center of Rotterdam,
near the Central Staion. 131 Meter High with luxurious offices and five star Westin Hotel. 231 Rooms
Building size 13.005 m2.
H -:
All pumps for heating/cooling
F :
1 GRUNDFOS GBI 2CR45-8-2 30kW
P :
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000MS/C 4CR8-80 booster
system
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000MS/C 3CR8-140 booster
system
Deerns Raadgevende
Ingenieurs BV, Rijswijk
Contractor:
Bouwcombinatie Bam bouw/
Bam techniek
222
Stadium
C P GAA H
D:
This development is a 80,000 seat stadium with
corporate and hospitality facilities.
During a game there is a huge demand for water
The uses are catering, toilet facilities and team
facilities.
The water for the stands are provided from the
ground floor plant rooms by means of GRUNDFOS
Hydro 2000 Booster sets. The services are divided
into circuits. The circuits are, the individual stands
subdivided into levels. The object of the installation
is to provide a secure stable water supply for the
toilet, washing and catering facilities.
P :
4 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 ME 2 CRE 16-60 PMU
booster systems
2 GRUNDFOS 4 CRE 16-80 PMU centrifugal pumps
booster systems
booster systems
J.V. TIERNEY & CO
Contractor:
JOHN SISK & CO
Installer:
T BOURKE & CO
223
FLOW THINKING
Tunnel
CIAB S, M B
D:
This project is famous in Italy. The Company, owner
of the tunnel, is able to grant an high standard of
safety to the car drivers that cross the tunnel.
The project has been realized after the big fire that
destroyed a big part of the tunnel of Mont Blanc.
In this plant Grundfos delivered 5 fire protection
systems and 3 Booster systems.
The tunnel is km 12 long
F :
2 GRUNDFOS Fire protection systems
HUNI 3 + 1 CR 64-5 /16-100
1 GRUNDFOS Fire protection system
HUNI 3 + 1 CV 70-60 / 16-160
2 GRUNDFOS Fire protection system
HUNI 3 + 1 CR 64-4-2/16-80
P :
2 GRUNDFOS Hydro 1000 2 CR 16-30
booster systems
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 1000 2 CR 45-4
booster system
Contractor:
GEIE del Traforo del Monte Bianco
Installer:
CIAB Srl
224
Hotel
H R T
D:
The hotel was built in 1999. It covers 22,000 m2;
it has 152 rooms in three storeys and an extensive
conference area. It has also two tennis courts and
two swimming pools. There are five pump rooms
for all applications. Fifty six (56) Grundfos pumps
are used for heating, air conditioning, pressure
boosting, water supply, wastewater and sewage.
H A-:
2 GRUNDFOS CLM 100-180 In-Line pumps
4 GRUNDFOS CLM 200-306 In-Line pumps
4 GRUNDFOS LM 65-200, In-Line pumps
3 GRUNDFOS LP 100-160 In-Line pumps
1 GRUNDFOS LP 80-160 In-Line pump
3 GRUNDFOS NK 100-315 End-suction pumps
2 GRUNDFOS LMB 40/4-241 In-Line pumps
1 GRUNDFOS UPE 32-120 wet-runner pump
P :
2 GRUNDFOS Hydro 1000 booster systems
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 booster system
W:
1 GRUNDFOS APG 50.92.3 wastewater pump
1 GRUNDFOS APG 50.31.3 wastewater pump
Contractor:
Elliniki Technodomiki S.A.
Installer:
Elliniki Technodomiki S.A.
225
FLOW THINKING
Shopping Mall
T A C M,
M (S)
D:
Grundfos has supplied all wastewater pumps and
water supply boosting systrems needed for the
newly built commercial shopping mall called Tres
Aguas in Madrid.
Grundfos has supplied all the water and wastewater pumping needs for the all the shops included in
this commercial development.
S:
8 pumps were supplied as part of a complete system of 4 sewage pumping stations, includ. autocoup-ling systems, valves, level switches, control
panels, access lids and lifting chains. The pump
types are:
2 GRUNDFOS 17 kW sewage pumps with 100 mm
free passage (130 l./sec.at 8 meters.)
P :
2 GRUNDFOS Series Hydro 2000 MF (4) CR16-60
booster systems.
S:
All pumps have been supplied with all the required
accesories needed for complete installation excluding piping. Wastewater pumps & accesories were
installed by a local Grundfos specialty contractor.
Hydro systems were supplied as ready to use booter
sets, only to be connected to external piping. Startup services were provided for asure proper installation & functioning.
226
Investor:
LendLease Espaa, S.A.
Robert & Partners, Ltd.
The Danish Railroads
G, D
D:
Grundfos has delivered a multilift sewage station
to the Danish Railroads.
The purpose of the multilift station here is to collect
and transfer all the stations sewage.
The multilift station is a gas and air-teight sewage
system.
S:
The Multilift station for collection and transfer of
sewage consists of:
2 GRUNDFOS tanks with a capacity of 400 l each.
2 GRUNDFOS sewage pumps with 4kW motors,
handling sewage with a free passage of 100 mm.
P B:
2 GRUNDFOS Series Hydro 2000 MF (4) CR16-60
booster systems.
S:
The complete installation including tanks, pumps,
valves, controller and pressure pipe system was
handled by Grundfos service people.
Investor:
The Danish Railroads
227
FLOW THINKING
SNIEC
S N I
E C, C
D:
Shanghai New International exhibition center is the
biggest one in the Asia-Pacific region. Many high
level international exhibitions will be held here
every year.
Grundfos has supplied all pumps to service this
building, including water supply system, Air-con
system, fire-fighting system and wastewater system.
P :
5 sets of Grundfos Hydro 2000 frequency converter
constant pressure boosting system supply all the
water for this building and ensure constant pressure no matter how much water consumed at any
time and any where.
-:
35 units of GRUNDFOS LP/LM In-Line pumps
81 units of GRUNDFOS UPS wet-runner pumps
ensure your spring feeling at any corner inside the
building.
F :
64 units of Grundfos multistage CR centrifugal
pumps will give powerful enough water in case
of fire.
W:
10 units of Grundfos submersible drainage and
sewage pumps will drain all the wastewater from
this building to protect against overflooding and
transfer the sewage away from this building.
S:
Experienced service engineer and specially equipped
service cars are ready for service 24 hours.
228
Investor:
Shanghai Pudong Land Development (Holding) Corporation
and the world leading Fairs of
Hannover, Dsseldorf and
Mnchen, Germany
Murphy/Jahn Inc. Architects, USA
New City
P - M N
A C
D:
Grundfos has supplied many submersible drainage
and waste water pumps to the newly developed city
of Putrajaya. Putrajaya is located on a 200 hectare
area, about 20 kilometers from the heart of Kuala
Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia.
This city was designed to locate all Government
Agencies in a single area. This would include
the Prime Minister Office and all Governmental
Departments, Official Residences, New Palace for
the King, and housing for all support staff complete
with all infrastructures like schools, hospital, Light
Rail Transit system, highways and recreation areas
for estimated population of more than one million
people.
S:
Grundfos have supplied in excess of 40 units explosion proof sewage pumps installed in 7 pumping
stations within the City consisting of units from 2.2
kW to 160 kW GRUNDFOS SE pumps.
Another unique feature in one of these pumping
station is where 4 sets of 130 kW GRUNDFOS SE
pumps, each with 2 units operating in series for
a combine total head of 60 meters and a flow of
370 l/s.
S:
Grundfos has also supplied many various models
of submersible pumps for drainage duties, ranging
from small stainless steel pumps for sump pits in
buildings to large cast iron pumps for underground
light rail transit system stations, Utility tunnels and
for storm water drainage.
Some examples of installation are as follows:
Utility Tunnel
12 units 7 kW
and 7 units 4.2 kW pumps
Station Drainage 4 units 26 kW
and 2 units 17 kW pumps.
Storm Water
5 units 130 kW
and 2 units 130 kW pumps
Investor:
Putrajaya Holding Bhd
KLCC (project manager for
the Petronas Twin Towers project)
229
FLOW THINKING
Shopping Center
K, S
D:
Kungsmssan is a shopping center placed 1 mile
South of Gteborg, Sweden.
Grundfos has supplied pumps to service this
shopping center, including Air-con system, Heating
system, Ventilation system and wastewater system.
The shopping center has 4 million visitors per year,
is 26000 kvm large (297.760 sq.ft.) and consists of
1600 parking lots, 85 shops and restaurants, 100
toilets, 90 wash bassins and 80 sink units.
A-:
GRUNDFOS CLM and GRUNDFOS CDM In-Line pumps
delivers cooling for the cold storage rooms at the
Shopping Center.
H:
2 GRUNDFOS UPE wet-runner pumps
1 GRUNDFOS UPED wet-runner pump delivers
heating for the Shopping Center
V:
6 GRUNDFOS UPS wet-runner pump
1 GRUNDFOS TP In-Line pump delivers ventilation
for the Shopping Center.
W:
4 Grundfos submersible drainage and sewage
pumps will drain all the wastewater from the shopping center.
230
Investor:
Arans KB & The Business
Association
Heating
H N C
D:
The network of heat serves through 2 network
ground pipes a whole district: 4500 residences, 6
school complexes, 1 college, 1 university, 1 shopping
centre, 1 swimming pool and 1 sports hall.
The cogeneration (6 MW electric) which feeds this
network allows the production of electricity as well
as the recuperation of heat. It is completed by a
boiler for wood (4MW) and a boiler gas-fuel (30
MW).
This urban boiler room multi energy received in
March 2001 the standard ISO 14001, certification of
management of the environment.
Network of heat of 13.5 km length and feeding 55
stations.
H:
Cogeneration:
2 GRUNDFOS NK 125 End-suction pumps
Boiler for wood:
1 GRUNDFOS CDM 200 In-Line pump
Boiler room gas-fuel:
2 GRUNDFOS CLM 150 In-Line pumps
1 GRUNDFOS CLM 200 In-Line pump
Network:
4 GRUNDFOS NK 80-250 End-suction pumps
1 GRUNDFOS NK 80 250 End-suction pump
(standby pump) with PMU et PFU
Investor:
Calais Energie
Contractor:
Cabinet Caudron-Dumont,
Berim, Dalkia
Installer:
CRYSTAL
231
FLOW THINKING
School
E N
S L
D:
LEcole Nationale Superieure de Lyon (ENS) trains
teachers, academics and executives high level for
the organizations of research, the administrations...
Based on a site of 8 hectares, the school is a scientific pole recognized at the regional, national and
international level. The site gathers in addition to
the school, a library, a restaurant and residences.
Building size: 32700 m2
A:
Heating, ventilation and cooling of the school, the
library, the restaurant and residences.
Distribution of hot water and frozen water integrating the variable flow.
Production of cold: by group with screw and atmospheric condenser of a total power of 2060 kw
Production of heat: total power 6300 kw
P:
Librairy:
3 GRUNDFOS LM 80 In-Line pumps
1 GRUNDFOS LPDE 65 In-Line pump
School:
2 GRUNDFOS LPE 100 In-Line pumps
1 GRUNDFOS LMDE 100 In-Line pump
GRUNDFOS UPE wet-runner pumps
GRUNDFOS large UPS wet-runner pumps
Restaurant:
1 GRUNDFOS LPDE 65 In-Line pump
1 GRUNDFOS UPED 40 wet-runner pump
1 GRUNDFOS UPSD 50 wet-runner pump
Residence:
1 GRUNDFOS UPED 80 wet-runner pump
4 GRUNDFOS UPS(D) 40 wet-runner pumps
232
OTH Building , Paris
Installers :
Cofathec Services et Danto Rogeat
for the school
Laurent Bouillet for library and restaurant
Ets Jacques for residences
Customer:
Le Grand Lyon
(Town of Lyon) + State
Hotel
R S
The Hotel Savoy is the most recent and luxury Hotel in

Madeira island. It is owned and operated by the Madeirabased Savoy Group of Hotels. It is recognized with the
highest quality standards of quality and service.
The Royal Savoy resort offers 162 luxurious and spacious studios, one or two bedroom suites and spectacular penthouses suites - each with own dinning rooms,
kitchenettes and balconies, all elegantly furnished in
the utmost quality and comfort creating a unique
atmosphere. The stunning complex is architecturally
designed to let us enjoy the beautiful breathtaking
views of the Atlantic Ocean.
P :
1 GRUNDFOS Hydro 2000 MEH 4CR32-5/2 (11kW)
+ 2CRE16-60 (5.5kW) with 300 L tank/10 Bar
booster system
F F:
1 Fire Fighting booster according with NFPA (4)
NJC 1-65250 (45kW) + CR4-160/14 (3kW)
D W:
2 GRUNDFOS AP 12.40.08.3, 0.8 kW wastewater
pumps
6 GRUNDFOS AP 80.80.190 VF, 19kW wastewater
pumps
W G:
1 GRUNDFOS TPE 100-120, 2.2 kW In-Line pump
1 GRUNDFOS TPE 80-120, 1.5 kW In-Line pump
1 GRUNDFOS LME 80-160/162, 1.5kW In-Line pump
S :
2 GRUNDFOS SV044CHP-1 R, 4.2 kW
A :
1 GRUNDFOS LP 100-125/121 (4.0kW) In-Line pump
1 GRUNDFOS CLM 125 (4kW) In-Line pump
1 GRUNDFOS LMD 100-200/187 (2.2kW) In-Line
pump
1 GRUNDFOS LPD 80-125/124 (3kW) In-Line pump
1 GRUNDFOS LPD 100-160/136 (5.5kW) In-Line pump
Contractor
Soc. Constr. Abrantina
Installer
Imapo (water supply and wastewater)
Climade (HVAC)
Consulting Eng. Company
Cenor (water supply and waste water)
Engenheiros Associados (HVAC)
233

Systems Guide

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Being responsible is our foundation

Thinking ahead makes it possible

GRUNDFOS FLOW THINKING

Grundfos System Guide Commercial Building Services

Grundfos System Guide

The Flow THINKING is a concept especially developed for our partners in

Non return valve

2 way motor valve

3 way motor valve

TPE Series 1000

NBE/NKE Series 1000

UPS Series 100

UPE Series 2000

TPE Series 2000

UPS Series 200

TPE Series 1000

TPE Series 2000

UPS Series 100

UPE Series 2000

UPS Series 200

NBE/NKE Series 1000

UPE Series 2000

Contact unit for

Heating Product Range

TPE Series 2000

UPS Series 100

Wide product range

Only one supplier

Wide system range

Easy access to speed regulator

Clear user interface

Integrated frequency converter

No need for motor protection

Low installation cost

Very low noise level

High quality material

Low operation cost

UPS Series 100

UPS Series 200

UPE Series 2000

TPE Series 2000

TPE Series 1000

NBE/NKE Series 1000

UPE Series 2000

TPE Series 2000

TPE Series 1000, NBE/NKE Series 1000

NK + External freq. converter

TP + External freq. converter

It is important to check the efficiency at the duty

Duty point with a high number

TPE Series 1000

NK + External freq. converter

TP + External freq. converter

Often the pumps have high flow and low head,

Placing of temperature sensor

UPE Series 2000

TPE Series 2000

When using a two-way valve, the pressure lost in

Mixing loop with 2 way valve

Using UPE and TPE Series 2000 there is no need for

Mixing loop with 2 way valve

UPE Series 2000

TPE Series 1000