DA NANG UNION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SECTION

_____________________________________

PILOT AND FEASIBILITY PROJECT

WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM FROM MUCK OF BREEDING FARM
OF 300 PIGS, THE PRODUCTION IN LINE WITH THE CLEAN DEVELOPMENT
MECHANISM ( CDM) TO GENERATE ELECTRIC POWER
I- Bases:
To build Da Nang City as the environmental city aim to achieve results as
desire, there are many problems need to be solved. The problem that we are paying
attention is a situation of pig breeding in communes of Hoa Vang District, if the
breeding organization is not gathered to treat the waste, will be influenced seriously to
the rural environment. Practically, in Hoa Tien Commune, now pig breeding is gatherd
about in the zone about 2,500 pigs, if we apply synchronously technical solutions of
CDM (Clean Development Mechanism), we will collect methane gas (CH 4) to generate
electricity using for cooking, aquaculture and planting clean vegetables
In situation of power shortage and environment pollution from breeding in rural
areas . Applying CDM is very necessary and essential for both economy and
environment and to realize the state policy of agricultural and rural modernization.
II- Technology process:
Waste from pig breeding farm
Organic
fertilizer

Plant clean
vegetables

Biogas pond covered by HDPE

Biogas

Electric
power

Biological ponds

Outlet according to TCVN 5945-05

Aquaculture

III- HDPE (High Density Polyethylene Envelope):

1- General character:
- Low endomose and exosmosis coefficient.
- Pulled intensity at 80N/mm.
- Slackening length >700%.
- Perforate to 830N equivalent to 80kg.
- Anti- aging capacity is very good, durability from 20 to 50 years depending on
thicknesss of HDPE envelope, thickness of 1,5mm is recommended, with its
durability >20 years.
2- Benefits:
- No chemical erosion.
- High durability especially with sunshine radiation.
- High thermal absorb from sunshine to increase temparature for fermentation in
biogas containers. So, biogas collection is higher than brick and composit ponds.
- Keeping good tightness at high pressure so as to contain a lot of the biogas. The
intermediary containing system is unnecessary.
- To save filling area.
- To dismount and move easily, so handy for cleaning pond.
- Quick installment.
3- Usages:
- To line at the botton and at the top of garbage dump.
- To line at the botton and roof of ponds for aquaculture.
- To cover waste water treatment ponds.
- Biogas ponds.
- Water-proof
- To line at the botton of oil tanks.
IV- Specifications of system:
1- Herd of about 300 pigs for the pilot system.
2- Average weight: 60kg/one pig;
3- Amount of raw muck in 24 hours is about: 6% average weight per one pig;
4- Dry substance remaining in muck is about: 25%, equivalent to 4% of waste
mixture before entering anaerobic pond;
5- COD inlet of biogas pond: 20.000mg/l, COD oulet of biogas pond: 1000mg/l;
3
6- Liquidating 1 kg COD will collect 250grs or 0,35m CH4;
7- Volume of CH4 contains 65% of the biogas volume;
V- Calculating the quantity of the biogas and choosing electric generators:
1- To choose electric generators:
- Volume CH4 formed per day:VCH4 = 0,35 x (COD in COD out) = Q (m3);
- Waste water flows into the anaerobic pond: Q
- Dry substances per one pig average weight 60kg: 60 x 0,06x0,25 = 0,9kg,
With total 300 pigs will collect: 0,9 x 300 = 270kg.
2

- Waste water volume flows into the pond per day: Q = 270/0,04 = 6,75m3
- CH4 volume formed per day: VCH4 = 0,35 x (20-1) x 6,75 = 44,88m3
- Biogas volume: V = 44,88/0,65 = 69m3
- Capacity of electric generator: N = (69/24) 0,8 = 3,6 KVA or 2,875KW
2- Process of using biogas:
Biogas

Cooking

Centrifugal
Filter

Living
H2S Filter

Drying
Agricultural
Food

Electric
Generation

Production

VI-Volume of biogas pond:

1- Storing time of biogas pond: T = 30days
2- Volume of anaerobic pond: Calculated for pigs at weight of 100 kg before sale.
V = 100 x 0,06 x 0,25 x 300 x 30 x 1,2/0,04 = 400m3
VI-Design of the biogas pond covered by HDPE (Anaerobic) and biological ponds
(Aerobic):
1- Biogas pond: V1= 7,8 x 10,5x5 = 400m3; F1= 7,8 x 10,5 = 82m2

HT B? O V?
MNG PH? HDPE

+ 0.00

? NG D? N NU? C
RA HT THOT
B1
B

B? PHN H? Y

B? I? U P

H? GOM TCH CT V
TCH RC ? U VO

MNG LT HDPE
B1

H? TH? NG AN TON CHO

MNG V PH VN B? M? T

A1
A

GA I S? D? NG

HT B? O V?

NGU? N PHN
CH? T TH? I VO
? NG D? N NU? C
RA HT THOT

MNG PH? HDPE

H? GOM TCH CT V
TCH RC ? U VO

B? I? U P

MNG LT HDPE
A1
A

2- Biological ponds:
- V2 = 4,5 x 10 x 4 = 180m3; F2 = 45m2
- V3 = V4 = 4 x 7 x 3 = 84m3; F3 = F4 = 4 x 7= 28m2
- V5 = V6 = 4 x 7 x 2 = 56m3; F5 = F6 = 4 x 7 = 28m2
Total volume of these ponds are 860m3, total area of these ponds are 230m2 (in
which, the border of the pond occupied by 20%)
7.8 x 10.5

4x7

4 x7

4x7
2m

2m

3m

4x7

3m

4m

5m

4.5 x 10

VII- Parameter results after treatment of waste water:

Parameter

Unit

PH

Content
6,6 - 7,2

Total suspended solid

Mg/l

< 100

Dissolved solid

Mg/l

< 1000

BOD5(20oC)

Mg/l

< 50
4

COD
Mg/l
< 100
VII- DEMONSTRATION:
A complete process of pilot application for 300 pigs (60kg/one pig).
- Biogas pond: waste water flows slowly into biogas pond with a long storing time
to increase anaerobic disintegrating capability that helps waste treated better.
- Biological ponds: Consisting of many ponds to make airy in long time in which,
BOD and TSS (Total Suspended Solids) are removed due to natural air. Waste
water after treated gains standard B and poured into aquacultural ponds.
- Biogas Used to dry the agricultural products such as: drying the seed rice.
- To cook breeding food.
- To dry handicraft production, to service trade villages in a locality.
- Industrialize the sector of breeding in way to build a breeding farm installed
cooling and ventilating system aim to raising weight of pigs and to treat
environmental pollution.
- To plant clean vegetables to supply for the Da Nang City.
- To breed aquaculture.
- To serve daily living.
VIII- Cost estimation of the system:
Units: 1,000 VND
No

Name of
Equipment
Concrete
ponds of
collection

Technical
Specification

Unit

Quantity

V = 2m3

Unit

M2

594

VND*

Amount

Price Unit
3.000

6.000

110

64.900

and device of
flood and
storm
prevention
2

HDPE
envelope

Thickness

Electric
generator and
switch system

N = 32HP

Unit

50.000

100.000

Biogas filter
system

V = 24m3/h

Unit

25.000

50.000

To dig soil and

to bank dikes

V = 860m3

Unit

20

17.000

= 1,5mm

Test outlet
parameters

Parameters

Trial operation, 30 Days

training and
transfer

Times

3.000

9.000

Day

30

200

6.000

Total

253.000
(In words: Two hundred and fifty three million VND)

IX- Environmental effectiveness:

- To treat polluted poisonous gases such as NOx;COx;H2S and pathogenic bacteria.
- To reduce surface pollution of water resource to 100%, if there is aerobic treatment
systems connected with biogas pond, quality of waste water will gains TCVN
standard 5945-05
- To treat pollution of underground water resource.
- To reduce the greenhouse effect (it makes earths temperature hotter), because of
forming of 1kg CH4 equals to 21kg CO2 about greenhouse effect, but when burning
1kg CH4 will give 2,76kgCO2, it means that there will be reduced 7,6 times about
greenhouse effect ( 21/2,76 = 7,6 times).
- Commercial characteristic about emission reduction over the world, especially in
developed countries about CO2 emission reduction into the atmosphere. Average
price of 2-10USD per ton/year is sold. (from 2-10USD, We choose an average of
5USD)
Total gaining money from this program in a year are:
+ Average working days of system per year: 300 days.
+ One USD equivalent of 21.000VND.
+ Average Price of one KWh is 1.300VND.
+ Specific weight of CH4 is 0,71kg/m3
X- Economic effectivity and capital recovery:
- With power N = 2,875 KWs will generate electricity in 24 hours for living
activities of 10 householders. Before in the program sponsored by Australia about
installing solar energy system that generates electricity in Hoa Ninh Commune
also to serve 50 householders at the cost of 250.000USD equivalent of
5.250.000.000VND, according to calculation, but this solar energy techonology is
more expensive than this system.
- When electricity grid is cut down, this system will supply power continuously for
living of a commune.
- To create a sustainable and effective economic pilot, environment protection.
- A result of this system is a cooperation of 3 subjects: The State; the scientist and
the farmer. T2 = 1.300 x 300 x 69 = 27.000.000VND/year.
6

- Total income: T1+T2= 7.600.000 + 27.000.000 = 34.600.000VND /year.

- Capital collection time of project: 253.000.000/34.600.000 = 7 years.