CITATION OF

SECONDARY SOURCES:
COMMENTARIES,
ANNOTATIONS
AND OTHERS
Partial Requirement on Legal Research
For The 1st Semester, School Year 2013-2014

Submitted by:
JD 1-2
Group 4
Allayban, Ma. Emiliana
Caguete, Alyssa Marie
Capistrano, Jayson
Gaspi, Mary Joyce

Submitted to:
Atty. Benjamin Samson

INTRODUCTION:
What is an annotation?
An annotation, in legal terms, is a note, summary, or commentary on some section of a book or a statute
that is intended to explain or illustrate its meaning.
An annotation serves as a brief summary of the law and the facts of a case and demonstrates how a
particular law enacted by Congress or a state legislature is interpreted and applied. Annotations usually
follow the text of the statute they interpret in annotated statutes.

How to cite the following?

1. Books and Treatise

{AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited page} ({year} or {edition number} {year} or {year of edition}).
a. General Rule

EXAMPLES:
RUBEN F. BALANE, JOTTINGS IN CIVIL LAW: SUCCESSION 53 (2d ed. 2002).
JOAQUIN G. BERNAS, S.J., THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES: A COMMENTARY 1195 (2003 ed.).
SAMUEL WILLISTON, A TREATISE ON THE LAW OF CONTRACTS, ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
TREATISE 120-21 (1990).

b. Multi-volume work

{volume number} {AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited page} ({year} or {edition number} {year} or
{year of edition}).

EXAMPLE:
4 OSCAR B. HERRERA, REMEDIAL LAW 150 (2001 ed.).

c. With Editor or Translator

{AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited page} ({Editor or translator} {ed(s.) or trans.}, {year}).

EXAMPLES:
ADAMS SMITH, THE WEALTH OF THE NATIONS 30-41 (Edwin Cananan ed., 2000).
WOMEN AND LANGUAGE IN LITERATURE AND SOCIETY 284-99 (Ruth Broker, et al.,eds.,
1980).

d. Two Authors

{AUTHOR 1} & {AUTHOR 2}, {TITLE} {cited page} ({year} or {edition number} {year} or
{year of edition}).

EXAMPLE:
JUSTICE JOSE VITUG & JUDGE ERNESTO D. ACOSTA, TAX LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE
150 (2d ed. 2000).

e. More Than Two Authors

{AUTHOR 1} ET AL., {TITLE} {cited page} ({year} or {edition number} {year} or {year of
edition}).

EXAMPLE:
JOSUE N. BELLOSILLO, ET AL., OMNIBUS ELECTION CODE 181 (2007).

f.

Short Citation and Subsequent Citations:

EXAMPLE:

2. Annotations

{AUTHOR}, Annotation, {TITLE

TITLE} {volume number} {Reporter} {first page}, {cited page}
({year}).

EXAMPLE:

3. Journal Articles

{AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {volume

volume number
number} {JOURNAL} {first page}, {cited page} ({year}).

EXAMPLE:

Note: For short citations and subsequent citations:

4. Periodicals
a. Magazine

{AUTHOR}, {TITLE}} {NAME OF MAGAZINE

MAGAZINE}, {date}, at {first page of the article}.
article}

EXAMPLE:

b. Newspaper Article

{Author}, {Headline},
}, {ABBREVIATION OF NEWSPAPER
NEWSPAPER},, {date of article},
article at {first
page of the article}.

EXAMPLE:

5. Internet Sources

{Author if available}, {Title},

Title}, available at {Internet address or website}, (last accessed
{date}).

EXAMPLE:

6. Interviews

7. Theses

SOURCES:
Footnoting and Legal Citation: Following the Blue Book Uniform System
Philippine Law Journal Manual of Citation and Style