FINAL REPORT

INORGANIC LABWORK
SYNTHESIS cis-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] AND trans-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]

BY

Name

: Zulvana Anggraeni Harvian

Number of student

: 12/327756/PA/14373

Day,Dates

: Tuesday, 9 March 2015

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA
YOGYAKARTA
2015

RATIFICATION PAGE

LABWORK REPORT

SYNTHESIS cis-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] AND trans-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]

Has been prepared and compiled by

Zulvana A. Harvian
12/327756/PA/14373

Has been collected and checked by Assistant

on May 19th 2015

Assistant

Practicant

Benny Wahyudianto

Zulvana A. Harvian

SYNTHESIS cis-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] AND trans-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]

ZULVANA ANGGRAENI HARVIAN
12/327756/PA/14373
ABSTRACT
This experiments aimed To study the manufacture and properties of cis and trans
isomers of the complex salt K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]
K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] complex ion prepared by reacting oxalic acid with a
colorless crystalline solid orange crystalline potassium dichromate. Differences in
the nature of cis and trans isomers K [Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] is the reaction with
aqueous ammonia. Trans isomer is not soluble in aqueous ammonia and produce
light brown precipitate. Whereas the cis isomer is soluble in aqueous ammonia to
produce a dark green solution which spread rapidly on filter paper. The yield that
obtained as long as the same structure were 70.17% and 66.88%.

Keyword: K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]ion complex

SYNTHESIS cis-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] AND trans-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2]

I.

THE AIMS OF EXPERIMENTAL SESSION

To study the manufacture and properties of cis and trans isomers of the
complex salt potassium dioxalatodiaquochromate (III)

II.

THEORITICAL BACKGROUND
Based on the type of geometric isomer compound or complex ions

can be divided into types of cis and trans. To the complex there are two
types of octahedral complexes have cis and trans forms, namely
MA4B2 and MA3B3. M is an atom or ion center while A and B is a
monodentate ligand.
1. MA4B2 Type

2. MA3B3 Type

If the monodentate ligand is replaced with multidentate, for

example bidentate, it will produce a complex tie ML2B2. L is a
bidentate ligand. Isomer structure becomes:

A complex mixture of cis and trans forms may be prepared by

mixing the components of non-complex (complex compilers). Based
on the solubility difference between the cis to trans form the two types
of

isomers

that

can

be

separated.

For

example,

trans-

dioxalatodiaquochrom (II) chloride can be crystallized slowly with

evaporation of a solution containing a mixture of cis and trans forms.
With the evaporation equilibrium cis and trans forms can be shifted to
the right because of the lower solubility of the trans isomer. In
addition, the separation of cis and trans isomers can be done by
arranging conditions such that the complex solution laruta cis and trans
distinct, complex cis-dichlorobis (triethulstibin) palladium can be
crystallized in a solution of benzene though only 6% solution of cis
form.
Below the reaction in terms of nitrite ions, NO2 with
tetrachloroplatinate complex ion (II):

From the foregoing reaction can be said that the nitrite ligand has a
stronger trans effect than the chloride ligands. Trans effect strength of
several ligands can be sorted as follows:
I<Br<Cl<F<OH<C2H4<H2O<NCS
In general, the formation of cis and trans isomers in octahedral
complexes can be explained using this trans effect.
I.)

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
i.)

Tools and Material

In tools, it needed some of beaker glasses, watch glass, Bunsen
graduated cyllinders and Erlenmeyer for putting the solution, then
it needed evaporating cup, pipette drops. For the materials, it used
solid of oxalic dehydrate, potassium dichromate and ethanol.
. Procedures

The Making of Trans-potassium dioxalatodiaquochromate (III)

Into the evaporating cup was added 3 grams of oxalic dihydrate
with 1 gram of potassium dichromate then it closed while the
reaction began. Then,the product was evaporated until half of the
portions lost at room temperature. The crystals was being filtered
and washed with distilled water then alcohol.
The Making of cis- potassium dioxalatodiaquochromate (III)
Into the evaporating cup was added 3 grams of oxalic dihydrate
with 1 gram of potassium dichromate then dropped the distlled
water.it closed while the reaction began. Then,the product was
adding by 5 mL of ethanol and stirred until the precipitation
formed. Then decanted and added Ethanol again, filtered and dried
the product.

III.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

III.1 Table of Result
Name

Weight

Rexy & zul

2.6753 g

Iin & Nina

2.8071 g

Table 1 : Table of Result

III.2 Discussions
In an experiment aimed to study the manufacture and properties
of cis and trans isomers of the complex K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2].
Divided into two groups that have been working on two different
circuits. The first group worked on every step of the experiment to get
the trans structure and the second group do to get results cis structure.
Structure is expected to come under this:

In making cis-K [Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2], was observed by mixing solid

oxalic acid with a colorless crystalline solid orange crystalline
potassium dichromate, with treatment covered and only drops by a few
drops of distilled water, after a while become blue-black precipitate
and the resulting gas, the reaction is exothermic because the cup was
hot. Only the desired complex compounds containing two molecules of
H2O and 2 C2O42- molecules as ligands, so that if the solution still
contains a lot of H2O .H2O ligand possibility to increase in numbers

(more than chill). For that carried evaporation. The reaction is as

follows:
[

Cis K [Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] with a final weight of 2.6753 grams. In order

to obtain% yield and yield are as follows:
Yield calculation :
Yield = (Weight observed / total weight) x 100 %
Yield = 66.88%
Percent results obtained only less than 90% of theoretical weight, due
to the potassium chromate is not mixed with oxalic acid. In addition it
is also possible for crystals that were lost during the storage process.
Obtained results are not in line with expectations in the manufacture of
trans-K [Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2], the results of which should be obtained by
the procedure similar to the manufacture of cis structure are identified
by blending with ethanol is jet black color or viscous , The process of
color change from white to orange and black is due to the formation of
complex compounds of K [Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2], in which the two kinds
of complex compound ligands and the central atom of the transition
metal. But it is obtained the same result by making cis. With the same
reaction but just a different structure. So the yield that obtained
70.17% were not so far from the result of cis- making.
Crystalline compound derived from experiments, placed on filter
paper. Then drops of aqueous ammonia. Ammonia (NH3), as well as
water binding oxalate or chromium, also a ligand. The addition could
substitute oxalate ligand or water. Consequently, in experiments on
crystalline complex, there is a section in the form of dark green
solution that quickly spread evenly. This part is called a cis potassium
dioksalatodiakuokromat.

As

for

the

potassium

trans

dioksalatodiakuokromat, crystal drops of ammonia will form a solid

brown insoluble.
Clearly visible on the filter paper containing crystals of the complex.
Reactions that occur in the purity test is:
2K [Cr(C2O4)2(H2O)2] + 2NH3 2K[Cr(NH3)2(H2O)2]
The difference can be explained by the effect of the strength of the
order of ligand trans effects, namely: H2O <OH <NH3 <Cl <Br <I =
NO2 = PR3 << CO = C2H4 = CN. So it can be explained that:
In the crystalline trans, NH3 cannot substituted

oxalate ligand as

strength NH3 ligand under ligand oxalate based on the strength of the
trans effect. So that the aqueous ammonium solution cannot dissolve
the crystals trans formed. However, the trans effect on H2O, resulting
in a change of ligands H2O resulting color changes to brown crystals.
Experiencing the opposite effect. NH3 has a strength greater cis effect
of oxalic acid, so as to substitute the oxalate ligand of complex. As a
result, the complex becomes insoluble and turn ligand causes color
changes to dark green.
IV.

CONCLUSIONS
Manufacture of K [Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] was done by pouring a

solution of potassium chromate to a solution of oxalic acid dihydrate.

While the manufacture of trans-K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] is performed by
reacting oxalic acid with potassium dichromate dihydrate in the cup
warming which in turn drops with a little distilled water. Both
processes are equally carried out with a beaker covered with a watch
glass.
Differences in the nature of cis and trans isomers K
[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2] is the reaction with aqueous ammonia. Trans
isomer is not soluble in aqueous ammonia and produce light brown
precipitate. Whereas the cis isomer is soluble in aqueous ammonia to
produce a dark green solution which spread rapidly on filter paper.

CALCULATION
Yield = (Weight observed / total weight) x 100 %

Trans : (actually same result as cis- product)

Cis :