FINAL REPORT

INORGANIC LABWORK
CARBONATOTETRAAMMINCOBALT(III) COMPLEX ION

BY

Name

: Zulvana Anggraeni Harvian

Number of student

: 12/327756/PA/14373

Day,Dates

: Tuesday, 9 March 2015

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA
YOGYAKARTA
2015

RATIFICATION PAGE

LABWORK REPORT

CARBONATOTETRAAMMINCOBALT(III) COMPLEX ION

Has been prepared and compiled by

Zulvana A. Harvian
12/327756/PA/14373

Has been collected and checked by Assistant

on April 29th 2015

Assistant

Practicant

Benny Wahyudianto

Zuvaana A. Harvian

CARBONATOTETRAAMMINCOBALT(III) COMPLEX ION

ZULVANA ANGGRAENI HARVIAN
12/327756/PA/14373
ABSTRACT
This experiments aimed to learn the way of making,purification and
characterization of [Co(NH3)4CO3]+ complex ions and To determining weight and
shape of crystal complex ion.
Carbonatotetraammincobalt (III) complex ion prepared by reacting Co(NO3)2
6H2O, NH4OH, and NH4CO3 in water medium followed by oxidation of H2O2.
Products in the form of complex [Co(NH4)4CO3]NO3 is then purified by
recrystallization method and then the method is characterized by konduktometri.
Complexes formed purple crystal form with a weight yield of 38.25% and molar
conductivity by forming two ions is [Co(NH4)4CO3]+ and NO3

.
Keyword: karbonatotetraaminkobalt (III) ion complex

CARBONATOTETRAAMMINCOBALT(III) COMPLEX ION

I.)

THE AIMS OF EXPERIMENTAL SESSION

To learn the way of making,purification and characterization of
[Co(NH3)4CO3]+ complex ions
To determining weight and shape of crystal complex ion.

II.)

THEORITICAL BACKGROUND
A complex ion can be defined as an ion composed of the
central atom binding coordination number of ions or neutral
molecules. Ions or neutral molecules as species bound to the
central atom in a complex ion is usually called ligands. This
species has one or more pairs of free electrons and acts as an
electron-pair donor in the formation of coordination bonds.
In this experiment, the complex ion [Co(NH3)4CO3]+ will
be made from the original compound cobalt salt, Co(NO3)2.6H2O.
If the salt is dissolved in water aka tone in the form of a complex
ion [Co(H2O)6]2+ and NO3- ions. In principle, the manufacture of
the complex ion involves the replacement of the ligand NH3 and
H2O ligand followed by oxidation of the central atom of Co3+. In
the execution of the manufacture of complex ion [Co (NH3) 4CO3]
+ is carried out by reacting Co(NO3)2.6H2O , NH4OH and NH4CO3
in water medium and followed oxidation with H2O2.
A compound [Co(NH3)4CO3]NO3 is crystal somewhat
soluble in water, then recrystallization can not be used in refining
the results of this experiment. Further characterization of the
resulting compounds will be dissolved by studying the behavior of
the electrical conductivity of the solution of the resulting
compound.

III.)

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
i.)

Tools and Material

In tools, it needed some of beaker glasses, graduated cyllinders
and Erlenmeyer for putting the solution, then it needed glass
funnel and heater. For the materials, it used solid of Cobalt(II)
nitratehexahydrate Then ammonium carbonate and concentrated
ammonia, hydrogenperoxide 30% and whattman 40 paper
. Procedures

The Making of [Co(NH3)4CO3]NO3 complex ions

Into the beaker was added 1.5 grams of Co(NO3)2.6H2O crystal
with 3 mL of distilled water until homogenous. Then, 2 grams of
(NH3)4CO3 were mixing with 6 mL of distilled water int the beaker
then added by concentrated NH4OH. While it stirred, It was poured
and mixed into the previous solution. 0.6 mL of H2O2 30% was
added and the solution was being heated and for making perfect
solution, when the volume reached 8-10 mL then while heating,it
added by approximately 2.5 grams of (NH3)4CO3. In the process of
heating, it was filtered using whatman 40 and placed into the
erlenmayer that placed into the ice water bath. The red crystal
would form. The next purification was washing step, this solution
washed by drops of distilled water then using drop by drops of
ethanol.

IV.)

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

i.)

Table of Result
Name

Weight

I heart U

1.86 g

I need U

1.91 g

Table 1 : Table of Result

ii.)

Discussions
Compound or complex ion composed of the central ion, which
is generally a metal ion or atom, and a number of ligands.
Covalently bound ligand coordination, with metal or ion center.
The amount of bound ligand is determined by the coordination
number and type of ligands. Co2+ metal ions have oxidation
number 6, which means it can receive six pairs of electron
donor. Oxidation by H2O2 . The reaction occurred :
H2O2+[Co(NH3)6]2++CO3 [Co(NH3)4CO3]+
This experiment aimed to learn how to prepration, purification,
and characterization of complex [Co(NH3)4CO3]+. Created a
complex of [Co(H2O)6]2+ it used 1.5 g of crystalline
Co(NO3)2.6H2O diluted with 3 mL of distilled water in a glass
beaker. Dissolution function for the reaction can be run with
the maximum. In addition, by dissolving salt crystals will break
down into ions and ion complexes of [Co(NH3)4CO3]2+ and
NO3- ion.
While (NH4)2CO3 dissolved as much as 2 g to 6 mL of distilled
water and added 6 ml of concentrated NH4OH. The second
solution is then mixed and heated while stirring continuously
then added cobalt. Heating aimed to increase the speed of the
reaction by adding heat energy or heat. With the heat or energy
will at enhancing energy collisions between molecules. Stirring
will increase the intensity of contact and collision between

molecules. Heating is carried out until the solution becomes 510 mL. Heating is done in a hood because in this reaction
produced gas or ammonia NH3. Heating must be maintained so
that the solution does not boil. When heated is added 30% of
H2O2 as an oxidant of Co2+.
Ligands in the complex ion will be replaced with NH3 for H2O
is a ligand which is weaker than with NH3. In the case of
cobalt, however, only four of the six H2O molecule ligands that
can be replaced by NH3 and forming a red solution. H2O two
ligands that are not replaced with NH3 is then replaced /
pressured by the ligand molecule CO32Color came from the ion complex formed. D orbitals in cobalt
(II) will undergo splitting the H2O ligand binding. electrons can
undergo a transition from the orbital t2g towards orbital eg by
absorbing wavelengths in the visible light spectra. Colors were
not absorbed (complementary colors) will appear as the color of
complex ompounds. Once the volume 5-10 mL solution was
filtered with filter paper and poured into a glass beaker and then
cooled in a cooler / refrigerator to form a crystalline precipitate.
If a precipitate has formed, the solution is filtered with
Whatman 42 paper and Buchner filter until the water content of
truly - really little. Later precipitate was washed with ethanol
and water bertetes - drops. , washing with water intended for
mengihilangkan ions - ions that are still attached to the crystals,
while ethanol is used to eliminate pengotor.kristal oven-dried.
The crystals were formed weighed.
Crystals are formed deep purple with a weight of 1.86 g. weight
yield is 38.25% .The yield obtained relatively low this can be
due to several things. Unreacted reactants maximum, so that the
complex compounds formed only slightly. Can also occur
because the water content in the solution is still quite high,

while crystalline complex compound soluble in water so that

the crystals are formed is reduced.
The yield obtained from other groups is 39.63%. It can also be
due to warming less than the maximum because of the use of a
small glass beaker. Possible water levels are still too high, so
that the complex formed by the water dissolved in the solution.
V.)

CONCLUSIONS
The conclusion that can be derived from these experiments is a
complex compound [Co(NH4)4CO3]NO3- shaped purple crystals. In
aqueous solution, the complex [Co(NH4)4CO3]NO3- form two ions are
complex ion complex [Co(NH4)4CO3]+ and NO3. The yield of the
practicant group was 38.25%. with mass 1.86 grams while other
groups have yield 39.63% with the masses 1.91 grams

VI.)

REFERENCES
Lawrance, Geoffrey A. , 2010, Introduction to Coordination
Chemistry, John Wiley&Sons, United Kingdom
Svehla, G. ,1979, Vogels Textbook of Macro and Semimicro
Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Longman, New York

CALCULATION
mol Co(NO3).6H2O = 0.026 mol
mol (NH4)2CO3 = 0.105 mol
mol NH3 = 0.42 mol
Pers. reaksi :
Co(H2O)6
6H2O (l)

2+

(aq) + 4NH3(aq ) + CO3 2-(aq) [Co(NH3)4CO3]+ (s)

Mula

0.026 mol

0.42 mol

0.105 mol

Reaksi

0.026 mol

0.026 mol

0.026 mol

Sisa

0.394 mol 0.079 mol

Massa [Co(NH3)4CO3]+ = mol x Mr

= 0.026 mol x 187 g/mol
= 4.862 gram
Yield of I heart U= 1.86 g / 4.862 x 100
Result = 38.25%
Yield of I nedd U = 1.91/4.862
Result = 39.63%

0.026 mol
0.026 mol