What is the Data Model?

The set of activities and techniques that enable us to capture the structure and
operations of an organization, as well as the proposed information solution that
will enable the organization to achieve its goals.
It is an abstract model that documents and organizes the business data for
communication between functional and technical people.

Why we need Data Model?

To better understand the requirements
It helps to build a robust design
Provide consistency across Projects
Helps developers to find the issues and redesign in case changes in the
functionality
Improves the data quality and helps to analyse the requirements for their data
Help to distribute the data across their product
Helps in reducing the data maintenance like where and how the data is stored
and gives a clear picture of the flow of data
Can be used to reuse to create a similar product
Helps in improving the performance
What are the types of data modeling?
Business Process Modeling (BPM)
Object-Oriented Modeling (OOM-UML)
Conceptual Data Modeling (CDM-E/R)
Physical Data Modeling (PDM)

Designing Levels of Data Models or Development Life Cycle

-Business Model ( Abstract level)
-Enterprise Model (Objects and Properties)
-Conceptual (Entities, Attributes, Relations)
- Logical (Tables, Columns, PKs, FKs)
-Physical (Tables, Crud Operations, Indexes, Partitioning) (Detail Level)

How can u create a data model with the existing Database or a product?

-Reverse Engineering
Who all will be benefited from the data model?
-Project Managers
Project Scope Management (Enterprise Data Model)
Project Quality Management
-Business Analyst/ Specialist
Requirement Analysis
-Architects
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Solution Design
Database Design

-Developers
Generate SQL/DDL from the Model
Bride between technical and functional area
Data Migration
-DBAs
Performance Improvements
When should we create a data model?
Design level or at the level of conceptual data model (Its a prerequisite for
design)
During the analysis and design comes the conceptual data model and when the
conceptual is completed it is delivered to developers comes the physical design.
Requirement-analysis-design-develop-deploy-monitor and maintain-requirement
Once the design is done and deliverable design provided to the developers is a
physical design
Who will actually involve in creating a Data model?
Data base modeller, Database designer, DBA

What is Conceptual Data Model?

Identifies the highest level of relationships between different entities without
specifying any attributes.
Logical Data Model
Detail each entities with attributes
Sometimes combines the conceptual and logical model
Primary keys for each entity is specified

Foreign Keys are specified

Normalize the data
Physical Data model
Represents how the model will be built in the database
Shows tables structures, columns, column data type, constraints, primary key,
foreign key
And relation between tables
De-normalization may occur according our requirement
Physical model may vary for different RDBMS

Feature
Entity Names
Entity
Relationships
Attributes
Primary Keys
Foreign Keys
Table Names
Column Names
Column Data Types

Concept
ual

Logic
al

Physic
al

Tools
1. Microsoft Visio
2. Power designer

Entities must not be multiplied beyond necessity

What is a Business Model (Abstract level/Context)?

High Level Abstract model of the business

Identify the global things of significance
Identify the key data
Environment Model