Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
(SKMV 3413)
load,
brake mean effective pressure,
spark timing,
compression ratio,
Materials
size.
= ( )
At higher speed, there is also less time for heat transfer per cycle, which
means the engine runs hotter, and a hotter engine has a greater knock
problem.
As load increased, heat transfer within the engine also goes up by:
=
= convection heat transfer coefficient
= surface area at any point
= temperature difference at that point
At light loads less fuel is injected and burned, creating a cooler steadystate temperature. This decreases the corresponding heat transfer.
At heavy load more fuel is injected and burned, and the resulting steadystate temperature is higher. This causes a greater convective heat
transfer.
With spark timing set either too early or too late, combustion
efficiency and average temperatures will be lower.
These lower temperatures will give less peak heat loss, but the
heat losses will last over a longer length of time and the overall
energy loss will be greater.
Compression ratio
Knock
Swirl and squish
Example 2