Important Tips

Baleen Whale bone whale have in the buccal cavity a special structure called baleen or whale bone. It consists
several parallel horny plates hanging from the palate.
Cheek pouches In some rodents (squirrel, rat) certain old world monkey, the vestibule extends to form che
pouches for temporary storage of masticated food.
Taste buds contain group of sensory epithelial cells. These cells are anteriorly provided with kinocilium a
posteriorly with nerve fibres. The taste centres are present in brain.
Gustatoreceptor The organ concerned with taste detection. They are a type of chemoreceptor found in t
parietal lobe of cerebrum.
In frog, tongue is anteriorly attached with the floor of buccopharyngeal cavity at lower jaw, whereas posterior e
is free and bifid.
The tongue of snake is bifid and sensitive to odour and vibration.
Toothpaste protects the gum, whereas fluorides present in toothpaste clean the apex. The excess of fluorid
causes the disease fluorisis which leads to decaying of teeth and bones.
Elephant tusk is the upper incisors.
3rd molar in human is called as wisdom teeth as arises after the age of 16-17 years. Wisdom teeth 4 in number.
Teeth of fishes are modified placoid scales.
Teeth in frog are present only on upper jaw.
Caries Decay of teeth due to degeneration of enamel and formation of cavities.
Pyorrhoea infected gums and tooth sockets.
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Maximum number of teeth present in opossum is

.
The number of teeth that grows once and twice in humans life is 12 and 20 respectively.
Lophodont teeth in elephant are premolar and molar.
Incisors of rats are polyphyodont.
Teeth of sloths and armadillos have no enamel.
Enamel is lacking in the teeth of whales.

Jacobson organ (Vomeronasal organs) They are independent chambers below nasal cavities found in most
tetrapods, although they are sometimes vestigial (like human). Absent in fish but occurs embryonic rudiments in
most vertebrates. In reptiles, they are best developed in lizards, snakes and sphenodon but are absent in adult
crocodiles. Jacobsons organ well developed in such animals that hold food in their mouth. This organ serve to
smell food and recognize its chemical nature. They also help enemy recognition, locating members to opposite
sex, courtship etc.
Teeth absent in Bufo and Pipa (Toads).
Taste of chilli is not real taste but it is burning sensation of nerves.

Fangs of poisonous snake attached to maxillary bones, they are replaceable. Solenoglyphous, Proteroglyphus a
Opisthoglyphus types of fang occurs in poisonous snake.