Beruflich Dokumente
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001
The Philippines
Fifth Progress Report - Millennium Development Goals
Executive Summary
Published by:
National Economic and Development Authority
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Tel: (+632) 631 0945 to 56
Email: info@neda.gov.ph
www.neda.gov.ph
Printed in the Philippines
002
The Philippines
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
01
Preface
(3) reducing infant and under-five mortality; (4)
reversing the incidence of malaria; (5) increasing
tuberculosis detection and cure rates; and (6)
increasing the proportion of households with
access to safe water supply. Furthermore, the target
of halving the proportion of people with no access
to basic sanitation has already been achieved.
On the other hand, there is a need to exert
greater effort to accelerate progress on the
following areas where we are lagging behind: (1)
elementary education in terms of completion rate;
(2) maternal mortality; (3) access to reproductive
health; and (4) HIV/AIDS.
ii
ARSENIO M. BALISACAN
Economic Planning Secretary
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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Message
It is also a forthright report. It questions the
nature of the economic growth recorded in recent
years, asking whether and how that growth has
been inclusive, and offers an inequality analysis
and a reflection on key bottlenecks for each
goal. It takes note of striking disparities between
regions and across income groups and admits
shortcomings in both access to employment
and the quality of employment, observing how
the latter is intimately linked with both income
poverty and education achievements. It examines
the dynamic between transient poverty and
natural hazard so relevant for Philippines.
LUIZA CARVALHO
UN Resident Coordinator and
UNDP Resident Representative
Acknowledgements
This Report was prepared through the
collaborative efforts of the National Economic
and Development Authority, under the leadership
and guidance of Secretary Arsenio M. Balisacan,
and the United Nations Country Team, led by Dr.
Luiza Carvalho, UN Resident Coordinator.
The NEDA would like to thank the
consultant, Dr. Celia Reyes of the Philippine
Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) for
her invaluable expertise in assessing MDG
progress, consolidating and analyzing relevant
data, integrating outputs of various stakeholders
consulted during the reports formulation, and
providing evidence-based recommendations for
the achievement of the MDGs in 2015.
Sincerest appreciation is also due to the United
Nations Country Team (UNCT), members of
the Multisectoral Committee on International
Human Development Commitments (MCIHDC), NEDA-Social Development Committee
(SDC), nongovernment organizations, private
sector, and academe/research institutions who
participated during the Technical Workshop
on the Philippines Fifth Progress Report on the
MDGs held last June 18, 2013.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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Executive Summary
Introduction
It is less than 500 days before the 2015 target
date of achieving the MDG targets. This report is
the penultimate before 2015 and is very important
in assessing where the Philippines is vis--vis the
targets. Moreover, this report can be the basis for
action to achieve accelerated progress within the
next two years.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Source: Celia M. Reyes, Aubrey D. Tabuga, Ronina D. Asis and Maria Blessila G. Datu, 2012, Poverty and Agriculture in the Philippines:
Trends in Income Poverty and Distribution (PIDS DP 2012-09); and 2012 Family Income and Expenditure Survey.
Source: Celia M. Reyes, Aubrey D. Tabuga, Ronina D. Asis and Maria Blessila G. Datu, 2012, Poverty and Agriculture in the Philippines:
Trends in Income Poverty and Distribution (PIDS DP 2012-09); and 2012 Family Income and Expenditure Survey.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Source: Celia M. Reyes, Aubrey D. Tabuga, Ronina D. Asis and Maria Blessila G. Datu, 2012, Poverty and Agriculture in the Philippines:
Trends in Income Poverty and Distribution (PIDS DP 2012-09); and 2012 Family Income and Expenditure Survey.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Figure 8. Proportion of employed population living below the national poverty threshold, 2003-2009
Source of basic data: Family Income and Expenditure Survey and Labor Force Survey, Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) - National
Statistics Office (NSO) and PSA - National Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB).
In addition to access to jobs, the quality of
available jobs has not been adequate to address
the poverty situation. Having a job does not
guarantee living above the poverty line. In 2009,
about 22 percent of those employed are living
below the national poverty threshold. The data for
the period 2003-2009 indicate an increasing trend
in the proportion of the employed population
living below the poverty line.
This relationship between employment and
income poverty may be partly attributable to
the skills, proxied by the educational attainment,
of the workforce. The lower income groups
generally have lower educational attainment. The
disparity is most evident among the older age
groups of children. For instance, the proportion
of children aged 6-11 attending school among the
poorest decile is 94 percent , while the proportion
among the richest decile is 99 percent. Looking
Figure 9. Proportion of children attending school, by income group and by age group, 2011
Source: Celia Reyes, Aubrey Tabuga, Christian Mina and Ronina Asis, 2013, Promoting Inclusive Growth through the 4Ps (PIDS DP 2013-10)
Figure 10. Percentage distribution of workers (aged 25 and over) by highest educational attainment and by income
quintile, 2009
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Figure 11. Average daily wage of wage/salary workers, by educational attainment, 2011
Source: Celia Reyes, Aubrey Tabuga, Christian Mina and Ronina Asis, 2013, Regional Integration, Inclusive Growth and Poverty: Enhancing
Employment Opportunities for the Poor (PIDS DP 2013-10)
10
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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Probability of
attaining the
target
Target 1.A: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less
than the poverty threshold
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
Target 1.C: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from
hunger
MEDIUM
Proportion of households with per capita intake below 100% dietary energy requirement
MEDIUM
Target 2.A: Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to
complete a full course of primary schooling
Target 3.A: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by
2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015*
HIGH
MEDIUM
LOW
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
LOW
Target 4.A: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate
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HIGH
HIGH
Probability of
attaining the
target
LOW
LOW
Target 6.A: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to anti-retroviral drugs
MEDIUM
Target 6.C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other
major diseases
MEDIUM
HIGH
HIGH
HIGH
Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe
drinking water and basic sanitation
HIGH
HIGH
Notes:
Computation of pace of progress is based on UNSIAP methodology;
Probability of attaining the target: LOW - pace progress is less than 0.5; MEDIUM - pace of progress is between 0.5 and 0.9; HIGH - pace of
progress is greater than 0.9
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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Source: PSA-NSCB
Figure 14. Subsistence incidence among population (%), 1991-2012
Source: PSA-NSCB
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Figure 15. GDP Growth Rate and Employment Growth Rate, 1990-2013
Note: Total Employed data for 1990 to 1997, based on 1980CPH; 1998 to 2006, based on 1995CPH; 2007 up to present, based on 2000CPH.
Sources: PSA-NSO and PSA-NSCB
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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Source: PSA-BLES
Figure 17. Trend (%) in the prevalence of underweight-for-age among children, under-five years old, for
monitoring of MDG 1 using World Health Organization - Child Growth Standard (WHO-CGS): 1990-2011
Source of basic data: National Science Fair 2011, Food and Nutrition Research and Institute (FNRI)
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Note:
For SY 2002-2003 to SY 20092010, the population used in
computing the gross and net
enrolment rates is based on the
revised population projection
based on 2.04 percent annual
growth rate between 2000
and 2007 Censuses.For SY
2010-2011 to SY 2012-2013
population is based on 2010
CPH provided by NSO.
Figure 18: Elementary education NER and GER (%), SY 1991-1992 to SY 2012-2013 (public and private)
Source: Research & Statistics Division Office of Planning Service, Department of Education
Figure 19: Elementary education CSR and CompR (%), SY 1991-1992 to SY 2012-2013 (public and private)
Source: Research & Statistics Division Office of Planning Service, Department of Education
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Source of basic data: Research & Statistics Division Office of Planning Service, Department of Education
Figure 21. Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education, 1996-2012
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Source: 1990 Technical Working Group on Maternal and Child Mortality, PSA-NSCB; National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)
(1993, 1998, 2003 &2008), NSO; Family Planning Survey (FPS) 2006, Family Health Survey 2011
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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Figure 24. Trends in contraceptive prevalence rate (%), by contraceptive method, 1993-2011
Source: National Demographic Household Survey and Family Health Survey, PSA-NSO
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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Morbidity rate
(per 100,000)
Mortality Rate
(per 100,00)
1990
123
1.50
1995
86
0.90
2000
48
0.40
2005
55
0.17
2007
41
0.08
2008
26
0.06
2009
22
0.03
2010
21
0.03
2011
9.5
0.01
2012
8.3
0.01
Figure 25. Number of HIV/AIDS Cases Reported in the Philippines, 1990 to 2013 December
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Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is still one of the top causes of
morbidity and mortality in the country. Data
indicate that for the period 1990-2011 the
incidence rate due to tuberculosis decreased from
393 cases per 100,000 population in 1990 to 270
per 100,000 cases in 2011. Prevalence rate also
declined from 1,000 cases per 100,000 in 1990 to
484 cases per 100,000 population in 2011. The TB
mortality rate likewise declined from 58 deaths
per 100,000 population in 1990 to 29 deaths per
100,000 population in 2011.
Table 19 shows the progress in terms of
program indicators namely, case detection rate
Table 3. Tuberculosis: Incidence, Prevalence and Mortality Rates (per 100,000) 1990-2011
Year
Incidence Rate
Prevalence Rate
Mortality Rate
1990
393
1000
58
1995
360
904
49
2000
329
775
41
2005
301
633
35
2009
280
520
31
2010
275
502
30
2011
270
484
29
Cure Rate
1995
48
60
73
2000
47
88
82
2005
53
89
80
2009
57
89
82
2010
65
91
85
2011
76
91
85
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* Based on DENR Administrative Order No. 2004-15 re National List of Threatened Fauna and 2011 CITES listed species
** Based on DENR Administrative Order No. 2007-01 re National List of Threatened Philippine Plants
Figure 28. Ratio of area protected to maintain biological diversity to surface area (terrestrial and marine
protected areas)
Source: Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural Resources
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Figure 29. Access to safe drinking water and sanitary toilet facilities
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Figure 30. Proportion of urban population living in slum areas (%), 1990-2009
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Figure 33. Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services, 1990-2010
Source: PSA-NSCB
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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