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y+ = uty /
(1)
213
a circular inner zone, which was identified as Rotor subgrid, revolving with rotor angular velocity .
TABLE I
MAIN GEOMETRICAL FEATURES OF THE ANALYZED ROTOR
Denomination
Value
Drotor [mm]
Hrotor [mm]
Blade profile
c [mm]
N [-]
1030
1 (2D simulation)
NACA 0025
85.8
4
214
Fig. 5 Schema of the size functions applied to the main control circle
elements
215
It can be noted that, varying the tip speed ratio, the shape of
the average y+ (for the same mesh, over an entire revolution)
remains the same.
Depending on the boundary layer analysis settings, the
following y+ values are required [10]:
30 < y+ < 300 for wall function based simulations, when
the mesh is only fine enough to resolve up to the
turbulent region (y+ > 30 ). Values close to 30 are highly
desirable;
1 < y+ < 5 for fine enough meshes to resolve the laminar
sub-layer.
TABLE II
MAIN FEATURES OF THE FIVE TESTED GRIDS
MOD
1
MOD
2
MOD
3
MOD
3.5
MOD
4
1.30
1.00
0.50
0.40
0.25
1.08
1.08
1.08
1.08
1.08
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.35
0.20
1.28
1.28
1.28
1.28
1.28
3.50
2.00
1.00
0.75
0.50
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
10
10
10
10
10
y+ = f(; )
216
(2)
217
(3)
(4)
Cp (=2.43)
[-]
MOD3.5
0.30
MOD1
0.35
16.7
Cp [%]
MOD2
0.35
16.7
MOD3
0.33
10.0
MOD4
0.22
-26.7
Fig. 16 Power curves obtained with the five tested grids as a function
of the tip speed ratio
(5)
218
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The present work was developed in cooperation with Vortex
Energy S.r.l. (Italy), as a part of a research project finalized to
the manufacturing of a Darrieus VAWaterT.
NOMENCLATURE
2
As [m ]
c [m]
Cp [-]
Drotor [m]
Hrotor [m]
N [-]
P [W]
Re [-]
Rrotor [m]
ut [m/s]
V [m/s]
219
y [m]
y+ [-]
[]
[-]
[Pas]
[kg/m3]
[rad/s]
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
220
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.