CWDM Network Design

Recession-Proof Consulting Services with
CWDM Network Design

Presented By
Ty Estes
Marketing Communications Director
Omnitron Systems

CWDM Network Design
Introduction
WDM Technology Overview
CWDM and Fiber Cabling
Multiplexing Equipment
Application Examples
Wavelength Conversion
About Omnitron Systems
iConverter
Founded in 1992
Corporate Headquarters
in Irvine California
Intelligent Media Converters,

CWDM Multiplexers,
T1/E1 Multiplexers
and Network Interface Devices
Provides Carrier-Grade
Fiber Connectivity Solutions
for Utilities, Service Providers,
Enterprise and Government
networks
iConverter Products are MEF 9/14/21
and NEBS Level 3 Certified.
The Only Constant is Change

Enterprises
Service Providers
Government
Utilities & Energy
Education
The Challenge
Convergence, New Applications and Services,
and Migration to the Next Generation Network
Video
High Definition TV
Internet Video
IP Security & Traffic Video
Distance Learning
Wireless Backhaul
3G and 4G Services
Data Center Connectivity

SaaS
Cloud Computing
Remote Backup
Carrier Ethernet
Ethernet Business Services
Migration from Legacy Protocols
Are Stretching the Capacity of Fiber Infrastructure
Expanding Capacity of Fiber Networks

Three Options
1) Install New Fiber
New links for each location/application/data type
Expensive and time consuming installation
2) Protocol Converters / Aggregation

Circuit Emulation converges the different applications
into TDM or Ethernet
Expensive and complicated equipment
3) Wavelength Division Multiplexing

CWDM Network Design
Introduction
WDM Overview
Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Overlaying multiple wavelengths on one fiber link
Each wavelength is a secure and an independent data channel
Each channel is protocol and speed transparent (up to 10 Gig)
Increases the capacity of the fiber infrastructure
Inexpensive when compared to alternatives

Installing new fiber (costly and time consuming)
Circuit Emulation (costly and complex training and support)
Implementation has no impact to existing network

Legacy 1310nm or 1550nm network treated as additional
CWDM channel
WDM Single Fiber

Dual Fiber utilizes one wavelength over two strands of fiber
Rx
1310nm
Tx
Tx
1310nm
Rx
Single-Fiber utilizes Bi-Directional (BIDI) WDM technology

1310nm
Tx / Rx
1550nm
Two independent wavelengths over

one strand of fiber
Rx / Tx
WDM Overview
Dual Fiber Links
WDM technology enables a fiber optic cable to carry

multiple Wavelengths (Lambdas)
Each Wavelength is an independent data Channel
that can transport any network protocol or data rate
Additional Channels can be added if the
Wavelengths are unique
DWDM and CWDM

Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing
CDWM and Standard Wavelengths

Standard 1310nm or 1550nm have wider tolerances and
utilize more of the spectrum than CWDM wavelengths
Standard wavelengths can be used in conjunction with the
CWDM wavelengths (through Pass Band ports)
Standard wavelengths are not precise enough for the 20nm
filters used in CWDM multiplexers
Standard wavelengths can be converted to CWDM
wavelengths with Transponders or SFPs
Standard
1310
Standard
1550
CDWM Wavelength Band Allocation

Different Bands or groupings of wavelengths
ITU Bands 5 bands defined by ITU
Lower Band = lower 10 wavelengths
Legacy 1310 is a subset of Lower Band (1270nm to 1360nm.)
Upper Band = upper 8 wavelengths

Upper 1 (1510, 1530, 1550, 1570) commonly used for CWDM MUXes
Upper 2 (1470, 1490, 1590, 1610) compliments Upper 1
Lower 10
O Band
Upper 8
E Band
Upper 2
Upper 1
S Band
C Band
Upper 2
L Band
ITU Bands

CWDM Network Design
Introduction
Fiber Types for CWDM Applications

Single Mode Fiber is required for CWDM
Types of Single Mode Fiber
Non-dispersion-shifted (NDSF), G.652, G.652.C &
G.652.D
Most common (see next slide)
Dispersion shifted fiber, G.653

Not commonly deployed
Zero Dispersion area moved to 1550
Non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber (NZ-DSF), G.655

Developed to minimize issues (nonlinear effects) in
DWDM systems.
Fiber Types Optimized for CWDM

Non-dispersion-shifted fiber (NDSF)
Water Peak
1.0
G.652
G.652C
G.652D
0.9
Loss
(dB/km)
0.6
0.3
0
1300
1400
1500
1600
nm
Fiber Types for CWDM Applications

1) Know the type of fiber installed in your network
Contact the manufacturer
Test your fiber links
2) Plan accordingly
Determine the areas of the spectrum that have the
highest attenuation in the fiber link
Use the optimum attenuation areas of the CWDM
spectrum in your design

CWDM Network Design
Introduction
CWDM Multiplexers
CWDM MUXes are Passive Devices
CWDM Multiplexers modules do not
require power to operate
Pass all data channels transparently
Support data rates up to 10 gig per channel
CWDM MUXes can be Powered
Installing a CWDM MUX module in a powered
chassis enables management of the module
Types of CWDM Multiplexers

Dual Fiber and Single-Fiber
4 Channel Dual Fiber
1510nm
2 Channel Single Fiber

1510nm
1530nm
1530nm
Common
Common
1550nm
1550nm
1570nm
1570nm
Each Channel is
1 Wavelength
Each Channel is
2 Wavelengths
Single-Fiber MUXes support 1/2 the Channel Ports of

Dual Fiber MUXes
Types of CWDM Multiplexers

Multiplexers are used at each end of a CWDM
Common Line to MUX and DMUX wavelengths
Optical Add+Drop Multiplexers (OADM) are used
to insert (add) and remove (drop) wavelengths at any
point along a CWDM Common Line
Port Definitions
Channel Port
A port for a specific CWDM wavelength
Common Port
A port for the CWDM Common Line that transmits/receives
all multiplexed wavelengths
1310 Pass Band Port

Connects directly to standard equipment and enables the
legacy 1310nm wavelength to pass through unaltered
Also used as a Management or Service Channel
Expansion Port (AKA Upgrade Port or Express Port)

Cascades multiple MUX/DEMUX modules, e.g.:
two 8-Channel MUX modules yields 16 channels
Can also function as a 1550 Pass Band port
MUX/DMUX 4-Channel Modules

Upper 1 Band
with 1310 Pass Band port
Channel 1 1510nm
Channel 2 1530nm
Channel 3 1550nm
Channel 4 1570nm
1310 Pass Band Port

Common Port
MUX/DMUX 4-Channel Modules

4-Channel Dual Fiber with Pass Band
Channel Ports
CWDM
MUX/DMUX
CWDM
MUX/DMUX
Dual Fiber
1510nm
1510nm
1530nm
Common (Rx)
Common (Tx)
1310 PB
1530nm
1550nm
1550nm
1570nm
Channel Ports
Common (Tx)
Common (Rx)
1570nm
1310 PB
4-Channel MUX/DMUX at each end of a dual fiber

Common Link provides four independent data paths,
plus a 1310 Pass Band (PB) channel that
connects directly to legacy equipment.
MUX/DMUX Application Example

4-Channel Point-to-Point MUX/DMUX with
1310 Pass Band
Four new data channels added to existing fiber link

carrying existing 1310nm data.
Legacy 1310 device can be Ethernet, SONET,
TDM or other protocol.
MUX/DMUX 4-Channel Dual Fiber

Upper 2 Band
with Pass Band port
and Expansion port
Channel 1 1470nm
Channel 2 1490nm
Channel 3 1590nm
Channel 4 1610nm
1310 Pass Band Port

1510-1570 Expansion Port
Common Port

4-Channel Point-to-Point MUX/DMUX with Expansion
Upper 2 Band
Upper 1 Band
Expansion
1310
Pass Band
Upper 1 Band compliments Upper 2 Band Expansion

Plus 1310 Pass Band over Common Link

4-Channel Point-to-Point MUX/DMUX with EXP and PB
Upper 2 Band
Legacy 1550
Expansion
(1550 Pass Band)
1310
Management
Channel
Expansion Port can also be used as a 1550 Pass Band Port.

Pass Band Port can also be used for Management.
8-Channel Dual Fiber

Upper 8 Band
1310 Pass Band port
Channel 1 1470nm
Channel 5 1490nm
Channel 2 1490nm
Channel 6 1610nm
Channel 3 1510nm
Channel 7 1610nm
Channel 4 1530nm
Channel 8 1610nm
Common Port
1310 Pass Band
8-Channel Dual Fiber

Lower 10 Band
Channel 1 1270nm
Channel 2 1350nm
Channel 3 1290nm
Channel 4 1370nm
Channel 5 1310nm
Channel 6 1430nm
Channel 7 1330nm
Channel 8 1450nm
Common Port
Water
Peak
Application Example
8-Channel MUX and Two 4-Channel Drops
The Expansion Port also enables a cascade port

to another location
OADM Modules
Optical Add+Drop Multiplexers enable CWDM channels to
be added and dropped along a CWDM Common Line
1-Channel Dual Fiber OADM
OADM Modules
Channel 1 Left 1590nm

Channel 1 Right 1590nm
Left Common Port

(All Wavelengths)
Select any Wavelength

for Add + Drop
All Wavelengths pass through both
(Left & Right) Common Ports
Right Common Port

(All Wavelengths)
1590nm is extracted
out and inserted in
Dual Fiber, Single-Channel OADM
Channel Ports
1510nm (Rx)
1510nm (Tx)
1530nm (Rx)
1530nm (Tx)
1550nm (Rx)
1550nm (Tx)
CWDM MUX
CWDM MUX
Common
Left Port
Common (Rx)
OADM
Common (Tx)
Common
Right Port
Common (Tx)
Common (Rx)
1570nm (Rx)
1570nm (Tx)
Channel
1570nm
(Rx)
Left
Port
1570nm (Tx)
Channel
1570nm
Right(Tx)
Port
Channel Ports
1510nm (Tx)
1510nm (Rx)
1530nm (Tx)
1530nm (Rx)
1550nm (Tx)
1550nm (Rx)
1570nm (Tx)
1570nm (Rx)
1570nm (Rx)
A dual-direction OADM Adds and Drops a wavelength

along the Common fiber route in both directions
OADM Application Example

1 Channel OADM with Dual Direction Add+Drop
The 1570nm Channel can be Single Direction (D)

E). or Dual Direction (D & E).
CWDM OADM Modules


Select any Two Wavelengths

for Add + Drop
All Wavelengths pass through both
(Left & Right) Common Ports
Left Common
(All Remaining Wavelengths)
Right Common
(All Remaining Wavelengths)
OADM & MUX/DMUX Application

Bus (Linear) Topology with 1-Channel and 2-Channel
Add+Drop locations using the Upper 2 Band
A single-direction OADM is used at each location.

Note the higher wavelengths utilized for longest distances
due to lowest attenuation.
OADM Ring Application

Resilient Ring with 1 and 2-Channel Add+Drops
OADMs used to Connect and Bypass Switch Nodes.

Many more networks and nodes
can be added to the ring.
Section Summary
CWDM is Cost Effective
Much less expensive than upgrading switches and routers
Maintain investments in existing equipment
Rapid Deployments
Passive equipment that is easy to use
Plug and play installations
No disruption to existing service (Spanning Tree / SONET)
Section Summary
CWDM Multiplexers Support Dual and Single-Fiber
Single Fiber MUXes support the channels of Dual
Fiber.
Wavelength Allocation Provides Design Flexibility

Enables Passing of Legacy 1310nm and 1550nm
Complementing Bands for Expansion Ports
Workaround for the 1400nm Water Peak
Section Summary
MUXes and OADMs Provide Flexible Designs
Add and Drop Linear Bus applications
Pass Band Ports enable overlaying CWDM onto existing
networks
Overlay Channels on SONET and Resilient Ring networks
Expansion Ports provide flexibility for future growth
Expansion Ports also double as 1550 Pass Band,
and enable passing channels to different locations
Both MUXes and OADMs can be used to Connect and
Bypass Nodes on ring networks

CWDM Network Design
Introduction
CWDM Wavelength Conversion

OK, CWDM is cool stuff.
But how do I connect my equipment to CWDM Muxes?

Small Form Pluggable (SFP) transceivers
Transponders / Wavelength converters
Media Converters that support SFPs

How to Connect Legacy Equipment to CWDM Networks
Small Form Pluggable (SFP) transceivers
are compact interchangeable connectors
CWDM SFPs support 18 ITU-T G694.2 wavelengths
between 1270nm to 1610nm in 20nm increments
Available with color coded latch handles
Wavelength
Color
1610nm
1590nm
1570nm
1550nm
1530nm
1510nm
1490nm
1470nm
Brown
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Purple
Gray

CWDM SFPs are used with SFP capable switches to
convert standard wavelengths to CWDM wavelengths

Transponders are Fiber-to-Fiber converters with SFPs
that convert standard wavelengths to WDM wavelengths
Also converts Multimode Fiber to Single-mode Fiber

Transponders convert fixed fiber ports with legacy
wavelengths to CWDM wavelengths

Media Converters that support SFPs enable
connectivity between copper equipment and CWDM
networks
Support a wide variety of network protocols, cabling and
connector types

Media Converters with CWDM SFPs convert copper to
fiber with CWDM wavelengths

Wavelengths from almost any network device can be
converted to appropriate CWDM wavelengths
Gig-E switch w/SFPs
CWDM SFP
(1510nm)
CWDM MUX
ATM Router
Standard SFP Transponder CWDM SFP

(MM 1310nm)
(SM 1530nm)
1530nm
10/100 Media Converter
Fast-E switch (UTP)
+
T3 MUX
CWDM SFP
(1550nm)
1550nm
1570nm
T3 Media Converter
1510nm
CWDM SFP
(1570nm)

CWDM Network Design
Shameless Promotion Section
iConverter CWDM Product Summary
Dual Fiber Products:
Multi-Service Platform
4 and 8 Channel MUX/DMUX

1 and 2 Channel OADM
Ethernet, Serial & TDM over Fiber

Modular and Compact Chassis
System
Single-Fiber Products:
2 and 4 Channel MUX/DEMUX
1 Channel OADM
Pass Band and Expansion Ports

Flexible and Scalable Deployments
iConverter Multi-Service Platform
Omnitron Systems
Contact Information
Phone:
949-250-6510
Toll Free: 800-675-8410
tyestes@omnitron-systems.com
info@omnitron-systems.com
www.omnitron-systems.com
Thank You
Q and A
Ty Estes
Marketing Communications Director
Omnitron Systems

CWDM Network Design

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