STATS FRQ

1 Prop Z Test
Given: one sample proportion or percent is testing against a claimed
population proportion/percent
Ho: P=?
Ha: P<? || P>? || p!=?
Conditions: random
normal [np>=10 && n(1-p)>=10]
10%
Calculations:
Z=(obs-mean)/sd
sd=pp = sqrt[ P * ( 1 - P ) / n ]
1 Prop Z Int
Given: 1 sample proportion or percent and might e given a claimed
proportion or percent
Ho: P=?
Ha: P<? || P>? || p!=?
Conditions:
Random
normal [np>=10 && n(1-p)>=10]
10%
Calculations: (stats wizard off)
CI = pp Z* SE(pp )
SE = sqrt[pp * ( 1 - pp ) / n ]
Z*=invNorm(area||CI)

T Test
Given: a sample mean, or one list of data. 2 sample means, or 2 lists
from PAIRED data and testing against a claimed population mean

Ho: P=?
Ha: P<? || P>? || p!=?
Conditions:
Random
Normal: said in the problem||if n>30 CLT||when data is given, do
histogram&box
10%
Calculations:
t=(pbs-mean)/sd
sd=SE(xx )=Sx/sqrt(n)
Sx one var stats

T Test
Given: a sample mean, or one list of data. 2 sample means, or 2 lists
from PAIRED data and testing against a claimed population mean
Ho: P=?
Ha: P<? || P>? || p!=?
Conditions:
Random
Normal: said in the problem||if n>30 CLT||when data is given, do
histogram&box
10%
Calculations:
t=(pbs-mean)/sd
sd=SE(xx )=Sx/sqrt(n)
Sx one var stats

T Int

Given: a sample mean, or one list of data. 2 sample means, or 2 lists

from PAIRED data and testing against a claimed population mean
Ho: P=?
Ha: P<? || P>? || p!=?
Conditions:
Random
Normal: said in the problem||if n>30 CLT||when data is given, do
histogram&box
10%
Calculations:
CI = xx t*n-1 SE(pp )
sd=SE(xx )=Sx/sqrt(n)
Sx one var stats
t*n-1 = invT(area||CI,df ??)
2 Prop Z Test
Given: 2 sample proportions or percents
Asked: one group is greater/less/different than the other
Ho: p1=p2 || p1-p2=0
Ha: p1>p2 || p1<p2 || p1!=p2
Conditions:
Random: state both
Normal:
n1 pp 1>=10 n1 (1-pp 1)>=10
n2 pp 2>=10 n2 (1-pp 2)>=10
10% when doing observational study or independence when doing
comparative randomized experiment
Calculations:
CI = pp 1-2 Z* SE(pp 1-2)
SE(pp 1-2)= sqrt[ pp 1(1- pp 1)/n1+ pp 2(1- pp 2)/n2]

2 Prop Z Int
Given: 2 sample proportions or percents
Asked: one group is greater/less/different than the other
Ho: p1=p2 || p1-p2=0
Ha: p1>p2 || p1<p2 || p1!=p2
Conditions:
Random: state both
Normal:
n1 pp 1>=10 n1 (1-pp 1)>=10
n2 pp 2>=10 n2 (1-pp 2)>=10
10% when doing observational study or independence when doing
comparative randomized experiment
Calculations:
Z=(obs-mean)/sd = pp 1-2/sd
pp 1-2=sqrt[pp c(1- pp c)/n1 + pp c(1- pp c)/n2]
pp c=(x1+x2)/(n1+n2)
2 Sample T Test
Given: 2 sample means or 2 lists of data
Asked: one group is greater/less/different than the other
Ho: 1=2 || 1-2=0
Ha: 1>2 || 1<2 || 1!= 2
Conditions:
Random: state both
Normal:
n1 pp 1>=10 n1 (1-pp 1)>=10
n2 pp 2>=10 n2 (1-pp 2)>=10
10% when doing observational study or independence when doing
comparative randomized experiment
Calculations:
CI = pp 1-2 t*n-2 SE(xx )

SE(xx )= sqrt(S1^2/n1+S2^2/n2)
t*n-2=invT(area||CI,df)
2 Sample T Int
Given: 2 sample means or 2 lists of data
Asked: one group is greater/less/different than the other
Ho: 1=2 || 1-2=0
Ha: 1>2 || 1<2 || 1!= 2
Conditions:
Random: state both
Normal:
n1 pp 1>=10 n1 (1-pp 1)>=10
n2 pp 2>=10 n2 (1-pp 2)>=10
10% when doing observational study or independence when doing
comparative randomized experiment
Calculations:
t=(obs-mean)/sd = xx 1-2/sd
sd= sqrt(S1^2/n1+S2^2/n2)
Chi-square Goodness of Fit
Given: one sample distributed over two or more categories
Ho: results are consistent with the theoretical distribution
Ha: results are differ from the theoretical distribution
df=#of categories -1
Conditions:
Random
Expected Cells: common sense
Independence: 10%
Calculations:
observes in L1, expected in L2

Chi-square Independence || association

Given: two categorical variables
Keywords: independence, association, relationship
Ho: the two variables are independent, or no association
Ha: the two variables are not independent, or there is association
df=(#of col -1)(#of row-1)
Conditions:
Random
Expected Cells: common sense
Independence: 10%
Calculations:
observes in L1, expected in L2
chi^2 = (obs-mean)^2/exp
Chi-square Homogeneity
Given: at least two samples or two groups
Asked: if the populations or groups are distributed similarly or different
Ho: groups or populations are distributed the same
Ha: groups or populations are distributed the differently
df=(#of col -1)(#of row-1)
Conditions:
Random
Expected Cells Frequency: row x col / total-total
Independent: 10%
Calculations:
observes in [A] then chi-square then auto filled [B]
chi^2 = (obs-mean)^2/exp

Linreg T Test
Parameter: =0

Statistic: b=correlation from the table

Ho: =0 (no linear association)
Ha: <0 || >0 (there is positive||negative association)
Conditions:
Linear: do a scatterplot and LSRL
Independent: say something smart ^^
Equal Variance: residual plot
Normal: boxplot and histogram of residuals
Random
Calculations:
t=(b- )/SEb
SEb=S/Sx sqrt/(n-1)
Sx from one var stats

Linreg T Int
Parameter: =0
Statistic: b=correlation from the table
Ho: =0 (no linear association)
Ha: <0 || >0 (there is positive||negative association)
Conditions:
Linear: do a scatterplot and LSRL
Independent: say something smart ^^
Equal Variance: residual plot
Normal: boxplot and histogram of residuals
Random
Calculations:
b t* (SEb)
SEb=S/Sx sqrt/(n-1)
Sx from one var stats
t* = invT(area||CI,df n-2)