Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENT.......................................................................................................................................1
ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................................................2
1 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................................3
ELECTRIC PROPULSION TRENDS......................................................................................................................3
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS..............................................................................................................................3
ELECTRIC EFFICIENCY.......................................................................................................................................4
2 PROBLEM STATEMENT.................................................................................................................................6
DESIGN ISSUES.....................................................................................................................................................6
2.1 TASKS ASSIGNED TO INDIVIDUAL TEAM MEMBERS:...............................................................................8
Joe LaPointe:..................................................................................................................................................8
Gregory Huh:..................................................................................................................................................9
3 DESIGN CRITERIA........................................................................................................................................11
4 DETAILS OF DESIGN....................................................................................................................................12
Motor Controller...........................................................................................................................................13
Regenerated Braking.....................................................................................................................................14
Solar Panels..................................................................................................................................................15
HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT............................................................................................................................16
Schematic of System......................................................................................................................................16
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT..............................................................................................................................17
Analog To Digital Converter.........................................................................................................................17
Pulse Accumulator........................................................................................................................................18
Output Compare............................................................................................................................................18
4.1 FINAL SYSTEM:.............................................................................................................................................18
4.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ISSUES:........................................................................................................................20
Cost Proposal................................................................................................................................................20
Cost of Time...................................................................................................................................................20
Product Pricing.............................................................................................................................................21
Economic Benefits and Societal impacts.......................................................................................................21
4.3 SAFETY ISSUES:............................................................................................................................................22
5 TEST RESULTS AND DISCUSSION............................................................................................................25
6 CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................................................26
6.1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:...............................................................................................................................27
7 REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................................29
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hardware applications.
Write cost proposals to obtain funding from the College for the project.
braking).
controller
controller.
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an electric
Called and obtained free samples of the controller chips from Motorola
and Unitrode.
Researched solar panels and made choices of the most suitable panel
Chose which interrupts to use and how to best implement the design
through software.
Wrote a test program for moving and storing data into the EEPROM.
controlled the motor accordingly based upon the voltage input (Speed
Control), through the 68HC11.
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Features
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Half Bridge
Adjustable gain
Regenerative braking
CR type ramp
controller
Circuit can be used to drive loads such as lamps, which will work off a
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KC40
40 Watts
16.9 Volts
2.34 Amps
21.5 Volts
2.48 Amps
526mm (20.7in.)
652mm (25.7in.)
52mm (2.0in.)
6.0kg (13.2 1bs.)
The conversion efficiency of the Kyocera solar cell is over 14% These cells are
encapsulated between a tempered glass cover and an EVA pottant with PVF
back sheet to provide maximum protection from the severest environmental
conditions.
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The first step in the hardware design is to design the motor controller so it takes
a pulse from the microprocessor in order to drive the motor. The 2Qd controller
circuit was modified to take an input from 0 to 5 volts. This was achieved by the
addition of components to the 2Qd circuit. The values of these components were
calculated and configured into the controller circuit.
The solar panel was mounted and connected to the system with a diode to protect
the solar panel from receiving any back current. The solar panel was also
connected to a shunt regulator in order to receive current readings and voltage
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Software Development
The software for the project is written in Assembly language. The program is
interrupt/event driven. It utilizes three interrupts: A/D which gets the input from
the grip throttle/pot, Output compare, which is the signal input to the PWM signal
to the motor controller, Pulse Accumulator for obtaining the RPMs for the cruise
control.
Analog To Digital Converter
The analog-to-digital or A/D converter in the 68HCI I makes 8-bit unsigned
numbers representing external DC voltages. The A/D converter, by using an 8channel multiplexer, can read voltages from eight different pins on the 68HC II
package. Port E is the collection of the eight input pins for the A/D converter. An
A/D converter normally reads signals from analog sensors. Typical sensors
measure temperature, pressure, or position.
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Quantity Price
(Total)
1
1
1
$160.00
$20.00
$10.00
$160.00
$20.00
$10.00
Solar Panels
KQ 40
1
Custom Made Frame 1
$295.00
$40.00
$295.00
$40.00
$5.00
$4.00
$2.00
$15.00
$10.00
$5.00
$50.00
$60.00
$24.00
$20.00
$30.00
$10.00
$20.00
$50.00
Controller Chips
Unitrode 3678
$4.00
$12.00
Control Mountings
Grip Accelerator
Misc. Mountings
1
--
$50.00
$40.00
$50.00
$40.00
Sub Total
$1037.00
$93.36
$120.00
$93.36
$120.00
$1250.36
Cost of Time
Student/Faculty
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Time
Rate
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Total
G. Huh and J. LaPointe
15hrs./Week $10.00
30 weeks,450 Hours
$4,500.00
Greg Huh
Total
15hrs./Week $10.00
30 weeks,450 Hours
$4,500.00
$15,000.00
Total Team
$24,000.00
$7,200.00
$31,200.00
500 hours @ $10/hour
Total Cost
$5,000.00
$37,450.36
Product Pricing
In order to recover the initial investment capital and production cost, we would
have to sell the following amount of units at the designated price.
Number of units to be sold:
500 units
Unit price:
$1,100.00
$100.00
Revenue
$550,000.00
Profit
$12,549.64
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