Jaren Lewis

ENGL 371 Midterm

Feb 11 2010

2.5. No, it is not possible - including a coordinator implies two equal lexemes for it to
coordinate, and including a subordinator implies two full clauses whose relationship it ex-
presses.

3.5.

i. Non-finite
ii. Finite
iii. Non-finite
iv. Non-finite
v. Non-finite
vi. Finite

3.9.

i. Auxiliary
ii. Lexical
iii. Lexical
iv. Lexical
v. Lexical
vi. Lexical
vii. Lexical
viii. Auxiliary
ix. Auxiliary
x. Auxiliary

3.15.

i. I hope to have finished soon.

ii. You should have told her the truth.
iii. They had mislaid the file.
iv. He admitted having been an alcoholic.
v. She has been very helpful.

3.19.

i. The former refers to a routine; the latter refers to a present action.

 ii. The former refers to a series of events - she phoned me in response to Tom’s call; in the
latter, Tom’s call was placed in the middle of hers.
iii. The former is a simple report of fact; the latter emphasizes the time frame of the train
arriving. The first would more likely be followed by a description of what happened
now that the train was present, whereas the second would probably be followed by a
description of the events which had already been under way upon the train’s arrival.
iv. Similarly to i, the former sentence describes a general state whereas the latter emphasizes
that the annoyance is occurring at that time.
v. The former reports that an editorial was previously written; the latter refers to the
process of writing, and either implies the writing was finished or draws attention to
events which occurred during the writing.

4.5.

i. Implausible - The subject here is “you”, while the topic is much more likely “this time
of year” or “thunderstorms”.
ii. Implausible - The sentence’s topic is the job itself; “any fool” is minimally relevant to
the actual topic.
iii. Plausible - The subject here, “my sister”, is fairly obviously the subject.
iv. Implausible - “close tabs” provides no topical information, and the object “directors”
makes a much more appropriate topic.
v. Plausible - The sentence’s topic is the house’s value, so “house” makes a very plausible
topic.

5.1. I have never met [[a person] who is not interested in language.] I wrote [this book]
to satisfy [that curiosity]. Language is beginning to submit to [[that uniquely satisfying kind
of understanding] that we call science], but [the news] has been kept [a secret].

6.9.

i. I quite like this book.

ii. He is quite talented.
iii. We can finish this quite easily.
iv. You were quite in the wrong.
v. She is quite a tutor.

7.1.

i. What may not be expected in a country of eternal light? - object

ii. Six years have passed since I resolved on my present undertaking. - clause
iii. I commenced by inuring my body to hardship. - clause
iv. I preferred glory to every enticement that wealth placed in my path. - object
v. They fly quickly over the snow in their sledges. - object
 7.5.

i. About: preposition - In most uses, it licenses NP complements, such as in “I know about

the book”. However, “about” can also be used in the adjectival sense of “awake”.
ii. Ahead: preposition - Meets Huddleston and Pullum’s criteria for a redrawn set of prepo-
sitions because it complements the verb “be” and takes PP complements.
iii. Aloof: adjective - “Aloof” inflects for grade with “more” and “most”, and also comple-
ments “became” easily.
iv. Aloft: preposition - “Aloft” occurs as a preposition with no complement.
v. Around: preposition - It does not require a related predicand.

7.9.

i. What circumstances would you agree under?

ii. What year was she born in?
iii. He came to the bed which Goldilocks had been sleeping in.
iv. It appealed to everyone who he discussed it with.
v. *It was a situation which it would have been hard for anyone to form a judgement
concerning what to do in.