Simple Present Tense

To Express the following

1. Daily works / duties
Truths
4. Scientific Fats

V1 s / V 1
2.
5.

Habits

Proverbs

6.

3.

Universal

Near future activities

Key Terms : Daily, Always, Regularly, Everyday, Frequently, Every year

Ex : 1.
2.

I wake (Wake) up at 6 a.m. every morning

The earth moves (move) round the sun

Present Continuous Tense

am / is / are + V1 ing

1. To express actions at the time of speaking

Key Terms : Now, At present, At this moment, At this Time, Look ..,
See ., Listen ..
Ex:

1.
2.

I am waiting (wait) for you.

She is watching (watch) T.V. at present

Present Perfect Tense

has / Have + V3

To express the following

1. The works of recently completed
2. Though the works are finished, its results still exists.
Key Terms : Just, Just Before, Just now, recently, this morning
Ex:

1.
2.

He has just received (receive) money order.

I have not paid (pay) the fees yet.

Present Perfect ContinuousTense

ing

has / Have + been + V1

To express the following

1. Work started in past and still continue at present
Key Terms : Since morning, for the past 10 years, Since 2001, for 10
days, Since my birth,
For a long time.
Ex:

1.

It has been raining (rain) for the last 2 days.

2.

He has been suffering (suffer) from fever since yesterday

Simple Past Tense

V2

To express completed works in the past.

Key Terms : already, yesterday, last week, last month,10 months ago,
two years ago,
Ex : 1.
2.

I finished (finish) my course last month

The student took (take) an exam last week.

Past Continuous Tense

was / were + V1 ing

To express actions which continuous some time in past

Key Terms : Yesterday at this time, while
Ex:

1.
While it was raining (rain), the children played in it.
2.
When I saw her, she was eating (eat) an ice-cream.
Note : Generally two phases exists.
Past Perfect Tense

had + V3

1. In Past, if (2) works happened with some duration, then 1 st work

should be expressed in Past perfect Tense and 2 nd work in Simple
Past.
Key Terms : Before, After, When
Ex: 1.
Before I reached (reach) the station, the train had left
(leave) the platform.
2.
After he had sent (send) me a message, I responded
(respond) to it.
Note : If no duration between works, both actions should be
expressed in simple past tense
Ex: 1. As soon as the teacher entered (enter) the room, the students stood
(stand) up.
2. As soon as I saw (see) a snake, I took (take) to my heel.
Past Perfect ContinuousTense

Had + been + V1 ing

To express the works that continued in past for a long time

Key Terms : For 10 days in the last months, for 2 weeks in the last year.

Ex:

1.
The Minister had been visiting (visit) different countries for 3
months last
year.
2.
She had been practicing (practice) singing for more than 10
hours last
Monday.

Simple Future Tense

Will/ Shall + V1

To express the works that takes place in future.

Key Terms : Tomorrow, Next week, Next month, In 2015 etc.
Ex : 1.
I shall meet ( meet) the principal tomorrow
2.
The ex-minister will contest (contest) in this area in the
next elections.
Future Continuous Tense

Will / Shall + Be + V1 ing

To express works that continue in future some duration.

Key Terms : Tomorrow at this moment, Next Monday at this time.
Ex:
time.

1.

We shall be debating (debate) on this issue tomorrow at this

2.
It will be raining (rain), I guess, next Wednesday at this
moment.

Future Perfect Tense

Will / Shall + Have + V3

To express works that can be done by the given time in future.

Key Terms : By tomorrow, By next week, by 2015, By the time you
come back
Ex: 1.
The actor will have finished (finish) his visit by the next
week.
2.
By the time he returns, his wife will have made (make) all
arrangements.
Important tenses
Simple Present Tense
Present Perfect Continuous
Simple Past Tense
Past Perfect Tense