Assignment 3.

1
Analyze the beam and loading shown below using the basic stiffness method. Assume EI is
constant throughout the beam.

Fig 1

Solution
N = 73

P= 180+73 = 253KN

a= 5+0.01(73) = 5.73m

w1= 60+0.02(73) = 61.46KN/m

b= 3+0.01(73) = 3.73m

w2= 90+0.02(73) = 91.46KN/m

c= 8+0.02(73) = 9.46m

M= 120+0.2(73) = 134.6KN-m

EI =Constant

Fig 2

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Step1 Degree of freedom

Kinematic indeterminacy = 3 i.e. B, C and D
Assigning coordinates for corresponding joint which is free to displacement (may be translation
or rotation). Let assign joint B as coordinate 1, C as coordinate 2 and D as coordinate 3.

Fig 3 Coordinates

Fig 4 Giving unit value of B =1

Fig 5 Giving unit value of C =1

Fig 5 Giving unit value of D =1

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Step3 Stiffness calculation

If unit displacement is imposed only once at corresponding coordinates and the stiffness matrix
is formulated as:
K11 = 4EI/LBA +4EI/LBC

, LAB =LBC = 9.46m

K11 = 8EI/LBA = 8EI/9.46

, LCD = 9.46m

K12 =K21 = K23= K32=2EI/LBA = 2EI/9.46

K22 = 4EI/LCB + 4EI/LCD = 8EI/9.46
K33 = 4EI/LDC + 4EI/LDE = 8EI/9.46
K13 =K31 = 0
Therefore the stiffness matrix K

K11

K K 21
K
31

K12
K 22
K32

K13

K11
K33

will be:

8 2 0
EI

K
2 8 2

9.46

0 2 8

Fixed End Moment (F.E.M)

AB

MFAB =

Pab 2 wa 2
(6 L2 8aL 3a 2 )
+
12 L2
L2

253*5.73*3.732 61.46*5.732
(6*9.462 8*5.73*9.46 3*5.732 ) = 604.57 KNm
+
12*9.462
9.462
Pa 2b wa3
(4 L 3a)
M BA = - 2 12 L2
L
F

=-

BC

253*5.732 *3.73 61.46*5.733

(4*9.46 3*5.73) = -568.56KNm
12*9.462
9.462
MFBC =

Pab 2 Mb
+ 2 (b 2a ) =
L
L2

253*5.73*3.73 2 134.6*3.73
(3.73 2*5.73) =182.01KNm
+
9.462
9.462

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MFCB= -

=-

Pa 2b Ma
- 2 (2b a)
L
L2

253*5.732 *3.73 134.6*5.73

(2*3.73 5.73) =-361.13KNm
9.462
9.462

CD

MFCD =

WL2 91.46*9.462
=
= 272.83KNm
30
30

MFDC =

WL2 91.46*9.46 2
=
= -409.245KNm
20
20

MFDE =

WL2 91.46*9.462
=
= 409.245KNm
20
20

MFED =

WL2 91.46*9.46 2
=
= -272.83KNm
30
30

DC

Step3 Restraining forces

P1 = MFBA + MFBC = -568.56+182.01= -386.55 KNm
P2 = MFCB + MFCD = -361.13+272.83 = -88.3 KNm
P2 = MFDC + MFDE = -409.245+409.245 = 0 KNm

386.55

P ' 88.3 KNm

0

Step4 Determine the actual displacement (rotation in our case).

{D}= [K]-1({AD} {ADL}),

AD =P = 0 and

ADL = P

[B C D]T = -[K]-1{ADL} =[ 459.91 -11.27 2.82] T

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B =

rad

C = -

D =

rad

rad

Step5 Forces on restrained and in given structure by Slope Deflection

Equation:
M AB

2 EI
3
(2 A B
) FEM AB
LAB
LAB

A= E= = 0

2
3*0
*(2*0 459.91
) 604.57
9.46
LAB

= 701.80KNm
2 EI
3
(2 B A
) FEM BA
LBA
LBA

M BA

2
3*0
(2*459.91 0
) 568.56
9.46
LBA

= -374.09KNm

M BC

2 EI
2 B C 3 FEM BC
LBC

= /L =0 , =0

2
2* 459.91 11.27 3*0 182.01
9.46

= 374.09 KNm
M CB

2 EI
2C B 3 FEMCB
LBC

, = /L =0 , =0

2
2*11.27 459.91 3 361.13
9.46

= 268.66KNm

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M CD

2 EI
2C D 3 FEM CD
LCD

= /L =0 , =0

2
2* 11.26 2.815 3 272.83
9.46

=268.66KNm
M DC

2 EI
2 D C 3 FEM DC
LDC

2
2* 2.815 11.25 3*0 409.245
9.46

= -410.433KNm
M DE

2 EI
2 D E 3 FEM DE
LDE

2
2* 2.815 0 3*0 409.245
9.46

= 410.433KNm
M ED

2 EI
2 E D 3 FEM ED
LDE

2
2*0 2.815 3*0 272.83
9.46

= -272.23KNm

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Step6 Determine other support reactions and draw shear force and bending
moment diagram.

=0 :- RA(9.46)+701.80-374.09+61.46(5.73*6.595)+253*3.73 = 0

RA = 379.9KN

RBL = 225.257KN

=0: RCL(9.46)+374.09-268.66-253*5.73-134.6 = 0

RCL = 156.327KN

RBR = 96.672KN

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=0: RD(9.46) +268.66-409.245-0.5*91.46*9.46*6.30 = 0

RDL = 302.52KN

RCR = 130.08KN

=0: RE(9.46) -272.83+409.245-0.5*91.46*9.46*6.30 = 0

RE = 130.08KN

RDR = 302.52KN

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Reactions
RA = 379.9KN
RB = RBL +RBR = 225.257KN + 96.672KN = 321.929KN
RC = RCL + RCR = 156.327KN + 130.08KN = 286.407KN
RD = RDL + RDR = 302.52KN + 302.52KN = 605.04KN
RE = 130.08KN
Check To check the correctness of the final support reactions obtained, the equilibrium of the
entire beam under vertical forces is considered as follows:

Fy =0 , R + R + R + R + R
A

(w1*a)-P-P-2(0.5* w2*c)= 0

379.9 + 321.929 + 286.407 + 605.04+130.08--61.46*5.73-253-253-2*(0.5*9.46*91.46) = 0

1723.36-1723.36= 0 -------------------------------------- OK
Shear force diagram

Bending moment diagram

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