TEFL to the Young

Learner
Teaching Vocabulary & Grammar
 yC and oC differences

yC don’t care about analyzing

grammar. They really can’t do
this well do to what Piaget,
Vygotsky have asserted.
 yC and oC differences
oC are a little different.
They are starting to become
interested in language analysis.
Grammar can be taught more
analytically.
 yC and oC differences

It is best to teach both

vocabulary and grammar
together for yC and then start
separating it for oC.
 yC and oC differences

What is grammar?
What is vocabulary?
 vocabulary & grammar

Grammar is
the skeleton.
It is the
structure. It is
the hidden
 vocabulary & grammar
Vocabulary is
the contents.
It contains the
meanings. It is
the skin and
organs.
 yC and oC differences

Do you remember
Chunking?
 yC and oC differences

Picking up words
vs.
knowing words.
 Picking up words.
They know it from rich context.
The story and picture give them
hints that an ‘anteater’ is an animal.
It doesn’t mean they can
remember.
 Knowing words
They can spell it.
They know what part of speech.
They know the collocations with
other similar vocabulary.
Other Features: Count/Noncount..
 Grammar
It’s a process.
It’s chaotic.
It’s iterative.
Requires meaningful practice &
careful attention.
 Vocabulary & Grammar
It is important to memorize
(deliberate practice).
But it is equally important for
learners to have the chance to use
new language in controlled
settings. p85
 Recycling
When you have a set of
vocabulary, try to figure out ways
to repeatedly use the language in
different & meaningful ways. This is
the same for grammar too.
 yC
vocabulary &
grammar
 birth to 6
vocabulary &
grammar
 yC vocabulary
Teaching & Learning is Holistic
They enjoy learning vocabulary.
Rhyme, repetition & TPR
Incorporating NEW vocabulary
into a yC’s existing knowledge.
 yC vocabulary
How do we start?
How much should we teach?
200 to 500 words in 90 hours?
Which vocabulary to teach?
Pinter doesn’t answer.
 yC vocabulary
Scaffolding: What does the yC
already know and what can we do
to extend their knowledge?
an example of semantic
networking. p90
 yC vocabulary
‘Semantics’
‘Collocation’
‘Picking-up words’
‘Knowing words’

What are the subtle differences?

 oC
vocabulary &
grammar
 7 to 11
vocabulary &
grammar
 oC vocabulary
Include the types of activities
mentioned for yC BUT ADD...
Dictionary work
Paraphrasing/synonyms/antonyms/
definitions
 oC vocabulary
Don’t forget the value of
traditional vocabulary work:
in list form, journal form,
vocabulary cards.
 oC vocabulary
Vocabulary cards
Front Side:
word
Back Side:
definition, picture, part of speech,
example sentence, collocations,
etc...
 oC grammar
Ex. p92 Extract 13

Can you make more lessons like

this example?

Use simpler structures first

 oC grammar
storyboarding

to show past/present/future
descriptives
transitions
 oC grammar

ex.
Medium Man
(the average hero)